# Chacarilla Formation > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Chacarilla_Formation > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Chacarilla_Formation.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chacarilla_Formation > Source revision: 1352684579 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Geologic formation in Chile}} {{Infobox rockunit | name = Chacarilla Formation | image = | caption = | type = [Geological formation](/source/Geological_formation) | period = Tithonian | age = [Oxfordian](/source/Oxfordian_(stage))-[Aptian](/source/Aptian)
~{{fossil range|160|120}} | prilithology = [Sandstone](/source/Sandstone), [shale](/source/shale) | otherlithology = | namedfor = Quebrada de Chacarilla | namedby = | region = [Tarapacá Region](/source/Tarapac%C3%A1_Region) | country = [Chile](/source/Chile) | coordinates = {{coord|20.6|S|69.1|W|display=inline,title}} | paleocoordinates = {{coord|21.5|S|36.1|W|display=inline}} | unitof = | subunits = | underlies = [Cerro Empexa Formation](/source/Cerro_Empexa_Formation) | overlies = ''not exposed'' | thickness = min. {{convert|1100|m|ft|abbr=on}} | extent = [Tarapacá Basin](/source/Tarapac%C3%A1_Basin) | area = | map = {{Location map+ | Chile | relief = 1 | width = 200 | float = center | places = {{Location map~ | Chile | lat_deg = -20.6 | lon_deg = -69.1 | mark = Green-blue pog.svg | marksize = 12 }} }} | map_caption = }} The '''Chacarilla Formation''' ({{langx|es|Formación Chacarilla}}) is an [Oxfordian](/source/Oxfordian_(stage)) to [Early Cretaceous](/source/Early_Cretaceous) geologic [formation](/source/Formation_(geology)) of the [Tarapacá Basin](/source/Tarapac%C3%A1_Basin) in northern Chile, close to the border with [Bolivia](/source/Bolivia). The marine and [fluvial](/source/fluvial) formation preserves several dinosaur trackways and has been declared a Natural Sanctuary ({{langx|es|Santuario de la Naturaleza}}) in 2004.{{in lang|es}} [http://www.monumentos.cl/monumentos/santuarios-de-la-naturaleza/quebrada-chacarilla Quebrada de Chacarilla] - Consejo de Monumentos Naturales de Chile == Description == thumb|left|200px|Stratigraphic column of the formation The formation comprises a sequence of rhythmically alternating [shale](/source/shale)s and red [sandstone](/source/sandstone)s with a minimum thickness of {{convert|1100|m|ft}}. The lower part of the formation was deposited under marine conditions and the upper part in a [meandering river](/source/meandering_river) [floodplain](/source/floodplain) and [point bar](/source/point_bar) [environment](/source/depositional_environment). Paleocurrent analysis demonstrated a flow direction towards the west, northwest and west-northwest. The formation contains [ichnofossil](/source/ichnofossil)s of theropods and ornithopods, occurring in the Early Cretaceous upper part of the formation, which is marked by an angular unconformity, overlain by volcanic and clastic rocks of the [Late Cretaceous](/source/Late_Cretaceous) to [Early Paleocene](/source/Paleocene) [Cerro Empexa Formation](/source/Cerro_Empexa_Formation).Rubilar Rogers et al., 2008, p.177 The top of the formation is not younger than [Aptian](/source/Aptian).Moreno et al., 2012, p.75 {{clear left}} == Fossil content == left|thumb|300px|Dinosaur tracksite of the Chacarilla Formation Fossil [stegosaur](/source/stegosaur), [sauropod](/source/sauropod) and [theropod](/source/theropod) tracks and fossil flora have been reported from the formation.Weishampel et al., 2004, pp.517-607 The fourteen trackways of the Chacarilla III tracksite consist of 76 individual footprints. Two of the trackways consist of large [ornithopod](/source/ornithopod) footprints (average footprint length {{convert|39|cm|in}} and average width {{convert|32|cm|in}}). Two other trackways consist of small [theropod](/source/theropod) footprints (less than {{convert|25|cm|in}} long).Moreno et al., 2012, p.77 The other ten trackways were made by large theropods (footprint length more than {{convert|30|cm|in}}). The large theropod tracks are tri− and tetradactyl, mesaxonic, and have lengths and widths between {{convert|31|to|65|cm|in}} and {{convert|21|to|46|cm|in}}, respectively. Nearly all digit impressions possess claw marks, but they lack clear impressions of digital pads. The stride length varies between {{convert|230|and|307|cm|ft}}. The speed of the dinosaurs leaving the tracks is estimated at {{convert|4|to|7|km/h|mph}}.Moreno et al., 2012, p.79 Additionally, in the Jurassic part of the formation, fossil flora was reported, containing fossils of ''[Posidonomya](/source/Posidonomya)'', ''[Perisphinctes](/source/Perisphinctes)'',Leonardi, 1994, p.65 ''[Baiera sp.](/source/Baiera)'', ''[Brachyphyllum sp.](/source/Brachyphyllum)'', ''[Cladophlebis sp.](/source/Cladophlebis)'', ''[Dictyophyllum sp.](/source/Dictyophyllum)'', ''[Equisetites sp.](/source/Equisetites)'', ''[Nilsonia sp.](/source/Nilsonia)'', ''[Pterophyllum sp.](/source/Pterophyllum)'', ''[Ptilophyllum sp.](/source/Ptilophyllum)'', ''[Taeniopteris sp.](/source/Taeniopteris)'', and [Filicales](/source/Filicales).[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=29505 Quebrada Juan de Morales] at [Fossilworks](/source/Fossilworks).org == See also == * [List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations](/source/List_of_dinosaur-bearing_rock_formations) ** [List of stratigraphic units with ornithischian tracks](/source/List_of_stratigraphic_units_with_ornithischian_tracks) *** [Stegosaur tracks](/source/List_of_stratigraphic_units_with_ornithischian_tracks) * [Arcabuco Formation](/source/Arcabuco_Formation), contemporaneous ichnofossil-bearing formation in Colombia * [La Puerta Formation](/source/La_Puerta_Formation%2C_Bolivia), contemporaneous ichnofossil-bearing formation in Bolivia * [Baños del Flaco Formation](/source/Ba%C3%B1os_del_Flaco_Formation), contemporaneous ichnofossil-bearing formation in central Chile == References == {{reflist|20em}} === Bibliography === * {{citation |last=Leonardi |first=Giuseppe |year=1994 |title=Annotated Atlas of South America Tetrapod Footprints (Devonian to Holocene) with an appendix on Mexico and Central America |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309643073 |publisher=Ministerio de Minas e Energia - Companhia de Pesquisa de Recursos Minerais, Geological Service of Brazil |pages=1–248 |accessdate=2019-03-25}} * {{citation |last1=Moreno |first1=K. |last2=De Valais |first2=S. |last3=Blanco |first3=N. |last4=Tomlinson |first4=A.J. |last5=Jacay |first5=J. |last6=Calvo |first6=J.O. |year=2012 |title=Large theropod dinosaur footprint associations in western Gondwana: Behavioural and palaeogeographic implications |url=https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app57/app20100119.pdf |journal=[Acta Palaeontologica Polonica](/source/Acta_Palaeontologica_Polonica) |volume=57 |pages=73–83 |doi=10.4202/app.2010.0119 |accessdate=2019-03-08}} 50px Material was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License]. * {{citation |last1=Rubilar Rogers |first1=David |last2=Moreno |first2=Karen |last3=Blanco |first3=Nicolás |last4=Calvo |first4=Jorge O. |year=2008 |title=Theropod Dinosaur Trackways from the Lower Cretaceous of the Chacarilla Formation, Chile |url=https://www.andeangeology.cl/index.php/revista1/article/view/V35n1-a09/415 |journal=[Revista Geológica de Chile](/source/Andean_Geology) |volume=35 |pages=175–184 |accessdate=2019-03-08}} * {{citation |last1=Weishampel |first1=David B. |author2-link=Peter Dodson |last2=Dodson |first2=Peter |author3-link=Halszka Osmólska |last3=Osmólska |first3=Halszka |year=2004 |title=The Dinosauria, 2nd edition |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZFDb_iw40C |publisher=Berkeley: University of California Press |pages=1–880 |accessdate=2019-02-21 |isbn=0-520-24209-2 |author1-link=David B. Weishampel }} == Further reading == * C. G. Oliver and C.A. Menéndez. 1968. Geología de la Quebrada Juan de Morales, Tarapacá, Chile y su flora Jurásica. Terceras Jornadas Geologicas Argentinas 163–171 * R. J. Dingman and C. Galli O. 1965. Geology and ground-water resources of the Pica area, Tarapacá Province, Chile. United States Geological Survey Bulletin 1189:1-113 {{Geology of Chile}} Category:Geologic formations of Chile Category:Lower Cretaceous Series of South America Category:Jurassic System of South America Category:Late Jurassic South America Category:Mesozoic Chile Category:Aptian Stage Category:Barremian Stage Category:Hauterivian Stage Category:Valanginian Stage Category:Berriasian Stage Category:Tithonian Stage Category:Kimmeridgian Stage Category:Oxfordian Stage Category:Sandstone formations Category:Shale formations Category:Fluvial deposits Category:Ichnofossiliferous formations Category:Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of South America Category:Paleontology in Chile Category:Geology of Tarapacá Region Category:National Monuments of Chile --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Chacarilla Formation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chacarilla_Formation) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chacarilla_Formation?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.