# Carl Nauwerck

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**Ludewig Gottlieb Carl Nauwerck**[1] (ˈnaʊvɛʁk; 26 March 1810 – 7 July 1891) was a German journalist, [orientalist](/source/Oriental_studies) and member of the [Frankfurt Parliament](/source/Frankfurt_Parliament).

## Biography

Carl Nauwerck was born the illegitimate son of Marie Dorothee Zink, a mason's daughter,[2] and Ludwig Nauwerck. After graduating from the cathedral school in [Ratzeburg](/source/Ratzeburg),[3] he studied [orientalism](/source/Oriental_studies) and [evangelical theology](/source/Evangelical_theology) from 1828 to 1831 at several universities, including [Humboldt](/source/Humboldt_University_of_Berlin), [Bonn](/source/University_of_Bonn) and [Jena](/source/University_of_Jena); his academic career included membership in the *Alten Bonner Burschenschaft*, a traditional student's association ([Burschenschaft](/source/Burschenschaft)). He received his [PhD](/source/PhD) at [Halle](/source/Martin_Luther_University_of_Halle-Wittenberg) in 1834, becoming a professor the following year in Berlin. With a license to teach [Arabic literature](/source/Arabic_literature) and the [history of philosophy](/source/History_of_philosophy), he was employed from 1836 to 1844 as a *[Privatdozent](/source/Privatdozent)* at the Philosophical Faculty. He was a member of the *[Doctorklub](/source/Doctorklub)* (Graduates' Club), along with [Karl Marx](/source/Karl_Marx), [Bruno](/source/Bruno_Bauer) and [Edgar Bauer](/source/Edgar_Bauer).

Nauwerck wrote an article for the magazine *[Athenäum](/source/Athen%C3%A4um)*[4] and was an eager contributor to another one, the *[Hallische Jahrbücher](/source/Hallische_Jahrb%C3%BCcher)*.[5] From 1842 to 1843 he was a correspondent for the *[Rheinische Zeitung](/source/Rheinische_Zeitung)*.[6] In 1844, he became a member of the Central Association for the Welfare of the Working Classes. In the same year, he was banned from teaching because of his liberal opinions about [Friedrich Wilhelm IV](/source/Friedrich_Wilhelm_IV), who demanded consequences for the "patented revolutionary".[7] His students protested against that sanction. He later worked as a free [opinion writer](/source/Opinion_journalism) in Berlin. From 1847 to 1848, he served in the city council of Berlin, where he represented, along with [Julius Berends](/source/Julius_Berends), the "highest democracy".

In 1848, he was elected for the two constituencies of the 5th Province of Brandenburg (Berlin, *Georgenvorstadt*) in the Paul's Church Parliament. He attended every session and was an eager debater.[8] He was a member of the faction *Deutscher Hof* and later joined the Central March Association. He was primarily committed to fundamental rights, foreign policy for Polish solidarity, opposed Danish feudal supremacy in the [Schleswig–Holstein question](/source/Schleswig%E2%80%93Holstein_question) and supported the independence of Italy. Regarding domestic policy, he spoke against unemployment. He advocated for the *right to work*[9] and criticized the so-called "leonine societies" (*Leoninischer Verträge*).[10]

With the failure of the [German revolutions of 1848–1849](/source/German_revolutions_of_1848%E2%80%931849), he fled to Switzerland, where he lived in [Bönigen](/source/B%C3%B6nigen) and [Thun](/source/Thun) and from 1850 in [Rechberg](/source/Rechberg). From 1850 to 1851, he was an editor of *Actionair*, an economic policy [insert](/source/Insert_(print_advertising)) of the *[Neue Zürcher Zeitung](/source/Neue_Z%C3%BCrcher_Zeitung)*. From 1859 he managed a tobacco cigar business. In 1851, he was [sentenced to death](/source/Death_sentence) in absence for his participation in the Paul's Church Parliament, but would receive [amnesty](/source/Amnesty) ten years later in 1862. He was a co-editor of the newspaper *Der deutsche Eidgenosse* along with [Gottfried Kinkel](/source/Gottfried_Kinkel). From 1862 to 1877, he was a member and later president of the German Aid Society in Zurich.

He died in 1891 in the town of Riesbach, which became a borough of Zürich shortly after.

## Family

On 5 July 1840, he married Angelica Julia Coelestina Dubois (29 September 1816 – 15 October 1900) in [Neustrelitz](/source/Neustrelitz). He had six children:

- Robert Carl Cölestin Nauwerck (born 25 March 1841),[11]
- Gabriela Johanna Sophie Amalie Luise Nauwerck (7 September 1842 – 14 May 1908);
- Arnold Carl Julius Ludwig Nauwerck (born 12 July 1845);
- Ludwig Emmanuel Carl Alexander Nauwerck (6 July 1847 – 17 December 1916),[12]
- Coelestin Nauwerck (1853–1938);
- another unnamed child.

## References

1. According to the baptismal certificate, quoted from Lars Lambrecht (2003): *Karl Nauwerck (1810–1892). [sic] Ein „unbekannter“ und „vergessener“ Radikaldemokrat?*, p. 458.

1. Lars Lambrecht (2003): *Karl Nauwerck (1810–1892). [sic] Ein „unbekannter“ und „vergessener“ Radikaldemokrat?*, p. 435.

1. ["(13) Nauwerck (09 a + b)"](http://raveaux.bibliofil.de/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=128:nauwerck&catid=7:brigitta-raveaux&Itemid=11). *raveaux.bibliofil.de*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20131105200812/http://raveaux.bibliofil.de/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=128:nauwerck&catid=7:brigitta-raveaux&Itemid=11) 2013-11-05 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 2023-05-29.

1. Lars Lambrecht (2003): *Die „fürchterlich revolutionäre Kraft“ der Kritik oder „Ideen der großen Revolution sind lange noch nicht ausgelebt“*, p. 507.

1. [Martin Hundt](/source/Martin_Hundt) (2014): *Der Redaktionsbriefwechsel der Hallischen, Deutschen und Deutsch-Französischen Jahrbücher (1837–1844).*

1. Wilhelm Klutentreter: *Die Rheinische Zeitung von 1842/43. Dokumente*. Dortmund 1966, p. 218 (*Dortmunder Beiträge zur Zeitungs-Forschung* 10/2)

1. Friedrich Wilhelm IV on [Ludwig Gustav von Thile](/source/Ludwig_Gustav_von_Thile), 30 November 1843: "Lösen Sie mir das Räthsel, wie der p. Nauwerck, ein bekannter patentirter Revolutionär hier an der Universität Privatdozent geworden ist, und wie man ihm den größten Hörsaal, d. h. [Schelling's](/source/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Joseph_Schelling) und [Savigny's](/source/Friedrich_Carl_von_Savigny) Katheder einräumt !!!!!! Ich bin tief betrübt über diesen entsetzlichen Mißgriff, der den werdenden guten Geist der Studenten wieder sehr gefährdet. Es muß endlich in meinem Geist verfahren werden. Revolutionäre dürfen in Preußen keine Freistätte unter den Fittigen der Regierung haben". (Quoted from Lars Lambrecht (2003): *Die „fürchterlich revolutionäre Kraft“ der Kritik oder „Ideen der großen Revolution sind lange noch nicht ausgelebt“*, p. 479).

1. Lars Lambrecht (2003): *Karl Nauwerck (1810–1892). [sic] Ein „unbekannter“ und „vergessener“ Radikaldemokrat?* p. 449.

1. „Jeder Deutsche hat ein Recht auf Unterhalt. Dem unfreiwillig Arbeitslosen, welchem keine verwandtschaftliche oder genossenschaftliche Hülfe wird, muß die Gemeinde, beziehemtlich der Staat, Unterhalt gewähren, und zwar, soweit irgend möglich, durch Anweisung von Arbeit.“ (Lars Lambrecht (2003): *Karl Nauwerck (1810–1892). [sic] Ein „unbekannter“ und „vergessener“ Radikaldemokrat?* p. 441).

1. ["Sozialismus und Kommunismus in der Revolution von 1848/49"](http://www.juergen-herres.de/jh-marx/sozialismus_1848.html). *www.juergen-herres.de*. pp. 257–275. Retrieved 2023-05-29.

1. Nauwerck, Robert (1866). [*Zur Casuistik der Tumoren des Bulbus: Inaug. Diss*](https://books.google.com/books?id=tbtMAAAAcAAJ&q=Nauwerck) (in German). J. Herzog.

1. Lars Lambrecht (2003): *Karl Nauwerck (1810–1892). [sic] Ein „unbekannter“ und „vergessener“ Radikaldemokrat?* p. 436.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Carl Nauwerck](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Nauwerck) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Nauwerck?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.