# Cape Gantheaume

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Place in South Australia

Place in South Australia, Australia

Cape Gantheaume Cape Gantheaume horseshoe-shaped bay Cape Gantheaume Coordinates: 36°04′30″S 137°27′38″E / 36.07500°S 137.46056°E / -36.07500; 137.46056 Country Australia State South Australia LGA Kangaroo Island Council Elevation [1] 46 m (151 ft)

**Cape Gantheaume** is a headland located on the south coast of [Kangaroo Island](/source/Kangaroo_Island) in [South Australia](/source/South_Australia). It was named after [Vice admiral](/source/Vice_admiral) [Honoré Joseph Antoine Ganteaume](/source/Honor%C3%A9_Joseph_Antoine_Ganteaume) (1755–1818) by the [Baudin expedition to Australia](/source/Baudin_expedition_to_Australia) during 1803. It is currently located within the [protected area](/source/Protected_area) known as the [Cape Gantheaume Wilderness Protection Area](/source/Cape_Gantheaume_Wilderness_Protection_Area).

## Description

Cape Gantheaume is the most southerly point on the south coast of Kangaroo Island. It is the termination for a pair of [cliffed coastlines](/source/Cliffed_coast) – one extending from [Vivonne Bay](/source/Vivonne_Bay_(South_Australia)) in the north west and the other extending from [D'Estrees Bay](/source/D'Estrees_Bay) in the north east. Its cliff top is 46 metres (151 feet) above sea level. When viewed from the south on a platform such as a ship, the cape is reported as being 'steep on its W(est) side and sloping on its E(ast) side.'[1][2]

## Formation, geology & oceanography

Cape Gantheaume was formed when the sea reached its present level 7,500 years ago after sea levels started to rise at the start of the [Holocene](/source/Holocene).[3] The cliff line which includes Cape Gantheaume consists of a metamorphic rock belonging to the [Kanmantoo group](/source/Kanmantoo_group) bedrock called Middleton Sandstone. The cliff at Cape Gantheaume is described as having 'spectacular [re-entrants](/source/Draw_(terrain))' due to the 'differential weathering of near vertical basic [dykes](/source/Dike_(geology)).'[3][4] The water adjoining Cape Gantheaume drops to a depth of 50 metres (160 feet) within 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) of the coastline. In addition to [wave-cut platforms](/source/Wave-cut_platform) along its west and east sides, a reef extends about 0.75 nautical miles (1.39 km; 0.86 mi) in a west south-west direction from the cape.[1][2][4]

## Flora and fauna

### Flora

A coastal [heath](/source/Heath) occupies the cliff top from Cape Gantheaume eastward to D'Estrees Bay for a distance from 200 metres (660 feet) to 700 metres (2,300 feet) inland from the cliff edge. The heath has a [cover](/source/Plant_cover) of 70 to 80% with exception of the immediate cliff edge and grows on soils varying from shallow sand to sheet limestone where plants will form mats over the bare rock surface. The heath does not exceed 1 metre (3 feet 3 inches) in height with the exception of hollows sheltered from the prevailing weather.[5] As of 1977, the main species found in the heath were *[Acaena anserinifolia](/source/Acaena)*, *[Acrotriche patula](/source/Acrotriche)*, *[Bitter bush](/source/Adriana_klotzschii)*, *[Goodenia varia](/source/Goodenia)*, *[Phyllota pleurandroides](/source/Phyllota)*, *[Lasiopetalum discolour](/source/Lasiopetalum)*, *Lasiopetalum schultzenii*, *[Logania crassifolia](/source/Logania)* and *[Muehlenbeckia adpressa](/source/Muehlenbeckia_adpressa)*.[6]

### Fauna

Cape Gantheaume and the coast immediately to its east is notable as a [haul out](/source/Haul_out) area and [breeding colony](/source/Rookery) for [New Zealand fur seals](/source/New_Zealand_fur_seal).[7] A colony of Little penguins once existed at Cape Gantheaume, but is now extinct.

## History

### Aboriginal use

As of 1999, the literature had not cited any archaeological discoveries specific to [Aboriginal](/source/Australian_Aboriginal) use of land in the immediate vicinity of Cape Gantheaume.[8]

### European use

Cape Gantheaume was discovered and named after Vice Admiral Honoré Joseph Antoine Ganteaume (1755–1818) by the Baudin expedition to Australia during 1803.[9][10] In 1954, Cape Gantheaume became the eastern end of a closed area proclaimed under the *Animals and Birds Protection Act 1946* extending from [Nobby Islet](/source/Nobby_Islet) in the west for the purpose of protecting [sea lions](/source/Sea_lion).[11][12][13] Cape Gantheaume was part of the parcel of land which was initially dedicated in 1971 as the [Cape Gantheaume Conservation Park](/source/Cape_Gantheaume_Conservation_Park) and which was re-dedicated again in 1972 following the enactment of the *[National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972](/source/National_Parks_and_Wildlife_Act_1972)*. In 1993, a large portion of the conservation park including Cape Gantheaume was excised to create a new protected area called the Cape Gantheaume Wilderness Protection Area.[14][15]

## Economic activity

As of 2014, the sole economic use of the land at Cape Gantheaume is the use of an unmarked [trekking trail](/source/Trekking) for which a fee is charged. The trail extends along the coast from near D'Estrees Bay within the Cape Gantheaume Conservation Park in the east to Bales Bay within the [Seal Bay Conservation Park](/source/Seal_Bay_Conservation_Park) in the west.[16]

## Protected area status

Cape Gantheaume is currently located within the protected area known as the Cape Gantheaume Wilderness Protection Area.[14] As of 2012, the waters surrounding its shores are part of a habitat protection zone located within the boundaries of the [Southern Kangaroo Island Marine Park](/source/Southern_Kangaroo_Island_Marine_Park_(state_waters)).[17]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Chart11_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Chart11_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Chart11_1-2) South Australia. Department of Marine and Harbors (1985), *The Waters of South Australia a series of charts, sailing notes and coastal photographs*, Dept. of Marine and Harbors, South Australia, pp. Chart 11, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-7243-7603-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7243-7603-2)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Pub175_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Pub175_2-1) [*Sailing Directions (Enroute),*Pub. 175:*North, West, and South Coasts of Australia*](https://msi.nga.mil/api/publications/download?key=16694491/SFH00000/Pub175bk.pdf&type=view) (PDF). *[Sailing Directions](/source/Sailing_Directions)*. [United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency](/source/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency). 2017. p. 214.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-BSKIpage26_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-BSKIpage26_3-1) Robinson, A. C.; Armstrong, D. M., eds. (1999). [*A Biological Survey of Kangaroo Island, South Australia, 1989 & 1990*](http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/fb13b9bf-5c8e-445c-9c3c-a1c600c14815/ki-biological-survey-climate-geology-landuse-gen.pdf) (PDF). Adelaide, SA: Heritage and Biodiversity Section, Department for Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs, South Australia. p. 26. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7308-5862-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7308-5862-6). Retrieved 1 May 2014.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-MESA47page28_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-MESA47page28_4-1) Fairclough, Martin C (December 2007). ["KINGSCOTE Special 1:250 000 geological map"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160527064406/http://www.pir.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0015/71034/MJ47_kingscote_map.pdf) (PDF). *MESA Journal*. **47**. Government of South Australia, DMITRE: 28–31. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1326-3544](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1326-3544). Archived from [the original](http://www.pir.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0015/71034/MJ47_kingscote_map.pdf) (PDF) on 27 May 2016. Retrieved 18 May 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-MPpage19_5-0)** ["Management Plan, Seal Bay and Cape Gantheaume Conservation Parks, Kangaroo Island, South Australia"](http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/9fbaeba4-b9cf-436f-8d78-9e4f00b1ef55/PARKS_PDFS_SEAL_BAY_GANTHEA_MP.pdf) (PDF). 1977: 19. Retrieved 13 May 2014. {{[cite journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_journal)}}: Cite journal requires |journal= ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-MPpage22_6-0)** ["Management Plan, Seal Bay and Cape Gantheaume Conservation Parks, Kangaroo Island, South Australia"](http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/9fbaeba4-b9cf-436f-8d78-9e4f00b1ef55/PARKS_PDFS_SEAL_BAY_GANTHEA_MP.pdf) (PDF). 1977: 22. Retrieved 13 May 2014. {{[cite journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_journal)}}: Cite journal requires |journal= ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Goldsworthy, Simon D; Shaughnessy, Peter D. ["Abundance of New Zealand fur seal pups in the Cape Gantheaume Wilderness Protection Area, Kangaroo Island: 2011-12 breeding season"](http://www.sardi.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/214529/NZ_Fur_Seal_Pups_Report_-_FINAL.pdf) (PDF). p. 21. Retrieved 13 May 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Robinson, A. C.; Armstrong, D. M., eds. (1999). [*A Biological Survey of Kangaroo Island, South Australia, 1989 & 1990*](http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/fb13b9bf-5c8e-445c-9c3c-a1c600c14815/ki-biological-survey-climate-geology-landuse-gen.pdf) (PDF). Adelaide, SA: Heritage and Biodiversity Section, Department for Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs, South Australia. pp. 34–35. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-7308-5862-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7308-5862-6). Retrieved 1 May 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Watson, Captain J.H. (4 November 1905). ["How Trafalgar affected Australia"](http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article136670551). *The World's News (Sydney, NSW)*. p. 7. Retrieved 18 May 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-page119_10-0)** Robinson, A. C.; Canty, P.; Mooney, T.; Rudduck, P. (1996). ["South Australia's offshore islands"](http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/5a7dbb25-70b9-4ceb-bbfd-a25800961994/offshore-islands-gen.pdf) (PDF). Australian Heritage Commission. p. 119. Retrieved 13 December 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Moves to protect seals"](http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article131248499). *The News*. Adelaide, SA. 17 August 1954. p. 12. Retrieved 14 May 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["GOVT. MOVES ON SEAL 'MASSACRE'"](http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article47599270). *The Advertiser*. Adelaide, SA. 29 October 1954. p. 1. Retrieved 14 May 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-MPpage13_13-0)** ["Management Plan, Seal Bay and Cape Gantheaume Conservation Parks, Kangaroo Island, South Australia"](http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/9fbaeba4-b9cf-436f-8d78-9e4f00b1ef55/PARKS_PDFS_SEAL_BAY_GANTHEA_MP.pdf) (PDF). 1977: 13. Retrieved 13 May 2014. {{[cite journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_journal)}}: Cite journal requires |journal= ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical))

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-2012-13report_14-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-2012-13report_14-1) ["Wilderness Advisory Committee Annual Report 2012-13"](http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/5ad5624b-73b3-4284-86e0-a28900c9111c/wilderness-annual-report-2012-13-rep.pdf) (PDF). *Annual Report*: 15. September 2013. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1832-9357](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1832-9357). Retrieved 17 March 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** ["Management Plan, Seal Bay and Cape Gantheaume Conservation Parks, Kangaroo Island, South Australia"](http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/9fbaeba4-b9cf-436f-8d78-9e4f00b1ef55/PARKS_PDFS_SEAL_BAY_GANTHEA_MP.pdf) (PDF). 1977: 13–14. Retrieved 13 May 2014. {{[cite journal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_journal)}}: Cite journal requires |journal= ([help](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** ["TREKKING INFORMATION SHEET - Cape Gantheaume Coastal Trek"](http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/1ca7a332-8ba6-4eb5-a0bf-9e4f00b47ff3/PARKS_PDFS_KI_TREKKING.pdf) (PDF). Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 18 May 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** ["Southern Kangaroo Island Marine Park Management Plan 2012"](http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/68e0453b-376d-4429-a4dd-a11700a21e42/mp-gen-17southernkangarooisland-managementplan.pdf) (PDF). Department of Environment Water and Natural Resources. 2012. pp. 25/26. Retrieved 13 May 2014.

v t e Kangaroo Island Major townships American River Kingscote Parndana Penneshaw Beaches American Beach Baudin Beach Brown Beach D'Estrees Bay Emu Bay Island Beach Nepean Bay Vivonne Bay Coastal features Western end of island Cape Borda Cape du Couedic Cape Gantheaume D'Estrees Bay Fides Bluff Maupertuis Bay Nepean Bay Pelican Lagoon Point Marsden Ravine des Casoars Stokes Bay Vivonne Bay Dudley Peninsula Cape St Albans Cape Willoughby Kangaroo Head Moncrieff Bay Pink Bay Protected areas National parks Flinders Chase Conservation parks Baudin Beatrice Islet Beyeria Busby Islet Cape Gantheaume Cape Willoughby Cygnet Estuary Dudley Kelly Hill Lashmar Lathami Lesueur Mount Taylor Nepean Bay Parndana Pelican Lagoon Seal Bay Seddon Simpson Vivonne Bay Marine parks Encounter Western Kangaroo Island Southern Kangaroo Island Wilderness Protection Areas Cape Bouguer Cape Gantheaume Cape Torrens Ravine des Casoars Western River Islands adjacent to Kangaroo Island coast Beatrice Islets Busby Islet Casuarina Islets Douglas Rock Nobby Islet Paisley Islet Pelican Lagoon Islets Pelorus Islet Related and uncategorised 2007 Kangaroo Island bushfires County of Carnarvon Fleurieu and Kangaroo Island Hundred of Dudley Kangaroo Island Council Kangaroo Island wine region Kingscote Airport Middle River Reservoir Category Commons

v t e Australian places named by French explorers in the 18th and 19th centuries South Australia Cape Bedout Cape Borda Cape Bouguer Cape Carnot Casuarina Islets (Îlots du Cassuarina) Cape du Couedic D'Estrees Bay (Baie d'Estrées) Dorothee Island (Île Dorothée) Fenelon Island Fleurieu Peninsula Cape Forbin Cape Gantheaume Guichen Bay (Baie de Guichen) Jussieu Peninsula Lacepede Bay Masillon Island Maupertuis Bay (Baie Maupertuis) Ravine des Casoars Rivoli Bay (Baie de Rivoli) Cape Thevenard Veteran Isles (Île du Vétéran) Vivonne Bay (Baie Vivonne) Western Australia Adele Island Bernier Island Bonaparte Archipelago Bonaparte Gulf Cape Bossut Cape Bouvard Cape Clairault Faure Island Cape Freycinet Freycinet Harbour Gantheaume Point Geographe Bay Hamelin Pool Institut Islands Cape Keraudren Lagrange Bay Lancelin Island Cape Latouche Treville Legendre Island Cape Leveque L'Haridon Bight Cape Mentelle Middle Island (Îles du Milieu) Montalivet Islands Montebello Islands Cape Naturaliste Peron Peninsula Recherche Archipelago (Archipel de la Recherche) Taillefer Isthmus Thevenard Island Only places with the name still in use in either the original or anglicised version are listed above. Many names have been anglicised; for these the original French name appears in brackets.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Cape Gantheaume](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Gantheaume) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Gantheaume?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.