# Canoeing > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Canoeing > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Canoeing.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoeing > Source revision: 1324132701 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) Activity of paddling a canoe "Paddler" redirects here. For the fictional character voiced by Matt Berry, see [The Wild Robot § Voice cast](/source/The_Wild_Robot#Voice_cast). Canoeing Canoeing at the 2024 Summer Olympics Highest governing body International Canoe Federation Presence Olympic 1936–present Paralympic 2016–present World Games Canoe polo: 2005–present Pictogram for [Canoeing at the Summer Olympics](/source/Canoeing_at_the_Summer_Olympics) **Canoeing** is an activity which involves [paddling](/source/Paddling) a [canoe](/source/Canoe) with a single-bladed [paddle](/source/Paddle). In some parts of Europe, canoeing refers to both canoeing and [kayaking](/source/Kayaking), with a canoe being called an 'open canoe' or '[Canadian](/source/Canadian_(canoe))'. A few of the recreational forms of canoeing are [canoe camping](/source/Canoe_camping) and [canoe racing](/source/Canoe_sprint). Other forms include a wide range of canoeing on lakes, rivers, oceans, ponds and streams. ## History of organized recreational canoeing Canoeing is an ancient mode of transportation.[1] Modern recreational canoeing was established in the late 19th century. Among early promoters of canoeing as a sport was [Carl Smith](/source/Carl_Smith_(canoeing)), who introduced canoeing to Sweden in the 1880s. In 1924, canoeing associations from Austria, Germany, Denmark, and Sweden founded the *Internationalen Representation for Kanusport*, the forerunner of the [International Canoe Federation](/source/International_Canoe_Federation) (ICF).[2] Canoeing became part of the [Olympic Games](/source/Olympic_Games) in the [1936 Summer Olympics](/source/Canoeing_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics).[3][4] which featured [canoe sprint](/source/Canoe_sprint) using a [sprint canoe](/source/Sprint_canoe).[5] Others competitive disciplines include [canoe polo](/source/Canoe_polo), [whitewater canoeing](/source/Whitewater_canoeing), [canoe marathon](/source/Canoe_marathon), [ICF canoe marathon](/source/ICF_canoe_marathon), and [playboating](/source/Playboating).[6] More than 170 national canoe associations and federations are members of the ICF, including the [American](/source/American_Canoe_Association), [Canadian](/source/Canadian_Canoe_Association), [British](/source/British_Canoe_Union), [Scottish](/source/Scottish_Canoe_Association), and [Welsh](/source/Welsh_Canoe_Association).[7] - Historical images of canoeing - The tsar [Nicholas II](/source/Nicholas_II) and three of his daughters canoeing in the [Alexander park](/source/Alexander_Park_(Tsarskoye_Selo)), May 1913 - Canoeing in the USA, 1920s ## Recreational canoeing People canoeing at Lake Kokkojärvi in [Lieksa](/source/Lieksa), Finland A canoeist on the Ramapo River, New York State, USA. Most present-day canoeing is done as or as a part of a sport or recreational activity. In some parts of Europe, canoeing refers to both canoeing and kayaking,[8][9] with a canoe being called an open canoe[10] or Canadian.[11] Recreational forms of canoeing include [canoe camping](/source/Canoe_camping). Other forms include a wide range of canoeing on lakes, rivers, oceans, ponds, and streams. ## Competition Competitive forms of canoeing include canoe racing such as canoe sprint and [canoe marathons](/source/Canoe_marathon). The [summer Olympics](/source/Summer_Olympics) include [canoeing competitions](/source/Canoeing_at_the_Summer_Olympics). [Canoe slalom](/source/Canoe_slalom) (previously known as [whitewater](/source/Whitewater) slalom) is a competitive sport with the aim to navigate a decked canoe or kayak through a course of hanging downstream or upstream gates on the river [rapids](/source/Rapids) in the fastest time possible. It is one of the two kayak and canoeing disciplines at the Summer Olympics and is referred to by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as canoe slalom or canoe/kayak slalom.[12] The other Olympic canoeing discipline is the canoe sprint. In his lifetime, according to the [Guinness Book of World Records](/source/Guinness_Book_of_World_Records), [Verlen Kruger](/source/Verlen_Kruger) paddled the most miles (over 100,000 miles) of anyone in the sport.[13] ## See also - [List of sprint canoeists by country](/source/List_of_sprint_canoeists_by_country) - [Outline of canoeing and kayaking](/source/Outline_of_canoeing_and_kayaking) - [Canoe paddle strokes](/source/Canoe_paddle_strokes) - [Kayak](/source/Kayak) - [Canadian (canoe)](/source/Canadian_(canoe)) ## References 1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** Nyabongo, A. K. (1943). ["The Role of the Canoe"](https://www.jstor.org/stable/44214297). *Negro History Bulletin*. **7** (1): 10–23. [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0028-2529](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-2529). [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [44214297](https://www.jstor.org/stable/44214297). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Dudley, Marianna (1 September 2017). [""Muddying the waters: recreational conflict and rights of use of British rivers""](https://doi.org/10.1007/s12685-017-0193-2). *Water History*. **9** (3): 259–277. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2017WatHi...9..259D](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017WatHi...9..259D). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1007/s12685-017-0193-2](https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12685-017-0193-2). [hdl](/source/Hdl_(identifier)):[1983/d36c7fb8-a502-4b08-89fe-e535e09bbd21](https://hdl.handle.net/1983%2Fd36c7fb8-a502-4b08-89fe-e535e09bbd21). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [1877-7244](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1877-7244). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [151360522](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:151360522). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Canoe/Kayak Sprint Equipment and History"](http://www.olympic.org/canoe-kayak-sprint-equipment-and-history?tab=history). International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 28 May 2016. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Rio 2016 Olympics: Know your sport — Canoeing"](http://indianexpress.com/sports/rio-2016-olympics/know-your-sport-canoeing-2951642/). *The Indian Express*. 3 August 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2016. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** [1936 Summer Olympics Official Report](https://web.archive.org/web/20070709225735/http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1936/1936v2sum.pdf) (PDF) (Report). Vol. 2. pp. 1020–9. Archived from [the original](http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1936/1936v2sum.pdf) (PDF) on 9 July 2007. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["About ICF events - competition levels"](https://www.canoeicf.com/about-icf-events-competition-levels). *[International Canoe Federation](/source/International_Canoe_Federation)*. 5 January 2021. Retrieved 6 December 2024. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["About the International Canoe Federation (ICF)"](https://www.canoeicf.com/about-international-canoe-federation-icf). *[International Canoe Federation](/source/International_Canoe_Federation)*. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2024. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Rebecca (3 April 2024). ["Kayak vs Canoe | Tips for choosing whether to buy a canoe or kayak"](https://gopaddling.info/blog/tips-and-advice/general-paddling/canoe-vs-kayak-which-should-i-buy/). *Go Paddling*. Retrieved 6 December 2024. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["About the International Canoe Federation (ICF)"](https://www.canoeicf.com/about-international-canoe-federation-icf). *[International Canoe Federation](/source/International_Canoe_Federation)*. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2024. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Open Canoe Association UK"](https://www.opencanoe.info/). *Open Canoe Association*. Retrieved 6 December 2024. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** [*1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Canoe*](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Canoe). 1911 – via [Wikisource](/source/Wikisource). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** ["Canoe Slalom"](https://olympics.com/en/sports/canoe-kayak-slalom/). *[Olympics](/source/Olympics)*. Retrieved 6 December 2024. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** canoekayakmag (9 August 2004). ["Obituary: Verlen Kruger Remembered"](http://www.canoekayak.com/canoe/krugerobit/). *Canoe & Kayak*. Retrieved 25 June 2014. ## External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Canoeing](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Canoeing). Wikivoyage has a travel guide for ***[Canoeing](https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Canoeing#Q20856109)***. - [International Canoe Federation (ICF)](http://www.canoeicf.com/) - [CanoeResults.eu](http://www.canoeresults.eu/) (results of mayor canoe competitions) v t e Canoeing and kayaking Main disciplines Canoe sprint Canoe slalom Canoe marathon Canoe polo Wildwater canoeing Canoe sailing Canoe freestyle Paracanoe Olympics Summer Olympics Male medalists Female medalists Venues Other disciplines Creeking Dragon boating Nouka Baich Paddleboarding Surf skiing Surf kayaking Snow boating Squirt boating Standup paddleboarding ICF championships Sprint (Men's Canadian medalists Women's Canadian medalists Men's kayak medalists Women's kayak medalists Paracanoe medalists) Slalom (Men's canoe medalists Women's canoe medalists Men's kayak medalists Women's kayak medalists Mixed canoe medalists) Slalom Junior & U23 Marathon (Men's canoe medalists Women's canoe medalists Men's kayak medalists Women's kayak medalists) Ocean Racing Wildwater canoeing Recreation Small-craft sailing Whitewater canoeing / kayaking Sea kayaking Canoe camping Kayak fishing Canoe and kayak diving Dongola racing Canoe orienteering Canoe livery Modern boats Canoe Kayak Concrete canoe Flyak Folding kayak International Canoe Malia Recreational kayak Sprint canoe Traditional boats Aleutian kayak Cayuco Chundan vallam Dugout Fur brigade Outrigger canoe Pacific Northwest Rabaska Sturgeon-nosed canoe Taimen Umiak Waka War canoe Swan boat Techniques Canoe paddle strokes Eskimo Rescue Kayak roll Portage Equipment Albano buoy system Outrigger Paddle Paddle float Paddle leash Royalex Sea sock Spray deck Tuilik Venues Artificial whitewater Canoeing and kayaking venues Competitions List of world records in canoeing Adirondack Canoe Classic Au Sable River Canoe Marathon Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon Dusi Canoe Marathon Hawkesbury Canoe Classic Liffey Descent Canoe Race Massive Murray Paddle National Student Rodeo Thameside Series Waterside Series Riverland Paddling Marathon Festivals Canadian International Dragon Boat Festival Duanwu Festival Hong Kong Dragon Boat Festival in New York Houston Dragon Boat Festival Lethbridge Dragon Boat Festival Ottawa Dragon Boat Festival Toronto International Dragon Boat Race Festival Governing bodies European Canoe Association American Canoe Association Paddle Australia Paddle UK British Dragon Boat Racing Association Canoe Kayak Canada Canoe Wales Croatian Canoe Federation Israel Canoe Association Scottish Canoe Association Portuguese Canoe Federation Other organisations Canadian Canoe Museum International Dragon Boat Federation Sir Alexander Mackenzie Canada Sea-to-Sea Bicentennial Expeditions UK Rivers Access Campaign Media La Chasse-galerie Paddle-to-the-Sea (film) The Rise and Fall of the Great Lakes Waterwalker Outline v t e Summer Olympic sports Mandatory sports Aquatics Artistic Diving Marathon Swimming Swimming Water polo Archery Athletics Badminton Basketball 3x3 Boxing Canoeing Canoe slalom Canoe sprint Cycling BMX racing Freestyle BMX Mountain biking Road cycling Track cycling Equestrian Dressage Eventing Show jumping Fencing Field hockey Football Golf Gymnastics Artistic gymnastics Rhythmic gymnastics Trampolining Handball Judo Modern pentathlon Rowing Rugby sevens Sailing Shooting Skateboarding Sport climbing Surfing Table tennis Taekwondo Tennis Triathlon Volleyball Beach volleyball Weightlifting Wrestling Freestyle wrestling Greco-Roman wrestling Discretionary sports Baseball / Softball Cricket Flag football Lacrosse Squash See also: Paralympic sports and Winter Olympic sports v t e Sports of the World Games program Artistic and dance sports Cheerleading Dancesport Inline freestyle skating Gymnastics Acrobatic gymnastics Aerobic gymnastics Parkour Trampolining Tumbling Ball sports Beach handball Canoe polo Fistball Flag football Floorball Korfball Lacrosse sixes Racquetball Softball Squash Martial arts Ju-jitsu Karate Kickboxing Muaythai Sambo Wushu Precision sports Archery Billiard sports Boules sports Strength sports Powerlifting Tug of war Trend sports Air sports Drone racing Canoe sports Canoe marathon Dragon boat Duathlon Finswimming Flying disc Disc golf Ultimate Inline hockey Lifesaving Orienteering Powerboating Speed roller skating Road Track Sport climbing Water skiing Wakeboarding Past official sports Air sports Parachuting Paragliding Paramotoring Gliding Artistic roller skating Badminton Baseball Beach volleyball Bodybuilding Bowling Casting Field lacrosse (women) Gymnastics Rhythmic Indoor cycling Artistic cycling Cycle ball Netball Raffa Roller hockey Rugby sevens Sumo Taekwondo Triathlon Weightlifting (women) Wheelchair rugby Invitational sports (never made official) Aikido American football Baton twirling Boomerang Equestrian vaulting Gateball Indoor field hockey Indoor motorcycle trials Indoor rowing Military pentathlon Minigolf Motocross Motorcycle speedway Pesäpallo Tchoukball Water polo (women) Sports at the World Games International World Games Association Authority control databases National Czech Republic Other NARA --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Canoeing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoeing) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoeing?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.