# Canaba

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{{short description|Settlement surrounding a Roman legionnary fortress}}
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A '''{{lang|la|canaba}}''' (plural '''{{lang|la|canabae}}''')<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brill's New Pauly Online |url=https://referenceworks.brill.com/display/db/npoe |access-date=2024-11-28 |website=referenceworks |language=en}}</ref> was the [Latin](/source/Latin) term for a hut or hovel and was later (from the time of [Hadrian](/source/Hadrian))<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mason |first=D. J. P. |date=1987 |title=Chester: The Canabae Legionis |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/526442 |journal=Britannia |volume=18 |pages=143–168 |doi=10.2307/526442 |issn=0068-113X|url-access=subscription }}</ref> used typically to mean a town that emerged as a civilian settlement ({{lang|la|canabae legionis}}) in the vicinity of a [Roman legion](/source/Roman_legion)ary fortress ({{lang|la|[castrum](/source/castra)}}).<ref>THE NIJMEGEN Canabae Legionis (71-102/105 AD), MILITARY AND CIVILIAN LIFE ON THE FRONTIER, PAUL FRANZEN, Limes XX, Int. Congress on Roman Frontier Studies, Leon 2006.</ref>

thumb|400px|Location of legions and their Canabae in 80 AD

A settlement that grew up outside a smaller Roman fort was called a {{lang|la|[vicus](/source/vicus)}} (village, plural {{lang|la|vici}}). {{lang|la|Canabae}} were also often divided into {{lang|la|vici}}.

Permanent forts attracted military dependants and civilian contractors who serviced the base and needed housing;  
traders, artisans, sellers of food and drink, prostitutes, and also unofficial wives of soldiers and their children and hence most forts had {{lang|la|vici}} or {{lang|la|canabae}}. Many of these communities became towns through [synoecism](/source/synoecism) with other communities, some in use today.

{{Main|List of Roman legions}}

Some Canabae of Legionary Fortresses:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legionaryfortresses.info/ |title=Home |website=legionaryfortresses.info}}</ref>
* Canabae of [Deva Victrix](/source/Deva_Victrix), later [Chester](/source/Chester), England
* Canabae of [Isca Silurium](/source/Isca_Augusta), later [Caerleon](/source/Caerleon), [Wales](/source/Wales)
* Canabae of [Novae](/source/Novae_(fortress)), Bulgaria
* Canabae of [Vindobona](/source/Vindobona), later [Vienna](/source/Vienna)
* Canabae of [Argentoratum](/source/Argentoratum), later [Strasbourg](/source/Strasbourg)
* Canabae of [Nijmegen](/source/Nijmegen), Netherlands
* Canabae of [Troesmis](/source/Troesmis), Romania<ref>C.-G. Alexandrescu (Hrsg.), https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311901643_The_Troesmis-Project_2011-2015_-_Research_Questions_and_Methodology_in_C-G_Alexandrescu_Hrsg_Troesmis_-_a_changing_landscape_Romans_and_the_Others_in_the_Lower_Danube_Region_in_the_First_Century_BC_-_</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

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Category:Ancient Roman city planning
Category:Military life
Category:Types of Roman towns and cities

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Canaba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaba) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaba?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.