# Calabarzon > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Calabarzon > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Calabarzon.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calabarzon > Source revision: 1356851299 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Administrative region of the Philippines}} {{For|the historical region|Southern Tagalog}} {{Use Philippine English|date=June 2020}} {{Use mdy dates|date=May 2023}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Calabarzon | official_name = | other_name = Southern Tagalog | settlement_type = [Region](/source/Regions_of_the_Philippines) | image_skyline = {{multiple image | border = infobox | total_width = 280 | image_style = border:1; | perrow = 1/2/2/2 | image1 = Kawit - Aguinaldo Shrine.jpg | image2 = Raring to go under Pagsanjan falls.jpg | image3 = Volcanic Cone in Taal Lake in the Philippines - 2010-05-15.jpg | image4 = Puente de Malagonlong.jpg | image5 = Hinulugang Taktak National Park falls top (Dela Paz, Antipolo, Rizal; 02-06-2024).jpg }} Clockwise (from the top): [Aguinaldo Shrine](/source/Aguinaldo_Shrine) in [Cavite](/source/Cavite), [Taal Volcano](/source/Taal_Volcano) in [Batangas](/source/Batangas), [Hinulugang Taktak](/source/Hinulugang_Taktak) in [Rizal](/source/Rizal_(province)), [Malagonlong Bridge](/source/Malagonlong_Bridge) in [Quezon](/source/Quezon), and [Pagsanjan Falls](/source/Pagsanjan_Falls) in [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)) | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_size = 120x80px | image_seal = | seal_size = 100x80px | image_map = {{PH wikidata|image_map}} | map_caption = Location in the Philippines | nickname = | motto = ''Calabarzon sa Habang Panahon!'' (Calabarzon Forever!) | coordinates = {{coord|region:PH|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{PHL}} | subdivision_type1 = [Island group](/source/Island_groups_of_the_Philippines) | subdivision_name1 = [Luzon](/source/Luzon) | seat_type = Regional center | seat = [Calamba](/source/Calamba%2C_Laguna) | leader_title = | leader_name = | area_total_km2 = {{PH wikidata|area}} | area_footnotes = |population_rank = [1st](/source/Regions_of_the_Philippines) | population_as_of = {{PH wikidata|population_as_of}} | population_total = {{PH wikidata|population_total}} | population_footnotes = {{PH census|2015}} | population_density_km2 = auto | demographics_type1 = GDP {{Nobold|(Nominal, 2024)}} | demographics1_footnotes = | demographics1_title1 = Total | demographics1_info1 = [US$](/source/US%24)65.2 billion{{Cite web |title=2022 to 2024 Gross Regional Domestic Product |url=https://psa.gov.ph/system/files/pad/2024%20GRDP%20Publication.pdf |publisher=[Philippine Statistics Authority](/source/Philippine_Statistics_Authority)}} | demographics1_title2 = Per capita | demographics1_info2 = US$3,831 | timezone = [PST](/source/Philippine_Standard_Time) | utc_offset = +8 | iso_code = PH-40 | blank_name_sec1 = [Provinces](/source/Provinces_of_the_Philippines) | blank_info_sec1 = {{Collapsible list | titlestyle = font-weight:normal;text-align:left;background-color:WhiteSmoke; | title = 5 | [Batangas](/source/Batangas) | [Cavite](/source/Cavite) | [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)) | [Quezon](/source/Quezon) | [Rizal](/source/Rizal_(province)) }} | blank1_name_sec1 = [Independent cities](/source/Cities_of_the_Philippines) | blank1_info_sec1 = {{Collapsible list | titlestyle = font-weight:normal;text-align:left;background-color:WhiteSmoke; | title = 1 | [Lucena](/source/Lucena) }} | blank2_name_sec1 = [Component cities](/source/Cities_of_the_Philippines) | blank2_info_sec1 = {{Collapsible list | titlestyle = font-weight:normal;text-align:left;background-color:WhiteSmoke; | title = 21 | [Antipolo](/source/Antipolo) | [Bacoor](/source/Bacoor) | [Batangas City](/source/Batangas_City) | [Biñan](/source/Bi%C3%B1an) | [Cabuyao](/source/Cabuyao) | [Calaca](/source/Calaca%2C_Batangas) | [Calamba](/source/Calamba%2C_Laguna) | [Carmona](/source/Carmona%2C_Cavite) | [Cavite City](/source/Cavite_City) | [Dasmariñas](/source/Dasmari%C3%B1as) | [General Trias](/source/General_Trias) | [Imus](/source/Imus) | [Lipa](/source/Lipa%2C_Batangas) | [San Pablo](/source/San_Pablo%2C_Laguna) | [San Pedro](/source/San_Pedro%2C_Laguna) | [Santa Rosa](/source/Santa_Rosa%2C_Laguna) | [Santo Tomas](/source/Santo_Tomas%2C_Batangas) | [Tagaytay](/source/Tagaytay) | [Tanauan](/source/Tanauan%2C_Batangas) | [Tayabas](/source/Tayabas) | [Trece Martires](/source/Trece_Martires) }} | blank3_name_sec1 = [Municipalities](/source/Municipalities_of_the_Philippines) | blank3_info_sec1 = 120 | blank4_name_sec1 = [Barangay](/source/Barangay)s | blank4_info_sec1 = 4,019 | blank5_name_sec1 = [Congressional districts](/source/Congressional_districts_of_the_Philippines) | blank5_info_sec1 = 19 | blank_name_sec2 = [Native languages](/source/Languages_of_the_Philippines) | blank_info_sec2 = {{hlist|item-style=white-space:nowrap;|[Tagalog](/source/Tagalog_language)|[Chavacano](/source/Chavacano)|[Hatang Kayi](/source/hatang_Kayi_language)|[Manide](/source/Manide_language)|[Umiray Dumaget](/source/Umiray_Dumaget_language)|[Ayta Kadi](/source/Inagta_Alabat_language){{Cite web |title=Áyta Kadí |url=https://kwfwikaatkultura.ph/ayta-kadi/ |access-date=June 8, 2025 |website=kwfwikaatkultura.ph |language=fil}}|}} | blank2_name_sec2 = [HDI](/source/Human_Development_Index) | blank2_info_sec2 = {{increase}} 0.734 ({{fontcolor|green|High}}){{cite web |title=Subnational HDI - Philippines - Table - Global Data Lab |url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/PHL/?levels=1+4&years=2023&interpolation=0&extrapolation=0 |website=globaldatalab.org |access-date=26 November 2025}} | blank3_name_sec2 = HDI rank | blank3_info_sec2 = [3rd](/source/List_of_Philippine_provinces_and_regions_by_Human_Development_Index) (2023) | website = | seat1_type = Largest city | seat1 = [Antipolo](/source/Antipolo) | elevation_max_point = [Mount Banahaw](/source/Mount_Banahaw) | elevation_max_ft = 7,120 | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 6 }} '''Calabarzon''' (officially stylized in [all caps](/source/all_caps);{{Cite web |date=May 17, 2002 |title=Executive Order No. 1 – Dividing Region IV Into Region IV-A and Region IV-B, Transferring the Province of Aurora to Region III and for Other Purposes |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2002/05/17/executive-order-no-103-s-2002/ |access-date=May 10, 2023 |website=[Official Gazette (Philippines)](/source/Official_Gazette_(Philippines)) |publisher=[Office of the President of the Philippines](/source/Office_of_the_President_of_the_Philippines)}} {{IPAc-en|lang|ˌ|k|ɑː|l|ə|b|ɑːr|ˈ|z|ɒ|n}}; {{IPA|tl|kalɐbaɾˈsɔn|lang}}), sometimes referred to as '''Southern Tagalog'''Sources using ''Calabarzon'' and ''Southern Tagalog'' interchangeably: *{{Cite news |last=Nepomuceno |first=Priam |date=January 18, 2021 |title=3 NPA fronts in Southern Tagalog dismantled |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1127663 |access-date=May 10, 2023 |work=[Philippine News Agency](/source/Philippine_News_Agency) |quote=The military has dismantled three New People's Army (NPA) guerrilla fronts in the '''Southern Tagalog''' region... The dismantling of these fronts has put an end to the NPA's terroristic activities in most parts of Region 4-A ('''Calabarzon''').}} *{{Cite news |date=March 8, 2021 |title=Malacañang vows probe on deaths of activists in Calabarzon |url=https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/3/8/Southern-Tagalog-killings-probe-Duterte-shoot-to-kill-order-communists-legal.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221228002350/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/news/2021/3/8/Southern-Tagalog-killings-probe-Duterte-shoot-to-kill-order-communists-legal.html |archive-date=December 28, 2022 |access-date=May 10, 2023 |work=[CNN Philippines](/source/CNN_Philippines) |quote=Malacañang assured the public an investigation is underway on the deaths of activists in the '''Southern Tagalog''' region... In his briefing on Monday, Presidential Spokesperson Harry Roque said the government is obligated to probe the killings, which happened during simultaneous police operations in '''Calabarzon''' over the weekend.}} *{{Cite news |date=October 22, 2022 |title=Moderate to heavy rains expected in Metro Manila, Calabarzon |url=https://www.abs-cbn.com/news/10/26/22/moderate-to-heavy-rains-expected-in-metro-manila-calabarzon |access-date=May 10, 2023 |work=[ABS-CBN News](/source/ABS-CBN_News) |quote=Moderate to heavy rains are expected over Metro Manila and '''southern Tagalog''' due to the effect of shearline and trough of a low pressure area (LPA)... In its 11 p.m. weather advisory, PAGASA said moderate to heavy with at times intense rains may persist over Metro Manila and '''Calabarzon'''.}} ({{langx|tl|Timog Katagalugan}}{{Cite news |last=Andal |first=Rudy |date=August 2, 2018 |title=Libong OFWs dumagsa sa DOLE |trans-title=Thousands of OFWs flock to DOLE |url=https://www.philstar.com/pilipino-star-ngayon/bansa/2018/08/02/1838983/libong-ofws-dumagsa-sa-dole |access-date=May 10, 2023 |work=[Pilipino Star Ngayon](/source/Pilipino_Star_Ngayon) |language=tl}}) and designated as '''Region IV{{nbh}}A''',{{efn|Calabarzon (Region IV-A) and [Mimaropa](/source/Mimaropa) (formerly Region IV-B) were formed through the division of the former [Southern Tagalog](/source/Southern_Tagalog) region (Region IV). The designation ''Region IV-B'' was officially dropped in 2016 through Republic Act No. 10879. However, the law did not include any provision concerning Region IV-A, thereby maintaining the ''[status quo](/source/status_quo)'' with respect to Calabarzon. For a brief period following the division, the designation ''Region IV-A'' was also used for Southern Tagalog when it functioned as a sub-region of [Metro Manila](/source/Metro_Manila).}} is an [administrative region](/source/Regions_of_the_Philippines) in the Philippines. It is situated southeast of [Metro Manila](/source/Metro_Manila) and is bordered by [Manila Bay](/source/Manila_Bay) and the [South China Sea](/source/South_China_Sea) to the west, [Lamon Bay](/source/Lamon_Bay) and the [Bicol Region](/source/Bicol_Region) to the east, [Tayabas Bay](/source/Tayabas_Bay) and the [Sibuyan Sea](/source/Sibuyan_Sea) to the south, and [Central Luzon](/source/Central_Luzon) to the north. Comprising five [provinces](/source/Provinces_of_the_Philippines)—[Cavite](/source/Cavite), [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)), [Batangas](/source/Batangas), [Rizal](/source/Rizal_(province)), and [Quezon](/source/Quezon) (hence the acronym)—and one [highly urbanized city](/source/Cities_of_the_Philippines), [Lucena](/source/Lucena), it is the most populous region in the Philippines, according to the [2020 census](/source/2020_Philippine_census), with over 16.1 million inhabitants.{{PH census|2020|d}} It is also the country's second most densely populated region, after the [National Capital Region](/source/Metro_Manila).{{PH census|2020|d}} [Calamba](/source/Calamba%2C_Laguna) in Laguna serves as the regional center, while [Antipolo](/source/Antipolo) in Rizal is the most populous city in the region. Before its creation as a separate region, Calabarzon, along with the [Mimaropa](/source/Mimaropa) region, the province of [Aurora](/source/Aurora_(province)), and parts of Metro Manila, comprised the historical region known as [Southern Tagalog](/source/Southern_Tagalog) until they were [separated](/source/partition_(politics)) in 2002 through Executive Order No. 103. The history of the area now known as Calabarzon dates back to [early historic times](/source/History_of_the_Philippines_(900%E2%80%931565)).{{Cite book |last=Scott |first=William Henry |author-link=William Henry Scott (historian) |title=Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society |publisher=Ateneo de Manila University Press |year=1994 |isbn=971-550-135-4 |location=Quezon City}} Local historians{{Cite web |last=Tiongson |first=Jaime F. |date=November 29, 2006 |title=Pailah is Pila, Laguna |url=http://blog.bayangpinagpala.org/2006/11/pailah-is-pila-laguna.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707143824/http://blog.bayangpinagpala.org/2006/11/pailah-is-pila-laguna.html |archive-date=July 7, 2012 |access-date=November 18, 2011}} assert that three of the 10th century place-names mentioned in the Philippines' earliest known written document, the [Laguna Copperplate Inscription](/source/Laguna_Copperplate_Inscription), pertain to regions or polities (''bayan'') along the shores of [Laguna de Bay](/source/Laguna_de_Bay);{{Cite book |last=Dery |first=Luis Camara |title=A History of the Inarticulate |publisher=New Day Publishers |year=2001 |isbn=971-10-1069-0 |location=Quezon City}} and some [Filipino-Chinese](/source/Filipino-Chinese) scholars think the 10th century trading polity known as [Ma-i](/source/Ma-i) may actually have been the predecessor of the present day town of [Bay, Laguna](/source/Bay%2C_Laguna).{{Cite journal |last=Go |first=Bon Juan |date=2005 |title=Ma'I in Chinese Records - Mindoro or Bai? An Examination of a Historical Puzzle |url=http://www.philippinestudies.net/ojs/index.php/ps/article/download/216/223 |url-status=live |journal=Philippine Studies |publisher=Ateneo de Manila Press |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=119–138 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021221348/http://www.philippinestudies.net/ojs/index.php/ps/article/download/216/223 |archive-date=October 21, 2013}} Since the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines, the region has served as home to some of the most important Philippine historical figures, including the Philippine [national hero](/source/National_hero_of_the_Philippines), [José Rizal](/source/Jos%C3%A9_Rizal), who was born in Calamba. ==Etymology== The name ''Calabarzon'' is derived from the first syllables of [Cavite](/source/Cavite) (''Ca''), [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)) (''la''), and [Batangas](/source/Batangas) (''ba''), the first letter of [Rizal](/source/Rizal_(province)) (''r''), and the last syllable of [Quezon](/source/Quezon) (''zon'').{{cite web |date=May 17, 2002 |title=Executive Order No. 103, s. 2002 |url=https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/10/45545 |access-date=21 October 2025 |publisher=Supreme Court E-Library |quote=SECTION 2. Region IV-A shall be known as CALABARZON and shall be composed of the following provinces and cities: i. Batangas. ii. Cavite. iii. Laguna. iv. Quezon. v. Rizal.}} ==History== On June 5, 1901, a convention was called on whether or not the province of [Manila](/source/Manila) should annex the [district of Morong](/source/Morong_(district)), which was found to be unable to be self-sufficient as a province. Eventually, on June 11, ''Act No. 137'' of the [First Philippine Commission](/source/First_Philippine_Commission) abolished Morong and created a new province, named after the Philippines' national hero, Jose Rizal, who, coincidentally, was a native of Laguna. The new province comprised 29 municipalities, 17 from Manila and 12 from Morong. In 1902, [Macario Sakay](/source/Macario_Sakay), a veteran [Katipunan](/source/Katipunan) member, established the [Tagalog Republic](/source/Tagalog_Republic) in the mountains of Rizal. Ultimately, Sakay's Tagalog Republic ended in 1906 when he and his men were betrayed under the guise of holding a national assembly aimed at the self-determination of the Filipino people.[http://www.philstar.com/arts-and-culture/398993/mark-sakay-vilified-hero-our-war-americaPhilippine Star: The mark of Sakay: The vilified hero of our war with America], retrieved March 9, 2013 On September 7, 1946, the [Third Philippine Republic](/source/Third_Philippine_Republic) enacted ''Republic Act No. 14'', which renamed the province of Tayabas to ''Quezon'', in honor of [Manuel Quezon](/source/Manuel_Quezon),{{cite act |date=September 7, 1946 |title=An Act to Change the Name of the Province of Tayabas to Quezon |type=Republic Act |number=14 |url=http://laws.chanrobles.com/republicacts/1_republicacts.php?id=14 |access-date=April 12, 2017}} the second [President of the Philippines](/source/President_of_the_Philippines) and elected governor of Tayabas in 1906 and congressman of 1st district of Tayabas in 1907 and a native of [Baler](/source/Baler%2C_Aurora) (now part of [Aurora](/source/Aurora_(province))), formerly one of the towns of Quezon Province. In 1951, the northern part of Quezon became the sub-province Aurora, named after Quezon's [wife](/source/Aurora_Quezon), also a native of Baler.{{cite act |date=June 14, 1951 |title=An Act Creating the Subprovince of Aurora, Which Shall Comprise the Municipalities of Baler, Casiguran, Dipaculao and Maria Aurora, Province of Quezon |type= Republic Act |number=648 |url=http://laws.chanrobles.com/republicacts/1_republicacts.php?id=652 |access-date=April 12, 2017}} One obvious reason for creating the sub-province was the area's isolation from the rest of Quezon Province: there were no direct links to the rest of the province and much of the terrain was mountainous and heavily forested, which made the area relatively isolated, and its distance from Quezon's capital Lucena.{{Cite web |author=Edgardo Angara |title=Baler for All Time |url=https://www.aurora.ph/mobile/baler-aurora-book/index.html |website=www.aurora.ph}}{{Cite web |title=The Brief History of Aurora |url=https://ipedaurora.wordpress.com/home/page/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105124347/https://ipedaurora.wordpress.com/home/page/ |archive-date=2023-11-05 |access-date=2023-11-05}} On September 24, 1972, President [Ferdinand Marcos](/source/Ferdinand_Marcos) enacted ''Presidential Decree No. 1'', which organized the provinces into 11 regions as part of Marcos' Integrated Reorganization Plan.{{cite act |date=September 24, 1972 |title=Reorginazing the Executive Branch of the National Government |type=Presidential Decree |number=1 |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1972/09/24/presidential-decree-no-1-s-1972/ |access-date=April 12, 2017 }} {{Cite web |title=Presidential Decree No. 1, s. 1972 | Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1972/09/24/presidential-decree-no-1-s-1972/ |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928072949/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1972/09/24/presidential-decree-no-1-s-1972/ |archive-date=September 28, 2022 |access-date=May 22, 2020}} The IRP created Region IV, known as the [Southern Tagalog](/source/Southern_Tagalog) region, and was the largest region in the Philippines. At this time, Region IV consisted of Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, [Marinduque](/source/Marinduque), [Oriental Mindoro](/source/Oriental_Mindoro), [Occidental Mindoro](/source/Occidental_Mindoro), Quezon, Rizal, [Romblon](/source/Romblon), and [Palawan](/source/Palawan). In 1979, Aurora formally became a province independent of Quezon and was also included in Region IV.{{citation needed|date=February 2017}} On May 17, 2002, President [Gloria Macapagal Arroyo](/source/Gloria_Macapagal_Arroyo) signed ''Executive Order No. 103'', which reorganized the Southern Tagalog region. Due to its size, Region IV was split into two separate regions, Region IV-A (Calabarzon) and Region IV-B (Mimaropa). Aurora was transferred to Region III, [Central Luzon](/source/Central_Luzon), the province's geographic location; the total separation of Aurora from Quezon & transfer of Aurora to Central Luzon were the fulfillment of the wishes of the residents of the original Municipalities of Baler and Casiguran to be truly independent from the Quezon Province for the first time & the result of original formation of Pampanga since the Spanish occupation.{{Cite web |title=Aurora, Philippines – History |url=http://www.aurora.ph/mobile/history.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208033623/http://www.aurora.ph/mobile/history.html |archive-date=February 8, 2017 |access-date=February 7, 2017 |website=www.aurora.ph |language=en}} Many residents and government leaders of Aurora objected to the change, as Aurora maintains strong historical and cultural connections to the rest of Southern Tagalog, particularly Quezon Province, thus also of the memory of Manuel Quezon, and with that, Aurora residents self-identified with Quezon; but Aurora's transfer to Central Luzon means that geographically, the province is more accessible by land from [Nueva Ecija](/source/Nueva_Ecija) and of course, [San Fernando, Pampanga](/source/San_Fernando%2C_Pampanga), the regional capital of Central Luzon.{{cite news |last=Orejas |first=Tonette |title=EO attaching Aurora to C. Luzon assailed |url=https://www.aurora.ph/mobile/news/2002/jun-4.html |newspaper=Philippine Daily Inquirer |publisher=aurora.ph |quote=Sen. Edgardo Angara, Rep. Bellaflor Angara Castillo and Ricky Avanceña, grandson of the late President Manual Quezon, sought the scrapping of the executive order that transferred Aurora to Central Luzon... Angara, who hails from Aurora, called the order a "discretion of the historical, geographical and emotional ties of Aurora to the rest of Southern Tagalog, particularly Quezon province, but also of the memory of our first President, Manuel Quezon. Aurora the birthplace of the late President and his wife Doña Aurora Aragon, was a sub- province of Quezon until 1951... The province located on the eastern tip of Luzon and which faces the Pacific Ocean, is more accessible by land from Nueva Ecija, one of the Central Luzon's Provinces. It is one of the 20 poorest provinces in the country. However, Angara said Aurora residents have "consistently and publicly" identified themselves with Quezon.}} The next year, Arroyo signed ''Executive Order No. 246'', which declared [Calamba](/source/Calamba%2C_Laguna) as the regional center of the region.{{cite act |date=October 28, 2003 |title=Designating Calamba City as Regional Center of Region IV-A |type=Executive Order |number=246 |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2003/10/28/executive-order-no-246-s-2003/ |access-date=January 15, 2013 }} {{Cite web |title=Executive Order No. 246, s. 2003 | Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines |url=http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2003/10/28/executive-order-no-246-s-2003/ |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180522072112/http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2003/10/28/executive-order-no-246-s-2003/ |archive-date=May 22, 2018 |access-date=November 8, 2023}} On the other hand, Lucena is home to most of the branches of governmental agencies, businesses, banks and service facilities in the region. ==Geography== {{Main|Geography of the Philippines}} {{See also|Cavite#Geography| Laguna (province)#Geography| l2=Laguna § Geography| Batangas#Geography| Rizal (province)#Geography| Quezon#Geography}} The region is the 12th largest region in the Philippines, with an area of {{convert|16873.31|km2|abbr=on}}. The region itself is relatively flat, but also consists of coastal areas and highlands.{{Cite web |title=CALABARZON Region and Socio-Economic Profile |url=http://calabarzon.denr.gov.ph/index.php/about-us/regional-profile/reg-profile-physical-socio-eco |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170518144024/http://calabarzon.denr.gov.ph/index.php/about-us/regional-profile/reg-profile-physical-socio-eco |archive-date=May 18, 2017 |access-date=April 12, 2017 |publisher=Department of Environment and Natural Resources}} It is bordered by [Manila Bay](/source/Manila_Bay) in the west, [Metro Manila](/source/Metro_Manila), [Bulacan](/source/Bulacan), and [Aurora](/source/Aurora_(province)) in the north, [Lamon Bay](/source/Lamon_Bay) and [Bicol](/source/Bicol_Region) in the east, and the [Isla Verde Passage](/source/Isla_Verde_Passage) in the south. Each province in the region is composed of different environments, ranging from low coastal areas to rugged mountainous ones. thumb|A table showing the land area of provinces of Region IV – A CALABARZON Cavite is characterized by rolling hinterlands punctured by hills, with a shoreline bordering [Manila Bay](/source/Manila_Bay) and a rugged portion bordering Batangas near [Mount Pico de Loro](/source/Mount_Pico_de_Loro). [Tagaytay](/source/Tagaytay_Ridge) is located in Cavite, bordering [Alfonso](/source/Alfonso%2C_Cavite), [Silang](/source/Silang%2C_Cavite), [Calamba](/source/Calamba%2C_Laguna), and [Santa Rosa](/source/Santa_Rosa%2C_Laguna). [Mount Sungay](/source/Mount_Sungay) is the highest peak in the province and can be found in Tagaytay. There are nine islands in Cavite, most notable of which is the island of [Corregidor](/source/Corregidor). Historically a site of great strategic importance, Corregidor is found at the mouth of Manila Bay and is under the jurisdiction of [Cavite City](/source/Cavite_City). Laguna has rugged terrain, with narrow plains near the shores of [Laguna de Bay](/source/Laguna_de_Bay) and mountainous ranges further inland. Laguna de Bay is the largest lake in the Philippines, and is named after the town of [Bay](/source/Bay%2C_Laguna). Laguna is also home to [Mount Makiling](/source/Mount_Makiling), a [dormant volcano](/source/dormant_volcano) near [Los Baños](/source/Los_Ba%C3%B1os%2C_Laguna) reputed for its mystical properties. There are also a lot of [hot spring](/source/hot_spring)s near the Makiling area, especially in [San Pablo](/source/San_Pablo%2C_Laguna). Another famous landmark in Laguna are the [Pagsanjan Falls](/source/Pagsanjan_Falls), in [Cavinti](/source/Cavinti%2C_Laguna). The water from the Pagsanjan Falls comes from the [Bumbungan River](/source/Bumbungan_River). [Mount Banahaw](/source/Mount_Banahaw) borders Laguna and Quezon, and is similarly considered to be a [holy mountain](/source/Sacred_mountains) like Makiling. thumb|left|Aerial view of the Taal Volcano The Batangas area is mostly elevated, with small low flat lands and scattered mountain areas. Batangas is also home to the [Taal Volcano](/source/Taal_Volcano), a [complex volcano](/source/complex_volcano) and one of the 16 [Decade Volcanoes](/source/Decade_Volcanoes). The Taal Volcano is situated within [Taal Lake](/source/Taal_Lake), making Taal a third-order island, and possibly one of the largest in the world. Other islands in Batangas are [Verde Island](/source/Verde_Island), near the Isla Verde Passage, and [Fortune Island](/source/Fortune_Island_(Philippines)) in [Nasugbu](/source/Nasugbu%2C_Batangas). Batangas borders Cavite via Mount Pico de Loro, known for the views that could be found in its summit. [Mount Macolod](/source/Mount_Macolod) and [Mount Batulao](/source/Mount_Batulao) can also be found in Batangas. Rizal is situated north of Laguna de Bay, and consists of a mixture of valleys and mountain ranges, with flat low-lying areas in the western portion of the province near Manila. The eastern portion of Rizal has hills and ridges which form part of the [Sierra Madre](/source/Sierra_Madre_(Philippines)) range. [Talim Island](/source/Talim_Island), the largest island in Laguna de Bay, is under the jurisdiction of the province of Rizal. Quezon province is mountainous, with few plains and swamps, and the tail-end of the Sierra Madre running through it. Quezon is a narrow province, with the [Tayabas Isthmus](/source/Tayabas_Isthmus) comprising the southern part of the province and connecting it to the [Bicol Peninsula](/source/Bicol_Peninsula). The southern part also consists of the [Bondoc Peninsula](/source/Bondoc_Peninsula), sandwiched between the [Tayabas Bay](/source/Tayabas_Bay) and [Ragay Gulf](/source/Ragay_Gulf). {{Further|Mount Maburgos}} The largest islands in Quezon are the [Alabat](/source/Alabat_Island) and [Polillo](/source/Polillo_Island) islands, which are both located in [Lamon Bay](/source/Lamon_Bay), connecting to [Calauag Bay](/source/Calauag_Bay) of the town of [Calauag](/source/Calauag). Laguna shares a border with Quezon via Mount Banahaw. ==Administrative divisions== ===Provinces=== {{Stack|float=right|300px|thumb|Political map of Calabarzon}} Calabarzon comprises five provinces, 1 ''highly urbanized'' city, 21 ''component'' cities and 4,019 barangays. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="background-color:#FDFDFD;text-align:center;font-size:90%;border:1pt solid grey;" |- ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" colspan=2 class="unsortable" | Province {{font|{{small|or}} {{abbr|''HUC''|Highly urbanized city; administered independently from any province}}|css=font-weight:normal}} ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | Capital ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;white-space:nowrap;" class="unsortable" colspan=2 | Population {{small|(2020)}}{{PH census|2020}} ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" colspan=2 | Area{{Cite web |title=PSGC Interactive; List of Provinces |url=http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listprov.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111015112/http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listprov.asp |archive-date=January 11, 2013 |access-date=March 29, 2016 |website=[Philippine Statistics Authority](/source/Philippine_Statistics_Authority)}} ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" colspan=2 | Density ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | Cities ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | {{abbr|Muni.|Municipalities}} ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | {{abbr|Barangay|Barangays}} |- ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" colspan=2 | ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" colspan=2 | ! scope="col" style="border-style:none none solid solid;" | km2 ! scope="col" style="border-style:none solid solid none;white-space:nowrap;" class="unsortable" | sq mi ! scope="col" style="border-style:none none solid solid;" | /km2 ! scope="col" style="border-style:none solid solid none;white-space:nowrap;" class="unsortable" | /sq mi ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | {{Flag|Batangas}} | style="text-align:left;" | [Batangas City](/source/Batangas_City) | {{percent and number|2908494|16195042|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | {{convert|3115.05|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|2908494/3,115.05|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | 5 | 29 | 1,078 |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | {{Flag|Cavite}} | style="text-align:left;" |[Imus](/source/Imus) | {{percent and number|4344829|16195042|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | {{convert|1526.28|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|4344829/1,526.28|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | 8 | 15 | 829 |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | {{Flag|Laguna}} | style="text-align:left;" | [Santa Cruz](/source/Santa_Cruz%2C_Laguna) | {{percent and number|3382193|16195042|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | {{convert|1928.23|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|3382193/1,928.23|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | 6 | 24 | 681 |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | {{Flag|Quezon}} | style="text-align:left;" | [Lucena](/source/Lucena%2C_Philippines) † | {{percent and number|1950459|16195042|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | {{convert|8743.84|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|1950459/8,743.84|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | 1 | 39 | 1,209 |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" colspan=2 | {{Flag|Rizal}} | style="text-align:left;" | [Antipolo](/source/Antipolo) | {{percent and number|3330143|16195042|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | {{convert|1182.65|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|3330143/1,182.65|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | 1 | 13 | 189 |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:#FDFDFD;border-right:0;font-weight:normal;font-style:italic;" | 25px [Lucena](/source/Lucena%2C_Philippines) | style="text-align:right;border-left:0;" | † | — | {{percent and number|278924|16195042|disp=table|1|pad=yes}} | {{convert|80.21|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|278924/80.21|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | 1 | — | 33 |-class="sortbottom" ! scope="row" colspan=4 style="text-align:left;" | Total ! scope="col" style="text-align:right;" style="text-align:right;" | 16,195,042 ! scope="col" style="text-align:right;" | 16,576.26 ! scope="col" | {{convert|16576.26|km2|adj=ri2|disp=number|2}} ! scope="col" style="text-align:right;" | {{sigfig|16195042/16,576.26|2}} ! scope="col" style="text-align:right;" | {{convert|{{sigfig|16195042/16,576.26|2}}|PD/km2|disp=number}} ! scope="col" | 21 ! scope="col" | 122 ! scope="col" | 4,019 |-class="sortbottom" style="text-align:left;background-color:#F2F2F2;border-top:double grey;" | colspan=13 style="padding-left:1em;" | {{Color box|#FDFDFD|†|border=darkgray}} Lucena is a ''highly urbanized city''; figures are excluded from Quezon province. |} {{Calabarzon governors and vice governors}} ===Cities=== thumb|right|View of the City of Calamba, Laguna Calabarzon has 22 [cities](/source/Cities_of_the_Philippines) (21 ''component'' cities and 1 ''highly urbanized'' city of [Lucena](/source/Lucena%2C_Philippines)) in total, making it the region with the most cities amongst the Luzon regions. [Antipolo](/source/Antipolo) is the most populous city in the region, as well as the 6th most populous city of the whole Philippines, while Bacoor and San Pedro is the most densely populated cities in the whole region. A large section of Calabarzon is considered part of the [Greater Manila Area](/source/Greater_Manila_Area); while [Batangas City](/source/Batangas_City) is the center of the [Batangas metropolitan area](/source/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_the_Philippines). The region has a [gross regional product](/source/gross_regional_product) of [₱](/source/Philippine_peso)1.65 trillion (at current prices), which accounts for 17% of the national [GDP](/source/Gross_domestic_product).[http://www.nscb.gov.ph/grdp/2011/dataCharts/GRDP_Con_Reg_P_2011.xls GRDP by Region] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513111940/http://www.nscb.gov.ph/grdp/2011/dataCharts/GRDP_Con_Reg_P_2011.xls|date=May 13, 2013}}, National Statistical Coordination Board, retrieved March 10, 2013 On August 7, 2000, the municipality of [Los Baños, Laguna](/source/Los_Ba%C3%B1os%2C_Laguna), was declared as a "Special Science and Nature City of the Philippines"{{Cite web |title=Los Banos, Laguna - Science and Nature City |url=http://losbanos.gov.ph/ |access-date=October 29, 2012 |publisher=Losbanos.gov.ph}}{{Cite web |title=Information for Prospective Students | University of the Philippines Los Baños |url=http://old.uplb.edu.ph/prospective |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110155325/http://old.uplb.edu.ph/prospective |archive-date=November 10, 2012 |access-date=October 29, 2012 |publisher=Old.uplb.edu.ph}} through Presidential Proclamation No. 349{{Cite web |date=September 17, 2000 |title=Los Baños |url=http://www.lagunatravelguide.com/index.php?page=los-banos |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131226035041/http://www.lagunatravelguide.com/index.php?page=los-banos |archive-date=December 26, 2013 |access-date=October 29, 2012 |publisher=Laguna Travel Guide}} in recognition of its importance as a center for science and technology, being home to many prestigious educational, environmental and research institutions. This proclamation does not convert the municipality to a city or give it corporate powers that are accorded to other cities. {{unbulleted list | {{Color box|#BFF5FF|†|border=darkgray}} {{font|Regional center|size=90%}} }} {| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="text-align:center;background-color:#FDFDFD;font-size:90%;" |- ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | City ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | Population {{small|(2020)}}{{PH census|2020}} ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan=2 | Area{{Cite web |title=PSGC Interactive; List of Cities |url=http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listcity.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429190752/http://www.nscb.gov.ph/activestats/psgc/listcity.asp |archive-date=April 29, 2011 |access-date=March 30, 2016 |website=Philippine Statistics Authority}} ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" colspan=2 | Density ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | City class ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | Income class ! scope="col" style="border-bottom:none;" class="unsortable" | Province |- ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | ! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid solid;" | km2 ! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden solid solid hidden;" class="unsortable" | {{nowrap|sq mi}} ! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden hidden solid solid;" | /km2 ! scope="col" style="border-style:hidden solid solid hidden;" class="unsortable" | {{nowrap|/sq mi}} ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | ! scope="col" style="border-top:none;" | |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Antipolo](/source/Antipolo){{efn|group=cities|[Antipolo](/source/Antipolo) was declared a "highly-urbanized city" by President Benigno Aquino; such proclamation however still needs to be ratified in a plebiscite.{{Cite web |date=April 3, 2011 |title=Aquino declares Antipolo as Highly Urbanized City |url=http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/216826/news/regions/aquino-declares-antipolo-as-highly-urbanized-city |access-date=September 9, 2014 |publisher=GMA News Online}}}} | style="text-align:right;" | 887,399 | {{convert|306.10|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|887399/306.10|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Rizal](/source/Rizal_(province)) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Bacoor](/source/Bacoor){{efn|group=cities|[Bacoor](/source/Bacoor) was declared a "highly urbanized city" by President Rodrigo Duterte; such proclamation however still needs to be ratified in a plebiscite.}} | style="text-align:right;" | 664,625 | {{convert|46.17|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|664625/46.17|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Cavite](/source/Cavite) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Batangas City](/source/Batangas_City) | style="text-align:right;" | 351,437 | {{convert|282.96|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|351437/282.96|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Batangas](/source/Batangas) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Biñan](/source/Bi%C3%B1an) | style="text-align:right;" | 407,437 | {{convert|43.50|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|407437/43.50|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Cabuyao](/source/Cabuyao) | style="text-align:right;" | 355,330 | {{convert|43.40|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|355330/43.40|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Calaca](/source/Calaca%2C_Batangas) | style="text-align:right;" | 87,361 | {{convert|114.58|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|87361/114.58|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | N/A | style="text-align:left;" | [Batangas](/source/Batangas) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:#BFF5FF;border-right:0;" |† [Calamba](/source/Calamba%2C_Laguna) | style="text-align:right;" | 539,671 | {{convert|149.50|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|539671/149.50|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Carmona](/source/Carmona%2C_Cavite) | style="text-align:right;" | 106,256 | {{convert|29.68|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|106256/29.68|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | N/A | style="text-align:left;" | [Cavite](/source/Cavite) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Cavite City](/source/Cavite_City) | style="text-align:right;" | 100,674 | {{convert|10.89|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|100674/10.89|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 4th | style="text-align:left;" | [Cavite](/source/Cavite) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Dasmariñas](/source/Dasmari%C3%B1as) | style="text-align:right;" | 703,141 | {{convert|90.13|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|703141/90.13|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Cavite](/source/Cavite) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [General Trias](/source/General_Trias) | style="text-align:right;" | 450,583 | {{convert|90.01|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|450583/90.01|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Cavite](/source/Cavite) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Imus](/source/Imus) | style="text-align:right;" | 496,794 | {{convert|53.15|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|496794/53.15|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Cavite](/source/Cavite) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Lipa](/source/Lipa%2C_Batangas) | style="text-align:right;" | 372,931 | {{convert|209.40|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|372931/209.40|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Batangas](/source/Batangas) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Lucena](/source/Lucena) | style="text-align:right;" | 278,924 | {{convert|80.21|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|278924/80.21|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Highly Urbanized | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Quezon](/source/Quezon) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [San Pablo](/source/San_Pablo%2C_Laguna) | style="text-align:right;" | 285,348 | {{convert|197.56|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|285348/197.56|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [San Pedro](/source/San_Pedro%2C_Laguna) | style="text-align:right;" | 326,001 | {{convert|24.05|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|326001/24.05|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Santa Rosa](/source/Santa_Rosa%2C_Laguna) | style="text-align:right;" | 414,812 | {{convert|54.84|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|414812/54.84|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Santo Tomas](/source/Santo_Tomas%2C_Batangas) | style="text-align:right;" | 218,500 | {{convert|95.41|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|218500/36.84|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Batangas](/source/Batangas) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Tagaytay](/source/Tagaytay) | style="text-align:right;" | 85,330 | {{convert|65.00|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|85330/65.00|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 2nd | style="text-align:left;" | [Cavite](/source/Cavite) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Tanauan](/source/Tanauan%2C_Batangas) | style="text-align:right;" | 193,936 | {{convert|107.16|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|193936/107.16|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 1st | style="text-align:left;" | [Batangas](/source/Batangas) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Tayabas](/source/Tayabas) | style="text-align:right;" | 112,658 | {{convert|230.95|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|112658/230.95|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 6th | style="text-align:left;" | [Quezon](/source/Quezon) |- ! scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color:initial;" | [Trece Martires](/source/Trece_Martires) | style="text-align:right;" | 210,503 | {{convert|39.10|km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | {{convert|{{sigfig|210503/39.10|2}}|PD/km2|abbr=values|disp=table}} | style="text-align:center;" | Component | style="text-align:center;" | 4th | style="text-align:left;" | [Cavite](/source/Cavite) |} '''Notes''' {{Notelist|group=cities}} ==Demographics== {{Philippine Census | align= none | cols = 3 | title= Population census of {{PH wikidata|name}} | 1903 = {{PH census population|1903}} | 1918 = {{PH census population|1918}} | 1939 = {{PH census population|1939}} | 1948 = {{PH census population|1948}} | 1960 = {{PH census population|1960}} | 1970 = {{PH census population|1970}} | 1975 = {{PH census population|1975}} | 1980 = {{PH census population|1980}} | 1990 = {{PH census population|1990}} | 1995 = {{PH census population|1995}} | 2000 = {{PH census population|2000}} | 2007 = {{PH census population|2007}} | 2010 = {{PH census population|2010}} | 2015 = {{PH census population|2015}} | 2020 = {{PH census population|2020}} | 2024 = {{PH census population|2024}} | 2030 = | footnote= Source: Philippine Statistics Authority{{Cite web |title=Population and Annual Growth Rates for The Philippines and Its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities |url=https://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/Population%20and%20Annual%20Growth%20Rates%20for%20The%20Philippines%20and%20Its%20Regions%2C%20Provinces%2C%20and%20Highly%20Urbanized%20Cities%20Based%20on%201990%2C%202000%2C%20and%202010%20Censuses.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928012059/http://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/Population%20and%20Annual%20Growth%20Rates%20for%20The%20Philippines%20and%20Its%20Regions%2C%20Provinces%2C%20and%20Highly%20Urbanized%20Cities%20Based%20on%201990%2C%202000%2C%20and%202010%20Censuses.pdf |archive-date=September 28, 2013 |access-date=August 9, 2013 |website=2010 Census and Housing Population |publisher=Philippine Statistics Authority}}{{PH census|2015}} }} {{See also|Demographics of the Philippines}} Calabarzon has a population of 16.1 million people, the largest of all the regions of the Philippines.{{PH census|2020}} The population growth rate between 2000 and 2010 of 3.07% decreased from the growth rate between 1990 and 2000 of 3.91%, a trend which coincided with the rest of the nation. Life expectancy in Calabarzon is 68.9 years for men and 75.2 years for women. There are an estimated 356,000 [Overseas Filipino Workers](/source/Overseas_Filipino_Workers) originating from Calabarzon.[https://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/ird/quickstat/reg04A_7.pdf Quickstat on Region IVA (CALABARZON) - February 2013] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414103222/http://www.census.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/ird/quickstat/reg04A_7.pdf |date=April 14, 2016 }}, [Philippine Statistics Authority](/source/Philippine_Statistics_Authority), retrieved March 10, 2013 A vast majority of people living in Calabarzon are [Tagalogs](/source/Tagalog_people). It is estimated that around 5.8 million Tagalogs live in Region IV-A.[http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/e-books/e-book.php?id=34&t=2 National Commission for Culture and Arts: Tagalog] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329163658/http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/e-books/e-book.php?id=34&t=2 |date=March 29, 2013}}, National Commission for Culture and Arts [Taal](/source/Taal%2C_Batangas), in particular, is considered the "Heartland of Tagalog Culture" and is currently the "center" of the Tagalog culture and people. Calabarzon is also home to a sizable number of people with [Chinese](/source/Chinese_people) and [Spanish](/source/Spanish_people) ancestry on account of Chinese immigration and Spanish colonization, respectively. ===Languages=== Because of the large majority of Tagalog natives, the majority of people living in Calabarzon speak the Tagalog language. [Filipino](/source/Filipino_language), being a version of Tagalog, is predominant in the region, which is spoken as a lingua franca of Tagalog speakers of different dialects. [English](/source/English_language) is also used in Calabarzon. In Cavite, [Chavacano](/source/Chavacano), a [creole language](/source/creole_language), was once commonly spoken; however, its usage is now in steep decline, and it is now only spoken by a handful of elderly residents in the province. The other native language spoken in Calabarzon is [Hatang Kayi, also named as Sinauna](/source/hatang_Kayi_language), a [Central Luzon language](/source/central_Luzon_languages) spoken in [Tanay, Rizal](/source/Tanay%2C_Rizal) and [General Nakar](/source/General_Nakar), Quezon; this is related to Kapampangan and [Sambalic languages](/source/Sambalic_languages). Other native languages spoken in the region are the ''[Manide language](/source/Manide_language)'' in east Quezon and a small portion in north Quezon, the ''[Umiray Dumaget language](/source/Umiray_Dumaget_language)'' in north Quezon and a small area in central Quezon, the ''[Inagta Alabat language](/source/Inagta_Alabat_language)'' on [Alabat Island](/source/Alabat_Island), and the ''Tagabulós language'' in Infanta.[https://kwfwikaatkultura.ph/tagabulos-2/ Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino: Wika at Kultura - Tagabulós] Languages not native in the region are also spoken by minority residents, including [Bicolano](/source/Bicolano_language), [Butuanon](/source/Butuanon_language), [Cebuano](/source/Cebuano_language), various [Cordilleran languages](/source/Cordilleran_languages), [Cuyunon](/source/Cuyonon_language), [Hiligaynon](/source/Hiligaynon_language), [Ilocano](/source/Ilocano_language) (especially in Quezon bordering Aurora), [Karay-a](/source/Karay-a_language), [Kapampangan](/source/Kapampangan_language), Lumad (indigenous tribal languages in Mindanao), [Surigaonon](/source/Surigaonon_language), [Waray](/source/Waray_language), [Maguindanaon](/source/Maguindanao_language), [Maranao](/source/Maranao_people) and [Tausug](/source/Tausug_language). === Religion === The large majority of the population of Calabarzon are part of a Christian denomination, with the [Catholic Church](/source/Catholic_Church) forming the largest proportion with its adherents accounting for 89% of the regional population. It is then followed up by the {{Lang|tl|[Iglesia ni Cristo](/source/Iglesia_ni_Cristo)|italic=no}} (3.06%) , [Philippine Independent Church](/source/Philippine_Independent_Church) (0.066%) and the [Jesus is Lord Church](/source/Jesus_Is_Lord_Church_Worldwide) (0.4%). A small [Muslim](/source/Muslims) population also exists, accounting for 0.4% of the regional population.{{mw-datatable}} {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders mw-datatable" style="text-align:right;" |+ Population by religious affiliation in CALABARZON (2020) ! scope="col" | Affiliation ! scope="col" | Number ! scope="col" | Percentage |- ! scope="row" | [Roman Catholic](/source/Catholic_Church_in_the_Philippines){{efn|name=2020CatholicCharismatic|excluding [Catholic Charismatic](/source/Charismatic_Catholicism) numbering 13,287 persons (0.08%)}} | 14,390,095 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|89.1}} |- ! scope="row" | [Iglesia ni Cristo](/source/Iglesia_ni_Cristo) | 494,599 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|3.06}} |- ! scope="row" | [Philippine Independent Church](/source/Philippine_Independent_Church) | {{formatnum:{{#expr:102015+ 5195}}}} | {{percentage bar|width=100%|{{#expr:0.63 + 0.03}}}} |- ! scope="row" | [Islam](/source/Islam_in_the_Philippines) | 80,057 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|0.50}} |- ! scope="row" | [Jesus is Lord Church](/source/Jesus_Is_Lord_Church_Worldwide) |65,036 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|0.4}} |- ! scope="row" | Church of Christ | 63,664 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|0.39 }} |- ! scope="row" | [Seventh-day Adventist](/source/Seventh-day_Adventist) | 58,949 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|0.37 }} |- ! scope="row" | Bible Baptist Church | 52,301 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|0.32}} |- ! scope="row" | Christian Missions in the Philippines | 45,166 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|0.28}} |- ! scope="row" | [Jehovah's Witnesses](/source/Jehovah's_Witnesses) | 45,122 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|0.28}} |- ! scope="row" | Other religious affiliations | 737,571 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|4.57}} |- ! scope="row" | ''None'' | 3,338 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|0.02}} |- ! scope="row" | ''Not reported'' | 805 | {{percentage bar|width=100%|0}} |- class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:700; border-top-style:double;" ! scope="row" style="font-weight:700;" | Total | style="background-color:#eaecf0;" | 16,139,770 | style="background-color:#eaecf0;" | {{percentage bar|width=100%|100}} |- class="sortbottom" style="font-size:90%;" ! scope="row" colspan="5" style="text-align:right;" | Source: [Philippine Statistics Authority](/source/Philippine_Statistics_Authority){{Cite press release |title=Religious Affiliation in the Philippines (2020 Census of Population and Housing) |date=February 22, 2023 |url=https://psa.gov.ph/content/religious-affiliation-philippines-2020-census-population-and-housing |last=Mapa |first=Dennis S. |access-date=March 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310184554/https://psa.gov.ph/content/religious-affiliation-philippines-2020-census-population-and-housing |archive-date=March 10, 2023 |website=[Philippine Statistics Authority](/source/Philippine_Statistics_Authority)}} |} {{Notelist}} ==Economy== {{Stack|float=right|{{PH poverty incidence}}}} [[File:Pililla Wind Farm.1.jpg|thumb|Pililla Wind Farm in [Rizal](/source/Rizal_(province))]] Calabarzon is the second largest contributor to the national GDP, accounting for 17% of the gross domestic product. The region boasts a 2.1% inflation rate, lower than the national average of 3%. The region has a 9.2% unemployment rate which is higher than the national average of 7%. Calabarzon, much like the rest of the country, is caught in the middle of being an industrial and an agricultural economy. Due to the region's proximity to [Metro Manila](/source/Metro_Manila), a large amount of urbanization has taken place over the years. Cavite and Laguna in particular are sites of manufacturing and high-tech industries, with companies like [Intel](/source/Intel) and [Panasonic](/source/Panasonic) setting up plants in the region. Santa Rosa, Laguna, is home to a host of semi-conductor and automotive companies such as [Amkor](/source/Amkor) and [Toyota](/source/Toyota), while [General Trias](/source/General_Trias) is home to Cavite's largest economic development zone, the PEC Industrial Park.{{citation needed|date=January 2023}} The region still has a large agricultural base. As of 2002, the region had 282,700 farms, covering {{convert|588500|ha}}, or 36.3% of the region's total land area.[https://www.census.gov.ph/content/review-agriculture-sector-calabarzon A Review of the Agriculture Sector in CALABARZON] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410172726/http://www.census.gov.ph/content/review-agriculture-sector-calabarzon |date=April 10, 2016 }} Philippine Statistics Authority, Retrieved March 11, 2013 Cavite alone has almost {{convert|70500|ha}} of agricultural land. Laguna is home to the [International Rice Research Institute](/source/International_Rice_Research_Institute), which can be found within the [University of the Philippines Los Baños](/source/University_of_the_Philippines_Los_Ba%C3%B1os), whose main goal is to find sustainable ways to help rice farmers. Batangas, meanwhile, is home to a large pineapple and coconut industry, which is used to make [barong tagalog](/source/barong_tagalog)s and [lambanog](/source/lambanog). Quezon is the country's leader in coconut products such as [coconut oil](/source/coconut_oil) and [copra](/source/copra). Quezon's towns such as [Tayabas City](/source/Tayabas_City), [Mauban](/source/Mauban) and [Infanta](/source/Infanta%2C_Quezon) are also known producers of commercialized native [liqueur](/source/liqueur)s such as [lambanog](/source/Arrack) and tuba. Rizal is known for its piggeries. Region IV-A's agricultural base, however, is slowly decreasing. Due to their proximity to large bodies of water, Laguna and Batangas also have sizable fishing industries. [Taal Lake](/source/Taal_Lake) is a large source of fresh water fishes for the country. {{clear left}} ==Tourism== {{more citations needed|date=June 2023}} {{Main|Tourism in the Philippines}} [[File:Calambajf2779 09.JPG|thumb|[Rizal Shrine](/source/Rizal_Shrine_(Calamba)) in Calamba, Laguna]] Due to the region's history and natural resources, tourism plays a major role in the regional economy. [Cavite](/source/Cavite) and [Laguna](/source/Laguna_(province)) are homes to various historical sites, such as the [Rizal Shrine](/source/Rizal_Shrine_(Calamba)) in [Calamba](/source/Calamba%2C_Laguna),{{Cite web |title=Fact-checking Calamba's History |url=https://ptvnews.ph/fact-checking-calambas-history/ |access-date=July 24, 2018 |website=ptvnews.ph}} and the [Aguinaldo Shrine](/source/Aguinaldo_Shrine) in [Kawit](/source/Kawit).{{Cite web |last=Alpad |date=June 29, 2018 |title=Cavite: The next culinary destination - The Manila Times Online |url=http://www.manilatimes.net/cavite-the-next-culinary-destination/413620/ |access-date=July 24, 2018 |website=www.manilatimes.net}}{{Cite news |title=President Duterte leads Aguinaldo Shrine Independence Day rites |url=http://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1008925 |access-date=July 24, 2018}}{{Cite news |title=Flag City gets glass store upgrade |url=https://businessmirror.com.ph/flag-city-gets-glass-store-upgrade/ |access-date=July 24, 2018 |work=BusinessMirror}} [San Pablo](/source/San_Pablo%2C_Laguna) is famous for its [seven lakes](/source/Seven_Lakes_of_San_Pablo),{{Cite news |last=Cinco |first=Maricar |title=San Pablo wakes up to 7-lakes challenge |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/574410/san-pablo-wakes-up-to-7-lakes-challenge |access-date=July 24, 2018}} [Pagsanjan](/source/Pagsanjan) for its majestic waterfalls and both [Taal Lake](/source/Taal_Lake) and the historic [Taal](/source/Taal%2C_Batangas) town in [Batangas](/source/Batangas). [Tayabas](/source/Tayabas%2C_Quezon) is known as the City of Festivals, Rest and Recreation Destination of Quezon and famous for ''lambanog''. The Minor Basilica of Saint Michael Archangel is the religious testaments of the Tayabenses and declared as National Cultural Treasures of the Philippines, the Casa Comunidad de Tayabas, the former office of the then President Manuel Luis Quezon and the place where Hermano Pule was sentenced to death, and the Malagonlong Bridge and the 9 other century-old Spanish arch type and National Cultural Treasure bridges. Local festivals include the Taytsinoy Festival, Mayohan Festival, Pa'yas Festival Hagisan Festival, Baliskog Festival, Angel Festival, Aguyod Festival and the Turumba Festival every Holy Week. [Lucban](/source/Lucban) is most famous for its annual [Pahiyas Festival](/source/Pahiyas_Festival) or locally known as Pahiyas, an event not only visited by local tourists but also by international tourists as well. Devotees and pilgrims also visit Lucban's [Kamay ni Hesus Shrine](/source/Kamay_ni_Hesus_Healing_Church_(Lucban)), which has a 50-foot statue of the Ascending Christ on top of a hill.{{cite news |last=Mallari |first=Delfin Jr. |date=March 31, 2018 |title=3 million devotees, pilgrims visit Kamay ni Hesus Shrine in Lucban |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/979313/3-million-devotees-pilgrims-visit-kamay-ni-hesus-shrine-in-lucban |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230624154751/https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/979313/3-million-devotees-pilgrims-visit-kamay-ni-hesus-shrine-in-lucban |archive-date=June 24, 2023 |access-date=June 25, 2023 |work=[Inquirer.net](/source/Inquirer_Group_of_Companies) |publisher=Inquirer Interactive Inc. |quote=[...] 50-foot concrete icon of the Risen Christ at the summit of the hill [...]}}{{cbignore}} Batangas is also famous for its scenic beaches in [Nasugbu](/source/Nasugbu%2C_Batangas) and [Calatagan](/source/Calatagan%2C_Batangas). Antipolo is another major tourist spot, found in Rizal. The region is also home to a multitude of [baroque](/source/baroque) churches. ==Infrastructure== ===Roads and bridges=== Being an industrialized region, Calabarzon is dotted with expressways and highways to serve the people traveling to factories and industries, as well as to accommodate traffic that comes to and from Metro Manila, as it is located just east and south of the region. The [Pan-Philippine Highway](/source/Pan-Philippine_Highway) is an important road that crosses through Laguna, Cavite, Batangas, and Quezon, serving as a gateway to the southern parts of Luzon. The [South Luzon Expressway](/source/South_Luzon_Expressway) and [Southern Tagalog Arterial Road](/source/Southern_Tagalog_Arterial_Road) link the port of Batangas to Metro Manila, while the [Cavite–Laguna Expressway](/source/Cavite%E2%80%93Laguna_Expressway) and [Manila–Cavite Expressway](/source/Manila%E2%80%93Cavite_Expressway) (also known as CAVITEX) seamlessly link industrial towns and cities that dot around Cavite and Laguna. All the aforementioned expressways also help accommodate the inter-modal traffic between Calabarzon and Metro Manila, serving as a faster, more viable alternative compared to primary highways that directly cross municipal and city centers. The Laguna Lake Highway, a joint project of DPWH NCR and Region IV-A, is the widening/rehabilitation at Taytay, Rizal segment, a 3.34-kilometer road. Currently, there are two more bridges being built - Barkadahan Bridge and Napindan Bridge - which will provide additional 2 lanes crossing over Manggahan Floodway and Pasig River, respectively.{{Cite web |title=Laguna Lake Highway |url=http://www.build.gov.ph/Home/Project_Details/74?Agency=DPWH |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620030831/http://build.gov.ph/Home/Project_Details/74?Agency=DPWH |archive-date=June 20, 2022 |access-date=August 7, 2019}} ==Notable people== ===Batangas=== {{main|Batangas#Notable people}} ===Cavite=== {{main|Cavite#Notable people}} ===Laguna=== {{main|Laguna (province)#Notable people}} ===Quezon (including Lucena)=== {{main|Quezon#Notable people|Lucena#Notable personalities}} ===Rizal=== {{main|Rizal (province)#Notable personalities}} ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} ==External links== * {{Commons category-inline}} * {{Wikivoyage inline}} * {{OSM relation}} {{Geographic location | Centre = Calabarzon | North = [Metro Manila](/source/Metro_Manila) / [Central Luzon](/source/Central_Luzon) | West = ''[South China Sea](/source/South_China_Sea)'' | East = ''[Philippine Sea](/source/Philippine_Sea)'' | South = ''[Verde Island Passage](/source/Verde_Island_Passage)'' / ''[Tayabas Bay](/source/Tayabas_Bay)'' / ''[Sibuyan Sea](/source/Sibuyan_Sea)''
[Mimaropa](/source/Mimaropa) | Northwest = [Central Luzon](/source/Central_Luzon) / ''[Manila Bay](/source/Manila_Bay)'' | Southeast = [Bicol Region](/source/Bicol_Region) }} {{Calabarzon}} {{Regions of the Philippines}} {{Authority control}} Category:Calabarzon Category:Regions of the Philippines Category:Luzon --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Calabarzon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calabarzon) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calabarzon?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.