# CYP4Z1

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{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
{{Infobox_gene}}

'''CYP4Z1'''  ('''cy'''tochrome '''P'''450, family '''4''', subfamily '''Z''', polypeptide '''1''')  is a [protein](/source/protein) that in humans is encoded by the ''CYP4Z1'' [gene](/source/gene).<ref name="pmid15059886">{{cite journal | vauthors = Rieger MA, Ebner R, Bell DR, Kiessling A, Rohayem J, Schmitz M, Temme A, Rieber EP, Weigle B | title = Identification of a novel mammary-restricted cytochrome P450, CYP4Z1, with overexpression in breast carcinoma | journal = Cancer Res. | volume = 64 | issue = 7 | pages = 2357–64 |date=April 2004 | pmid = 15059886 | doi = 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-0849 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

== Function ==

This gene encodes a member of the [cytochrome P450](/source/cytochrome_P450) superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are [monooxygenase](/source/monooxygenase)s which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This gene is part of a cluster of cytochrome P450 genes on chromosome 1p33.<ref name="entrez_2532">{{NCBI RefSeq| title = Entrez Gene: CYP4Z1 | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=199974 }}</ref>

== Clinical significance ==

CYP4Z1 is overexpressed in breast cancer cells.<ref name="pmid15059886"/>  It has also been demonstrated that the expression of the CYP4Z1 gene is upregulated by activated [glucocorticoid](/source/glucocorticoid_receptor) and [progesterone receptor](/source/progesterone_receptor)s.<ref name="pmid15797250">{{cite journal | vauthors = Savas U, Hsu MH, Griffin KJ, Bell DR, Johnson EF | title = Conditional regulation of the human CYP4X1 and CYP4Z1 genes | journal = Arch. Biochem. Biophys. | volume = 436 | issue = 2 | pages = 377–85 |date=April 2005 | pmid = 15797250 | doi = 10.1016/j.abb.2005.02.022 }}</ref>  The overexpression of CYP4Z1 is associated with the breast cancer cells' increased production of [20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid](/source/20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid) (20-HETE); it is hypothesized that CYP4Z1 metabolizes [arachidonic acid](/source/arachidonic_acid) to 20-HETE and that this overproduction is responsible for increasing the growth and spread of breast cancer cells in human breast cancer.<ref>{{cite journal|author11-link=John R. Falck | vauthors = Yu W, Chai H, Li Y, Zhao H, Xie X, Zheng H, Wang C, Wang X, Yang G, Cai X, Falck JR, Yang J | title = Increased expression of CYP4Z1 promotes tumor angiogenesis and growth in human breast cancer | journal = Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology | volume = 264 | issue = 1 | pages = 73–83 | date = Oct 2012 | pmid = 22841774 | doi = 10.1016/j.taap.2012.07.019 | pmc=3439529 | bibcode = 2012ToxAP.264...73Y }}</ref><ref name = "Zheng_2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Zheng L, Li X, Gu Y, Lv X, Xi T | title = The 3'UTR of the pseudogene CYP4Z2P promotes tumor angiogenesis in breast cancer by acting as a ceRNA for CYP4Z1 | journal = Breast Cancer Research and Treatment | volume = 150 | issue = 1 | pages = 105–18 | date = Feb 2015 | pmid = 25701119 | doi = 10.1007/s10549-015-3298-2 | s2cid = 11952881 }}</ref> CPZ4Z1 is likewise overexpressed in ovarian cancer cells.<ref name = "Zheng_2015"/> These studies also suggest that CYP4Z1 will be a valuable marker to distinguish between benign and malignant breast and ovarian growths in humans and/or the prognoses of malignant growths in these tissues.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Zöllner A, Dragan CA, Pistorius D, Müller R, Bode HB, Peters FT, Maurer HH, Bureik M | title = Human CYP4Z1 catalyzes the in-chain hydroxylation of lauric acid and myristic acid | journal = Biological Chemistry | volume = 390 | issue = 4 | pages = 313–7 | date = Apr 2009 | pmid = 19090726 | doi = 10.1515/BC.2009.030 | s2cid = 13454640 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Nelson DR, Zeldin DC, Hoffman SM, Maltais LJ, Wain HM, Nebert DW | title = Comparison of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes from the mouse and human genomes, including nomenclature recommendations for genes, pseudogenes and alternative-splice variants | journal = Pharmacogenetics | volume = 14 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–18 | date = Jan 2004 | pmid = 15128046 | doi = 10.1097/00008571-200401000-00001 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Simpson AE | title = The cytochrome P450 4 (CYP4) family | journal = General Pharmacology | volume = 28 | issue = 3 | pages = 351–9 | date = Mar 1997 | pmid = 9068972 | doi = 10.1016/S0306-3623(96)00246-7 }}
{{refend}}

{{NLM content}}
{{Cytochrome P450}}

{{gene-1-stub}}
Category:Cytochrome P450

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [CYP4Z1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP4Z1) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP4Z1?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.