# CYP4F11
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{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''CYP4F11''' ('''cy'''tochrome '''P'''450, family '''4''', subfamily '''F''', polypeptide '''11''') is a [protein](/source/protein) that in humans is encoded by the ''CYP4F11'' [gene](/source/gene).[{{cite journal | vauthors = Cui X, Nelson DR, Strobel HW | title = A novel human cytochrome P450 4F isoform (CYP4F11): cDNA cloning, expression, and genomic structural characterization | journal = Genomics | volume = 68 | issue = 2 | pages = 161–6 | date = September 2000 | pmid = 10964514 | doi = 10.1006/geno.2000.6276 }}] This gene encodes a member of the [cytochrome P450](/source/cytochrome_P450) superfamily of [enzyme](/source/enzyme)s. The cytochrome P450 proteins are [monooxygenase](/source/monooxygenase)s which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This gene is part of a cluster of cytochrome P450 genes on chromosome 19. Another member of this family, [CYP4F2](/source/CYP4F2), is approximately 16 kb away. [Alternatively spliced](/source/Alternative_splicing) transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.[{{NCBI RefSeq| title = Entrez Gene: CYP4F11 | url =https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=57834 | accessdate = }}]
==Expression==
CYP4F11 is expressed in liver, kidney, heart, brain, and skeletal muscle and is overexpressed in ovarian and colon cancers; perhaps relativant to its overexpression in ovarian cancer, its gene has an estrogen receptor α responsive site in its [Promoter (genetics)](/source/Promoter_(genetics)) site.[{{cite journal | vauthors = Hardwick JP | title = Cytochrome P450 omega hydroxylase (CYP4) function in fatty acid metabolism and metabolic diseases | journal = Biochemical Pharmacology | volume = 75 | issue = 12 | pages = 2263–75 | date = June 2008 | pmid = 18433732 | doi = 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.03.004 }}]
==Activities and possible functions==
CYP4F11 is active in metabolism of many drugs including [benzphetamine](/source/benzphetamine), [ethylmorphine](/source/ethylmorphine), [chlorpromazine](/source/chlorpromazine), [imipramine](/source/imipramine), and [erythromycin](/source/erythromycin);.[{{cite book | vauthors = Johnson AL, Edson KZ, Totah RA, Rettie AE | title = Cytochrome P450 Function and Pharmacological Roles in Inflammation and Cancer | chapter = Cytochrome P450 ω-Hydroxylases in Inflammation and Cancer | series = Advances in Pharmacology | volume = 74 | pages = 223–62 | year = 2015 | pmid = 26233909 | doi = 10.1016/bs.apha.2015.05.002 | pmc=4667791| isbn = 9780128031193 }}]
CYP4F11 omega-hydroxylates [leukotriene B4](/source/leukotriene_B4) (LTB4) to 20-hydroxy-LTB4, [5-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid](/source/5-Hydroxyicosatetraenoic_acid) (5-HETE) to 20-hydroxy-5-HETE (i.e. 5,20-diHETE), [12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid](/source/12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid) (12-HETE) to 12,20-diHETE, [lipoxins](/source/lipoxins) and possibly [5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid](/source/5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic_acid) (5-oxo-ETE) to their 20-hydroxy metabolites; these reactions begin the inactivation of these pro- (LTB4, 5-HETE, 12-HETE, and 5-oxo-ETE) and anti- (lipoxins) [cell signaling](/source/cell_signaling) agents; however, it is relatively weak compared to, and therefore possibly not as physiologically relevant as, other CYP4Fs such as [CYP4F2](/source/CYP4F2), [CYP4F3](/source/CYP4F3)a, [CYP4F3](/source/CYP4F3)b, [CYP4A11](/source/CYP4A11) and [CYP4F2](/source/CYP4F2) in doing so.[{{cite journal | vauthors = Hoopes SL, Garcia V, Edin ML, Schwartzman ML, Zeldin DC | title = Vascular actions of 20-HETE | journal = Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators | volume = 120 | pages = 9–16 | date = July 2015 | pmid = 25813407 | doi = 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2015.03.002 | pmc=4575602}}] [Gene polymorphism](/source/Gene_polymorphism) variants of CYP4A11 are associated with the development of [hypertension](/source/hypertension) and [cerebral infarction](/source/cerebral_infarction) (i.e. ischemic stroke) in humans (see [20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid](/source/20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid)).[{{cite journal | vauthors = Gainer JV, Bellamine A, Dawson EP, Womble KE, Grant SW, Wang Y, Cupples LA, Guo CY, Demissie S, O'Donnell CJ, Brown NJ, Waterman MR, Capdevila JH | title = Functional variant of CYP4A11 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid synthase is associated with essential hypertension | journal = Circulation | volume = 111 | issue = 1 | pages = 63–9 | date = January 2005 | pmid = 15611369 | doi = 10.1161/01.CIR.0000151309.82473.59 | doi-access = free | citeseerx = 10.1.1.335.1764 }}][{{cite journal | vauthors = Gainer JV, Lipkowitz MS, Yu C, Waterman MR, Dawson EP, Capdevila JH, Brown NJ | title = Association of a CYP4A11 variant and blood pressure in black men | journal = Journal of the American Society of Nephrology | volume = 19 | issue = 8 | pages = 1606–12 | date = August 2008 | pmid = 18385420 | doi = 10.1681/ASN.2008010063 | pmc=2488260}}][{{cite journal | vauthors = Fu Z, Nakayama T, Sato N, Izumi Y, Kasamaki Y, Shindo A, Ohta M, Soma M, Aoi N, Sato M, Ozawa Y, Ma Y | title = A haplotype of the CYP4A11 gene associated with essential hypertension in Japanese men | journal = Journal of Hypertension | volume = 26 | issue = 3 | pages = 453–61 | date = March 2008 | pmid = 18300855 | doi = 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282f2f10c | s2cid = 23680415 }}][{{cite journal | vauthors = Mayer B, Lieb W, Götz A, König IR, Aherrahrou Z, Thiemig A, Holmer S, Hengstenberg C, Doering A, Loewel H, Hense HW, Schunkert H, Erdmann J | title = Association of the T8590C polymorphism of CYP4A11 with hypertension in the MONICA Augsburg echocardiographic substudy | journal = Hypertension | volume = 46 | issue = 4 | pages = 766–71 | date = October 2005 | pmid = 16144986 | doi = 10.1161/01.HYP.0000182658.04299.15 | doi-access = free }}][{{cite journal | vauthors = Sugimoto K, Akasaka H, Katsuya T, Node K, Fujisawa T, Shimaoka I, Yasuda O, Ohishi M, Ogihara T, Shimamoto K, Rakugi H | title = A polymorphism regulates CYP4A11 transcriptional activity and is associated with hypertension in a Japanese population | journal = Hypertension | volume = 52 | issue = 6 | pages = 1142–8 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 18936345 | doi = 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.114082 | doi-access = free }}][{{cite journal | vauthors = Ding H, Cui G, Zhang L, Xu Y, Bao X, Tu Y, Wu B, Wang Q, Hui R, Wang W, Dackor RT, [Kissling GE](/source/Grace_E._Kissling), Zeldin DC, Wang DW | title = Association of common variants of CYP4A11 and CYP4F2 with stroke in the Han Chinese population | journal = Pharmacogenetics and Genomics | volume = 20 | issue = 3 | pages = 187–94 | date = March 2010 | pmid = 20130494 | doi = 10.1097/FPC.0b013e328336eefe | pmc=3932492}}] In spite of its relative impotency and/or importance in accomplishing these omega-hydroxylations, CYP4F11 may contribute to them in certain tissues.
==Further reading==
Johnson AL, Edson KZ, Totah RA, Rettie AE. Cytochrome P450 ω-Hydroxylases in Inflammation and Cancer. Adv. Pharmacol. 74:223-62, 2015.