# CUL1

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Protein-coding gene in humans

CUL1 Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1LDJ, 1LDK, 1U6G, 3RTR, 3TDU, 3TDZ, 4F52, 4P5O Identifiers Aliases CUL1, cullin 1 External IDs OMIM: 603134; MGI: 1349658; HomoloGene: 2663; GeneCards: CUL1; OMA:CUL1 - orthologs Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 7 (human)[1] Band 7q36.1 Start 148,697,914 bp[1] End 148,801,110 bp[1] Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 6 (mouse)[2] Band 6|6 B2.3 Start 47,430,332 bp[2] End 47,503,073 bp[2] RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in secondary oocyte left testis right testis ganglionic eminence sperm gastrocnemius muscle Achilles tendon biceps brachii ventricular zone Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii Top expressed in secondary oocyte zygote tail of embryo genital tubercle primary oocyte ventricular zone medullary collecting duct spermatocyte renal corpuscle neural layer of retina More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding ubiquitin protein ligase binding ubiquitin protein ligase activity ubiquitin-protein transferase activity Cellular component Parkin-FBXW7-Cul1 ubiquitin ligase complex nucleoplasm cytosol cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex SCF ubiquitin ligase complex Biological process intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway viral process G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle stress-activated MAPK cascade ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process protein monoubiquitination cell population proliferation negative regulation of cell population proliferation animal organ morphogenesis apoptotic process NIK/NF-kappaB signaling protein ubiquitination protein polyubiquitination Wnt signaling pathway SCF complex assembly negative regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle cellular iron ion homeostasis post-translational protein modification G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway T cell receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 8454 26965 Ensembl ENSG00000055130 ENSMUSG00000029686 UniProt Q13616 Q9WTX6 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003592 NM_012042 NM_001355550 NM_001355551 RefSeq (protein) NP_003583 NP_036172 NP_001342479 NP_001342480 Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 148.7 – 148.8 Mb Chr 6: 47.43 – 47.5 Mb PubMed search [3] [4] Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

**Cullin 1**, also known as **CUL1**, is a human protein and [gene](/source/Gene) from [cullin](/source/Cullin) family. This protein plays an important role in [protein degradation](/source/Protein_degradation) and protein [ubiquitination](/source/Ubiquitination).

This is an essential component of the [SCF](/source/SCF-complex) ([SKP1](/source/SKP1)-CUL1-[F-box protein](/source/F-box_protein)) E3 [ubiquitin ligase](/source/Ubiquitin_ligase) complex, which mediates the [ubiquitination](/source/Ubiquitination) of proteins involved in [cell cycle](/source/Cell_cycle) progression, [signal transduction](/source/Signal_transduction) and [transcription](/source/Transcription_(genetics)). In the [SCF complex](/source/SCF_complex), it serves as a rigid scaffold that organizes the SKP1-F-box protein and [RBX1](/source/RBX1) subunits. May contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the [ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme](/source/Ubiquitin-conjugating_enzyme).

This protein is a part of a SCF complex consisting of CUL1, [RBX1](/source/RBX1), [SKP1](/source/SKP1) and [SKP2](/source/SKP2). It also interacts with [RNF7](/source/RNF7). Part of a complex with [TIP120A](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=TIP120A&action=edit&redlink=1)/[CAND1](/source/CAND1) and [RBX1](/source/RBX1). The unneddylated form interacts with TIP120A/CAND1 and the interaction negatively regulates the association with SKP1 in the SCF complex. Interacts with [COPS2](/source/COPS2).

It is expressed in lung [fibroblasts](/source/Fibroblasts).

The protein is [neddylated](/source/Neddylation), which enhances the ubiquitination activity of SCF. Deneddylated via its interaction with the [COP9 signalosome](/source/COP9_signalosome) (CSN) complex.

## Further reading

- Kipreos ET, Lander LE, Wing JP, et al. (1996). ["cul-1 is required for cell cycle exit in C. elegans and identifies a novel gene family"](https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2981267-2). *Cell*. **85** (6): 829–39. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81267-2](https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2981267-2). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [8681378](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8681378). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [15805562](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:15805562).

- Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). ["Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery"](https://doi.org/10.1101%2Fgr.6.9.791). *Genome Res*. **6** (9): 791–806. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1101/gr.6.9.791](https://doi.org/10.1101%2Fgr.6.9.791). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [8889548](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8889548).

- Lisztwan J, Marti A, Sutterlüty H, et al. (1998). ["Association of human CUL-1 and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme CDC34 with the F-box protein p45(SKP2): evidence for evolutionary conservation in the subunit composition of the CDC34-SCF pathway"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1170388). *EMBO J*. **17** (2): 368–83. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/emboj/17.2.368](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Femboj%2F17.2.368). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [1170388](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1170388). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [9430629](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9430629).

- Michel JJ, Xiong Y (1998). "Human CUL-1, but not other cullin family members, selectively interacts with SKP1 to form a complex with SKP2 and cyclin A.". *Cell Growth Differ*. **9** (6): 435–49. [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [9663463](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9663463).

- Ng RW, Arooz T, Yam CH, et al. (1998). ["Characterization of the cullin and F-box protein partner Skp1"](https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0014-5793%2898%2901299-X). *FEBS Lett*. **438** (3): 183–9. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1998FEBSL.438..183N](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998FEBSL.438..183N). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01299-X](https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0014-5793%2898%2901299-X). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [9827542](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9827542). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [40950881](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:40950881).

- Winston JT, Strack P, Beer-Romero P, et al. (1999). ["The SCFbeta-TRCP-ubiquitin ligase complex associates specifically with phosphorylated destruction motifs in IkappaBalpha and beta-catenin and stimulates IkappaBalpha ubiquitination in vitro"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC316433). *Genes Dev*. **13** (3): 270–83. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1101/gad.13.3.270](https://doi.org/10.1101%2Fgad.13.3.270). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [316433](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC316433). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [9990852](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9990852).

- Tan P, Fuchs SY, Chen A, et al. (1999). ["Recruitment of a ROC1-CUL1 ubiquitin ligase by Skp1 and HOS to catalyze the ubiquitination of I kappa B alpha"](https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1097-2765%2800%2980481-5). *Mol. Cell*. **3** (4): 527–33. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80481-5](https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1097-2765%2800%2980481-5). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [10230406](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10230406).

- Ohta T, Michel JJ, Schottelius AJ, Xiong Y (1999). ["ROC1, a homolog of APC11, represents a family of cullin partners with an associated ubiquitin ligase activity"](https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1097-2765%2800%2980482-7). *Mol. Cell*. **3** (4): 535–41. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80482-7](https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1097-2765%2800%2980482-7). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [10230407](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10230407). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [19371828](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:19371828).

- Marti A, Wirbelauer C, Scheffner M, Krek W (1999). "Interaction between ubiquitin-protein ligase SCFSKP2 and E2F-1 underlies the regulation of E2F-1 degradation". *Nat. Cell Biol*. **1** (1): 14–9. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/8984](https://doi.org/10.1038%2F8984). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [10559858](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10559858). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [8884226](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:8884226).

- Hori T, Osaka F, Chiba T, et al. (2000). "Covalent modification of all members of human cullin family proteins by NEDD8". *Oncogene*. **18** (48): 6829–34. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/sj.onc.1203093](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fsj.onc.1203093). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [10597293](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10597293). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [22861534](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:22861534).

- Read MA, Brownell JE, Gladysheva TB, et al. (2000). ["Nedd8 modification of cul-1 activates SCF(beta(TrCP))-dependent ubiquitination of IkappaBalpha"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC85397). *Mol. Cell. Biol*. **20** (7): 2326–33. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1128/MCB.20.7.2326-2333.2000](https://doi.org/10.1128%2FMCB.20.7.2326-2333.2000). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [85397](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC85397). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [10713156](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10713156).

- Morimoto M, Nishida T, Honda R, Yasuda H (2000). "Modification of cullin-1 by ubiquitin-like protein Nedd8 enhances the activity of SCF(skp2) toward p27(kip1)". *Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun*. **270** (3): 1093–6. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1006/bbrc.2000.2576](https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fbbrc.2000.2576). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [10772955](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10772955).

- Swaroop M, Wang Y, Miller P, et al. (2000). "Yeast homolog of human SAG/ROC2/Rbx2/Hrt2 is essential for cell growth, but not for germination: chip profiling implicates its role in cell cycle regulation". *Oncogene*. **19** (24): 2855–66. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1038/sj.onc.1203635](https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fsj.onc.1203635). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [10851089](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10851089). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [2100588](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2100588).

- Furukawa M, Zhang Y, McCarville J, et al. (2000). ["The CUL1 C-terminal sequence and ROC1 are required for efficient nuclear accumulation, NEDD8 modification, and ubiquitin ligase activity of CUL1"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC86428). *Mol. Cell. Biol*. **20** (21): 8185–97. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1128/MCB.20.21.8185-8197.2000](https://doi.org/10.1128%2FMCB.20.21.8185-8197.2000). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [86428](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC86428). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11027288](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11027288).

- Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA (2001). ["DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC310948). *Genome Res*. **10** (11): 1788–95. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1101/gr.143000](https://doi.org/10.1101%2Fgr.143000). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [310948](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC310948). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11076863](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11076863).

- Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, et al. (2001). ["Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC311072). *Genome Res*. **11** (3): 422–35. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1101/gr.GR1547R](https://doi.org/10.1101%2Fgr.GR1547R). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [311072](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC311072). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11230166](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11230166).

- Lyapina S, Cope G, Shevchenko A, et al. (2001). "Promotion of NEDD-CUL1 conjugate cleavage by COP9 signalosome". *Science*. **292** (5520): 1382–5. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2001Sci...292.1382L](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Sci...292.1382L). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1126/science.1059780](https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1059780). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11337588](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11337588). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [14224920](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14224920).

- Fukuchi M, Imamura T, Chiba T, et al. (2001). ["Ligand-dependent degradation of Smad3 by a ubiquitin ligase complex of ROC1 and associated proteins"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC34595). *Mol. Biol. Cell*. **12** (5): 1431–43. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1091/mbc.12.5.1431](https://doi.org/10.1091%2Fmbc.12.5.1431). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [34595](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC34595). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11359933](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11359933).

- Senadheera D, Haataja L, Groffen J, Heisterkamp N (2001). "The small GTPase Rac interacts with ubiquitination complex proteins Cullin-1 and CDC23". *Int. J. Mol. Med*. **8** (2): 127–33. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.3892/ijmm.8.2.127](https://doi.org/10.3892%2Fijmm.8.2.127). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11445862](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11445862).

- Kiernan RE, Emiliani S, Nakayama K, et al. (2001). ["Interaction between cyclin T1 and SCF(SKP2) targets CDK9 for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC99964). *Mol. Cell. Biol*. **21** (23): 7956–70. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1128/MCB.21.23.7956-7970.2001](https://doi.org/10.1128%2FMCB.21.23.7956-7970.2001). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [99964](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC99964). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [11689688](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11689688).

v t e PDB gallery 1ldj: Structure of the Cul1-Rbx1-Skp1-F boxSkp2 SCF Ubiquitin Ligase Complex 1ldk: Structure of the Cul1-Rbx1-Skp1-F boxSkp2 SCF Ubiquitin Ligase Complex 1u6g: Crystal Structure of The Cand1-Cul1-Roc1 Complex

## External links

- Human [*CUL1*](https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&singleSearch=knownCanonical&position=CUL1) genome location and [*CUL1*](https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgGene?db=hg38&hgg_type=knownGene&hgg_gene=CUL1) gene details page in the [UCSC Genome Browser](/source/UCSC_Genome_Browser).

This article on a gene on human chromosome 7 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by adding missing information.

- [v](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Gene-7-stub)
- [t](/source/Template_talk%3AGene-7-stub)
- [e](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gene-7-stub)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2) [GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000055130](http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000055130) – [Ensembl](/source/Ensembl_genome_database_project), May 2017

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2) [GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029686](http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSMUSG00000029686) – [Ensembl](/source/Ensembl_genome_database_project), May 2017

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Human PubMed Reference:"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=8454). *National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Mouse PubMed Reference:"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=Link&LinkName=gene_pubmed&from_uid=26965). *National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine*.

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [CUL1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUL1) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUL1?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.