# CLDN4

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{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in humans}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''Claudin 4''', also known as '''CLDN4''', is a [protein](/source/protein) which in [humans](/source/Human) is encoded by the ''CLDN4'' [gene](/source/gene). It belongs to the group of [claudin](/source/claudin)s.

This gene encodes an [integral membrane protein](/source/integral_membrane_protein), which belongs to the [claudin](/source/claudin) family. The protein is a component of [tight junction](/source/tight_junction) strands and may play a role in internal organ development and function during pre- and postnatal life. This gene is deleted in [Williams-Beuren syndrome](/source/Williams-Beuren_syndrome), a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting multiple systems.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CLDN4 claudin 4| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1364}}</ref>

Claudin 4 can also be used as a marker for distinguishing malignant [mesothelioma](/source/mesothelioma) from [lung cancer](/source/lung_cancer) and [uterine serous carcinoma](/source/uterine_serous_carcinoma).<ref name="pmid23775021">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ohta Y, Sasaki Y, Saito M, Kushima M, Takimoto M, Shiokawa A, Ota H | title = Claudin-4 as a marker for distinguishing malignant mesothelioma from lung carcinoma and serous adenocarcinoma | journal = Int J Surg Pathol | volume = 21 | issue = 5 | pages = 493–501 | date= 2013 | pmid = 23775021 | doi = 10.1177/1066896913491320 | s2cid = 6840615 }}</ref> As a [pancreatic cancer](/source/pancreatic_cancer) marker in cell-blocks of effusion specimens, it has also been found to have a superior performance to [BerEp4](/source/BerEp4) staining.<ref name="VojtekWalsh2019">{{cite journal | vauthors = Vojtek M, Walsh MD, Papadimos DJ, Shield PW | title =  Claudin-4 immunohistochemistry is a useful pan-carcinoma marker for serous effusion specimens | journal = Cytopathology | volume = 30 | issue = 6 | pages = 614–619 | date= 2019 | doi = 10.1111/cyt.12765 | pmid = 31390089 | s2cid = 199468828 | url = https://eprints.qut.edu.au/196951/1/45814935.pdf }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{UCSC gene info|CLDN4}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Kniesel U, Wolburg H |title=Tight junctions of the blood–brain barrier. |journal=Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. |volume=20 |issue= 1 |pages= 57–76 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10690502 |doi=10.1023/A:1006995910836  |s2cid=26473781 |pmc=11537529 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Heiskala M, Peterson PA, Yang Y |title=The roles of claudin superfamily proteins in paracellular transport. |journal=Traffic |volume=2 |issue= 2 |pages= 93–8 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11247307 |doi=10.1034/j.1600-0854.2001.020203.x  |s2cid=12132159 |doi-access= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Tsukita S, Furuse M, Itoh M |title=Multifunctional strands in tight junctions. |journal=Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. |volume=2 |issue= 4 |pages= 285–93 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11283726 |doi= 10.1038/35067088 |s2cid=36524601 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Tsukita S, Furuse M |title=Claudin-based barrier in simple and stratified cellular sheets. |journal=Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. |volume=14 |issue= 5 |pages= 531–6 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12231346 |doi=10.1016/S0955-0674(02)00362-9  }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=González-Mariscal L, Betanzos A, Nava P, Jaramillo BE |title=Tight junction proteins. |journal=Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. |volume=81 |issue= 1 |pages= 1–44 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12475568 |doi=10.1016/S0079-6107(02)00037-8  |doi-access= }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Katahira J, Inoue N, Horiguchi Y |title=Molecular cloning and functional characterization of the receptor for Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=136 |issue= 6 |pages= 1239–47 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9087440 |doi=10.1083/jcb.136.6.1239  | pmc=2132509  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Katahira J, Sugiyama H, Inoue N |title=Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin utilizes two structurally related membrane proteins as functional receptors in vivo. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 42 |pages= 26652–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9334247 |doi=10.1074/jbc.272.42.26652  |display-authors=etal|doi-access= free}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Paperna T, Peoples R, Wang YK |title=Genes for the CPE receptor (CPETR1) and the human homolog of RVP1 (CPETR2) are localized within the Williams-Beuren syndrome deletion. |journal=Genomics |volume=54 |issue= 3 |pages= 453–9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9878248 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1998.5619 |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Morita K, Furuse M, Fujimoto K, Tsukita S |title=Claudin multigene family encoding four-transmembrane domain protein components of tight junction strands. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=96 |issue= 2 |pages= 511–6 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9892664 |doi=10.1073/pnas.96.2.511  | pmc=15167  |bibcode=1999PNAS...96..511M |doi-access=free }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Itoh M, Furuse M, Morita K |title=Direct binding of three tight junction-associated MAGUKs, ZO-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3, with the COOH termini of claudins. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=147 |issue= 6 |pages= 1351–63 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10601346 |doi=10.1083/jcb.147.6.1351  | pmc=2168087  |display-authors=etal}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899  | pmc=139241 |bibcode=2002PNAS...9916899M |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Colegio OR, Van Itallie C, Rahner C, Anderson JM |title=Claudin extracellular domains determine paracellular charge selectivity and resistance but not tight junction fibril architecture. |journal=Am. J. Physiol., Cell Physiol. |volume=284 |issue= 6 |pages= C1346–54 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12700140 |doi= 10.1152/ajpcell.00547.2002 }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Katoh M, Katoh M |title=CLDN23 gene, frequently down-regulated in intestinal-type gastric cancer, is a novel member of CLAUDIN gene family. |journal=Int. J. Mol. Med. |volume=11 |issue= 6 |pages= 683–9 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12736707 |doi=  10.3892/ijmm.11.6.683}}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA |title=The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7. |journal=Nature |volume=424 |issue= 6945 |pages= 157–64 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12853948 |doi= 10.1038/nature01782 |bibcode=2003Natur.424..157H |display-authors=etal|doi-access=free }}
*{{cite journal  | vauthors=Michl P, Barth C, Buchholz M |title=Claudin-4 expression decreases invasiveness and metastatic potential of pancreatic cancer. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=63 |issue= 19 |pages= 6265–71 |year= 2003 |pmid= 14559813 |display-authors=etal}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Liu F, Koval M, Ranganathan S, Fanayan S, Hancock WS, Lundberg EK, Beavis RC, Lane L, Duek P, McQuade L, Kelleher NL, Baker MS | title = A systems proteomics view of the endogenous human claudin protein family | journal = J Proteome Res | volume = 15 | issue = 2 | pages = 339–59 | date= 2015 | pmid = 26680015 | pmc = 4777318 | doi = 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00769 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Ohta Y, Sasaki Y, Saito M, Kushima M, Takimoto M, Shiokawa A, Ota H | title = Claudin-4 as a marker for distinguishing malignant mesothelioma from lung carcinoma and serous adenocarcinoma | journal = Int J Surg Pathol | volume = 21 | issue = 5 | pages = 493–501 | date= 2013 | pmid = 23775021 | doi = 10.1177/1066896913491320 | s2cid = 6840615 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Vojtek M, Walsh MD, Papadimos DJ, Shield PW | title =  Claudin-4 immunohistochemistry is a useful pan-carcinoma marker for serous effusion specimens | journal = Cytopathology | volume = 30 | issue = 6 | pages = 614–619 | date= 2019 | doi = 10.1111/cyt.12765 | pmid = 31390089 | s2cid = 199468828 | url = https://eprints.qut.edu.au/196951/1/45814935.pdf }}
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [CLDN4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN4) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLDN4?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.