# CD78

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Protein found in humans

**CD78** is a [protein](/source/Protein) expressed on the surface of some immature and all mature [B-cells](/source/B-cells). It is considered a pan-B cell [antigen](/source/Antigen).[1] Other names include *Cdw78, Ba antigen, Leu21* and *LO-panB-a*.[2]

## Function

It is part of the [MHC class II](/source/MHC_class_II).[1]

## Expression

CD78 is expressed on all stages of B cell development from pre-B cell through [plasma cells](/source/Plasma_cells).[3] Its expression is strongest on activated B cells.

It is also present on tissue [macrophages](/source/Macrophage) and on [epithelial](/source/Epithelial) cells.[2]

## Clinical significance

With [flow cytometry](/source/Flow_cytometry), it can be used to detect B cells during many stages of their development.[2] It is one of relatively few markers usefully expressed on plasma cells, and when combined with detection of markers such as CD22, can be used to determine the relative proportion of plasma cells.[3]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-pmid8527406_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-pmid8527406_1-1) Slack JL, Armitage RJ, Ziegler SF, Dower SK, Gruss HJ (July 1995). "Molecular characterization of the pan-B cell antigen CDw78 as a MHC class II molecule by direct expression cloning of the transcription factor CIITA". *International Immunology*. **7** (7): 1087–92. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1093/intimm/7.7.1087](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fintimm%2F7.7.1087). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [8527406](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8527406).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Abcam_datasheet_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Abcam_datasheet_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Abcam_datasheet_2-2) ["CD78 antibody (60-3G2) (ab24151) datasheet"](https://www.abcam.com/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/cd78-antibody-60-3g2-ab24151). Abcam. Retrieved 2008-10-28.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Bona_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Bona_3-1) Bona, Constantin; Francisco A. Bonilla (1996). "5". *Textbook of Immunology*. Martin Soohoo (2 ed.). CRC Press. p. 102. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-3-7186-0596-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-7186-0596-5).

v t e Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation) 1–50 CD1 a-c 1A 1B 1D 1E CD2 CD3 γ δ ε CD4 CD5 CD6 CD7 CD8 a CD9 CD10 CD11 a b c d CD13 CD14 CD15 CD16 A B CD18 CD19 CD20 CD21 CD22 CD23 CD24 CD25 CD26 CD27 CD28 CD29 CD30 CD31 CD32 A B CD33 CD34 CD35 CD36 CD37 CD38 CD39 CD40 CD41 CD42 a b c d CD43 CD44 CD45 CD46 CD47 CD48 CD49 a b c d e f CD50 51–100 CD51 CD52 CD53 CD54 CD55 CD56 CD57 CD58 CD59 CD61 CD62 E L P CD63 CD64 A B C CD66 a b c d e f CD68 CD69 CD70 CD71 CD72 CD73 CD74 CD78 CD79 a b CD80 CD81 CD82 CD83 CD84 CD85 a d e h j k CD86 CD87 CD88 CD89 CD90 CD91 CD92 CD93 CD94 CD95 CD96 CD97 CD98 CD99 CD100 101–150 CD101 CD102 CD103 CD104 CD105 CD106 CD107 a b CD108 CD109 CD110 CD111 CD112 CD113 CD114 CD115 CD116 CD117 CD118 CD119 CD120 a b CD121 a b CD122 CD123 CD124 CD125 CD126 CD127 CD129 CD130 CD131 CD132 CD133 CD134 CD135 CD136 CD137 CD138 CD140b CD141 CD142 CD143 CD144 CD146 CD147 CD148 CD150 151–200 CD151 CD152 CD153 CD154 CD155 CD156 a b c CD157 CD158 (a d e i k) CD159 a c CD160 CD161 CD162 CD163 CD164 CD166 CD167 a b CD168 CD169 CD170 CD171 CD172 a b g CD174 CD177 CD178 CD179 a b CD180 CD181 CD182 CD183 CD184 CD185 CD186 CD191 CD192 CD193 CD194 CD195 CD196 CD197 CDw198 CDw199 CD200 201–250 CD201 CD202b CD204 CD205 CD206 CD207 CD208 CD209 CDw210 a b CD212 CD213a 1 2 CD217 CD218 (a b) CD220 CD221 CD222 CD223 CD224 CD225 CD226 CD227 CD228 CD229 CD230 CD233 CD234 CD235 a b CD236 CD238 CD239 CD240CE CD240D CD241 CD243 CD244 CD246 CD247 CD248 CD249 251–300 CD252 CD253 CD254 CD256 CD257 CD258 CD261 CD262 CD263 CD264 CD265 CD266 CD267 CD268 CD269 CD271 CD272 CD273 CD274 CD275 CD276 CD278 CD279 CD280 CD281 CD282 CD283 CD284 CD286 CD288 CD289 CD290 CD292 CDw293 CD294 CD295 CD297 CD298 CD299 301–350 CD300A CD301 CD302 CD303 CD304 CD305 CD306 CD307 CD309 CD312 CD314 CD315 CD316 CD317 CD318 CD320 CD321 CD322 CD324 CD325 CD326 CD327 CD328 CD329 CD331 CD332 CD333 CD334 CD335 CD336 CD337 CD338 CD339 CD340 CD344 CD349 CD350 351–371 CD351 CD352 CD353 CD354 CD355 CD357 CD358 CD360 CD361 CD362 CD363 CD364 CD365 CD366 CD367 CD368 CD369 CD370 CD371 Category Commons

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [CD78](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD78) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD78?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.