# Bushy cell

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{{One source|date=October 2022}}
'''Bushy cells''' are two types of second order neuron found in the anterior part of the [ventral cochlear nucleus](/source/ventral_cochlear_nucleus), the AVCN. They can be ''globular'' or ''spherical'' giving outputs to different parts of the [superior olivary complex](/source/superior_olivary_complex).

==Structure==
Bushy cells are named after their appearance to [bushes](/source/bushes), having short dendrites. They are almost completely engulfed by the synaptic connections from the [endbulbs of Held](/source/calyx_of_Held).<ref name="Niparko">{{cite book|last1=Niparko|first1=John|author1link=John Niparko|title=Cochlear implants : principles & practices|date=2009|publisher=Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0781777490|pages=8–9|edition=2nd}}</ref>

==Function==
Because of the large synaptic contact from the [auditory nerve](/source/auditory_nerve) fibres, the output pattern from the bushy cell is almost the same as the auditory nerve input. Projections from the globular bushy cells extend to the [superior olive](/source/olivary_body) on both sides of the [brainstem](/source/brainstem) where they give input to the bipolar neurons. The superior olive is an area seen to be of importance in the processing of binaural signals.<ref name=Niparko/>

Projections from the spherical bushy cells give excitatory input to the lateral and medial parts of the superior olive (the LSO and MSO). Again their very close synaptic coupling suggest a part in the role of processing [interaural time difference](/source/interaural_time_difference)s,<ref name=Niparko/> while their connection to the LSO suggests that fast timing is also important in processing [interaural level difference](/source/interaural_level_difference).<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Philip X. Joris |author2=Laurence O. Trussell |title=The Calyx of Held: A Hypothesis on the Need for Reliable Timing in an Intensity-Difference Encoder |journal=Neuron |date=2018 |volume=100 |issue=3 |pages=534–549 |doi=10.1016/j.neuron.2018.10.026 |pmid=30408442 |pmc=6263157 }}</ref>

== See also ==
[List of distinct cell types in the adult human body](/source/List_of_distinct_cell_types_in_the_adult_human_body)

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
Google books [https://books.google.com/books?id=VUisHOM--UkC&q=bushy+cell&pg=PA8]

Category:Neurons

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Bushy cell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushy_cell) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushy_cell?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.