# Buniapone

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{{Short description|Genus of ants}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Pachycondyla amblyops casent0172431 profile 1.jpg
|image_caption = ''Buniapone amblyops'' worker, [holotype](/source/holotype) specimen
|display_parents = 4
|genus = Buniapone
|parent_authority = Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014
|species = amblyops
|authority = ([Emery](/source/Carlo_Emery), 1887)
|synonyms = ''Ponera amblyops'' <small>Emery, 1887</small> (type species of ''Buniapone'')
}}

'''''Buniapone''''' is a [monotypic genus](/source/monotypic_taxon) of [ant](/source/ant)s in the [subfamily](/source/subfamily) [Ponerinae](/source/Ponerinae).<ref name="AntCat"/> '''''Buniapone amblyops''''', the single described species, is found in Southern and Southeast Asia.

==Etymology==
thumb|left|Head view of a ''Buniapone amblyops'' worker
The genus name is derived from [orang bunian](/source/orang_bunian), supernatural forest-living beings in [Malay folklore](/source/Malay_folklore), with the suffix ''-pone'' from the name of subfamily.<ref name="Schmidt&Shattuck_2014"/>

==Taxonomy==
The genus was established by Schmidt & Shattuck (2014) to house the single species ''Ponera amblyops'' (at the time a [junior synonym](/source/junior_synonym) ''Pachycondyla amblyops''), which was first described by [Emery](/source/Carlo_Emery) (1887)<ref name="Emery_1887"/> from worker specimen from the Indonesian island of [Sumatra](/source/Sumatra). The [type species](/source/type_species) has a long and complicated taxonomic history, variously belonging to the genera ''[Ponera](/source/Ponera)'', ''Trapeziopelta'' (now ''[Myopias](/source/Myopias)''), ''[Belonopelta](/source/Belonopelta)'', ''[Pachycondyla](/source/Pachycondyla)'', ''[Pseudoponera](/source/Pseudoponera)'', ''[Euponera](/source/Euponera)'' and ''[Pachycondyla](/source/Pachycondyla)''. One [subspecies](/source/subspecies), ''B. amblyops oculatior'' from Indonesia, has been described.<ref name="Schmidt&Shattuck_2014"/> [Molecular phylogeny](/source/Molecular_phylogeny) by Schmidt (2013) resolved ''Buniapone'' as a [sister](/source/sister_group) to the strictly African genus ''[Paltothyreus](/source/Paltothyreus)''.<ref name="Schmidt_2013"/>

==Distribution==
The genus is distributed in Southern and Southeast Asia, from China to Indonesia and India.<ref name="Schmidt&Shattuck_2014"/>

==Description==
Little is known about their biology, but they have a subterranean lifestyle and are thought to be predators, although not strictly carnivorous. Workers are medium in size (5.5–6.5&nbsp;mm), orange-colored, and have long and narrow mandibles with seven teeth. Queens are similar to the workers, but larger (9.25&nbsp;mm). ''Buniapone'' is morphologically similar to some ''[Cryptopone](/source/Cryptopone)'' and ''[Promyopias](/source/Promyopias)'' species. However, ''Buniapone'' is more closely related to other species and the similarities are deemed to have evolved through [convergent evolution](/source/convergent_evolution).<ref name="Schmidt&Shattuck_2014"/>

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="AntCat">{{AntCat|461790|''Buniapone''|2015|accessdate=6 January 2015}}</ref>

<ref name="Emery_1887">{{cite journal |last=Emery |first=C. |date=1887 |title=Catalogo delle formiche esistenti nelle collezioni del Museo Civico di Genova. Parte terza. Formiche della regione Indo-Malese e dell'Australia (continuazione e fine). |journal=Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale |volume=25 |pages=433–448}}</ref>

<ref name="Schmidt_2013">{{cite journal |last=Schmidt |first=C. A. |date=2013 |title=Molecular phylogenetics of ponerine ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae) |journal=[Zootaxa](/source/Zootaxa) |volume=3647 |issue=2 |pages=201–250 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3647.2.1|pmid=26295106 }}</ref>

<ref name="Schmidt&Shattuck_2014">{{cite journal |last1=Schmidt |first1=C. A. |last2=Shattuck |first2=S. O. |date=2014 |title=The Higher Classification of the Ant Subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a Review of Ponerine Ecology and Behavior |journal=[Zootaxa](/source/Zootaxa) |volume=3817 |issue=1 |pages=1–242 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3817.1.1 |pmid=24943802}}</ref>

}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline|Pachycondyla amblyops|''Buniapone amblyops''}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q19903632}}

Category:Ponerinae
Category:Monotypic ant genera
Category:Hymenoptera of Asia

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Buniapone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buniapone) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buniapone?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.