# Buenos Aires Underground

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Underground
> Source revision: 1340821088
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

Rapid transit railway in Buenos Aires, Argentina

"SBASE" redirects here. For the set of Unix programs, see [sbase](/source/Sbase).

Buenos Aires Underground Bolívar station Overview Native name Subterráneo de Buenos Aires Owner Subterráneos de Buenos Aires S.E. (government corporation) Locale Buenos Aires Transit type Rapid transit Number of lines 6 heavy rail 1 light rail (Line P) Number of stations 90 (108 including Line P) Daily ridership 545,523 (2024)[1] Annual ridership 199,116,074[1] Website City of Buenos Aires Operation Began operation 1 December 1913; 112 years ago (1913-12-01) Operator(s) Emova Movilidad S.A. Technical System length 56.7 km (35.2 mi) 64.1 km (39.8 mi) including Line P Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge Electrification : Overhead line, 1,500 V DC : Overhead line and third rail, 550 V DC : Overhead line, 750 V DC System map

The **Buenos Aires Underground** (Spanish: *Subterráneo de Buenos Aires*), locally known as **Subte** (Spanish: [\[ˈsuβte\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish)), is a [rapid transit](/source/Rapid_transit) system that serves the area of the city of [Buenos Aires](/source/Buenos_Aires), Argentina. The first section of this network (Plaza de Mayo–Plaza Miserere) opened in 1913, making it the [13th earliest subway network in the world](/source/List_of_metro_systems#List) and the first underground railway in [Latin America](/source/Latin_America), the [Southern Hemisphere](/source/Southern_Hemisphere), and the [Spanish-speaking world](/source/Hispanophone), with the [Madrid Metro](/source/Madrid_Metro) opening nearly six years later, in 1919. As of 2025, Buenos Aires is the only Argentine city with a metro system.

Currently, the underground network's six lines—[A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), [B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), [C](/source/Line_C_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), [D](/source/Line_D_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), [E](/source/Line_E_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), and [H](/source/Line_H_(Buenos_Aires_Underground))—comprise 56.7 kilometers (35.2 mi) of routes that serve 90 stations. The network is complemented by the 7.4-kilometre-long (4.6 mi) [Line P](/source/Premetro_(Buenos_Aires)), an 18 station [premetro](/source/Premetro) line. Traffic on subterranean lines [moves on the left](/source/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic) because Argentina drove on the left at the time the system opened. Over a million passengers use the network, which also provides connections with the city's extensive [commuter rail](/source/Rail_transport_in_Argentina#Buenos_Aires) and [bus rapid transport](/source/Metrobus_(Buenos_Aires)) networks.

The network expanded rapidly during the early decades of the 20th century; by 1944, its main routes were completed, with the addition of its newest line occurring as late as 2007. The pace of expansion fell sharply after the [Second World War](/source/Second_World_War). In the late 1990s, expansion resumed at a quicker pace, and four new lines were planned for the network. Despite this, the network's expansion has been largely exceeded by the transportation needs of the city and is said to be overcrowded. In 2015, two modernization plans were presented: City of Buenos Aires Law 670,[2] proposing the creation of 3 new lines (F, G, and I), and the PETERS plan, wherein 2 lines were to be created and the I line would have been postponed for future expansion, plus several other route amendments. However, since 2019, there have been no expansions under construction, for the first time in half a century.[3]

The entire network was nationalized in 1939, remaining in state hands and operation until the mid-1990s, when it entered into a [concession](/source/Concession_(contract)) model. The previously state-operated lines were offered as 20-year concessions to interested private parties; the two complementary lines were also included in this privatization, and all were operated by [Metrovías](/source/Metrov%C3%ADas) from 1995 to 2021, though the network and rolling stock remain the property of the City of Buenos Aires.

In December 2021, "Emova Movilidad S.A." took over the concession of the Buenos Aires Underground for 12 years. Emova is also part of the Roggio Group, associated with former operator Metrovías.[4]

## History

The *Subte* opened in 1913, becoming the 13th underground system in the world,[5] as well as the first in [Latin America](/source/Latin_America), the [Southern Hemisphere](/source/Southern_Hemisphere) and the [Hispanophone](/source/Hispanophone) world,[6] followed by the [Madrid Metro](/source/Madrid_Metro) in 1919.[7][8] The creation of the underground was part of a number of other urban transformations. A system of public water and sewage was first completed in 1886 and expanded in the subsequent decades, and many streets were paved as part of this same urban renewal.[9]

The underground network was originally built and operated by three separate private companies and later nationalized in 1939. In 1952 it was absorbed by a unified state administration, in 1963 it became the property of a newly founded company, which changed hands in 1979.[10] The Subte then entered into a [concession](/source/Concession_(contract)) model in the mid-1990s through which private sector parties were to submit bids to execute investment plans "designed and funded" by the state, while implemented by the concessionaire. All the Underground lines, along with the [Urquiza Line](/source/Urquiza_Line) and [Premetro](/source/Premetro_(Buenos_Aires)) were offered as 20-year concessions to interested private parties. By 1995, Metrovías took over the Subte under a $395 million plan.[11]

### Early days

See also: [Line A (Buenos Aires Underground)](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and [Trams in Buenos Aires](/source/Trams_in_Buenos_Aires)

The *Le Tellier* [aerial tramway](/source/Aerial_tramway) was an early proposed alternative to the [existing tramway system](/source/Trams_in_Buenos_Aires) (1889)

Vice president [Victorino de la Plaza](/source/Victorino_de_la_Plaza) opening Line A (1913)

Construction of [Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) under the [Avenida de Mayo](/source/Avenida_de_Mayo) (1912)

In its early days, Line A continued on above ground (1913).

Entrance to [Diagonal Norte](/source/Diagonal_Norte_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) station on [Line C](/source/Line_C_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) (1936)

Inside a [Line B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) [Metropolitan Cammell](/source/Metropolitan_Cammell) car, circa 1938

Evolution of the network from 1913 to 2015.

Discussions on the need to build an underground transportation system in Buenos Aires began in the late nineteenth century, alongside the [tramway system](/source/Trams_in_Buenos_Aires), which was one of the most extensive in the world at the time. The first trams appeared in 1870, and by about 1900 the system was in a crisis exacerbated by the monopolization of the lines, which had concentrated under the ownership of fewer companies during the [electrification](/source/Electrification) of the system.[12]

In this context, the first proposals for the building of an underground system were made, along with requests for government grants: first, in 1886, and several more in 1889. However, the [Ministry of Interior](/source/Interior_ministry) (*Ministerio del Interior*, in Spanish) denied the city administration the power to license building in the city's [subsoil](/source/Subsoil) and for this reason, subsequent drafts were submitted directly to this ministry.[13] In 1894, when it was decided to construct the [Congress](/source/Argentine_National_Congress) building in its present location, the underground idea was revived, since it would shorten the travel time between the [Casa Rosada](/source/Casa_Rosada) and the Congress. In 1896 Miguel Cané, former mayor of Buenos Aires (1892–1893), expressed the need to build an underground railway similar to the one in London[14][15]

There were numerous proposals at the time to build an electric [aerial tramway](/source/Aerial_tramway), with one such line to go down the [Avenida de Mayo](/source/Avenida_de_Mayo).[15][16] One proposal was the 1889 *Le Tellier* proposal, which envisioned multiple lines running along the city's wider avenues with the trams [moved using cables](/source/Cable_car_(railway)) and would hang from steel rails fixed to 6-metre-high (20 ft) steel and iron posts positioned in 10-to-15-metre (33 to 49 ft) intervals. The lines would take 24 months to build, and construction would commence 3 months after their approval by the Argentine National Congress, a decision which was ultimately not taken, favoring instead an underground tramway.[16][17]

The first Underground line was opened on 1 December 1913 and was built by the [Anglo-Argentine Tramways Company](/source/Anglo-Argentine_Tramways_Company) (AATC), which had been given permission to build in 1909. That line was made up of one of the existing sections of [Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), linking the stations of [Plaza de Mayo](/source/Plaza_de_Mayo_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and [Plaza Miserere](/source/Plaza_Miserere_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)).[18] 170,000 passengers took part in the line's first trip.[19] On 1 April 1914 the line was to expand to [Río de Janeiro](/source/R%C3%ADo_de_Janeiro_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) station and on 1 July was extended to [Primera Junta](/source/Primera_Junta_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) Station.[19]

In 1912, the [Lacroze Hermanos company](/source/Federico_Lacroze) won a concession to build another Underground line. The company was a competitor to the Anglo-Argentine company, operating tramways in Buenos Aires as well as the [Buenos Aires Central Railway](/source/Buenos_Aires_Central_Railway), which later became part of the [Urquiza Line](/source/Urquiza_Line).[20][*[self-published source?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources)*] Construction began in 1927, and this line became [Line B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) when it was inaugurated on 17 October 1930.[19][21] During 17–18 December, 380,000 passengers travelled on the line's then 32 cars.[19] The line was originally intended to continue above ground, with the current [Federico Lacroze](/source/Federico_Lacroze_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) station to be the central terminal of the Buenos Aires Central Railway (today the [General Urquiza Railway](/source/General_Urquiza_Railway)), however nowadays the overground service forms part of the [Urquiza Line](/source/Urquiza_Line) instead.[22]

By the 1920s, the Argentine government was dissatisfied with the lack of progress the AATC (which enjoyed a near-monopoly on the city's tramways by this point) had made in expanding the rest of the network and thus revoked its right to build any more lines in 1930, seeking instead another company to do so.[23] By this point, the AATC had only built 48 meters of what is today [Line C](/source/Line_C_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), a line which would link two of the city's most important rail terminals ([Constitución](/source/Constituci%C3%B3n_railway_station) and [Retiro](/source/Retiro_railway_station)) together.[24] In 1933 a third company, the Hispano-Argentina Company of Public Works and Finances (*Compañía Hispano–Argentina de Obras Públicas y Finanzas (CHADOPyF)*, in Spanish) began construction of the other Underground lines.[25] Line C's first section, [Constitución railway station](/source/Constituci%C3%B3n_railway_station)-[Diagonal Norte](/source/Diagonal_Norte_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), was inaugurated on 9 November 1934 by [Agustín P. Justo](/source/Agust%C3%ADn_P._Justo), then President of Argentina.[19]

CHADOPyF opened [Line D](/source/Line_D_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) in 1937, from [Catedral](/source/Catedral_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) through [Tribunales](/source/Tribunales_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)); with [Line E](/source/Line_E_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) following later in 1944, from Constitución to San Juan y Urquiza, later joining with [Boedo station](/source/Boedo_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)).[19] By this point the advent of the [Second World War](/source/Second_World_War) had slowed expansion significantly, but the network was 29 km (18 mi) in length with each of the three companies – unusually for an underground network – continuing to run their respective lines, which were financed entirely with private capital, unlike [the country's railways](/source/Rail_transport_in_Argentina) which had been largely dependent on subsidies.[24][26]

### Nationalisation

[Bolívar](/source/Bol%C3%ADvar_(Buenos_Aires_Underground))  station on [Line E](/source/Line_E_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) was opened in 1966.

Former logo of SBA (1963–1980s)

Current logo of SBASE (1980s-present)

The entire network was centralized and nationalized in 1939 under the management of the Transport Corporation of Buenos Aires (CTCBA) and the lines were given their current lettered naming scheme, from A to D in the order in which the lines were opened.[12][27] In 1952, the CTCBA was absorbed by the Buenos Aires Transport General Administration (AGTBA), and in 1963, the administration was dissolved and the underground network became the property of the *Subterráneos de Buenos Aires* company (SBA).[7][12]

In the early years of nationalization, interchanges were provided between the lines previously belonging to the three different companies that built them (AATC, CHADOPyF and Lacroze) since previously only the CHADOPyF lines (C, D and E) had formal connections between them. However, the rate of expansion of the network during this period had slowed considerably and only one station was opened during the 1970s.[26]

Four different long-term expansion proposals were put forward between 1964 and 1991 which all proposed adding numerous lines to the network as well as extending the existing ones. Given the political instability characteristic of Argentina during this time, none of these proposals came to fruition, though aspects of them have been incorporated into contemporary expansion plans. One additional proposal put forward in 1973 saw the unification of the city's commuter rail lines through tunnels and incorporated into the Buenos Aires Underground, and while this was also shelved, it was included in the [Red de Expresos Regionales](/source/Red_de_Expresos_Regionales) proposal.[28][29]

During the 1960s and 70s, efforts were primarily concentrated on Line E, which was re-routed from its terminus at [Constitución](/source/Constituci%C3%B3n_(Line_E_Buenos_Aires_Underground)) to the centre of the city at the [Plaza de Mayo](/source/Plaza_de_Mayo) in an attempt to boost passenger figures, something which proved to be successful.[26] The segment was opened by president [Arturo Illia](/source/Arturo_Illia) in 1966 and [Spain](/source/Spain) offered [CAF](/source/Construcciones_y_Auxiliar_de_Ferrocarriles)-General Eléctrica Española trains in order to cancel part of the debt it had accrued with Argentina; trains which continue to serve on the line today.[30] The line was extended westward to [José María Moreno](/source/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Moreno_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) in a project that began in 1969 and opened in 1973.[30]

In 1979, SBA became *Subterráneos de Buenos Aires Sociedad del Estado* (SBASE) under Buenos Aires mayor [Osvaldo Cacciatore](/source/Osvaldo_Cacciatore) of the [National Reorganisation Process](/source/National_Reorganisation_Process) military junta. After a long period of stagnation, the Underground began to be expanded again with Lines B and E within the scope of these plans, though only the extension of Line E was commenced and completed before the transition to democracy where expansion was once again stalled.[31] During this time, four [Premetro](/source/Premetro) feeder lines were planned leading out from the western termini of Lines D and E as well as one in [Puerto Madero](/source/Puerto_Madero), however only [Line E2](/source/Premetro_(Buenos_Aires)) was completed in 1987 and these plans were scrapped in 1994 when operation of the Underground changed hands.[32][33]

### Privatisation

See also: [Metrovías](/source/Metrov%C3%ADas) and [Railway privatisation in Argentina](/source/Railway_privatisation_in_Argentina)

[Echeverría station](/source/Echeverr%C3%ADa_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) is one of the most recent additions to the network.

In 1994 the operation of the network was [privatized](/source/Railway_Privatisation_in_Argentina), along with [the country's railways](/source/Rail_transport_in_Argentina), and is now managed by [Metrovías](/source/Metrov%C3%ADas). SBASE (as part of the Government of the City of Buenos Aires) maintained ownership of the network, [its rolling stock](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_rolling_stock), and infrastructure, and administers its expansion and budget. One cosmetic change carried out in the 1990s under private operation was the re-assignation of the colors of the lines, with Lines B and D switching colors, Line C changing from purple to blue and Line E changing from yellow to purple. The change of colors was also accompanied by a standardization of the network's signage to match the new schemes.[34]

In 2012, the role of Metrovías was lessened to simply operating the lines, while maintenance of infrastructure became the responsibility of SBASE.[34] The relationship between [Mauricio Macri](/source/Mauricio_Macri)'s mayoral administration and Metrovías became increasingly strained, with the Government of Buenos Aires issuing multiple fines to the operator.[34] The relationship was further strained in 2013 when Metrovías' 20-year concession ended and has since been renewed on a year-by-year basis, leaving the door open for a state-run or mixed operation.[35] Among the public, privatization has proved unpopular, with a survey carried out in 2015 indicating that 82% of passengers would like the Underground to be operated by the state instead of a private company.[36]

In more recent years, [Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and [Line B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) have been extended westwards, adding a total of 4 stations to each line between 2003 and 2013.[37][38][39] During the same period, [Line H](/source/Line_H_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) was opened 2007,[19] making it the first completely new line on the underground since [Line E](/source/Line_E_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), excluding the [Premetro](/source/Premetro_(Buenos_Aires)).[40] There have also been significant modernizations of infrastructure, signaling systems, stations and the [network's rolling stock](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_rolling_stock).[41][42]

The current contract expired on 31 December 2019 with bids put forward by:[43][44]

- [Keolis](/source/Keolis) in partnership with [Transport for London](/source/Transport_for_London) and [Eduardo Eurnekian](/source/Eduardo_Eurnekian)'s Corporación América

- [Metrovías](/source/Metrov%C3%ADas) in partnership with [Deutsche Bahn](/source/Deutsche_Bahn)

- [RATP Group](/source/RATP_Group)

Timeline of openings/closures Date Line Opening(s) Closure 1913-12-01 Plaza de Mayo – Plaza Miserere 1914-04-01 Plaza Miserere – Río de Janeiro 1914-07-01 Río de Janeiro – Primera Junta 1930-10-17 Federico Lacroze – Callao 1931-07-22 Callao – Carlos Pellegrini 1931–12 Carlos Pellegrini – Leandro N. Alem 1934-11-09 Constitución – Diagonal Norte 1936-02-06 Diagonal Norte – Retiro 1937-06-03 Catedral – Tribunales 1940-02-23 Tribunales – Palermo 1944-06-20 Constitución – General Urquiza 1944-12-16 General Urquiza – Boedo (old) 1953-08-06 Pasco Sur Alberti Norte 1960-12-09 General Urquiza – Boedo (current) General Urquiza – Boedo (old) 1966-04-24 Boedo (current) – Av. La Plata San José – Bolívar San José vieja Constitución 1973-06-23 Av. La Plata – José María Moreno 1985-10-07 José María Moreno – Emilio Mitre 1985-10-31 Emilio Mitre – Medalla Milagrosa 1985-11-27 Medalla Milagrosa – Varela 1986-05-08 Varela – Plaza de los Virreyes 1987-04-29 Intendente Saguier – Centro Cívico Intendente Saguier – General Savio 1987-12-29 Palermo – Ministro Carranza 1997-05-31 Ministro Carranza – José Hernández 1999-06-21 José Hernández – Juramento 2000-03-13 Fátima 2000-04-27 Juramento – Congreso de Tucumán 2003-08-09 Federico Lacroze – Los Incas/Parque Chas 2006-11-07 Pola 2007-10-18 Once – Caseros 2008-12-23 Primera Junta – Carabobo 2010-12-06 Once – Corrientes 2011-10-04 Caseros – Parque Patricios 2013-05-27 Parque Patricios – Hospitales 2013-07-26 Los Incas/Parque Chas – Juan Manuel de Rosas 2013-09-27 Carabobo – San Pedrito 2015-12-18 Corrientes – Las Heras 2016-07-12 Santa Fe 2018-05-17 Las Heras – Facultad de Derecho 2019-06-03 Bolivar – Retiro

## Network and services

The network comprises six underground lines, labelled "A" to "E" and "H" and which are further identified by different colours, covering a total route length of 56.7 kilometers (35.2 mi) and serving 90 stations. There is also one surface 7.4-kilometer (4.6 mi) [Premetro](/source/Premetro_(Buenos_Aires)) "P" line with an additional 17 stations. Daily ridership was approximately 1.11 million in 2015. With the current usage patterns, the entire system is overstretched, and during weekdays overcrowded and with insufficient services. An expansion programme is underway, and it is expected to enlarge the network to 97 kilometers (60 mi) in the future.[45] Similarly, [new rolling stock](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_rolling_stock) has been incorporated across lines between 2013 and 2016, followed by further orders of new rolling stock, which was expected to increase ridership figures to 1.8 million by 2019.[41]

### Fares and operating times

The network historically used [token coins](/source/Token_coin), but now uses the [SUBE card](/source/SUBE_card).

Prior to 2024, standard fares cost [AR$](/source/Argentine_Peso)125 per trip on the Subte, regardless of travelled distance. After 20 trips, the fare is discounted 20%; after 30 trips, 30%, and after 40 trips the fare is discounted 40%. The [Premetro](/source/Premetro_(Buenos_Aires)) has a flat rate of AR$43.75. Fares have been increased multiple times due to devaluation of the Argentine Peso. While tokens have been used in the past, at present riders use [contactless](/source/Contactless_smart_card) cards called [SUBE](/source/SUBE_card), which are rechargeable with multiple forms of payment. Previously, single or multi-use paper cards with a magnetic strip (called [Subtepass](/source/Subtepass)) were used, however, these were phased out of the system in May 2016, opting instead only to use the digital cards, with the exception of some retired, disabled and student cards.[46][47] In 2024, fares were raised to [AR$](/source/Argentine_Peso)574, an increase of 360%, as part of austerity policies introduced by President [Javier Milei](/source/Javier_Milei).[48]

Trains run from 05:00 until 23:00, every 3–4 minutes, for all lines except [Line H](/source/Line_H_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) which has a frequency of around 6 minutes.[49] Under modernisation plans commenced in 2013, service frequencies increased to an average of one train every 2 minutes 20 seconds by 2019.[41]

Trains originally ran until 01:00 am, but following the privatisation of the service through concession to [Metrovías](/source/Metrov%C3%ADas), the company established an earlier closing time of 23:00 in 1994 to carry out works on the lines. This change was only meant to be temporary, but was never reverted even after the works were completed.[50] There have been numerous petitions as well as a campaign by the City [Ombudsman](/source/Ombudsman) to extend services to 1:30 am on weekdays and 3:00 am on Fridays and Saturdays. These proposals have been rejected by Subterráneos de Buenos Aires, which stated in 2015 that the reduced schedule is needed in order to carry out infrastructure modernisation works across all the lines while they are closed.[51]

The Subte operations are radio-controlled and monitored remotely from the Metrovías Central Operations Post (PCO in Spanish). There 24 operators have been monitoring four of the six subway lines (lines C and H have separate monitoring) since 2001. As of 2015, last formations arrive at their respective terminals at approximately 11:30 pm, where maintenance and cleaning operations take place until about 4:00 am.[19]

Buenos Aires Underground Lines[52] Line Year of opening Last expansion Original path Current termini Length (km) Number of stations Daily passengers (2024)[53] 1913 2013 Plaza de Mayo – Plaza Miserere Plaza de Mayo – San Pedrito 9.8 18 (17 per orientation) 109,964 1930 2013 Federico Lacroze – Callao L. N. Alem – J.M. de Rosas 11.9 17 137,167 1934 1936 Constitución – Diagonal Norte Constitución – Retiro 4.5 9 86,657 1937 2000 Catedral – Tribunales Catedral – Congreso de Tucumán 10.4 16 96,279 1944 2019 Constitución – Gral. Urquiza Retiro – Plaza de los Virreyes 12 18 53,237 2007 2018 Once – Caseros Facultad de Derecho – Hospitales 8.8 12 60,547

### Premetro

Main article: [Premetro (Buenos Aires)](/source/Premetro_(Buenos_Aires))

Tram by Argentine company [Materfer](/source/Materfer).

The **PreMetro line E2** is a 7.4-kilometer (4.6 mi) tramway feeding [Line E](/source/Line_E_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)). The Premetro line opened in 1987. It carries approximately 2,300 passengers daily and is also run by [Metrovías](/source/Metrov%C3%ADas).[52] In 2015, SBASE began making plans to refurbish and rebuild many of the stations, including a brand-new central terminal, as part of a plan to modernise the network, with the intent of increasing the amount of rolling stock in circulation.[54][55] By the end of 2015, the [Intendente Saguier](/source/Intendente_Saguier_(Buenos_Aires_Premetro)) terminal had been refurbished, though other works on the line were delayed.[56]

The Premetro was originally intended to include a number of feeder lines to the Underground network, including a second one to [Line E](/source/Line_E_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and ones on lines [C](/source/Line_C_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and [D](/source/Line_D_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)). The Premetro project was largely abandoned since it occurred in Argentina's transition to democracy from the [military junta](/source/National_Reorganization_Process) and then [the privatisation of the railways](/source/Railway_privatisation_in_Argentina), which was a difficult time economically for the country, and only Line E2 was built. New Premetro feeder lines have been proposed in recent years, however, the role of the network has given way to the new [Metrobus](/source/Metrobus_(Buenos_Aires)) network which covers many of the same routes originally intended for the Premetro.[57][58]

### Urquiza Line

Main article: [Urquiza Line](/source/Urquiza_Line)

[Line B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) rolling stock running aboveground on the [Urquiza Line](/source/Urquiza_Line)

**Línea Urquiza** (in English: Urquiza Line) is a 26-kilometer (16 mi)[52] suburban electric [commuter rail](/source/Commuter_rail) line originally designed to be part of the Underground system as part of [Line B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and operated by the Underground operator [Metrovías](/source/Metrov%C3%ADas). As a result, it has similar characteristics to Line B, using [third rail](/source/Third_rail) electrification and [standard gauge](/source/Standard_gauge) as opposed to the [broad gauge](/source/Broad_gauge) used in the Buenos Aires commuter rail network. It runs from the [Federico Lacroze terminus](/source/Estaci%C3%B3n_Federico_Lacroze) in the *[barrio](/source/Barrio)* of [Chacarita](/source/Chacarita%2C_Buenos_Aires), to General Lemos terminus, [Campo de Mayo](/source/Campo_de_Mayo) in [Greater Buenos Aires](/source/Greater_Buenos_Aires). The line is completely at grade (ground-level) and uses third rail current collection. It operates 20 hours a day, 7 days a week at 8-to-30-minute intervals. The Urquiza Line transported 15 million passengers in 2013.[52]

Originally the line was planned to run into the centre of Buenos Aires through a long tunnel. But when the tunnel was finally built in 1930, it ended up as [Line B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)). The access ramp still exists and is in use today, but for maintenance and storage purposes rather than for passenger services.[59] The Urquiza Line itself opened in 1948, so suburban passengers travelling on the Underground's Line B have to transfer to the Urquiza Line at Federico Lacroze station, named after [its builder](/source/Federico_Lacroze), about 6 km (3.7 mi) from the city centre.[60][61]

## Stations and connections

See also: [List of Buenos Aires Underground stations](/source/List_of_Buenos_Aires_Underground_stations)

*Stations are listed from East to West or North to South. Stations in gray have yet to open. Stations in bold are the current termini. Small interchange icons indicate interchanges under construction*

Legend 0 km 0 mi Plaza de Mayo 0.1 km 0.1 mi service tunnel 0.3 km 0.2 mi Perú 0.7 km 0.4 mi Piedras 1.0 km 0.6 mi Lima 1.4 km 0.9 mi Sáenz Peña 2.0 km 1.2 mi Congreso 2.5 km 1.6 mi Pasco │ Pasco Sur 2.7 km 1.7 mi Alberti Norte │ Alberti 3.3 km 2.1 mi Plaza Miserere to Sarmiento Railway 4.0 km 2.5 mi Loria 4.7 km 2.9 mi Castro Barros 5.5 km 3.4 mi Río de Janeiro 6.2 km 3.9 mi Acoyte 6.7 km 4.2 mi Primera Junta 7.0 km 4.3 mi Polvorín Workshop 7.4 km 4.6 mi Puán 8.3 km 5.2 mi Carabobo 9.0 km 5.6 mi San José de Flores 9.7 km 6 mi San Pedrito 10.8 km 6.7 mi San Pedrito depot This diagram: view talk edit Legend Leandro N. Alem Florida Carlos Pellegrini Uruguay Callao Pasteur Pueyrredón Carlos Gardel Medrano Ángel Gallardo Malabia Dorrego Rancagua Workshop Federico Lacroze to Urquiza Railway Tronador - Villa Ortúzar Los Incas - Parque Chas Echeverría Juan Manuel de Rosas Rosas Workshop This diagram: view talk edit Legend Retiro General San Martín San Martín Workshops Lavalle Diagonal Norte Service tunnel Avenida de Mayo Moreno Independencia San Juan Line E San José Workshops Constitución This diagram: view talk edit Legend Service tunnel Catedral Service tunnels 9 de Julio Tribunales Callao Facultad de Medicina Pueyrredón Agüero Bulnes Scalabrini Ortiz Canning Workshops Plaza Italia Palermo Apeadero Carranza Ministro Carranza Olleros José Hernández Juramento Congreso de Tucumán Manuela Pedraza Garages This diagram: view talk edit

Legend Retiro Catalinas Correo Central Bolívar Belgrano Independencia San José Constitución San José vieja original alignment Entre Ríos Pichincha Jujuy General Urquiza Boedo Apeadero Boedo Avenida La Plata José María Moreno Emilio Mitre Medalla Milagrosa Varela Plaza de los Virreyes Mariano Acosta Workshops This diagram: view talk edit Legend Retiro Terminal de Ómnibus Padre Mugica ↑ planned extension Facultad de Derecho Las Heras Santa Fe Córdoba Corrientes Once Venezuela Humberto I Inclán Caseros Colonia Workshops Parque Patricios Shops Hospitales Sáenz ↑ planned extension This diagram: view talk edit Intendente Saguier Balbastro Mariano Acosta Somellera Workshops Mariano Acosta Ana María Janer Fátima Fernández de la Cruz Presidente Illia Belgrano Sur Line Parque de la Ciudad Cecilia Grierson Escalada Pola Ana Díaz Larrazábal Centro Cívico Nicolás Descalzi (loop route under construction) Gabino Ezeiza General Savio (under construction) General Savio This diagram: view talk edit

### Ghost stations

[Alberti Norte](/source/Alberti_Norte_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) station on [Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), closed in 1953.

There are four [ghost stations](/source/Ghost_station) on the Buenos Aires Underground, two on [Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and two on [Line E](/source/Line_E_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)). The Line A stations – [Pasco Sur](/source/Pasco_Sur_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and [Alberti Norte](/source/Alberti_Norte_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) – were closed in 1953 since stations in that part of the line were grouped very closely together and having fewer stops improved the line's frequency. Pasco Sur remains in very good condition, while Alberti Norte was converted into an [electrical substation](/source/Electrical_substation).[62]

The Line E stations were closed in 1966, after the line was re-routed from [Constitución railway station](/source/Constituci%C3%B3n_railway_station) (where it connected with [Line C](/source/Line_C_(Buenos_Aires_Underground))) closer to the centre of the city, leaving the [San José vieja](/source/San_Jos%C3%A9_vieja_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and [Constitución](/source/Constituci%C3%B3n_(Line_E_Buenos_Aires_Underground)) stations out of the network, a move which tripled traffic on the line. The two stations have subsequently been used as workshops and storage areas.[30]

At one point it was considered that the two former Line E stations and tunnels should be used for [Line F](/source/Line_F_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) since the line's southern terminus would be there and that part of the route would be roughly similar to the old Line E. However, it was eventually decided that the line should use new tunnels in that section due to its sharp curves.[63]

## Expansion plans

There have been several plans to expand the Underground system. The Underground's routes are said to spread out like "branches of a tree" from the [Plaza de Mayo](/source/Plaza_de_Mayo), something [Miguel Delibes](/source/Miguel_Delibes) described as "restrictive".[64] Current expansion efforts seek to not necessarily go through Plaza de Mayo by creating more north–south lines and moving termini away from the city centre.[45] An expansion plan was approved in the year 2000 under Law 670 and has seen the creation of [Line H](/source/Line_H_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), as well as the extensions of [Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and [Line B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) westwards. In 2015, an alternative plan has been proposed which would make numerous amendments to the Law 670 plan.[65] As of 2024, no new stations have been added to the network since 2019, and both the 2000 and 2015 expansion plans remain incomplete.

### Expansions in the 2010s

New [line H](/source/Line_H_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and extensions to other lines are under construction.

[Line H](/source/Line_H_(Buenos_Aires_Underground))'s extensions to the north from Corrientes to Plaza Francia, serving intermediate stations at Córdoba, Santa Fe and Las Heras, and south from [Hospitales](/source/Hospitales_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) with stations at Nueva Pompeya and Sáenz, were initiated with ground-breaking ceremonies on 17 January 2012.[66] Since then, following concerns that the construction of Plaza Francia station would damage the natural beauty of the area surrounding the [Recoleta Cemetery](/source/Recoleta_Cemetery), the station was relocated to [Facultad de Derecho](/source/Facultad_de_Derecho_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) next to the [University of Buenos Aires](/source/University_of_Buenos_Aires)'s faculty of law, with the change delaying the opening of the station until 2018.[67] Cordoba and Las Heras were opened in December 2015, while Santa Fe opened in mid-2016, providing the line with a connection to Line D.[68][69] The 20 new [Alstom](/source/Alstom) trains to serve the expected increase in passenger numbers as a result of the connection with [Line D](/source/Line_D_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) began arriving in the country in 2015.[70]

### Planned lines

The future network as outlined in Law 670

The future expansion outlined in Law 670 would see the addition of three new lines (F, G, and I).

[Line F](/source/Line_F_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) will run from Barracas to [Plaza Italia](/source/Plaza_Italia%2C_Buenos_Aires) in [Palermo](/source/Palermo%2C_Buenos_Aires) and will include 16 new stations. The planned route length of this line is 10.8 km. Construction was due to begin in 2020, once the northern extension of [Line H](/source/Line_H_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) is complete, and as originally planned, the line would have automatic trains and [platform screen doors](/source/Platform_screen_doors).[71]

[Line G](/source/Line_G_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) will connect [Retiro](/source/Retiro%2C_Buenos_Aires) and [Caballito](/source/Caballito%2C_Buenos_Aires)/[Villa Crespo](/source/Villa_Crespo); 12.5 km long with 15 new stations.[72] Originally, construction was due to start in 2012–2013, however city legislators opposed the [turnkey](/source/Turnkey) construction proposed by Chinese firms since the total cost would have been 30% higher than if it was done with local companies.[73]

[Line I](/source/Line_I_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) will run from [Parque Chacabuco](/source/Parque_Chacabuco) to [Ciudad Universitaria](/source/Ciudad_Universitaria%2C_Buenos_Aires) with 18 new stations. The route length is 12.6 km. The future of this line (which had the lowest priority in the expansion plans) is currently uncertain since it has been proposed that a [Metrobus](/source/Metrobus_(Buenos_Aires)) line be built instead, which would follow the same trajectory as the line.[74]

### PETERS plan

The PETERS 3 layout was the one recommended in the study.

In October 2015, the city of Buenos Aires together with the [Inter-American Development Bank](/source/Inter-American_Development_Bank) presented a 150-page plan for the Underground called the Strategic and Technical Plan for the Expansion of the Subterranean Network (*Plan Estratégico y Técnico para la Expansión de la Red de Subtes*, or PETERS), highlighting past expansion efforts and the need to adapt plans to the current needs of the city.[28] In this version of the Underground, [Line I](/source/Line_I_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) is cancelled while [Line G](/source/Line_G_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) takes a different route through the center of the city terminating at [Constitucion railway station](/source/Constitucion_railway_station) after going through the neighborhood of [San Telmo](/source/San_Telmo%2C_Buenos_Aires), rather than through [Retiro railway station](/source/Retiro_railway_station). Other changes include a *Retiro Norte* node where lines F and H terminate, rather than at [Plaza Italia](/source/Plaza_Italia%2C_Buenos_Aires) and Retiro respectively, while [Line E](/source/Line_E_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) is extended to Plaza Italia from Retiro – a segment which in the original plan was part of Line F. In these plans, [Line C](/source/Line_C_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) is extended both northwards in a loop to [Retiro bus station](/source/Retiro_bus_station) and southwards to the [Buenos Aires Belgrano Sur Line railway station](/source/Buenos_Aires_Belgrano_Sur_Line_railway_station) minor terminal.[65]

Such plans are subject to approval by the [Buenos Aires City Legislature](/source/Buenos_Aires_City_Legislature) and would mean the annulment of many of the existing expansion plans outlined in Law 670. Some criticisms include the failure of the PETERS plan to account for the extension of the [Belgrano Sur Line](/source/Belgrano_Sur_Line) to [Constitucion railway station](/source/Constitucion_railway_station), meaning that Line C's extension to the minor Buenos Aires terminal would be redundant, and that the Retiro Norte node would also be made redundant by the planned [Red de Expresos Regionales](/source/Red_de_Expresos_Regionales) commuter rail tunnels which are to link the three major railway terminals of the city.[75]

## Modernization of existing lines

Much of the modernization in recent years has centered around [the Underground's rolling stock](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_rolling_stock), with large scale renewals and refurbishments of existing fleets, in particular on Lines A and H. Along with this came the construction of new underground workshops and storage areas on lines A, H and E, as well as the expansion of the existing facilities on Lines B and D.[76]

In September 2015, the president of SBASE highlighted plans for the 2015–2019 period for the Underground at a conference with other South American mass transit operators in Brazil. One of the largest changes to be made during this period was the upgrading of signaling systems on all lines, with the exception of [Line E](/source/Line_E_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)). Lines A and B were to receive [Automatic Train Operation](/source/Automatic_Train_Operation) systems, replacing their [ATS](/source/Automatic_Train_Stop) and [ATP](/source/Automatic_Train_Protection) systems respectively, whilst lines C, D and H were to receive [Communications Based Train Control](/source/Communications_Based_Train_Control) systems. The implementation of these systems was already under way on Lines C and H as of September 2015, and was due to be completed on other lines before 2019.[41][77] Line D was also to receive [platform screen doors](/source/Platform_screen_doors) along with the CBTC system.[78]

Other works to be carried out during this period include the improvement of disabled access in older stations, new ventilation systems on lines B, C and D, improvements in electrification (such as replacing overhead lines and substations) on lines A, B, C and D and the replacement of 14 km of track on Lines C and E. The total investment in this period for these new projects was set at US$1.34 billion.[41][76][77]

### Stations

A "digital space" at [Plaza Italia station](/source/Plaza_Italia_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), which also features the new matte signs.

Starting in 2007, the network's stations began to receive technological updates ranging from [Wi-Fi](/source/Wi-Fi) to interactive terminals. Through *BA-WIFI* (the citywide free internet service), passengers can use internet free of charge across all stations and aboard trains, though this has been delayed on [Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) due to complications surrounding the line's age. There are also several "digital spaces" across the network and in its commercial galleries where seating areas are provided, along with recharging stations for mobile devices.[79][80]

There has also been widespread cosmetic changes to stations, including the restoration of historical murals, the incorporation of new artwork and improving the lighting.[81] The renovations on [Line B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) have been met with criticism for destroying parts of the line's historic heritage, which dates back to the 1930s.[82] The appearance of the network's signs has also been changed and the new signs have been gradually replacing the old ones since November 2014.[83]

## Rolling stock

The [Siemens-Schuckert Orenstein & Koppel](/source/Siemens-Schuckert_Orenstein_%26_Koppel) stock was replaced by the [300 Series](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_300_Series).

[CAF](/source/Construcciones_y_Auxiliar_de_Ferrocarriles) 6000 trains were one of the second hand purchases.

Main article: [Buenos Aires Underground rolling stock](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_rolling_stock)

The Buenos Aires Underground has had among the longest serving and most varied rolling stock in the world, in part due to the network having been originally built and operated by three different companies in its early years, causing incompatibilities between the lines.[84] The network began with uniform rolling stock, with the [Anglo-Argentine Tramways Company](/source/Anglo-Argentine_Tramways_Company) Anglo-Argentine [Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) using [La Brugeoise cars](/source/La_Brugeoise_cars_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) (with the exception of a few [UEC Preston](/source/UEC_Preston) cars), the three CHADOPyF lines (C, D and E) using [Siemens-Schuckert Orenstein & Koppel](/source/Siemens-Schuckert_Orenstein_%26_Koppel) stock and [Lacroze's](/source/Federico_Lacroze) [Line B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) using [Metro-Cammell](/source/Metro-Cammell) cars. However, as the lines were expanded and passenger numbers increased, more rolling stock was needed, which made the network less uniform, particularly with regard to the problematic Line B, which used a different electrification system and measurements from the other lines. Line B also became the first line of the network to receive second-hand rolling stock in 1995.[85]

### 2010s fleet upgrades

Since then there have been moves towards greater modernization and standardization, with large purchases of new rolling stock from companies such as [Alstom](/source/Alstom) and [China CNR Corporation](/source/China_CNR_Corporation), as well as smaller orders of second hand rolling stock, which the government of the City of Buenos Aires claims are temporary measures while those lines are modernized to be able to incorporate more modern rolling stock. Such stock has been acquired from Tokyo, Nagoya, and Madrid. From 2013 to 2019, 468 new cars arrived while 232 received refurbishment, bringing the average age of the fleet to 22 years in 2016, down from 34 in 2014.[41]

The network's oldest cars – the [La Brugeoise cars](/source/La_Brugeoise_cars_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) – were retired in 2013, while its historically most widely used cars – the [Siemens-Schuckert Orenstein & Koppel](/source/Siemens-Schuckert_Orenstein_%26_Koppel) cars – were to be retired in 2015, though this was pushed back to June 2016 following delays on the opening of [Santa Fe station](/source/Santa_Fe_-_Carlos_J%C3%A1uregui_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) on [Line H](/source/Line_H_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)).[86][87][88] While there has been much movement of rolling stock, often in a "hand-me-down" manner from higher frequency lines to less used lines (the primary recipient being [Line E](/source/Line_E_(Buenos_Aires_Underground))), the transition to newer models has gone fairly smoothly, despite shortfalls in some lines following extensions. The [Fiat-Materfer cars](/source/Fiat-Materfer_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) have been the primary stand-ins while the new trains arrive, though this role has also been filled by the Siemens-Schuckert Orenstein & Koppel cars, delaying their retirement.[84][89][90]

Though [Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) ran on a different voltage to the rest of the network, it was converted to the 1500 V used on the rest of the network when the [200 Series](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_200_Series) trains began to arrive.[39] On the other hand, [Line B](/source/Line_B_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) has traditionally been the most troublesome of the network given its different voltage and the fact that it uses [third rail](/source/Third_rail) electrification as opposed to the [overhead lines](/source/Overhead_line) used on the rest of the network, making it in effect a separate entity not capable of sharing its stock with other lines. Presently this line uses 1950s rolling stock acquired from Tokyo's Eidan 300/400/500/900 series [Marunouchi Line](/source/Tokyo_Metro_Marunouchi_Line), along with [CAF](/source/Construcciones_y_Auxiliar_de_Ferrocarriles) 5000 and CAF 6000 stock acquired from Madrid which are to replace the aging Eidan stock.[91] The line, along with its remaining third rail stock, is being converted to overhead lines at 1500 V, after which the entire network will be standardized.[92]

## Culture and heritage

The Buenos Aires Underground has historically been characterized by murals and other artistic works in its stations, making it a kind of museum throughout the system. These works, and a number of complete stations, are considered part of the cultural heritage of the city and several of them were declared National Historic Landmarks in 1997.[93]

### National patrimony

A [UEC Preston](/source/UEC_Preston) car inside the [Polvorín Workshop](/source/Polvor%C3%ADn_Workshop). These were used from 1913 to 1977.[94]

[Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) is renowned for having kept its original 1913 [rolling stock](/source/Rolling_stock) running on the line up until 2013, making them the oldest underground carriages in commercial service in the world at the time. They were built by [La Brugeoise, et Nicaise et Delcuve](/source/La_Brugeoise_et_Nicaise_et_Delcuve), a Belgian rolling stock manufacturer established in the city of [Bruges](/source/Bruges), between 1913 and 1919. Entirely made of wood, they were originally designed to run as underground as well as tramway cars, but they were adapted in 1927 to their current style for underground service only.[5][95][96]

Refurbishment of [La Brugeoise cars](/source/La_Brugeoise_cars_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) for public display began in 2013.[97]

In March 2013, La Brugeoise subway carriages were replaced by new Chinese [200 Series rolling stock](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_200_Series), just 11 months prior to their 100th anniversary on the line.[98] The original rolling stock has since been maintained, some in exhibition and some being converted to 1500 V to run tourist services on the line.[99] During the festivities of the 100th anniversary of the underground on 1 December 2013, many restored [La Brugeoise trains](/source/La_Brugeoise_cars_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) circulated Line A and there was a symphonic orchestra at [Plaza de Mayo](/source/Plaza_de_Mayo_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) station as well as free rides for the entire city in order to mark the event.[100] Throughout the week that followed, there were also numerous displays and events across the different lines of the Underground.[6] As of 2017, there were plans to preserve and run some of the cars a few times each year for special events.[101][102]

Currently, the [Polvorín Workshop](/source/Polvor%C3%ADn_Workshop) – originally inaugurated along with Line A – is being transformed into a museum to display artefacts and the [former rolling stock](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_rolling_stock) of the Underground.[103][104] The workshop also serves as the headquarters for the Association of Friends of the Tramway and many of the Underground's historical artefacts are stored there, such as the wooden [UEC Preston](/source/UEC_Preston) "palace cars", which also make appearances on Line A during special occasions such as anniversaries and even the inauguration of president [Raúl Alfonsín](/source/Ra%C3%BAl_Alfons%C3%ADn) in 1983, where he and other officials were transported from the [National Congress](/source/Palace_of_the_Argentine_National_Congress) to the [Casa Rosada](/source/Casa_Rosada) using these cars.[105][106]

### Artwork and exhibits

One of the exhibits at [Congreso de Tucumán](/source/Congreso_de_Tucum%C3%A1n_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) on [line D](/source/Line_D_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)). Note the glass encasings along the walls where the busts are exhibited.

A mural undergoing restoration at [9 de Julio station](/source/9_de_Julio_(Line_D_Buenos_Aires_Underground)).

A modern mural at [Venezuela station](/source/Venezuela_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) on [line H](/source/Line_H_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)).

The network has over 390 artworks by over 170 artists across its stations, ranging from historic murals to modern art. Styles also vary, from [mosaic](/source/Mosaic) to [fileteado](/source/Fileteado), sculpture and installation pieces.[107] Many stations are decorated with intricate ceramic tile work, some of which date back to 1913 when the Underground first opened its doors.[108][109] Featured artists include painters and reproductions by [Quino](/source/Quino), [Molina Campos](/source/Molina_Campos), [Raúl Soldi](/source/Ra%C3%BAl_Soldi), Rodolfo Medina and Jorge Schwarz. In addition, they provide spaces for music and theatre events, including an underground iteration of the [Pepsi Music Festival](/source/Pepsi_Music_Festival) on Line H.[110]

#### Line A

The oldest line on the network has maintained its original appearance from 1913 and 1914 on the [Plaza de Mayo](/source/Plaza_de_Mayo_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) – [Primera Junta](/source/Primera_Junta_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) segment following restoration works in 1988 for the 75th anniversary of the line and again in 2007. These older stations feature no advertisements, but instead have recreations of original advertisements from the early 20th century.[111] The Line's newest segment, which runs from [Puán](/source/Pu%C3%A1n_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) to [San Pedrito](/source/San_Pedrito_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), displays more modern artworks, such as those by [Uruguayan](/source/Uruguayan_people) artist Guillermo Roux at [San José de Flores station](/source/San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Flores_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)).[112]

#### Line B

In [Tronador – Villa Ortúzar station](/source/Tronador_-_Villa_Ort%C3%BAzar_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) there are 18 stained glasses that refer to the history of the [Villa Ortúzar](/source/Villa_Ort%C3%BAzar) neighborhood, where the station is located.[113] In [Los Incas – Parque Chas station](/source/Los_Incas_-_Parque_Chas_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) there are murals related with different [Pre-Columbian era](/source/Pre-Columbian_era) civilizations are exhibited.[114] In 2015, SBASE faced criticism for its incorporation of new artworks in multiple stations on the line. Many of these artworks were painted directly over tiles dating back to the 1930s when the line was opened by the Lacroze company, while others were completely removed and destroyed.[82]

#### Line C

From [Constitución](/source/Constituci%C3%B3n_(Line_C_Buenos_Aires_Underground)) to [Diagonal Norte](/source/Diagonal_Norte_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), the line features murals of Iberian landscapes created by Spanish artists such as [Ignacio Zuloaga](/source/Ignacio_Zuloaga) and [Fernando Álvarez de Sotomayor y Zaragoza](/source/Fernando_%C3%81lvarez_de_Sotomayor_y_Zaragoza), which date back to the time of the line's opening by CHADOPyF.[115][116][117]

#### Line D

The line's murals on its original [Catedral](/source/Catedral_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) – [Palermo](/source/Palermo_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) route date back to 1937 and 1940, and began to be restored in 2013. These include murals by Argentine artists [Benito Quinquela Martín](/source/Benito_Quinquela_Mart%C3%ADn) in [Plaza Italia station](/source/Plaza_Italia_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)).[118] There are also numerous showcase exhibits in its newer stations, with a series of ceramic reproductions by Raúl and Daniel De Francisco in [Juramento station](/source/Juramento_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)), ceramic reproductions of four murals made by [Raúl Soldi](/source/Ra%C3%BAl_Soldi) in [José Hernández station](/source/Jos%C3%A9_Hern%C3%A1ndez_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) and showcases exposing works made in the Ceramic School No.1 in [Olleros station](/source/Olleros_(Buenos_Aires_Underground))[108][109][119][120] [Congreso de Tucumán station](/source/Congreso_de_Tucum%C3%A1n_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) was the network's first "museum station" and holds numerous exhibits, among them busts of key political and cultural figures in Argentine culture and history such as [Jorge Luis Borges](/source/Jorge_Luis_Borges) and [Manuel Belgrano](/source/Manuel_Belgrano) displayed in glass enclosures in its platform walls.[121]

#### Line E

Some modern murals on the line include an homage to the 1996 Argentine film [*Moebius*](/source/Moebius_(1996_film)) at [San José](/source/San_Jos%C3%A9_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) station. The film used the line for its primary filming locations and the murals depict scenes from it.[122] Recently opened [Correo Central](/source/Correo_Central_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) station has received an award from the Association of Structural Engineers in Argentina for the quality and creativity of the work.[123]

#### Line H

The newest line on the Underground has many [Hermenegildo Sábat](/source/Hermenegildo_S%C3%A1bat) mural reproductions related to [tango](/source/Tango_music) in all stations.[124] Its numerous stations depict different tango singers and poets relating to the neighbourhoods in which they are situated.[107] Santa Fe station was renamed to [Santa Fe - Carlos Jáuregui](/source/Santa_Fe_-_Carlos_J%C3%A1uregui_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) in 2017, in honour of [LGBT rights](/source/LGBT_rights) activist [Carlos Jáuregui](/source/Carlos_J%C3%A1uregui_(activist)).[125]

### Graffiti

Graffiti before and after removal on a [100 Series car](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_100_Series).

[Graffiti](/source/Graffiti) on the Buenos Aires Underground became particularly prevalent in the late 2000s and early 2010s, and by 2013, four out of every five cars on the network had some degree of graffiti. By January 2015, all the painted cars had been cleaned by night-time cleaning teams using a product specially developed for SBASE that allowed the removal of graffiti without damaging the [livery](/source/Livery) of the cars.[126][127] Cleaning the 410 vandalized cars had cost the City of Buenos Aires [AR$](/source/Argentine_Peso) 10.25 million [pesos](/source/Pesos), while a coat of anti-graffiti paint has been applied to the cars to make future cleaning easier using [alcohol](/source/Ethanol).[126][128]

SBASE, along with the [Buenos Aires Metropolitan Police](/source/Buenos_Aires_Metropolitan_Police), has adopted a zero tolerance policy on graffiti in the Buenos Aires Underground, imposing fines ranging from AR$400–6000 and up to 30 days [community service](/source/Community_service), the culprits often being made to clean the cars they vandalized.[128] Increased vigilance from over 500 police officers, as well as close to 300 CCTV cameras, have aided in decreasing new acts of vandalism by 85% in 2014, with a further decrease of 50% in 2015 after security was intensified.[127][129]

Painted cars were often worked on by organised groups in a "whole car" ([graffiti jargon](/source/Glossary_of_graffiti) for covering the entire visible surface of the vehicle) manner, severely reducing visibility from inside the cars.[128][130] Numerous arrests have been made on these groups which often consist of foreign nationals from countries such as [Chile](/source/Chile), [Germany](/source/Germany) and [France](/source/France); two German nationals and a Chilean national were arrested in January 2016.[131][132] One high-profile arrest of such a group saw four [Argentines](/source/Argentine_people) detained in 2015 after vandalising a [200 Series train](/source/Buenos_Aires_Underground_200_Series) on [Line A](/source/Line_A_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)). Their houses were subsequently raided, uncovering a vast collection of stolen Subte paraphernalia as well as documented evidence of their activities in the form of videos and photographs.[133][134]

According to *[Clarín](/source/Clar%C3%ADn_(Argentine_newspaper))*, people from across the world have visited Buenos Aires with the sole purpose of "bombing" (painting cars in a clandestine manner), while competition among different groups exists in the form of greater points being earned for painting newer cars or the level of danger experienced. In most cases, the people involved are university educated and with stable employment.[135] In January 2016, a group called *Soketes Calcetines* was discovered to be offering tourists graffiti tours of the Underground, giving them a chance to paint cars for a fee. The group documented their activities and uploaded them to [YouTube](/source/YouTube) in order to promote the business, which has been subsequently shut down with its members arrested.[136]

### In popular culture

The Buenos Aires Underground is featured in the 1996 science-fiction film *[Moebius](/source/Moebius_(1996_film))*, directed by Gustavo Mosquera. In the film, the circumstances surrounding the disappearance of an underground train are investigated by a [topologist](/source/Topology). The film is based on the short story "[A Subway Named Mobius](/source/A_Subway_Named_Mobius)", which takes place in the [Boston Subway](/source/MBTA_subway).[137]

Other films with scenes shot in the Underground include *[Highlander II: The Quickening](/source/Highlander_II%3A_The_Quickening)*, *[Focus](/source/Focus_(2015_film))* and *[The Official Story](/source/The_Official_Story)*.[138]

In [Ricardo Piglia](/source/Ricardo_Piglia)'s 1997 novel *Plata Quemada*, the bank robber protagonists enjoy riding the underground regularly. In [Ernesto Sabato](/source/Ernesto_Sabato)'s novel *[On Heroes and Tombs](/source/On_Heroes_and_Tombs)*, Fernando, one of its main characters, develops a paranoia with blind people in the underground.[64]

One of [Jorge Luis Borges](/source/Jorge_Luis_Borges)' earlier editorial jobs was for *Urbe*, a promotional magazine for the underground system, which was privately owned at that time. In the magazine, he wrote several articles on [sci-fi](/source/Sci-fi) topics under various [pseudonyms](/source/Pseudonym).[139]

Line B and some of its stations feature heavily in the 2013 Argentine [point-and-click adventure game](/source/Point-and-click_adventure_game) *Reversion: The Meeting*.[140]

*[El Eternauta](/source/El_Eternauta)* is a science fiction comic book created by [Héctor Germán Oesterheld](/source/H%C3%A9ctor_Germ%C3%A1n_Oesterheld) and [Francisco Solano López](/source/Francisco_Solano_L%C3%B3pez) in 1957. The story is about an [alien invasion](/source/Alien_invasion) in Buenos Aires. Part of the action takes place at the [Plaza Italia](/source/Plaza_Italia_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) station, as the heroes try to use the tunnel to escape from the aliens, and successfully exploit the weakness of the alien leader to kill him. The comic book, published in the 1950s, made reference to the "Canning" station, a former name of the [Scalabrini Ortiz](/source/Scalabrini_Ortiz_(Buenos_Aires_Underground)) station.[141]

## Network map

## See also

- [Argentina portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Argentina)
- [Trains portal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Trains)

- [List of Buenos Aires Underground stations](/source/List_of_Buenos_Aires_Underground_stations)

- [List of Latin American rail transit systems by ridership](/source/List_of_Latin_American_rail_transit_systems_by_ridership)

- [List of metro systems](/source/List_of_metro_systems)

- [Rail transport in Argentina](/source/Rail_transport_in_Argentina)

- [Trams in Buenos Aires](/source/Trams_in_Buenos_Aires)

- [Transport in Argentina](/source/Transport_in_Argentina)

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-CABA_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-CABA_1-1) ["Pasajeras y pasajeros pagos transportados por línea de subterráneo y premetro. Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Enero de 2010/ marzo de 2025"](https://www.estadisticaciudad.gob.ar/eyc/?p=156866).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Leyes | Buenos Aires Ciudad - Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires"](https://buenosaires.gob.ar/leyes). *buenosaires.gob.ar*. Retrieved 7 May 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["Estancado y en crisis, el Subte cumple 107 años"](https://www.enelsubte.com/noticias/estancado-y-en-crisis-el-subte-cumple-107-anos/). *enelSubte* (in Spanish). 1 December 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-emova1_4-0)** [Subte: a partir de mañana Emova Movilidad S.A. se hará cargo de la operación y mantenimiento](https://buenosaires.gob.ar/subte/noticias/subte-partir-de-manana-emova-movilidad-sa-se-hara-cargo-de-la-operacion-y) on GCBA, 30 Nov 2021

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-New_York_Times_Burgeoise_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-New_York_Times_Burgeoise_5-1) SCHMALL, EMILY (15 April 2013). ["An Argentine Tradition Threatens to Crumble With City Architecture"](https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/16/world/americas/buenos-aires-historic-heritage-slips-away.html). *The New York Times*.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ambito.com_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ambito.com_6-1) [Se cumplieron 100 años del primer viaje en subte](http://www.ambito.com/noticia.asp?id=718445) – Ambito, 1 December 2013.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Perfil_7-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Perfil_7-1) [La historia de 100 años del primer subte de América del Sur](https://web.archive.org/web/20131216034025/http://www.perfil.com/sociedad/La-historia-de-100-aos-del-primer-subte-de-America-del-Sur-20131201-0074.html) – Perfil, 1 December 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** [Background and Inauguration in 1919 – *Metro de Madrid*](https://www.metromadrid.es/en/conocenos/quienes_somos/Historia/1919.html)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Bryce, Benjamin (24 February 2023). ["Immigration, Urbanization and Community in Buenos Aires"](https://bridgetoargentina.com/thisday/immigration-urbanization-buenos-aires/). *Bridge to Argentina*. Retrieved 28 May 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Ricardo2015-82_10-0)** Barreiro, Ricardo (1 April 2015). [*100 años bajo Buenos Aires. Historia de la Línea A*](https://books.google.com/books?id=C6xwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA82). Editorial Dunken. pp. 82–. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-987-02-8141-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-987-02-8141-2).[*[permanent dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Plant2007_11-0)** Jeremy Plant (22 February 2007). [*Handbook of Transportation Policy and Administration*](https://books.google.com/books?id=7yCpC6bf0XsC&pg=PA512). CRC Press. pp. 512–. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-4200-1702-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-1702-1).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-AAT_12-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-AAT_12-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-AAT_12-2) ["A.A.T. Historia de TRANVÍAS en Ciudad de Buenos Aires y alrededores"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130728175332/http://www.tranvia.org.ar/tranvias/ciudaddebsas.htm). *ASOCIACIÓN AMIGOS DEL TRANVÍA (Archive)*. 28 July 2013. Archived from [the original](http://www.tranvia.org.ar/tranvias/ciudaddebsas.htm) on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 15 June 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** L. Contreras y N. Tkach (2007), *Buenos Aires y el Transporte*, p.72, Colección cuadernos educativos, Ministerio de Cultura de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Tejera_14-0)** Tejera, Domingo (1993). *Subterráneos de Buenos Aires*. (Spanish), p. 11.{{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: CS1 maint: location ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location)) CS1 maint: location missing publisher ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher))

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ladm_15-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ladm_15-1) Justo Solsona; Carlos Hunter (1990). [*La Avenida de Mayo: un proyecto inconcluso*](https://books.google.com/books?id=Ou9b8wszgMcC&pg=PA254). Nobuko. pp. 254–256. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-950-9575-34-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-950-9575-34-9).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Singh_16-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Singh_16-1) Zunino Singh, Dhan. ["El primer subte de Latinoamérica: una historia cultural de los subterráneos de Buenos Aires y de las tensiones de la modernidad (1886–1944)"](https://www.academia.edu/5621201). *www.academia.edu*. Retrieved 18 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** ["La historia del fallido "Tramway Elevado""](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/la-historia-del-fallido-tramway-elevado/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 24 August 2009. Retrieved 18 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** [El primer subte](http://blogs.lanacion.com.ar/historia-argentina/historia/el-primer-subte/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150419212655/http://blogs.lanacion.com.ar/historia-argentina/historia/el-primer-subte/) 19 April 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – La Nacion, 22 December 2010.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-La_Nación_pco_19-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-La_Nación_pco_19-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-La_Nación_pco_19-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-La_Nación_pco_19-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-La_Nación_pco_19-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-La_Nación_pco_19-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-La_Nación_pco_19-6) [***h***](#cite_ref-La_Nación_pco_19-7) Musse, Valeria. ["Los ojos del subte: desde un centro de monitoreo, se evitan accidentes en la red"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160111023020/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1852071-los-ojos-del-subte-desde-un-centro-de-monitoreo-se-evitan-accidentes-en-la-red). *La Nación*. La Nación. Archived from [the original](http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1852071-los-ojos-del-subte-desde-un-centro-de-monitoreo-se-evitan-accidentes-en-la-red) on 11 January 2016. Retrieved 17 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Fortner_20-0)** Fortner, Neal (2008). [*Metro de Buenos Aires : Una Historia Ilustrada de la Construcción de la Línea B, 1928–1932*](https://books.google.com/books?id=YE-h9cW-wzoC&pg=PA11) (in Spanish). Lulu.com. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-615-20978-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-615-20978-4). Retrieved 21 January 2016.[*[self-published source](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources)*]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-perfilcom_21-0)** Darío, Silva D'Andrea (1 December 2012). ["La historia de 100 años del primer subte de América del Sur - Perfil.com"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150505030345/http://www.perfil.com/sociedad/La-historia-de-100-anos-del-primer-subte-de-America-del-Sur-20131201-0074.html). *Perfil.com* (in Spanish). Archived from [the original](http://www.perfil.com/sociedad/La-historia-de-100-anos-del-primer-subte-de-America-del-Sur-20131201-0074.html) on 5 May 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** [Un paseo por la historia del subte](http://www.diariopublicable.com/sociedad/3268-un-paseo-por-la-historia-del-subte.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150419220804/http://www.diariopublicable.com/sociedad/3268-un-paseo-por-la-historia-del-subte.html) 19 April 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – Publicable, 22 November 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-CHADOPyF1_23-0)** ["La línea de los españoles, 78 años uniendo destinos"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140502032924/http://www.enelsubte.com/informes/la-linea-los-espanoles-78-anos-uniendo-destinos-865). 2 May 2014. Archived from [the original](http://www.enelsubte.com/informes/la-linea-los-espanoles-78-anos-uniendo-destinos-865) on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 24 January 2016.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-INET_24-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-INET_24-1) ["CHADOPYF"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160304103757/http://www.oni.escuelas.edu.ar/2002/GCBA/latidos/historia/chadopyf.htm). INET. Archived from [the original](http://www.oni.escuelas.edu.ar/2002/gcba/latidos/historia/chadopyf.htm) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** [Antecedentes, Inicios, Desarrollo de la red y Líneas](https://web.archive.org/web/20120520212645/http://www.clico.com.ar/directorio/mapa_de_subte/mapasubte.html) (in Spanish - archive). Retrieved 2010-11-03.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-telford_26-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-telford_26-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-telford_26-2) [*Rail Mass Transit for Developing Countries: Proceedings of the Conference Organized by the Institution of Civil Engineers, and Held in London on 9–10 October 1989*](https://archive.org/details/railmasstransitf0000unse). Thomas Telford. 1990. pp. [189](https://archive.org/details/railmasstransitf0000unse/page/189)–. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-7277-1560-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7277-1560-9).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** Leonel, Contreras (1 March 2014). [*Historia cronológica de la ciudad de Buenos Aires 1536–2014*](https://books.google.com/books?id=_DaSBAAAQBAJ) (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Editorial Dunken. p. 384. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-987-02-7306-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-987-02-7306-6). Retrieved 17 January 2016.[*[permanent dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*]

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-buenosaires.gob.ar_28-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-buenosaires.gob.ar_28-1) [Plan Estratégico y Técnico para la Expansión de la Red de Subtes de Buenos Aires](http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/noticias/el-plan-de-la-ciudad-para-expandir-la-red-de-subtes) – Buenos Aires Ciudad, 30 September 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** ["Idas y vueltas de la línea G \[parte I\]"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/idas-y-vueltas-de-la-linea-g-parte-i/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 2 April 2011. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-buscandopasajeros_30-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-buscandopasajeros_30-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-buscandopasajeros_30-2) ["Línea E: 70 años buscando pasajeros"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/linea-e-70-anos-buscando-pasajeros-3243/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 20 June 2014. Retrieved 19 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-perfil_100_años_31-0)** Silva D'Andrea, Darío. ["La historia de 100 años del primer subte de América del Sur"](http://www.diasdehistoria.com.ar/content/la-historia-de-100-a%C3%B1os-del-primer-subte-de-am%C3%A9rica-del-sur). *Días de Historia*. Perfil.com. Retrieved 4 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** ["Premetro a Puente de la Noria, en el olvido por el Metrobus del Sur"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/premetro-puente-la-noria-el-olvido-el-metrobus-del-sur-2781/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 25 June 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** ["Premetro a Puente de la Noria, en el olvido por el Metrobus del Sur"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/premetro-puente-la-noria-el-olvido-el-metrobus-del-sur-2781/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 16 August 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2016.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-cumple_34-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-cumple_34-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-cumple_34-2) ["Metrovías cumple 20 años operando el Subte"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/metrovias-cumple-20-anos-operando-el-subte/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 1 January 2014. Retrieved 9 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-35)** ["Metrovías en la mira: podrían no renovarle el contrato"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/metrovias-en-la-mira-no-le-renovarian-el-contrato/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). No. 19 September 2014. Retrieved 9 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** [El 82% de los usuarios cree que el Subte debería ser estatal](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/el-82-de-los-usuarios-cree-que-el-subte-deberia-ser-estatal/) – EnElSubte, 26 May 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-37)** [Macri inauguró Puán y Carabobo](http://www.noticiasurbanas.com.ar/noticias/dedeb5c1dfe16809704381fc1649d7a8/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150623050606/http://www.noticiasurbanas.com.ar/noticias/dedeb5c1dfe16809704381fc1649d7a8/) 23 June 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – Noticias Urbanas, 23 December 2008.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** [Echeverría y Rosas, inauguradas](http://www.enelsubte.com/noticias/echeverria-y-rosas-inauguradas-2740) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20141104031424/http://enelsubte.com/noticias/echeverria-y-rosas-inauguradas-2740/) 4 November 2014 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) (Spanish)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-lanacion.com.ar_39-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-lanacion.com.ar_39-1) [La línea A de subte estará cerrada desde el 12 de enero al 8 de marzo](http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1542874-el-subte-a-estara-cerrado-desde-el-12-de-enero-al-8-de-marzo) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150623100705/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1542874-el-subte-a-estara-cerrado-desde-el-12-de-enero-al-8-de-marzo) 23 June 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – La Nacion, 4 January 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-40)** [Línea H](http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/subte/nuestra-historia/linea-h) – Buenos Aires Ciudad

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-scribd_41-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-scribd_41-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-scribd_41-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-scribd_41-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-scribd_41-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-scribd_41-5) [Plan de modernización del Subterráneo de Buenos Aires](https://www.scribd.com/fullscreen/280786246?access_key=key-QjMpWeIgIaIPKz8sIyZ8&allow_share=true&escape=false&view_mode=scroll) – Buenos Aires Ciudad

1. **[^](#cite_ref-CollectifAuzias2012_42-0)** Collectif; Dominique Auzias; Jean-Paul Labourdette (5 July 2012). [*Buenos Aires 2012–2013 (avec cartes, photos + avis des lecteurs)*](https://books.google.com/books?id=sdM8Y-6NkzUC&pg=PA102). Petit Futé. pp. 102–. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-2-7469-6357-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-7469-6357-3).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-43)** TfL Bidding for Buenos Aires Subway *[Modern Railways](/source/Modern_Railways)* issue 844 January 2019 page 104

1. **[^](#cite_ref-44)** [Three-way battle opens up as City Hall eyes foreign Subte operator](https://www.batimes.com.ar/news/economy/three-way-battle-opens-up-as-city-hall-eyes-foreign-subte-operator.phtml) *Buenos Aires Times* 16 February 2019

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-railway-technology_45-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-railway-technology_45-1) ["Buenos Aires Metro, Argentina"](https://www.railway-technology.com/projects/buenos/). *Railway-Technology.com*. Retrieved 10 December 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-fares-may-2016_46-0)** ["Tarifas y medios de pago"](https://web.archive.org/web/20180318054328/http://www.metrovias.com.ar/Subterraneos/PageWithAccordion/Conocenos/Tarifas-y-medios-de-pago/3500). *www.metrovias.com.ar*. Metrovías. Archived from [the original](http://www.metrovias.com.ar/Subterraneos/PageWithAccordion/Conocenos/Tarifas-y-medios-de-pago/3500) on 18 March 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-47)** ["Ya no se podrá viajar en subte sin tarjeta electrónica - Infobae"](https://www.infobae.com/2016/03/17/1797791-ya-no-se-podra-viajar-subte-tarjeta-electronica). *InfoBAE*. 17 March 2016. Retrieved 9 May 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-48)** ["Subway commuters in Buenos Aires see fares spike by 360% as part of austerity campaign in Argentina"](https://apnews.com/article/argentina-buenos-aires-subway-aa1e5b5534f4d26dbd13a4ed55278aa1). *Associated Press*. Retrieved 18 May 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-49)** [Subtes: en hora pico circulan en promedio tres trenes menos que hace 14 años](https://www.infobae.com/2014/11/24/1610811-subtes-hora-pico-circulan-promedio-tres-trenes-menos-que-hace-14-anos) – InfoBAE, 24 November 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-50)** [Presentan proyecto para que el Subte funcione durante la noche](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/presentan-proyecto-el-subte-funcione-la-noche-1246/) – EnElSubte, 16 November 2010.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-51)** ["Reúnen firmas para apoyar el proyecto de ampliación del horario del Subte"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/reunen-firmas-para-apoyar-el-proyecto-de-ampliacion-del-horario-del-subte/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 25 August 2015. Retrieved 10 January 2016.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-metrovias_52-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-metrovias_52-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-metrovias_52-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-metrovias_52-3) ["Nuestra compañía – ¿Qué hacemos?"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150716195245/http://www.metrovias.com.ar/Metrovias/StaticPage/Institucional/Nuestra-compa%C3%B1ia/3400) [Our Company – What We Do] (in Spanish). Metrovias. Archived from [the original](http://www.metrovias.com.ar/Metrovias/StaticPage/Institucional/Nuestra-compa%C3%B1ia/3400) on 16 July 2015. Retrieved 16 October 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-53)** ["Pasajeras y pasajeros pagos transportados por línea de subterráneo y premetro. Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Enero de 2010/ enero de 2026 – Instituto de Estadística y Censos de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires"](https://www.estadisticaciudad.gob.ar/eyc/banco-datos/pasajeras-y-pasajeros-pagos-transportados-por-linea-de-subterraneo-y-premetro-ciudad-de-buenos-aires-enero-de-2010-junio-de-2024/). *www.estadisticaciudad.gob.ar*. Retrieved 27 February 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-54)** [Realizan contratación directa para renovar la terminal del Premetro](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/realizan-contratacion-directa-para-renovar-la-terminal-del-premetro/) – EnElSubte, March 2015

1. **[^](#cite_ref-55)** [El plan de SBASE para el Premetro](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/el-plan-de-sbase-para-el-premetro/) – EnElSubte, September 2014

1. **[^](#cite_ref-56)** Musse, Valeria (6 November 2015). ["Villa Soldati: reclamo por la demora en las obras del Premetro"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160102060039/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1843073-villa-soldati-reclamo-por-la-demora-en-las-obras-del-premetro). *lanacion.com.ar*. Archived from [the original](http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1843073-villa-soldati-reclamo-por-la-demora-en-las-obras-del-premetro) on 2 January 2016. Retrieved 17 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-57)** [¿Por qué la línea D no llega hasta Puente Saavedra?](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/la-linea-d-no-llega-puente-saavedra-2693/) – EnElSubte, 25 June 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-58)** [Línea E](http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/subte/nuestra-historia/linea-e) – Buenos Aires Ciudad.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-59)** [Un paseo por la historia del subte](http://www.diariopublicable.com/sociedad/3268-un-paseo-por-la-historia-del-subte.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150419220804/http://www.diariopublicable.com/sociedad/3268-un-paseo-por-la-historia-del-subte.html) 19 April 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – Diario Publicable, 21 November 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-60)** [*Estrategía*](https://books.google.com/books?id=fo7fAAAAMAAJ). Instituto Argentino de Estudios Estratégicos y de las Relaciones Internacionales. 1973.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-61)** [*Boletín semanal del Ministerio de Economía: síntesis de informaciones y comentarios*](https://books.google.com/books?id=X4pDAAAAYAAJ). Secretaría de Estado de Programación y Coordinación Económica. 1980.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-62)** [Las estaciones clausuradas de la línea A](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/las-estaciones-clausuradas-de-la-linea-a/) – EnElSubte, 24 April 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-63)** [Realizarán estudios en Constitución para ubicar la cabecera de la línea F](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/realizaran-estudios-constitucion-ubicar-la-cabecera-la-linea-f-1478/) – EnElSubte, 1 August 2011.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Wilson2007_64-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Wilson2007_64-1) Jason Wilson (2007). [*Buenos Aires: A Cultural and Literary History*](https://archive.org/details/buenosairescultu0000wils). Signal Books. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-904955-09-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-904955-09-2).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-peters_65-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-peters_65-1) [Peters plan](http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/sites/gcaba/files/libro_peters_2015.pdf) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20151007153356/http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/sites/gcaba/files/libro_peters_2015.pdf) 7 October 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – City of Buenos Aires

1. **[^](#cite_ref-railwaygazette.com_66-0)** ["Buenos Aires Line H extension groundbreaking"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120425161826/http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/line-h-extends-north-and-south.html). *[Railway Gazette International](/source/Railway_Gazette_International)*. 19 February 2012. Archived from [the original](http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/line-h-extends-north-and-south.html) on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 10 December 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-67)** [Comienza la construcción de Facultad de Derecho](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/comienza-la-construccion-de-facultad-de-derecho/) – EnElSubte, 29 September 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-68)** [Nuevos retrasos en la extensión de la línea H](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/nuevos-retrasos-en-la-extension-de-la-linea-h/) – EnElSubte, 6 February 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-69)** ["Buenos Aires Line H extended"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160223103840/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/news/cs-america/single-view/view/buenos-aires-line-h-extended.html). *Railway Gazette*. 18 December 2015. Archived from [the original](http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/news/cs-america/single-view/view/buenos-aires-line-h-extended.html) on 23 February 2016. Retrieved 9 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-70)** [Así son los nuevos trenes Alstom para la línea H](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/asi-son-los-nuevos-trenes-alstom-para-la-linea-h/) – EnElSubte, 25 March 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-71)** [Confirman proyecto para desviar la línea F a Facultad de Derecho](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/confirman-proyecto-para-desviar-la-linea-f-a-facultad-de-derecho/) – EnElSubte, 25 November 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-72)** ["Urban rail news in brief"](https://web.archive.org/web/20110617113146/http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/urban-rail-news-in-brief-12.html). *[Railway Gazette International](/source/Railway_Gazette_International)*. 12 May 2011. Archived from [the original](http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/urban-rail-news-in-brief-12.html) on 17 June 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-73)** [Cancelaron las negociaciones con los chinos por la línea G](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/cancelaron-las-negociaciones-los-chinos-la-linea-g-1733/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150518105805/http://enelsubte.com/noticias/cancelaron-las-negociaciones-los-chinos-la-linea-g-1733/) 18 May 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – 24 January 2012

1. **[^](#cite_ref-74)** [Bodart: El Metrobús como reemplazo de la línea I es "una estafa transversal"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/bodart-el-metrobus-como-reemplazo-de-la-linea-i-es-una-estafa-transversal/) – EnElSubte, 16 April 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-75)** [Luces y sombras del PETERS](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/luces-y-sombras-del-peters/) – EnElSubte, 6 October 2015.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-GrandesObras_76-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-GrandesObras_76-1) [Grandes obras del subte que no percibís a simple vista](http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/noticias/grandes-obras-del-subte-que-no-percibis-simple-vista) – Buenos Aires Ciudad, 18 September 2015.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-PlanModernizacion_77-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-PlanModernizacion_77-1) [Piccardo presentó en Brasil el Plan de Modernización del Subte](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/piccardo-presento-en-brasil-el-plan-de-modernizacion-del-subte/) – EnElSubte, 18 September 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-78)** ["Licitan nuevo señalamiento para la línea D"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/licitan-nuevo-senalamiento-para-la-linea-d/). *EnElSubte* (in European Spanish). 22 June 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-79)** ["Inauguran zonas con Wi-Fi gratis en el subte porteño"](https://web.archive.org/web/20151024070249/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1790116-inauguran-zonas-especiales-en-las-estaciones-de-subte-con-wi-fi-gratis). *lanacion.com.ar*. 7 January 2016. Archived from [the original](http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1790116-inauguran-zonas-especiales-en-las-estaciones-de-subte-con-wi-fi-gratis) on 24 October 2015. Retrieved 7 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-80)** ["Sumamos nuevas tecnologías para modernizar el subte"](http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/noticias/sumamos-nuevas-tecnologias-para-modernizar-el-subte). *Buenos Aires Ciudad – Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires*. Retrieved 7 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-81)** ["Con nuevos murales intervienen las estaciones de la línea B se subte"](http://www.clarin.com/capital_federal/subte-arte-murales_0_1183682062.html). *Clarin.com*. Retrieved 7 January 2016.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-patrimoniob_82-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-patrimoniob_82-1) ["El patrimonio de la línea B, en su peor momento"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/el-patrimonio-de-la-linea-b-en-su-peor-momento/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). Retrieved 7 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-83)** ["Plaza Italia estrena la nueva señalética del Subte"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/plaza-italia-estrena-la-nueva-senaletica-del-subte/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ferrofilatelia_84-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ferrofilatelia_84-1) ["Ferrofilatelia"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/ferrofilatelismo-1086/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 6 July 2010. Retrieved 6 June 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-mitsubishi_85-0)** ["¿Final de carrera para los Mitsubishi?"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/final-carrera-los-mitsubishi-3139/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 12 April 2014. Retrieved 6 June 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-86)** [Aprueban protección para todos los coches La Brugeoise](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/aprueban-proteccion-todos-los-coches-la-brugeoise-2990/) – EnElSubte, 6 December 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-87)** [Llegaron al país seis coches nuevos con aire acondicionado para la línea H](http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1822730-llegaron-al-pais-seis-coches-nuevos-con-aire-acondicionado-para-la-linea-h) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150829225812/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1822730-llegaron-al-pais-seis-coches-nuevos-con-aire-acondicionado-para-la-linea-h) 29 August 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – La Nacion, 27 August 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-88)** ["La estación Santa Fe abrirá a fin de mes, aunque sin combinar con la línea D"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/la-estacion-santa-fe-abrira-a-fin-de-mes-aunque-sin-combinar-con-la-linea-d/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 6 June 2016. Retrieved 14 June 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-89)** [Metrovías oficializa quita de formaciones](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/metrovias-oficializa-quita-formaciones-2666/) – EnElSubte, 4 June 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-90)** [Subtes: el gobierno porteño planea renovar la mitad de la flota para el 2015](https://www.infobae.com/2013/01/29/693730-subtes-el-gobierno-porteno-planea-renovar-la-mitad-la-flota-el-2015) – InfoBAE, 23 January 2013

1. **[^](#cite_ref-91)** [Denuncia contra la compra de nuevos coches para los subtes](http://www.perfil.com/politica/Denuncia-contra-la-compra-de-nuevos-coches-para-los-subtes-20140720-0014.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20150924130828/http://www.perfil.com/politica/Denuncia-contra-la-compra-de-nuevos-coches-para-los-subtes-20140720-0014.html) 24 September 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – Perfil, 20 July 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-92)** ["Adaptarían los Mitsubishi a pantógrafo para eliminar el tercer riel"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/adaptarian-los-mitsubishi-pantografo-eliminar-el-tercer-riel-3169/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). Retrieved 6 June 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-93)** [Historical National Monuments](http://infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/40000-44999/43370/norma.htm) (Spanish)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-94)** ["Los viejos vagones del subte A realizarán viajes turísticos"](https://www.infobae.com/2013/09/03/1506130-los-viejos-vagones-del-subte-realizaran-viajes-turisticos). *InfoBAE*. 3 September 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-USA_Today_95-0)** Winter, Michael. ["Buenos Aires retires wooden subway cars, world's oldest"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/01/02/buenos-aires-100-year-old-wooden-subway-cars-retired/1805481/). *USA Today*. Retrieved 16 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-96)** [BusARG.ar](http://www.busarg.com.ar/subte_a.htm) (Spanish)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-97)** Giambartolomei, Mauricio (27 October 2013). ["La historia vuelve a rodar: restauran los viejos vagones de la línea A de subtes"](http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1632817-la-historia-vuelve-a-rodar-restauran-los-viejos-vagones-de-la-linea-a-de-subtes). *La Nacion*. Retrieved 3 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-98)** [Preadjudican 105 coches a CNR para la línea A](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/preadjudican-105-coches-cnr-la-linea-2641/) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20151117031003/http://enelsubte.com/noticias/preadjudican-105-coches-cnr-la-linea-2641/) 17 November 2015 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) – EnElSubte, May 2013

1. **[^](#cite_ref-99)** [Realizan pruebas con Brugeoise reconvertidos a 1500 V en la línea A](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/realizan-pruebas-brugeoise-reconvertidos-1500v-la-linea-3263/) – EnElSubte, July 2014

1. **[^](#cite_ref-100)** [El subte porteño celebra hoy sus 100 años](https://www.infobae.com/2013/12/01/1527658-el-subte-porteno-celebra-hoy-sus-100-anos) – InfoBAE, 1 December 2013.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-101)** GCBA (5 September 2017). ["Conocé cómo fue el paseo histórico en los coches belgas en la Línea A"](http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/noticias/conoce-como-fue-el-paseo-historico-en-los-coches-belgas-en-la-linea) (in Spanish). Retrieved 6 September 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-102)** ["Y un día volvieron las Brujas"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/y-un-dia-volvieron-las-brujas/). *enElSubte* (in Spanish). 4 September 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2017.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-103)** [Participamos en La Noche de los Museos con el Taller Polvorín](http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/noticias/participamos-en-la-noche-de-los-museos-con-el-taller-polvorin) – Buenos Aires Ciudad, 30 October 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Ricardo2015-79_104-0)** Barreiro, Ricardo (1 April 2015). [*100 años bajo Buenos Aires. Historia de la Línea A*](https://books.google.com/books?id=C6xwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA79). Editorial Dunken. pp. 79–. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-987-02-8141-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-987-02-8141-2).[*[permanent dead link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot)*][*[page needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources)*]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-105)** ["Exhibieron la dupla histórica Preston para festejar el Bicentenario"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/exhibiran-la-dupla-historica-preston-festejar-el-bicentenario-1059/). *EnElSubte*. 26 May 2010. Retrieved 5 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-106)** ["Cuando la democracia viajó en Subte"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/cuando-la-democracia-viajo-en-subte/). *EnElSubte*. 10 December 2015. Retrieved 5 February 2016.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-galeriadearte_107-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-galeriadearte_107-1) ["El subte, una galería de arte debajo de la Ciudad"](http://www.clarin.com/ciudades/subte-galeria-artes-debajo-ciudad_0_1430857272.html). *Clarin*. 14 September 2015. Retrieved 29 January 2016.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Incollá2003_108-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Incollá2003_108-1) María de las Nieves Arias Incollá (1 January 2003). [*Guía patrimonio cultural de Buenos Aires: Murales*](https://books.google.com/books?id=7GbjAAAAMAAJ). GOBBsAs, Secretaria de Cultura. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-987-98718-7-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-987-98718-7-4).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-bajo_ciudad_109-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-bajo_ciudad_109-1) [*Arte bajo la ciudad*](https://books.google.com/books?id=AfhcAAAAMAAJ). M. Zago. 1978. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [9789875090217](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789875090217).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-110)** ["La línea H de subterráneos se llena de música este sábado"](http://www.telam.com.ar/notas/201512/130409-subte-musica-concierto-babasonicos-ciudad-estaciones.html). *Telam*. 17 December 2015. Retrieved 29 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-111)** ["El Subte de Buenos Aires recrea publicidades antiguas"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160427152903/http://www.latinspots.com/site/sp/nota/detalle/35283/El-Subte-de-Buenos-Aires-recrea-publicidades-antiguas). *Latin Spots*. 26 February 2015. Archived from [the original](http://www.latinspots.com/site/sp/nota/detalle/35283/El-Subte-de-Buenos-Aires-recrea-publicidades-antiguas) on 27 April 2016. Retrieved 3 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-112)** ["Homenajearon a Roux en la estación San José de Flores"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/homenajearon-roux-la-estacion-san-jose-flores-2182/). *EnElSubte*. 19 October 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Página12_videla_113-0)** Videla, Eduardo. ["Cómo serán las nuevas estaciones de la prolongada Línea B de subte"](http://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/sociedad/3-18386-2003-04-04.html). *Página12*. Retrieved 22 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-114)** ["La línea B tiene dos nuevas estaciones"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160301203323/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/518306-la-linea-b-tiene-dos-nuevas-estaciones). *La Nacion*. 10 August 2003. Archived from [the original](http://www.lanacion.com.ar/518306-la-linea-b-tiene-dos-nuevas-estaciones) on 1 March 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-CECRA_115-0)** ["CECRA – Cronología de hechos protagonizados por españoles en Argentina"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160322125217/http://www.cecra.com.ar/pages/viewfull.asp?CodArt=107). *www.cecra.com.ar*. Archived from [the original](http://www.cecra.com.ar/pages/viewfull.asp?CodArt=107) on 22 March 2016. Retrieved 23 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Nogués2015_116-0)** Germinal Nogués (1 May 2015). [*Buenos Aires, ciudad secreta*](https://books.google.com/books?id=bfmpCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT506). Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial Argentina. pp. 506–. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-950-07-5231-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-950-07-5231-2).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Hunt1998_117-0)** Patricio Julio Hunt (1 January 1998). [*Historia de los subtes de Buenos Aires*](https://books.google.com/books?id=vwBjAAAAMAAJ). Mompracem Editores. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-987-95994-1-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-987-95994-1-9).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-118)** ["El subte recuperó murales patrimoniales en la Línea D"](http://www.minutouno.com/notas/335985-el-subte-recupero-murales-patrimoniales-la-linea-d). *Minuto Uno*. 9 September 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-La_Nación_hernandez_119-0)** Casanovas, Laura (15 September 2007). ["Un mural de Polesello viajará en subte"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160204134915/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/944223-un-mural-de-polesello-viajara-en-subte). *La Nación*. La Nación. Archived from [the original](http://www.lanacion.com.ar/944223-un-mural-de-polesello-viajara-en-subte) on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 24 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-120)** [*Ñ: revista de cultura*](https://books.google.com/books?id=8ds6AQAAIAAJ). Clarín. 2004.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-121)** ["Los museos tendrán su lugar en el subte"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160204142954/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/14380-los-museos-tendran-su-lugar-en-el-subte). *La Nacion*. 25 April 2000. Archived from [the original](http://www.lanacion.com.ar/14380-los-museos-tendran-su-lugar-en-el-subte) on 4 February 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-122)** ["Murales alusivos a Moebius en San José"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/murales-alusivos-a-moebius-en-san-jose/). *EnElSubte*. 18 December 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-123)** ["Premian a la estación "Correo Central" de la Línea E del Subte"](http://www.areas-digital.com.ar/nota.php?id=23662). *Areas Globales*. 30 September 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-El_Observador_124-0)** ["Hermenegildo Sábat y su memoria"](http://www.elobservador.com.uy/hermenegildo-sabat-y-su-memoria-n698327). *El Observador*. Retrieved 22 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Independent_125-0)** Necati, Yas (9 August 2018). ["Argentina, with its first-class LGBTQ+ rights and its failure to legalise abortion, proves an uncomfortable theory about progress"](https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/argentina-abortion-referendum-lgbtq-a8484726.html). *The Independent*. Retrieved 10 August 2020.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-producto_126-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-producto_126-1) ["Sacan los graffitis del subte con un producto inventado en el país"](http://www.clarin.com/ciudades/Sacan-graffitis-subte-producto-inventado_0_994100626.html). *Clarin.com*. 6 September 2013. Retrieved 18 January 2016.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-chaugraffitis_127-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-chaugraffitis_127-1) ["¡Chau graffitis!: limpiaron todas las formaciones del subte y el premetro"](https://web.archive.org/web/20150702062146/http://www.larazon.com.ar/ciudad/Chau-graffitis-limpiaron-formaciones-premetro_0_646500163.html). *Larazon*. 27 January 2015. Archived from [the original](http://www.larazon.com.ar/ciudad/Chau-graffitis-limpiaron-formaciones-premetro_0_646500163.html) on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2016.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Grafiticero_128-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Grafiticero_128-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Grafiticero_128-2) Sánchez, Nora (29 January 2015). ["Grafiti cero: ya limpiaron todos los vagones del subte"](http://www.clarin.com/ciudades/grafiti-cero-terminaron-dos-anos-limpiaron-todos-vagones-subte_0_1294070621.html). *Clarin.com*. Retrieved 18 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-129)** ["El vandalismo en el subte se redujo a la mitad gracias al refuerzo en seguridad"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160116053813/http://www.puraciudad.com.ar/el-vandalismo-en-el-subte-se-redujo-a-la-mitad-gracias-al-refuerzo-en-seguridad/). *Pura Ciudad*. 14 January 2016. Archived from [the original](http://www.puraciudad.com.ar/el-vandalismo-en-el-subte-se-redujo-a-la-mitad-gracias-al-refuerzo-en-seguridad/) on 16 January 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-130)** ["Vandalizan un coche completo en la línea D"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/vandalizan-un-coche-completo-en-la-linea-d/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 30 December 2014. Retrieved 18 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-La_Razón_131-0)** ["Por segunda vez en una semana detienen a un grafitero en el subte"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160818014835/http://www.larazon.com.ar/ciudad/segunda-semana-detienen-grafitero-subte_0_753600004.html). *La Razón*. Archived from [the original](http://www.larazon.com.ar/ciudad/segunda-semana-detienen-grafitero-subte_0_753600004.html) on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-132)** ["Detuvieron a dos ciudadanos alemanes que pintaron grafitis en el subte de Buenos Aires"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160117150844/http://www.puraciudad.com.ar/detuvieron-a-dos-ciudadanos-alemanes-que-pintaron-graffitis-en-el-subte-de-buenos-aires/). *Pura Ciudad*. 14 January 2016. Archived from [the original](http://www.puraciudad.com.ar/detuvieron-a-dos-ciudadanos-alemanes-que-pintaron-graffitis-en-el-subte-de-buenos-aires/) on 17 January 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-133)** ["Detienen a cuatro grafiteros y allanan sus domicilios"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/detienen-a-cuatro-grafiteros-y-allanan-sus-domicilios/). *enelSubte.com* (in European Spanish). 23 December 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-134)** ["Hicieron graffitis en el subte, los identificaron y fueron detenido"](http://www.minutouno.com/notas/1460384-hicieron-graffitis-el-subte-los-identificaron-y-fueron-detenidos). *Minuto Uno*. 21 December 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-bombing_135-0)** ["Fenómeno "bombing": ¿Por qué vienen extranjeros a pintar grafitis en el subte?"](http://www.clarin.com/ciudades/Fenomeno-bombing-vienen-extranjeros-grafitear_0_1508249315.html). *Clarin.com*. 21 January 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-136)** Tomino, Pablo (28 January 2016). ["Allanan la casa de Black, el líder de una banda de grafiteros que cobraba a extranjeros para pintar subtes porteños"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160129135534/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1866059-allanan-la-casa-de-black-el-lider-de-una-banda-de-grafiteros-que-cobraba-a-extranjeros-para-pintar-subtes-portenos). *La Nacion*. Archived from [the original](http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1866059-allanan-la-casa-de-black-el-lider-de-una-banda-de-grafiteros-que-cobraba-a-extranjeros-para-pintar-subtes-portenos) on 29 January 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-PigottOyarzabel2014_137-0)** Michael Pigott; Santiago Oyarzabel (2014). [*World Film Locations: Buenos Aires*](https://books.google.com/books?id=4H21BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA62). Intellect Ltd. pp. 62–. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-78320-358-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78320-358-1).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-138)** ["El subte como locación artística"](http://www.buenosaires.gob.ar/noticias/el-subte-como-locacion-artistica). *Buenos Aires Ciudad*. 13 July 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Gonzalez2013_139-0)** Jose Eduardo Gonzalez (13 May 2013). [*Borges and the Politics of Form*](https://books.google.com/books?id=plyuyyltPhgC&pg=PA85). Routledge. pp. 85–. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-134-82502-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-82502-8).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-140)** Raha, Shuva (18 March 2013). ["Reversion: Chapter 2 – The Meeting"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130322020934/http://www.adventuregamers.com/articles/view/24154). *Adventure Gamers*. Archived from the original on 22 March 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2016.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-141)** ["El día en que Canning fue 2 de Abril"](http://enelsubte.com/noticias/el-dia-canning-fue-2-abril-2568/) [The day Canning was 2 April] (in Spanish). En el subte. 1 April 2013. Retrieved 18 April 2016.

## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Buenos Aires Metro](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Buenos_Aires_Metro).

- [Official website](https://buenosaires.gob.ar/subte)

- [Emova](https://emova.com.ar/) (concession holder/operator) (in Spanish)

v t e Buenos Aires Underground Line A San Pedrito San José de Flores Carabobo Puan Primera Junta Acoyte Río de Janeiro Castro Barros Loria Plaza Miserere Alberti Pasco Congreso Sáenz Peña Lima Piedras Perú Plaza de Mayo Line B Juan Manuel de Rosas Echeverría Los Incas - Parque Chas Tronador - Villa Ortúzar Federico Lacroze Dorrego Malabia - Osvaldo Pugliese Ángel Gallardo Medrano Carlos Gardel Pueyrredón Pasteur - AMIA Callao Uruguay Carlos Pellegrini Florida Leandro N. Alem Line C Retiro General San Martín Lavalle Diagonal Norte Avenida de Mayo Moreno Independencia San Juan Constitución Line D Congreso de Tucumán Juramento José Hernández Olleros Ministro Carranza Palermo Plaza Italia Scalabrini Ortiz Bulnes Agüero Pueyrredón Facultad de Medicina Callao Tribunales 9 de Julio Catedral Line E Plaza de los Virreyes - Eva Perón Varela Medalla Milagrosa Emilio Mitre José María Moreno Avenida La Plata Boedo General Urquiza Jujuy Pichincha Entre Ríos/Rodolfo Walsh San José Independencia Belgrano Bolívar Correo Central Catalinas Retiro Line F Plaza Italia Salguero Sánchez de Bustamante Pueyrredón Santa Fe Córdoba Corrientes Rivadavia México San Juan Sáenz Peña Constitución Line G Estado de Israel Gascón Mario Bravo Jean Juares Pueyrredón Callao Uruguay Cerrito Retiro Line H Retiro Terminal de Ómnibus Padre Mugica Facultad de Derecho Las Heras Santa Fe Córdoba Corrientes Once Venezuela Humberto I Inclán Caseros Parque Patricios Hospitales Sáenz Line I Serrano Costa Rica Córdoba Corrientes Warnes Díaz Vélez Aranguen Rivadavia Pedro Goyena Directorio Premetro Intendente Saguier Balbastro Mariano Acosta Somellera Ana María Janer Fátima Fernández de la Cruz Presidente Illia Parque de la Ciudad Cecilia Grierson Escalada Pola Ana Díaz Centro Cívico Larrazabal Nicolás Descalzi Gabino Ezeiza General Savio Italics indicates planned stations; underline indicates stations being constructed. Argentina portal

v t e Landmarks of Buenos Aires City Public and historic buildings and structures Cabildo Casa Rosada La Chacarita Cemetery City Hall Confitería del Molino Congress Palace Customs House Duhau Palace Estrugamou Building Floralis Genérica Galerías Pacífico Immigrants' Hotel Kavanagh Building Legislature Palace Libertad Palace Libertador Building May Pyramid Metropolitan Cathedral Ministry of Public Works Building Monument to Giuseppe Garibaldi Obelisco Palacio de Aguas Corrientes Palacio Barolo Pizzurno Palace Plaza Hotel La Recoleta Cemetery San Martín Palace Santo Domingo Convent Sarmiento Frigate Torre Monumental Uruguay Corvette Villar Residence Women's Bridge Precincts and neighbourhoods Almagro Belgrano Buenos Aires CBD Caballito City Centre Colegiales Montserrat Núñez Palermo Puerto Madero Recoleta Retiro San Telmo Nature and parks Avellaneda Park Botanical Garden Chacabuco Park Ciudad Universitaria Costanera Sur Ecological Reserve Eco-Park Japanese Gardens Lezama Park Palermo Woods Parque Centenario Parque de la Memoria Plaza Canadá Plaza Fuerza Aérea Argentina Plaza de la República Plaza de Mayo Plaza del Congreso Plaza Intendente Alvear Plaza San Martín Cultural Institutions AMALITA Collection Argentine Automobile Club Ateneo Bookshop Café Tortoni Cine Cosmos El Gato Negro Fundación Proa House of Culture Illuminated Block Isaac Fernández Blanco Museum King Fahd Islamic Cultural Center Latin American Art Museum Museum of Foreign Debt Museum of Modern Art National Historical Museum National Library National Museum of Decorative Arts National Museum of Fine Arts Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Opera House Paz Palace Planetarium Recoleta Cultural Center Rojas Cultural Center San Martín Cultural Center San Martín National Institute Sarmiento Historical Museum Eduardo Sívori Museum Sport Alberto José Armando Stadium Arquitecto Ricardo Etcheverri Stadium CeNARD Diego Armando Maradona Stadium GEBA Stadium Hippodrome of Palermo José Amalfitani Stadium Lawn Tennis Club Luna Park Malvinas Argentinas Arena Mary Terán de Weiss Tennis Stadium Monumental Stadium Nueva Chicago Stadium Obras Sanitarias Arena Oscar y Juan Gálvez Autodrome Pedro Bidegain Stadium Polo Stadium Tomás Adolfo Ducó Stadium Transport Buenos Aires Belgrano Sur Line station Buenos Aires Underground Constitución station Federico Lacroze station Jorge Newbery Airport Metrobús Once station Premetro Retiro station Shopping and entertainment Abasto de Buenos Aires Avenida Theatre Club de Pescadores Galería Güemes Galerías Pacífico Parque de la Ciudad Paseo La Plaza Patio Bullrich Teatro General San Martín Teatro Gran Rex Teatro Nacional Cervantes Teatro Opera La Trastienda Club Streets and avenues Avenida 9 de Julio Avenida Alvear Avenida Belgrano Avenida Callao Avenida Córdoba Avenida Coronel Díaz Avenida Corrientes Avenida de Mayo Avenida del Libertador Avenida Figueroa Alcorta Avenida General Paz Avenida Leandro N. Alem Avenida Presidente Julio Argentino Roca Avenida Pueyrredón Avenida Rivadavia Avenida Roque Sáenz Peña Avenida Santa Fe Avenida Sarmiento Caminito Florida Street

v t e Transport in Buenos Aires Trains Belgrano Norte Belgrano Sur Mitre Roca San Martín Sarmiento Urquiza Underground lines List of stations Light rail and trams Premetro Tranvía del Este (defunct) Buses 8 12 39 45 59 60 64 68 92 152 500 Metrobus 25 de Mayo 9 de Julio Cabildo Juan B. Justo Sur Bicycle EcoBici Payment methods SUBE Argentina portal

v t e Urban rail and tram networks in Argentina Commuter rail Belgrano Norte Belgrano Sur Mitre Roca San Martín Sarmiento Urquiza Santa Fe Urban Train Tren al Desarrollo Tren del Valle University Train Underground lines List of stations Light rail/Trams Tren de la Costa Metrotranvía Mendoza BA Historic Tramway Premetro Tranvía del Este (closed) Trolleybuses Córdoba Mendoza Rosario Projects Córdoba Metro Red de Expresos Regionales Rosario Tramway Argentina portal

v t e Community of Metros benchmarking organization members Asia Bangalore Metro Bangkok MRT Beijing Subway Chennai Metro Delhi Metro Dubai Metro Guangzhou Metro Hong Kong MTR Jakarta MRT Nanjing Metro Rapid Kuala Lumpur Seoul Metro Shanghai Metro Shenzhen Metro Singapore MRT Taipei Metro Tehran Metro Tokyo Metro Europe Barcelona Metro Berlin U-Bahn Brussels Metro Istanbul Metro Lisbon Metro London DLR London Underground Madrid Metro Oslo Metro Paris Metro Paris RER Tyne and Wear Metro Americas Atlanta MARTA Bay Area Rapid Transit Buenos Aires Underground Honolulu Skyline Mexico City Metro Montreal Metro New York City Subway New Jersey / New York PATH Ottawa O-Train Rio de Janeiro Metro Santiago Metro São Paulo Metro Toronto subway Vancouver SkyTrain Washington Metro Oceania Sydney Metro

v t e Rapid transit in Latin America Argentina Buenos Aires Underground Brazil Belo Horizonte Metro Federal District Metro Fortaleza Metro Porto Alegre Metro Recife Metro Rio de Janeiro Metro Salvador Metro São Paulo Metro Teresina Metro Chile Santiago Metro Valparaíso Metro Colombia Bogotá Metro Medellín Metro Dominican Republic Santo Domingo Metro Ecuador Quito Metro Mexico Mexico City Metro Panama Panama Metro Peru Lima and Callao Metro Puerto Rico Tren Urbano Venezuela Caracas Metro Los Teques Metro

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Buenos Aires Underground](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Underground) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Underground?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.