# Broughton Hospital > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Broughton_Hospital > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Broughton_Hospital.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broughton_Hospital > Source revision: 1352871801 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) Hospital and historic district in North Carolina, US Hospital in North Carolina, United States Broughton Hospital North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services Broughton Hospital: Avery Building Geography Location Morganton, North Carolina, United States Coordinates 35°43′53″N 81°40′22″W / 35.731316°N 81.6729°W / 35.731316; -81.6729 Organization Type Specialist Services Standards Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Management Services (CMS) Beds 278[1] Speciality Psychiatric History Founded March 29, 1883 (1883-03-29) Links Website www.ncdhhs.gov/divisions/dsohf/broughton-hospital Lists Hospitals in North Carolina Other links Western North Carolina Insane Asylum U.S. National Register of Historic Places Show map of North Carolina Show map of the United States Location Off NC 18, Morganton, North Carolina Area 9 acres (3.6 ha) Built 1877 (1877) Architect Sloan, Samuel MPS Morganton MRA (AD) NRHP reference No. 77000996[2] Added to NRHP October 5, 1977 Broughton Hospital Historic District U.S. National Register of Historic Places U.S. Historic district Show map of North Carolina Show map of the United States Location Roughly bounded by Broughton Hospital campus, NC 18, Bickett St., & Enola Rd., Morganton, North Carolina Area 337 acres (136 ha) Built 1878 (1878) Architect Sloan, Samuel; Et al. Architectural style Colonial Revival, Art Deco MPS Morganton MRA NRHP reference No. 87001918[2] Added to NRHP November 9, 1987 **Broughton Hospital** is a [psychiatric hospital](/source/Psychiatric_hospital) located in [Morganton, North Carolina](/source/Morganton%2C_North_Carolina). It is administered by [North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services](/source/North_Carolina_Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services) Division of Mental Health, Developmental Disabilities and Substance Abuse Services. ## History In 1850, influential mental health activist [Dorothea Dix](/source/Dorothea_Dix) petitioned the North Carolina General Assembly to support and build a psychiatric hospital to treat the mentally ill. Within 25 years the General Assembly determined that one hospital was insufficient to care for the population of people afflicted with mental illness. In 1875, the State provided $75,000 for the establishment of a second psychiatric hospital. Built in Morganton on 283 acres (115 ha) of land, Western Carolina Insane Asylum, opened on March 29, 1883. The asylum admitted physician Dr. Red Pepper as its first patient.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] By 1884 its first director, [Dr. Patrick Livingston Murphy](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Livingston_Murphy&action=edit&redlink=1), reported to the General Assembly that more space was needed. In 1885 and 1886 two new wings were opened, expanding the hospital's bed space to over 500 mentally ill patients. In 1890 the hospital's name was changed to State Hospital at Morganton, a name it kept until 1959. Patients were used to construct roads on the property, and establish and maintain the gardens and grounds. By 1893 the hospital's holdings would encompass over 300 acres (120 ha). During the early 1900s the hospital expanded greatly. Using the colony system, a farm area was established with a dairy, vineyard and greenhouses, all staffed by patients of varying degrees of functionality. The hospital was nearly self-sufficient. Additional expansions and land holdings would take place until just after [World War I](/source/World_War_I) when public attitudes about patients with mental illness changed dramatically. The hospital, like many others of this time period, was neglected and suffered during the state and national financial problems of the [Great Depression](/source/Great_Depression). During the 1920s, the patient-to-physician ratio was 300-to-1; by the 1930s this was almost 500-to-1. Hours for attendants and nurses were intensive, and time off was sparse. Attendants usually slept in the same wards with patients until further expansion during the 1940s. By that time, the hospital's census topped 3,500 patients. In 1959, State Hospital at Morganton became Broughton Hospital, named after World War II Governor [J. Melville Broughton](/source/J._Melville_Broughton). The 1960s brought many changes to Broughton: educational programs were established, religious services were incorporated, and the hospital continued to expand (including through affiliated local community health centers). This was part of an effort to de-institutionalize individuals with mental illness and treat more in local settings. During the 1970s Broughton underwent changes in its housing procedures. Up to that time, its population had been drawn geographically, meaning patients were being housed according to where they were from, rather than by age or disability. On March 28, 1973, Broughton Hospital received its first survey by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO), and the hospital received a one-year accreditation. The Broughton Hospital Main Building was designed by architect [Samuel Sloan](/source/Samuel_Sloan_(architect)) and built in 1877. It was listed on the [National Register of Historic Places](/source/National_Register_of_Historic_Places) in 1977 as the **Western North Carolina Insane Asylum.** The **Broughton Hospital Historic District** was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987 and encompasses 60 contributing buildings and one contributing site.[2][3][4] The period from the 1980s through 1990s was especially difficult for Broughton. Facing increased costs and increased oversight from various organizations, Broughton encountered severe budget problems. In December 1992, the [Broughton Hospital Foundation](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Broughton_Hospital_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1) was formed. Its goal was to enhance the lives of the patients at Broughton Hospital through donations, endowments, activities, etc. Today[*[when?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items)*] Broughton serves approximately 800 patients per year and employs approximately 1200 staff members, with a $98 million annual operating budget. In 2011, Broughton began hiring temporary and contract staff to help control overhead costs. Broughton completed a new facility in 2017 that houses the hospital departments and patient divisions under one roof, on the existing grounds.[*[needs update](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items)*] The main building is now preserved as a historical landmark that is used as office space. **Asylum Cemetery** The cemetery on the grounds was opened in the Spring of 1883 and was by 1884 enclosed by a simple fence. It now contains the remains of 1583 people including several infants born at the asylum to women in care there. Every grave is marked, every person buried there known, something not all asylums can claim. The asylum's first Superintendent, Patrick Livingston Murphy, M.D. refused to allow any patient's remains to be given over to the North Carolina Anatomical Board for dissection and disposal during his tenure from 1883 to 1907 saying that if a patient's family could not provide for burial the asylum would. There were times that weather precluded transport of a person's remains home and burial took place in the asylum cemetery. Other patients had been in care at the asylum so long they had no one left back home to claim their remains or they considered the asylum their home. For some the cost of transporting remains home by train or wagon may have been prohibitive, the asylum's catchment area being the entire western end of North Carolina, reaching high into the mountains and to the borders of Virginia, Tennessee and South Carolina. It was not often, as many choose to assume, a matter of abandonment, that led people to be buried in an asylum cemetery but expediency, the wishes of the patient and his/her family and the graces and attentions of the asylum staff who in many instances had known and cared for that person for many years.(Presentation at Broughton Hospital on cemetery research, Suzannah K McCuen, MD) ## References 1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** ["Data on Broughton Psychiatric Hospital"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130607163732/http://www.ncdhhs.gov/dsohf/facilitydata/broughton/index.htm). *NC Division of State Operated Healthcare Facilities*. NC Department of Health and Human Services. June 4, 2013. Archived from [the original](http://www.ncdhhs.gov/dsohf/facilitydata/broughton/index.htm) on June 7, 2013. 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-nris_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-nris_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-nris_2-2) ["National Register Information System"](https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP). *[National Register of Historic Places](/source/National_Register_of_Historic_Places)*. [National Park Service](/source/National_Park_Service). July 9, 2010. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-nrhpinv_3-0)** C. Greer Suttlemyre and Jim Sumner (n.d.). ["Western North Carolina Insane Asylum"](https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/BK0002.pdf) (PDF). *National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory*. North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved August 1, 2014. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-nrhpinv1_4-0)** Suzanne Pickens Wylie (July 1986). ["Jonesboro Historic District"](https://files.nc.gov/ncdcr/nr/BK0042.pdf) (PDF). *National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory*. North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved August 1, 2014. ## External links - Media related to [Broughton Hospital](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Broughton_Hospital) at Wikimedia Commonshttps://www.kxly.com/jail-roster-lists-those-arrested-near-coeur-dalene-pride-event/ - [Official website](https://www.ncdhhs.gov/divisions/dsohf/broughton-hospital) - [North Carolina Health and Human Services History of Broughton Hospital](https://web.archive.org/web/20110131165719/http://www.ncdhhs.gov/dsohf/broughton/html/history.html) - [Rootsweb entry](https://web.archive.org/web/20110102143603/http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~asylums/morganton_nc/index.html) v t e City of Morganton Topics History Joara Fort San Juan Overmountain Men Outdoors Pisgah National Forest Bodies of water Catawba River Lake James Lake Rhodhiss Linville Falls Landforms Brown Mountain Linville Gorge Wilderness Little Chestnut Mountain Table Rock Parks Lake James State Park South Mountains State Park Trails Fonta Flora State Trail Wilderness Gateway State Trail Overmountain Victory Historic places Buildings Avery Avenue School Alphonse Calhoun Avery House Bellevue Burke County Courthouse Creekside U. S. B. Dale's Market Dunavant Cotton Manufacturing Company Gaither House Garrou-Morganton Full-Fashioned Hosiery Mills John Alexander Lackey House Magnolia Place Mountain View North Carolina School for the Deaf: Main Building Quaker Meadows Dr. Joseph Bennett Riddle House Swan Ponds Tate House Franklin Pierce Tate House Western North Carolina Insane Asylum Districts Avery Avenue Historic District Broughton Hospital Historic District Jonesboro Historic District Morganton Downtown Historic District North Carolina School for the Deaf Historic District North Green Street-Bouchelle Street Historic District South King Street Historic District West Union Street Historic District White Street-Valdese Avenue Historic District Other Gaston Chapel, Hunting Creek Railroad Bridge Quaker Meadows Cemetery Transportation Foothills Regional Airport Roads Blue Ridge Parkway Interstate 40 U.S. Route 64 U.S. Route 70 Healthcare Broughton Hospital UNC Health Blue Ridge Education Colleges Western Piedmont Community College Foothills Higher Education Center Public schools NCSSM Morganton Freedom High School Robert Logan Patton High School Table Rock Middle School Liberty Middle School Walter R. Johnson Middle School Glen Alpine Elementary School Mull Elementary School Mountain Crest Elementary School Chesterfield Elementary School W. A. Young Elementary School Burke Alternative School College Street Academy Salem Elementary School Forest Hill Elementary School Oak Hill Elementary School Burke Middle College Special education North Carolina School for the Deaf J. Iverson Riddle Developmental Center North Carolina v t e National Register of Historic Places in Burke County, North Carolina Historic districts Avery Avenue Historic District Broughton Hospital Henry River Mill Village Jonesboro Historic District Morganton Downtown Historic District North Carolina School for the Deaf North Green Street–Bouchelle Street Historic District South King Street Historic District West Union Street Historic District White Street–Valdese Avenue Historic District Historic properties Avery Avenue School Alphonse Calhoun Avery House Bellevue Burke County Courthouse Creekside Jean-Pierre Auguste Dalmas House Dunavant Cotton Manufacturing Company Jacob Forney Jr. House Franklin-Penland House Gaither House Garrou-Morganton Full-Fashioned Hosiery Mills Gaston Chapel Gilboa Methodist Church Hunting Creek Railroad Bridge John Alexander Lackey House Linville Falls Tavern Magnolia Place Mountain View North Carolina School for the Deaf: Main Building Pineburr Hosiery Mill Quaker Meadows Quaker Meadows Cemetery Dr. Joseph Bennett Riddle House Sloan–Throneburg Farm Southern Railway Freight Station Swan Ponds Tate House Franklin Pierce Tate House U. S. B. Dale's Market Valdese Elementary School Waldensian Presbyterian Church Waldensian Swiss Embroidery Company–Valdese Weavers, Inc. Mill Walker Top Baptist Church Western North Carolina Insane Asylum Former Pleasant Valley See also: National Register of Historic Places listings in Burke County, North Carolina and List of National Historic Landmarks in North Carolina v t e The Kirkbride Plan People Physicians Thomas Story Kirkbride Advocates Dorothea Dix Architects Samuel Sloan Elbridge Boyden Nathaniel Bradlee John G. Haskell Levi Scofield Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge Richard Snowden Andrews Notable buildings Northeast New Jersey State Hospital Harrisburg State Hospital Taunton State Hospital Northampton State Hospital Institute of the Pennsylvania Hospital Dixmont State Hospital Hudson River State Hospital Danville State Hospital Buffalo State Hospital Warren State Hospital Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital Worcester State Hospital Danvers State Hospital Mid-Atlantic St. Elizabeths Hospital Central State Hospital (Virginia) Spring Grove Hospital Center Midwest Central State Hospital (Indiana) Jacksonville State Hospital Dayton State Hospital Wisconsin State Hospital Kalamazoo Regional Psychiatric Hospital Mount Pleasant State Hospital St. Peter State Hospital Anna State Hospital Elgin State Hospital Osawatomie State Hospital Topeka State Hospital Winnebago State Hospital Independence State Hospital Athens Lunatic Asylum Columbus State Hospital Eastern Michigan Asylum for the Insane Kankakee State Hospital Clarinda State Hospital Northern Michigan Asylum Nevada State Hospital Cherokee Mental Health Institute Fergus Falls Regional Treatment Center South Western State Hospital Jackson State Hospital Austin State Hospital Bryce Hospital Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum Central State Hospital (Kentucky) Broughton Hospital Arkansas State Hospital Terrell State Hospital West Coast Agnews State Hospital Eastern Oregon State Hospital Eastern Washington State Hospital Mendocino State Hospital Napa State Hospital Oregon State Hospital Patton State Hospital Outside the U.S. Nova Scotia Hospital Callan Park Hospital for the Insane Authority control databases ISNI --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Broughton Hospital](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broughton_Hospital) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broughton_Hospital?action=history)). 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