# Brecknell Willis > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Brecknell_Willis > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Brecknell_Willis.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brecknell_Willis > Source revision: 1353859739 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) British electrical engineering company This article needs more citations. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Brecknell Willis" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message) A Brecknell Willis [pantograph](/source/Pantograph_(transport)) on a Belgian train, April 2008 **Brecknell Willis** is a [Wabtec](/source/Wabtec) company[1] headquartered in [Chard](/source/Chard%2C_Somerset), [Somerset](/source/Somerset), [South West England](/source/South_West_England) and brand-name of [electrification equipment](/source/Railway_electrification_system) for railways, mostly [pantographs](/source/Pantograph_(rail)) and [contact shoes](/source/Contact_shoe). ## History Henry Brecknell and Sons began operating in 1854. In 1894, it moved into electrification. Since 1938 it has been in Chard, when known as Brecknell, Willis & Co. Ltd.[2] In 2023, site's production facility was closed by Wabtec. The production was transferred to other Wabtec plants while the office in Chard will maintain its engineering, project management, and sales office.[3] ## Products For the [London Underground](/source/London_Underground), it has supplied shoe gear and [conductor rail](/source/Third_rail) systems, as well as [pantographs](/source/Pantograph_(transport)) to the rail industry.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] ### Pantographs #### Low height pantograph The Brecknell Willis Low Height pantograph is one of the four standard devices in use on British railway locomotives and multiple units and is a development of the standard Brecknell Willis High Speed pantograph. The Low Height pantograph is suitable for speeds up to 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph). It has a small aerofoil mounted on the knuckle joint between the upper and lower arms.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] #### High reach pantograph Although it had been used on a few rapid transit systems and on a [Blackpool tram](/source/Blackpool_Tramway),[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] the first use of the high reach pantograph in the UK was the main lines was back in 1974 when a small number were fitted to some [Class 309s](/source/British_Rail_Class_309) based at [Ilford EMU Depot](/source/Ilford_EMU_Depot). These continued to be used until around 1980 when they were all removed.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] #### High speed pantograph The High speed pantograph was designed during the late 1970s and early 1980s as part of ongoing research into developing a pantograph capable of speeds over the 100 mph (160 km/h) limit of the [Stone Faiveley AMBR pantograph](/source/Stone_Faiveley_AMBR_pantograph), which was the standard type in use at the time. The first locomotive to be fitted with the pantograph was [Class 86](/source/British_Rail_Class_86) No 86244, during February 1980. The pantograph is the mainstay within the UK railway system, where it is used on most overhead electric locomotives and EMUs. It has also been exported across the world, being used on the US high speed train [Acela](/source/Acela) and the [Eurostar](/source/Eurostar) [Class 373](/source/British_Rail_Class_373).[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] ## Gallery - Low height pantograph - [Sheffield Supertram](/source/Sheffield_Supertram) [Siemens-Duewag Supertram](/source/Siemens-Duewag_Supertram) - [Manchester Metrolink](/source/Manchester_Metrolink) [AnsaldoBreda T-68](/source/AnsaldoBreda_T-68) - [Los Angeles Metro Rail](/source/Los_Angeles_Metro_Rail) [Kinki Sharyo P3010](/source/Kinki_Sharyo_P3010) - [Siemens Desiro](/source/Siemens_Desiro) [Class 360/2](/source/British_Rail_Class_360) pantograph with the characteristic aerofoils clearly visible - Overhead view of the Brecknell Willis High Speed pantograph in action on the US [Acela](/source/Acela) vehicle ## References 1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [Smarter pantograph developed](https://www.railwaygazette.com/technology/smarter-pantograph-developed/43167.article), Railway Gazette International, 20 September 2016 1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["UK Construction"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235342/http://www.buildingscotlandmagazine.co.uk/online/uk_construction/uk_features/june2013/brecknell-willis.html#). Archived from [the original](http://www.buildingscotlandmagazine.co.uk/online/uk_construction/uk_features/june2013/brecknell-willis.html#) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2015. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** Antonio Scancariell, [Brecknell Willis’ production to be transferred by the end of the year](https://www.chardandilminsternews.co.uk/news/chard_news/23414221.brecknell-willis-production-transferred-end-year/), chardandilminsternews.co.uk, 27 March 2023 ## External links - [Brecknell Willis](http://www.brecknell-willis.co.uk) - [Details of different UK railway pantographs](https://web.archive.org/web/20120401202534/http://www.rssb.co.uk/sitecollectiondocuments/pdf/reports/research/T346_summary_rpt_final.pdf) - [Traintesting webpage on Brecknell Willis High Speed Pantograph development](https://web.archive.org/web/20110705060843/http://www.traintesting.com/Highspeed_pan.htm) - [Traintesting webpage on Brecknell Willis High Reach pantograph development](https://web.archive.org/web/20120515121734/http://www.traintesting.com/BW%20Highreach%20pan.htm) v t e Railway electrification Current collectors Bow collector Pantograph Trolley pole Contact shoe Power delivery Railway electrification Overhead line Third rail Fourth rail Ground-level power supply Stud contact system Conduit current collection Rolling stock Railway electric traction Power car Electric locomotive Electric multiple unit Electro-diesel locomotive Electro-diesel multiple unit Multi-system Rubber-tyred metro Power network Traction power network Traction substation Traction powerstation By country Australia Austria Estonia France Germany India Iran Japan Latvia Lithuania Malaysia New Zealand Norway timeline Poland Russia Former USSR Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom United States Lists Railway electrification systems Tram electrification systems --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Brecknell Willis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brecknell_Willis) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brecknell_Willis?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.