# Boysun

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Place in Surxondaryo Region, Uzbekistan

Boysun View of Boysun Boysun Location in Uzbekistan Coordinates: 38°12′N 67°12′E / 38.200°N 67.200°E / 38.200; 67.200 Country Uzbekistan Region Surxondaryo Region District Boysun District Elevation 1,217 m (3,993 ft) Population (2016)[1] • Total 27,600

**Boysun** ([Uzbek](/source/Uzbek_language): *Boysun*, [Russian](/source/Russian_language): Байсун, [romanized](/source/Romanization_of_Russian): *Baysun*) is a city in [Surxondaryo Region](/source/Surxondaryo_Region), [Uzbekistan](/source/Uzbekistan) and capital of [Boysun District](/source/Boysun_District).[2] The population was 16,732 as of the 1989 census,[3] and 27,600 in 2016.[1]

## History

Boysun is one of the oldest inhabited places in the [Surxondaryo Region](/source/Surxondaryo_Region) of [Uzbekistan](/source/Uzbekistan). It is located to the northwest of Boysun in the Teshiktosh mountains.[4][5][6] It is known that people have lived in Boysun for approximately the last 5,000 years. From the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD, Boysun was the location of a fortified city called "Poikalon". From the 6th to 13th centuries, another city, Bosand, was situated in the Boysun area and was one of the cities of [Chaghaniyan](/source/Chaghaniyan). Bosand is also mentioned as such in Abu Ishaq al-Istakhri's "[Book of Roads and Kingdoms](/source/Book_of_Roads_and_Kingdoms)." "[Hudud al-'Alam](/source/Hudud_al-'Alam)" describes Bosand as a place with a large and militant population. Bosand was strategically located on the trade route between [Chaghaniyan](/source/Chaghaniyan) and [Samarkand](/source/Samarkand), passing through the Iron Gate. The exteriors of the houses are adorned with colorful patterns, and decorated with felt and embroidered hangings. In the streets along the walls, there are large clay dishes and water reservoirs.[7] The [Teshik-Tash cave](/source/Teshik-Tash_1), where [Neanderthal](/source/Neanderthals_in_Southwest_Asia) remains were found, is world famous. [Mesolithic era](/source/Mesolithic_era) "magic bull hunt" wall paintings can be seen nearby in the Kugitang Mountains.[8][9][10]

According to archaeological sources, life in Bosand has continued from the early centuries until the Islamic period. The city was later reconstructed with a fortification wall. The Boysun treasure is also mentioned in the "[Zafarnama](/source/Zafarnama_(letter))." In the 19th century, Boysun was a center of one of the three bekliks in the [Bukhara Emirate](/source/Emirate_of_Bukhara) in the [Surxondaryo region](/source/Surxondaryo_Region), and it was inhabited by the indigenous [Uzbek](/source/Uzbeks) population.

## Etymology

The Chig'atoy tribe, a Turkic group, named the place "Boysun." The name "Boysun" is derived from the ancient Turkish words "boy" and "sin," meaning "great mountain" or "big mountain." In ancient Turkic tribes, among various ways of referring to different things, toponyms often included references to mountains, which were considered sacred. According to local traditions, powerful people from ancient Turkic tribes lived in this area, and the name "Biysun" means "the abode of the powerful" or "the settlement of the mighty."

## Geography

Boysun lies in a valley running through a hilly region and overlooked by the Boysuntoq Ridge of the [Gissar Range](/source/Gissar_Range), which rises to 3,100 metres (10,200 ft) here and as even higher to the west. The landscape is dramatic but arid, and varies from grassy areas to exposed rock.

## Climate

Boysun has a [Mediterranean climate](/source/Mediterranean_climate) ([Köppen](/source/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification): *Csa*), with cool winters and hot summers. Rainfall is generally light and erratic. Autumn is the wettest season, while summers are very dry.

Climate data for Boysun (1991–2020) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 7.3 (45.1) 8.7 (47.7) 13.8 (56.8) 19.5 (67.1) 25.0 (77.0) 30.4 (86.7) 33.2 (91.8) 32.3 (90.1) 27.9 (82.2) 21.2 (70.2) 14.2 (57.6) 9.7 (49.5) 20.3 (68.5) Daily mean °C (°F) 2.3 (36.1) 3.7 (38.7) 8.5 (47.3) 13.7 (56.7) 18.4 (65.1) 23.3 (73.9) 25.5 (77.9) 24.1 (75.4) 19.5 (67.1) 13.2 (55.8) 7.8 (46.0) 4.2 (39.6) 13.7 (56.7) Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −1.8 (28.8) −0.6 (30.9) 3.9 (39.0) 8.2 (46.8) 12.0 (53.6) 16.0 (60.8) 17.9 (64.2) 16.4 (61.5) 12.2 (54.0) 6.9 (44.4) 2.9 (37.2) −0.1 (31.8) 7.8 (46.0) Average precipitation mm (inches) 56.8 (2.24) 73.6 (2.90) 91.2 (3.59) 76.5 (3.01) 54.4 (2.14) 13.1 (0.52) 4.6 (0.18) 0.6 (0.02) 2.4 (0.09) 14.3 (0.56) 42.4 (1.67) 49.7 (1.96) 479.6 (18.88) Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 12 13 13 11 9 4 1 0 1 3 9 10 86 Average relative humidity (%) 77 73 67 57 49 47 48 51 54 59 69 77 61 Mean monthly sunshine hours 116.6 142.3 168.8 220.8 318.8 360.6 374.1 356.0 287.6 219.2 151.2 101.9 2,817.9 Source: NOAA (humidity, sun 1961-1990)[11][12]

## Population

‹ The [template](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Template) *[Historical populations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Historical_populations)* is being [considered for merging](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2026_June_24#Template:Infobox_demographics). ›

Historical population Year 1979[13] 1989[14] 2005[15] Pop. 12,438 16,732 23,700 ±% — +34.5% +41.6%

## Transportation

The main road through the town is Route P-105. This connects with the M39 to the west near [Shorab](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shorab&action=edit&redlink=1), leading to [Dehqonobod](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dehqonobod,_Qashqadaryo_Region&action=edit&redlink=1), [Gʻuzor](/source/G%CA%BBuzor), [Shahrisabz](/source/Shahrisabz) and [Samarkand](/source/Samarkand) further north, and to [Akkurgon](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akkurgon&action=edit&redlink=1) and [Termez](/source/Termez) further south. To the east, P-105 connects to [Shoʻrchi](/source/Sho%CA%BBrchi) and [Qumqoʻrgʻon](/source/Qumqo%CA%BBrg%CA%BBon).

## World Heritage Status

This site was added to the [UNESCO](/source/UNESCO) [World Heritage](/source/World_Heritage) Tentative List on 18 January 2008 in the Mixed (Cultural and Natural) category.[16]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-shaharlar_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-shaharlar_1-1) Soliyev, A.S. [*Shaharlar geografiyasi*](https://e-library.namdu.uz/26%20%D0%95%D1%80%20%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B8%20%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F,%20%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0,%20%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%B2%D0%B0%20%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F)/shaharlar%20geografiyasi.%20soliyev%20a.s.%20tashtayeva%20s.k.pdf) [*Geography of cities*] (PDF) (in Uzbek). p. 145.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-class_2-0)** ["Classification system of territorial units of the Republic of Uzbekistan"](https://stat.uz/uploads/docs/soato(mhobt)_2020.xlsx) (in Uzbek and Russian). The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics. July 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** [Population census-1989](http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng89_reg2.php)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["BUGUN: 02-Noyabr, 2023-yil. Payshanba"](https://taqvim.uz/uz/event/view/3181). *taqvim.uz*. Retrieved 2023-11-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Boysun o'zbekiston haritasi,"](https://uz.maptons.com/1993922). *uz.maptons.com*. Retrieved 2023-11-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** ["BOYSUN TUMANI"](https://qomus.info/oz/encyclopedia/b/boysun-tumani/). *qomus.info*. Retrieved 2023-11-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["samarkandtours"](https://web.archive.org/web/20210524032643/https://samarkandtours.com/uz/uzbekistan/boysun/). *samarkandtours.com*. Archived from [the original](https://samarkandtours.com/uz/uzbekistan/boysun/) on 2021-05-24. Retrieved 2023-11-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["Байсун, Узбекистан"](https://web.archive.org/web/20210806092301/https://samarkandtours.com/ru/uzbekistan/boysun/). *samarkandtours.com*. Archived from [the original](https://samarkandtours.com/ru/uzbekistan/boysun/) on 2021-08-06. Retrieved 2023-11-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["Источник"](https://web.archive.org/web/20210806092301/https://samarkandtours.com/ru/uzbekistan/boysun/). *samarkandtours.com*. Archived from [the original](https://samarkandtours.com/ru/uzbekistan/boysun/) on 2021-08-06. Retrieved 2023-11-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Boysun tumani haqida qo`llanma"](https://anyflip.com/xbrjs/hael/basic). *anyflip.com*. Retrieved 2023-11-02.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-WMONormals_11-0)** ["World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Angren"](https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/4.4/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Uzbekistan/CSV/Baysun_38827.csv). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 19, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-NOAA_12-0)** ["Climate Normals for Bajsun"](ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/UZ/38827.TXT). *[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration](/source/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration)* ([FTP](/source/FTP)). Retrieved 10 February 2013. (To view documents see [Help:FTP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:FTP))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** ["Перепись-1979"](http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/ussr79_reg2.php). Retrieved 2013-01-23.{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** ["Перепись-1989"](http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng89_reg2.php). Retrieved 2013-01-23.{{[cite web](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_web)}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_deprecated_archival_service))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** ["Citypopulation"](https://web.archive.org/web/20190730112649/http://citypopulation.de/Uzbekistan.html). Archived from [the original](http://www.citypopulation.de/Uzbekistan.html) on 2019-07-30. Retrieved 2013-01-23.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** ["Boysun"](https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5300/). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 10 February 2013.

v t e Surxondaryo Region Capital: Termez Districts Termez City Angor Bandixon Boysun Denov Jarqoʻrgʻon Muzrabot Oltinsoy Qiziriq Qumqoʻrgʻon Sariosiyo Sherobod Shoʻrchi Termiz Uzun Cities Boysun Denov Jarqoʻrgʻon Qumqoʻrgʻon Shargʻun Sherobod Shoʻrchi Termez Towns Angor Bandixon Doʻstlik Elbayon Hurriyat Kakaydi Qarluq Sariosiyo Sariq Uchqizil Uzun Xalqobod

v t e Tourist attractions in Uzbekistan World Heritage Sites Listed Cold Winter Deserts of Turan Historic Centre of Bukhara Historic Centre of Shakhrisyabz Itchan Kala Samarkand – Crossroads of Cultures Silk Roads: Zarafshan-Karakum Corridor Western Tien-Shan Tentative list Abdulkhan Bandi Dam Akhsikath Ak Astana-Baba Ancient Termiz Ancient Pap Andijan Arab-Ata Mausoleum Bahoutdin Architectural Complex Boysun Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum Chor-Bakr Desert Castles of Ancient Khorezm Hisor Mountains Historic Centre of Qoqon Kanka Khanbandi Khazarasp Minaret in Vobkent Mir-Sayid Bakhrom Mausoleum Nurota Mountains Poykent Rabati Malik Caravanserai Sarmishsay petroglyphs Shahrukhiya Sheikh Mukhtar-Vali Complex Shokhimardon Mountains Silk Road Sites in Uzbekistan Silk Roads: Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor Siypantosh Rock Paintings Tashkent makhallas Tashkent Modernist Architecture Varakhsha Zomin Mountains Zarautsoy Rock Paintings Cultural Archaeological sites Afrasiyab Akchakhan-Kala Akhsikath Ancient Pap Ayaz-Kala Balalyk Tepe Burchmullo Dalverzin Tepe Fayaz Tepe Guldursun-Kala Hazorasp Itchan Kala Kafir-kala Kara Tepe Khalchayan Khiva Koi Krylgan Kala Kyzyl-Kala Obi-Rakhmat Grotto Orlat plaques Poykent Sarmishsay Shahrukhiya Siypantosh Rock Paintings Tavka Kurgan Toprak-Kala Zarautsoy Rock Paintings Complexes Bahoutdin Architectural Complex Lab-i Hauz Po-i-Kalyan Registan Forts Ark of Bukhara Urda fortress Madrasas Kukeldash Madrasa The Madrasa of Abulkosim Nadir Devanbegi Madrasah Mir-i Arab Madrasa Sherdar Madrasa Tilakari Madrasa Ulugh Beg Madrasa Saroyi Tash Madrasah Mausoleums Ak Astana-Baba Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum Chor-Bakr Gur-e-Amir Mausoleum of Sheikh Zaynudin Mir-Sayid Bakhrom Mausoleum Saif ed-Din Bokharzi & Bayan-Quli Khan Mausoleums Samanid Mausoleum Sayyed Bahram Mausoleum Shah-i-Zinda Sheikh Mukhtar-Vali Complex Sheihantaur Sultan Saodat Museums Afrasiab Museum of Samarkand Amir Timur Museum Archaeological Museum of Termez Art Gallery of Uzbekistan Bukhara State Architectural Art Museum-Preserve Memorial house museum of Tamara Khanum Museum Afshona Museum of Arts of Uzbekistan The Museum of Communication History in Uzbekistan Museum of Geology The Museum of Health Care of Uzbekistan Museum of Olympic Glory Museum of Victims of Political Repression in Tashkent Nukus Museum of Art Shahrisabz Museum of History and Material Culture State Museum of Culture History of Uzbekistan (Samarkand) State Museum of History of Uzbekistan State Museum of Nature of Uzbekistan Tashkent Museum of Railway Techniques Tashkent Planetarium Tashkent Polytechnical Museum The Alisher Navoi State Museum of Literature Ulugh Beg Observatory Places of worship Ak Mosque Baland Mosque Bibi-Khanym Mosque Bolo Haouz Mosque Cathedral of the Dormition of the Mother of God Chor Minor Dzhuma Mosque Kalân Mosque Kalyan minaret Khonakhan Mosque Magok-i-Attari Mosque Magok-i-Kurpa Mosque Mosque of Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani Sacred Heart Cathedral St. John the Baptist Church Theaters Navoi Theater Peoples' Friendship Palace Others Khanqah of Nodir Devonbegi Monument to Nizami Ganjavi in Tashkent Mustaqillik Maydoni Rabati Malik Siyob Bazaar Square of Martyrs in Uzbekistan Tashkent Tower Natural Lakes Aydar Lake Lake Charvak National parks Chatkalskiy State Nature Reserve Zaamin National Park

Authority control databases VIAF

[38°12′N 67°12′E / 38.200°N 67.200°E / 38.200; 67.200](https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Boysun&params=38_12_N_67_12_E_source:kolossus-itwiki)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Boysun](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boysun) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boysun?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.