# Botryobasidiaceae

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{{Short description|Family of fungi}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Botryobasidiaceae
| image = 2012-04-28 Botryobasidium subcoronatum (Höhn. & Litsch.) Donk 215384.jpg
| image_caption = ''Botryobasidium subcoronatum''
| taxon = Botryobasidiaceae
| authority = ([Parm.](/source/Erast_Parmasto)) Jülich (1982)
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = ''[Botryobasidium](/source/Botryobasidium)''<br>
''[Suillosporium](/source/Suillosporium)''
| synonyms = Botryobasidioideae <small>Parm. (1968) </small><br>
Botryohypochnoideae <small>Parm. (1968) </small><br>
Botryohypochnaceae <small>(Parm.) Jülich (1982) </small>
}}

The '''Botryobasidiaceae''' are a family of [fungi](/source/fungi) in the order [Cantharellales](/source/Cantharellales). The family contains a group of [corticioid fungi](/source/corticioid_fungi) that form thin, web-like [basidiocarps](/source/basidiocarps). Some species form asexual [anamorphs](/source/anamorphs) producing [chlamydospore](/source/chlamydospore)s. All are believed to be wood-rotting or litter-rotting [saprotrophs](/source/saprotrophs). None is known to be of any economic importance.

==Taxonomy==

===History===
The name Botryobasidioideae was first introduced as a subfamily of the [Corticiaceae](/source/Corticiaceae) in 1958 by Swedish [mycologist](/source/mycologist) [John Eriksson](/source/John_Eriksson_(mycologist)), but was not fully described and validly published until taken up by Estonian mycologist [Erast Parmasto](/source/Erast_Parmasto) in 1968. Parmasto placed the genera ''[Botryobasidium](/source/Botryobasidium)'' (together with the [anamorph](/source/anamorph)ic genus ''Oidium'') and ''[Uthatobasidium](/source/Uthatobasidium)'' within the subfamily, noting that they shared certain "primitive" characters linking them to the [Ceratobasidiaceae](/source/Ceratobasidiaceae) and [Tulasnellaceae](/source/Tulasnellaceae).<ref name="Parmasto1968"/>

In 1982 Jülich raised the subfamily to the rank of family, as the Botryobasidiaceae, and placed it in a new [order](/source/order_(biology)), the Botryobasidiales (which also included the family Botryohypochnaceae). A standard 1995 reference work included within the Botryobasidiaceae the corticioid genera ''Botryobasidium'', ''[Botryodontia](/source/Botryodontia)'', ''Botryohypochnus'' (considered a synonym of ''Botryobasidium''), ''[Candelabrochaete](/source/Candelabrochaete)'', ''[Suillosporium](/source/Suillosporium)'', and ''[Waitea](/source/Waitea)'', based mainly on similarities in their basidiocarp [micromorphology](/source/morphology_(biology)). The family was placed in the order [Stereales](/source/Stereales).<ref name="Dictionary1995" />

===Current status===
[Molecular](/source/Molecular_phylogenetics) research, based on [cladistic](/source/cladistic) analysis of [DNA sequences](/source/DNA_sequences), has confirmed the Botryobasidiaceae as a separate family, but restricted to the genus ''Botryobasidium'', including its anamorphs and ''Botryohypochnus''. The family is placed alongside the Ceratobasidiaceae and Tulasnellaceae within the order Cantharellales.<ref name="Moncalvoetal2006"/><ref name="Larsson2007"/> Genera previously included within the Botryobasidiaceae have now been placed in the [Corticiales](/source/Corticiales) (''Waitea''), [Hymenochaetales](/source/Hymenochaetales) (''Botryodontia''), and [Polyporales](/source/Polyporales) (''Candelabrochaete''). The disposition of ''Suillosporium'' is as yet unknown.<ref name="Larsson2007"/>

==Habitat and distribution==
According to a 2008 estimate, the Botryobasidiaceae contains around 80 species worldwide.<ref name="Kirk2008"/> Species are assumed to be wood- and litter-rotting [saprotrophs](/source/saprotrophs) and are typically found on the undersides of fallen, rotting branches in woodland leaf litter. Basidiocarps are thin and ephemeral.<ref name="Langer1994"/> None is known to be of any economic importance.<ref name="Cannonetal2007"/>

==References==
{{Reflist|2|refs=

<ref name="Parmasto1968">{{cite book |author=Parmasto E. |title=Conspectus systematis Corticiacearum |publisher=Acad. Sci. Estonicae |location=Tartu |year=1968 }}</ref>

<ref name="Dictionary1995">{{cite book |title=[Dictionary of the Fungi](/source/Dictionary_of_the_Fungi) |edition=8th |veditors=Hawksworth DL, Kirk PM, Sutton BC, Pegler DN  |year=1995 |publisher=CABI |location=Wallingford, Oxford |isbn= 0-85198-885-7 }}</ref>

<ref name="Moncalvoetal2006">{{cite journal |doi=10.1080/15572536.2006.11832623 |author=Moncalvo J-M |year=2006 |title=The cantharelloid clade: dealing with incongruent gene trees and phylogenetic reconstruction methods |journal=Mycologia |volume=98 |issue=6 |pages=937–948 |pmid=17486970 |display-authors=etal}} {{cite web |url=http://www1.univap.br/drauzio/index_arquivos/Myco11.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2010-12-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706162341/http://www1.univap.br/drauzio/index_arquivos/Myco11.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-06 }}</ref>

<ref name="Larsson2007">{{cite journal | author=Larsson K.-H. | year=2007 | title=Re-thinking the classification of corticioid fungi | journal=Mycological Research | volume=111 | issue=9 |  pages=1040–1063 | doi=10.1016/j.mycres.2007.08.001 | pmid=17981020}}</ref>

<ref name="Kirk2008">{{cite book |veditors=Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA |title=[Dictionary of the Fungi](/source/Dictionary_of_the_Fungi) |edition=10th |publisher=CABI |location=Wallingford, Oxford |year=2008 }}</ref>

<ref name="Langer1994">{{cite book |author=Langer G. |title=Die Gattung ''Botryobasidium'' Donk (Biblio. Mycol. 158) |publisher=J. Cramer |location=Berlin |year=1994  |isbn=3-443-59060-8}}</ref>

<ref name="Cannonetal2007">{{cite book |vauthors=Cannon PF, Kirk PM|title=Fungal families of the world|publisher=CABI |location=Wallingford, Oxford |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-85199-827-5}}</ref>

}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1936992}}

Category:Cantharellales
Category:Basidiomycota families

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Botryobasidiaceae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botryobasidiaceae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botryobasidiaceae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.