# Botijo > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Botijo > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Botijo.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botijo > Source revision: 1328255416 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Clay water container}} {{more citations needed|date=July 2022}} thumb|upright|White botijo A '''''botijo''''', also called ''búcaro'' in [Spanish](/source/Spanish_language), ''càntir'' in [Catalan](/source/Catalan_language),{{Cite web |title=càntir |work=Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana |language=ca |location= Barcelona |url=https://www.enciclopedia.cat/gran-enciclopedia-catalana/cantir-0 |access-date=2023-07-17}}{{Cite web |title=Museu del càntir {{!}} ARGENTONA |url=https://www.museucantir.org/ca |language= Catalan, Spanish, English|access-date=2023-07-17 |website=www.museucantir.org}}{{Cite web |publisher=Agència Catalana del Patrimoni, Generalitat de Catalunya|title=Un càntir per a cada funció: les tipologies |url=https://visitmuseum.gencat.cat/ca/museu-del-cantir-d-argentona/ambit/un-cantir-per-a-cada-funcio-les-tipologies |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=Visitmuseum · Catalonia museums |language=ca, oc, es, en, fr}}, ''botico'' in [Aragonese](/source/Aragonese_language), ''canabarro'' in [Galician](/source/Galician_language),{{Cite web |title=canabarro |work=Dicionario da Real Academia Galega |url=https://academia.gal/dicionario/-/termo/canabarro |access-date=2023-07-17 |publisher=Real Academia Galega |language=gl}} ''txongil'' in [Basque](/source/Basque_language), and ''boteja'' in Hispanic America, is a traditional porous [clay](/source/clay) container designed to contain [water](/source/water).{{Cite web|url=http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/botijo-jug|title=The Art, Science, and Allure of Spain's Water-Cooling Jugs|first=Ignacio|last=Amigo|date=August 22, 2019|website=Atlas Obscura}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/l/let-them-eat-clay/|title=Let Them Eat Clay!|first=Online Museum|last=Victoria and Albert Museum|date=November 10, 2011|website=www.vam.ac.uk}} The botijo, or water jar, is a typical element of [culture in many parts of Spain](/source/Spanish_culture) and may vary in shape and color. Although the botijo can, exceptionally, also be found in glass, metal or even plastic, it is usually and traditionally made of clay, due to the properties of this material, such that, once the botijo is filled, it cools the water that it contains, acting as an [evaporative cooler](/source/evaporative_cooler).{{Cite web |title=How to Keep Beverages Cool Outside the Refrigerator |url=https://www.notechmagazine.com/2012/04/botijos.html |access-date=2022-09-01 |website=www.notechmagazine.com}} The botijo has a wide belly and one or more mouths where it is filled and one or more outputs, called ''pitón'' or ''pitorro'' (in Spanish), to drink from.{{Cite web |title=BOTIJO |url=https://etimologias.dechile.net/?botijo |access-date=2023-05-31 |website=Etimologías de Chile - Diccionario que explica el origen de las palabras |language=es}} [[File:Botijo Argárico de Beniajan.jpg|thumb|[Early Bronze Age](/source/Early_Bronze_Age) botijo of the [Argaric culture](/source/Argaric_culture). [Beniaján](/source/Beniaj%C3%A1n) ([Murcia](/source/Region_of_Murcia)), Spain]] The oldest botijo found on the [Iberian Peninsula](/source/Iberian_Peninsula) belongs to the [Argaric culture](/source/Argaric_culture) and was discovered in the necropolis of Puntarrón Chico ([Beniaján](/source/Beniaj%C3%A1n)), near the capital of the [Region of Murcia](/source/Region_of_Murcia), where it is preserved in the [Archaeological Museum of Murcia](/source/Archaeological_Museum_of_Murcia). It is an important piece in the historiography of ceramics, being a 'closed work' with a single hole of {{convert|2|cm|abbr=on}} and the handle placed on the top; the dimensions of the pitcher are {{convert|11|x|9.5|cm|abbr=on}}.{{cite book|author-link=Emilio Sempere|date=2006|first=Emili|last=Sempere Ferrándiz|page=88|publisher=Les Puntxes|title=Historia y arte en la cerámica de España y Portugal. De los orígenes a la Edad Media}} The ''[búcaro de Indias](/source/b%C3%BAcaro_de_Indias)'' is a special type, made of fragrant clay from Mexico, that was prized in Europe.{{cite web | url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/662163 | title=Covered jar | Mexican }} == Operation == {{See also|Evaporative cooler}} The operating principle of the botijo, or any earthenware water jar, is as follows: the stored water is filtered through the pores of the clay and in contact with the outside dry environment (characteristic of Mediterranean climate), it [evaporates](/source/Evaporation), producing a cooling (2.219 kilo[joule](/source/joule)s per gram of evaporated water). The key for cooling it, is by the evaporation of bleed water, as the water evaporates, it extracts [thermal energy](/source/thermal_energy) from the water stored inside the jug.
...because of the porous nature of the clay jar, which is unglazed, the water within will slowly seep out through the pores, and the warm air outside causes evaporation. This circulation and evaporation keeps the walls of the jar cool, and the water inside lowers in temperature, and becomes excellent for drinking.{{cite journal |journal=The Clay-Worker |volume=85-86 |year=1926 |page=37 |language=en |oclc=1397578 |issn=0095-8425 }}
== Gallery == File:Museo Chinchilla Belmonte-Useros Botijos.JPG|Botijo collection. Museo de Cerámica Nacional. File:El botijo-Sorolla.jpg|''El botijo'' (c. 1904) by [Joaquín Sorolla](/source/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Sorolla) File:William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) - Thirst (1886).jpg|''Thirst'' (1886) by [William-Adolphe Bouguereau](/source/William-Adolphe_Bouguereau) ==See also== * [Olla](/source/Olla) * [Porró](/source/Porron) - another distinctively Spanish vessel, mainly traditional in Catalonia, Aragon, the Valencian Land and the Balearic Islands. ==Notes== {{reflist}} == External links == {{Commons category|Botijos}} Category:Containers Category:Culture of Spain Category:Culture of Catalonia {{Spain-culture-stub}} {{food-utensil-stub}} --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Botijo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botijo) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botijo?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.