# Bolyeriidae

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{{Short description|Family of snakes}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Casarea_dussumieri_IleRonde_860513.jpg
| image_caption = Round Island ground boa, ''[Casarea dussumieri](/source/Casarea)''
| taxon = Bolyeriidae
| authority = [Hoffstetter](/source/Robert_Hoffstetter), 1946
| synonyms = * Bolyerinae <br />{{small|Hoffstetter, 1946}}
* Bolyeriinae <br />{{small|[C.J. Goin](/source/%3Afr%3AColeman_Jett_Goin) & [O.B. Goin](/source/Olive_Lynda_Bown_Goin), 1962}}
* Bolyeroidae <br />{{small|[McDowell](/source/Samuel_Booker_McDowell), 1987}}
* Bolyeriidae <br />{{small|McDowell, 1987}}<ref name="McD99">[McDiarmid RW](/source/%3Afr%3ARoy_Wallace_McDiarmid), [Campbell JA](/source/Jonathan_A._Campbell), Touré TA. (1999). ''Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1''. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. {{ISBN|1-893777-00-6}} (series). {{ISBN|1-893777-01-4}} (volume).</ref>
}}

:''Common names: Mauritius snakes,<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS |id=202188 |taxon=Bolyeriidae |accessdate=16 August 2007}}</ref> Round Island boas, splitjaw snakes.''
The '''Bolyeriidae''' are a [family](/source/Family_(taxonomy))<ref name="ITIS"/> of snakes native to [Mauritius](/source/Mauritius) and a few islands around it, especially [Round Island](/source/Round_Island_(Mauritius)). They also used to be found on the island of Mauritius, but were [extirpate](/source/Local_extinction)d there due to human influence and foraging pigs in particular.<ref name="NRDB">{{NRDB family|page=bolyeridae.php|family=Bolyeridae|date=3 November|year=2008}}</ref> These snakes used to be placed in the [Boidae](/source/Boidae), but are now classed as a separate family. Two [monotypic](/source/monotypic) [genera](/source/Genus) are recognized, but only a single species is extant (not extinct).<ref name="ITIS"/> Bolyeriidae appear to be most closely related to the Asian genus ''[Xenophidion](/source/Xenophidion)''.<ref name="Lawson04">{{cite journal|last1=Lawson|first1=R.|last2=Slowinski|first2=J. B.|last3=Burbrink|first3=F. T.|title=A molecular approach to discerning the phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic snake Xenophidion schaeferi among the Alethinophidia|journal=Journal of Zoology|date=2004|volume=263|issue=3|pages=285–294|doi=10.1017/s0952836904005278|citeseerx=10.1.1.504.6967}}</ref>

==Geographic range==
Found in Mauritius and its surrounding islets such as Serpent island, Round island, Flat island etc.<ref name="McD99"/>

==Genera==
{|class="wikitable
!Genus<ref name="ITIS"/>
!Taxon author<ref name="ITIS"/>
!Species<ref name="ITIS"/>
!Common name
!Geographic range<ref name="McD99"/>
|-
|''[Bolyeria](/source/Bolyeria)''<span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>T</sup></span>
|[Gray](/source/John_Edward_Gray), 1842
|align="center"|1
|Round Island burrowing boa<ref name="EMBL-B">{{EMBL species|genus=Bolyeria|species=multocarinata|date=17 August|year=2007}}</ref>
|style="width:40%"|[Mauritius](/source/Mauritius).
|-
|''[Casarea](/source/Casarea)''
|Gray, 1842
|align="center"|1
|Round Island ground boa<ref name="EMBL-C">{{EMBL species|genus=Casarea|species=dussumieri|date=17 August|year=2007}}</ref>
|Mauritius.
|-
|}
<span style="font-size:100%;"><sup>T</sup></span>) [Type genus](/source/Type_genus).<ref name="McD99"/>

Both of these monotypic genera once inhabited Mauritius and/or a number of islands around it. However, ''Bolyeria'' hasn't been reported since 1975 and is believed to be extinct, while ''Casarea'' is known to survive only on [Round Island](/source/Round_Island_(Mauritius)).<ref name="McD99"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite encyclopedia | last = Barker | first = David G.| last2 = Barker | first2 = Tracy M. | editor-last = Murphy | editor-first = James B.| editor-last2 = Schlager | editor-first2 = Neil | title = Family: Splitjaw snakes | encyclopedia = Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia, Second Edition | volume = 7 | publisher = Gale Group | location = Farmington Hills, Michigan | date = 2003 | isbn = 0-7876-5783-2 |ref={{harvid|Barker|2003}}}}
*[Hoffstetter R](/source/Robert_Hoffstetter) (1946). "''Remarques sur la classification des Ophidiens et particulièrement des Boides des Mascareignes (Boylerinae subfam. nov.)''". ''Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle'', Series 2, '''18''' (1): 132–135. (in French).

==External links==
{{Commons}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150122220757/http://snakesarelong.blogspot.com/2012/04/round-island-splitjaw-snakes.html Bolyeriids at Life is Short, but Snakes are Long].

{{Snake_families}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q582998}}
{{Authority control}}

Category:Bolyeriidae
Category:Reptiles of Mauritius
Category:Endemic fauna of Mauritius
Category:Taxa named by Robert Hoffstetter
Category:Snake families

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Bolyeriidae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolyeriidae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolyeriidae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.