# Boerperd

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{{short description|South African breed of horse}}
{{use dmy dates|date=March 2016}}
{{use list-defined references|date=March 2016}}
{{use South African English|date=March 2016}}
{{infobox horse breed
| name            = Boerperd
| image           = Boerperd.jpg
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| status          = [FAO](/source/FAO) (2007): no data{{r|barb|p=134}}
| altname         = {{ubl|Boer{{r|dad}}|SA Boerperd|Historiese Boerperd{{r|dad}}|Kaapse Boerperd{{r|dad}}|Cape Boerperd|Boer Pony|Hantam{{r|cabi|p=445}}}}
| country         = {{ubl|South Africa|[Botswana](/source/Botswana){{r|dad2}}}}
| distribution    = 
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}}

The '''Boerperd''' is a modern South African [breed](/source/List_of_horse_breeds) of [riding horse](/source/riding_horse).{{r|dad}} It is a re-creation of the traditional Cape Horse or old-type Boer Horse,{{r|dad}} which is now extinct.{{r|barb|page=105}}

== History ==

The origins of the Cape Horse go back to the horses taken to southern Africa by the Dutch settlers who established the first European settlement in the area of the [Cape of Storms](/source/Cape_of_Storms) in 1652 – there were no indigenous horses in the area. The first four of these were imported from [Java](/source/Java) by the [Dutch East India Company](/source/Dutch_East_India_Company) in 1653; it is likely that they were of [Arab](/source/Arab_(horse_breed)) or [Barb](/source/Barb_(horse)) type, but some may been of [Mongolian](/source/Mongolian_(horse)) origin, as Mongolian horses had earlier been introduced to Java.{{r|cabi|p=445}} A few Persian Arab [stallion](/source/stallion)s were later added to the horse population in the area when a ship sailing from Java to Persia ran aground on the South African coast.{{r|cabi|p=445}} Some use was made from about 1820 of imported stallions of both Arab and [Thoroughbred](/source/Thoroughbred) stock, and then – in the later nineteenth and early twentieth centuries – there were various additions of [Cleveland Bay](/source/Cleveland_Bay), [Friesian](/source/Friesian_(horse)), [Hackney](/source/Hackney_(horse)), [Norfolk Trotter](/source/Norfolk_Trotter) and [Oldenburger](/source/Alt-Oldenburger) blood; the Friesian could not legally be shipped from the Netherlands, so instead were shipped from [Antwerp](/source/Antwerp) as "Flemish" or {{lang|af|i=no|Vlaamperd}}.{{r|cabi|p=445}} This mixed stock came to be known as the Cape Horse or Hantam.{{r|cabi|p=445}}

During the [Boer Wars](/source/Boer_Wars) between 1880 and 1902, many old-type Boer horses were killed: some died in the fighting, while others were shot on Boer farms. By the end of the wars, numbers were greatly reduced and conservation efforts began. From 1905 until about 1920 the horses could be registered with the horse-breeders' association of [Transvaal](/source/Transvaal_Colony).{{r|stud}}

A [breeders' association](/source/breeders'_association), the Kaapse Boerperd Breeders' Society of South Africa, was formed in 1948.{{r|cape}} A separate association, the Boerperd Society of South Africa, formed in 1973. It became the Historiese Boerperd Breeders Society in 1977, and SA Boerperd in 1998.{{r|stud}} The Historiese Boerperd was officially recognised by the [Department of Agriculture](/source/Department_of_Agriculture_(South_Africa)) in 1996.{{r|stud}} Both associations are members of the SA Stud Book Association.{{r|sa}}

The first horses to be imported into Australia were of this breed, which thus contributed to the evolution of the Australian [Waler](/source/Waler).{{r|edwards|page=207}} The extinct [Basuto Pony](/source/Basuto_Pony), [Calvinia](/source/Calvinia_(horse)), [Cape Harness](/source/Cape_Harness) and [Namaqua Pony](/source/Namaqua_Pony) all derived from the same original stock, as does the [Nooitgedachter](/source/Nooitgedachter).{{r|dad1}}

== Use ==

The Boerperd is used as a general [riding horse](/source/riding_horse) and in agriculture; it is suitable for competitive [endurance riding](/source/endurance_riding).{{r|cabi|p=445}}

== References ==
{{commonscat}}
<references>

<ref name=barb>Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200623201209/http://www.fao.org/3/a1250e/annexes/List%20of%20breeds%20documented%20in%20the%20Global%20Databank%20for%20Animal%20Genetic%20Resources/List_breeds.pdf List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources], annex to [https://web.archive.org/web/20170110125634/http://www.fao.org/3/a-a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{isbn|9789251057629}}. Archived 23 June 2020.</ref>

<ref name=cabi>Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). [https://books.google.it/books?id=2UEJDAAAQBAJ&hl=en ''Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding''] (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. {{isbn|9781780647944}}.</ref>

<ref name=cape>[http://www.capeboerperd.co.za/capeboerperdbreeders.htm Boerperd breeders]. Kaapse/Cape Boerperd Breeders Society. Accessed March 2016.</ref>{{self-published inline|date=March 2016}}

<ref name=dad>[http://dad.fao.org/cgi-bin/EfabisWeb.cgi?sid=0b1613ebf16355cf65f6a05b9a65fe25,reportsreport8a_50008818 Breed data sheet: Boer/South Africa]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed March 2016.</ref>

<ref name=dad1>[http://dad.fao.org/cgi-bin/EfabisWeb.cgi?sid=0b1613ebf16355cf65f6a05b9a65fe25,reportsreport8a_50009206 Breed data sheet: Cape Horse/South Africa]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed March 2016.</ref>

<ref name=dad2>[http://dad.fao.org/cgi-bin/EfabisWeb.cgi?sid=0b1613ebf16355cf65f6a05b9a65fe25,reportsreport8a_50008036 Breed data sheet: Boerperd/Botswana]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed March 2016.</ref>

<ref name=edwards>Elwyn Hartley Edwards (1994). ''The Encyclopedia of the Horse''. London; New York; Stuttgart; Moscow: Dorling Kindersley. {{isbn|0751301159}}.</ref>

<ref name=sa>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161106121906/http://sastudbook.co.za/dc38/sa-stud-book/breeders%27-societies/horses/horse-breeders%27-societies.html Horse Breeders' Societies]. SA Stud Book Association. Archived 6 November 2016.</ref>

<ref name=stud>[https://web.archive.org/web/20030821120951/http://studbook.co.za/society/boerperd/boer.html Boerperd]. The South African Stud Book and Livestock Improvement Association. Archived 21 August 2003.</ref>

</references>

{{Horse breeds of Africa}}

Category:Horse breeds
Category:Horse breeds originating in South Africa
Category:Afrikaans words and phrases

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Boerperd](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boerperd) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boerperd?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.