# Blood compact

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Blood_compact
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Blood_compact.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_compact
> Source revision: 1298893274
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Short description|Filipino ancient ritual}}
{{otheruses}}
[[File:The Blood Compact by Juan Luna.jpg|thumb|''[The Blood Compact](/source/The_Blood_Compact)'' (1886), a painting of the '''Pacto de Sangre''' or ''Sandugo'' by [Juan Luna](/source/Juan_Luna)]]
'''Blood compact''' ([Spanish](/source/Spanish_language): ''Pacto de sangre''; [Tagalog](/source/Tagalog_language): ''Sanduguan'') was an ancient ritual in the [Philippines](/source/Philippines) intended to seal a friendship or treaty, or to validate an agreement. The contracting parties would cut their hands and pour their blood into a cup filled with liquid, such as wine, and [drink](/source/Blood_as_food) the mixture.

A famous example of the blood compact was the 1565 '''El Pacto de Sangre''' or ''[Sandugo](/source/Sandugo)'' between [Spanish](/source/Spaniards) explorer [Miguel López de Legazpi](/source/Miguel_L%C3%B3pez_de_Legazpi) and [Datu Sikatuna](/source/Datu_Sikatuna), the chieftain of [Bohol](/source/Bohol). An earlier blood compact, the first between natives and Europeans took place in 1521 between navigator [Ferdinand Magellan](/source/Ferdinand_Magellan) and [Rajah Humabon](/source/Rajah_Humabon) of [Cebu](/source/Cebu).<ref>[http://www.philippinecountry.com/philippine_festivals/sandugo_festival.html Sandugo Festival Bohol Philippines] www.philippinecountry.com Retrieved December 2006.</ref>

Another type of blood compact was also described by [Antonio Pigafetta](/source/Antonio_Pigafetta) during their stopover in [Palawan](/source/Palawan) (after the death of Magellan). It was made between the crew of the expedition and a ''[datu](/source/datu)'' of [Palawan](/source/Palawan) as a symbol of peaceful intentions. The ''datu'' made a small cut on his chest using a knife borrowed from the expedition. The ''datu'' then dipped a finger on the blood and touched it to the tip of his tongue and on his forehead. The crew of the expedition did the same to seal the compact.<ref>{{cite book|chapter=Primo Viaggio Intorno Al Mondo |last1=Pigafetta |first1=Antonio |title=The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898, Volume XXXIII, 1519-1522|editor1= Emma Helen Blair|editor2=James Alexander Robertson  |date=1906 |publisher=Arthur H. Clark Company |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/42884/42884-h/42884-h.htm#r398}}</ref>

A similar ritual was practiced by initiates into the 19th century revolutionary group, the [Katipunan](/source/Katipunan). Though they did not consume their blood, they used it to sign their membership contracts. 

Another relatively recent blood compact was in the 1860s between the close friends [Sultan Jamalul Alam](/source/Sultan_Jamalul_Alam) of the [Sultanate of Sulu](/source/Sultanate_of_Sulu) and Herman Leopold Schück, a [Prussian](/source/Prussia) [merchant mariner](/source/merchant_mariner). Schück eventually settled in [Sulu](/source/Sulu) and introduced the [Kahawa Sug](/source/Kahawa_Sug) [coffee varietal](/source/coffee_varietal) to the islands.<ref name="CNNBueno">{{cite news |last1=Bueno |first1=Anna |title=The untold heritage of Sulu's fascinating coffee culture |url=http://cnnphilippines.com/life/leisure/food/2016/11/11/sulu-coffee.html |access-date=21 December 2018 |work=CNN Philippines |date=11 November 2016 |archive-date=21 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181221090536/http://cnnphilippines.com/life/leisure/food/2016/11/11/sulu-coffee.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==See also==
* [Blood oath (ritual)](/source/Blood_oath_(ritual))

==References==
{{Reflist}}

Category:Culture of the Philippines
Category:Filipino nobility
Category:Blood in culture

{{Asia-culture-stub}}
{{Philippines-stub}}

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Blood compact](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_compact) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_compact?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.