# Block settlement > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Block_settlement > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Block_settlement.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_settlement > Source revision: 1342467475 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{Short description|Type of land distribution to settlers with the same ethnicity}} {{distinguish|Settlement blocs}} thumb|CPR land sales advertisement A '''block settlement''' (or '''bloc settlement''') is a particular type of land distribution which allows [settlers](/source/settlers) with the same [ethnicity](/source/ethnicity) to form small [colonies](/source/colonies). This settlement type was used throughout [western Canada](/source/western_Canada) between the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Some were planned and others were spontaneously created by the settlers themselves. As a legacy of the block settlements, the three Prairie Provinces have several regions where ancestries other than British are the largest, unlike the norm in surrounding regions. The policy of planned blocks was pursued primarily by [Clifford Sifton](/source/Clifford_Sifton) during his time as [Interior Minister of Canada](/source/Minister_of_the_Interior_(Canada)). It was essentially a compromise position. Some politicians wanted all ethnic groups to be scattered evenly though the new lands to ensure they would quickly assimilate to Anglo-Canadian culture, while others did not want to live near "foreign" immigrants (as opposed to British immigrants who were not considered foreign) and demanded that they be segregated. At the time, Canada was receiving large numbers of non-British, non-French, immigrants for the first time, especially [Italians](/source/Italians), [Germans](/source/Germans), [Scandinavia](/source/Scandinavia)ns, and [Ukrainians](/source/Ukrainians). The newcomers themselves wanted to settle as close as possible to people with a familiar language and similar customs. The government did not want the West to be fragmented into a few large homogeneous ethnic blocks, however, so several smaller colonies were set up where particular ethnic groups could settle, but these were spaced across the country.{{cite web | title =Atlas of Saskatchewan (Ethnic Bloc Settlements map)| url =http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cansk/maps/ethnic-bloc.html|date= | accessdate =2014-05-31}}{{cite web | title =Ethnic Bloc Settlement in the Prairies| url =http://www.fwalive.ualberta.ca/vmctm_media/Ukrainian/UKR_Clips/UKR3_P4.gif|date=1989 | accessdate =2014-05-31}} Similar to block settlements in Canada, the United States had several [Ethnic Group Settlements](/source/Ethnic_Group_Settlements) across the [Great Plains](/source/Great_Plains), which were founded by European settlers across the 1880s. These were towns of Czechs, Norwegians, Germans, Russians, and religious groups that were allotted land to create homesteads and farms.[https://www.jstor.org/stable/967339] ==American== === Black people === {{further|Black Canadians|Freedmen's town}} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Amber Valley, Alberta](/source/Amber_Valley%2C_Alberta) * [Breton, Alberta](/source/Breton%2C_Alberta) * [Maidstone, Saskatchewan](/source/Maidstone%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Happy Valley, British Columbia](/source/Happy_Valley%2C_British_Columbia) * [Saltspring Island](/source/Saltspring_Island), British Columbia * [Wildwood, Alberta](/source/Wildwood%2C_Alberta) }} === Mormon === {{further|Mormon Corridor|The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Canada}} {{Gallery |width=160 | height=170 |align=center |File:Cardston Alberta Mormon Temple 2011.jpg |alt1=Cardston Alberta Temple |[Mormon temple](/source/Cardston_Alberta_Temple) in [Cardston, Alberta](/source/Cardston%2C_Alberta). |File:Michelsen Farmstead.jpg |alt2=[Michelsen Farmstead](/source/Michelsen_Farmstead), museum in Stirling, Alberta |[Michelsen Farmstead](/source/Michelsen_Farmstead), museum in [Stirling, Alberta](/source/Stirling%2C_Alberta) }} [Cardston](/source/Cardston%2C_Alberta) founded in 1887 was the first Latter-day Saint settlement in Alberta. {{cite web |title=Mormon News Room: Facts and Statistics (Canada-Alberta) |url=https://newsroom.churchofjesuschrist.org/facts-and-statistics/country/canada/province/alberta |accessdate=2014-06-19}} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *[Altorado](/source/Altorado%2C_Alberta) *[Barnwell](/source/Barnwell%2C_Alberta) *[Bow Island](/source/Bow_Island%2C_Alberta) *[Del Bonita](/source/Del_Bonita%2C_Alberta) *[Ensign](/source/Ensign%2C_Alberta) *[Glenwood](/source/Glenwood%2C_Alberta) *[Hill Spring](/source/Hill_Spring) *[Jefferson](/source/Jefferson%2C_Alberta) *[Kimball](/source/Kimball%2C_Alberta) *[Lundbreck](/source/Lundbreck%2C_Alberta) *[Magrath](/source/Magrath%2C_Alberta) *[Orton](/source/Orton%2C_Alberta) *[Pincher Creek](/source/Pincher_Creek) *[Raley](/source/Raley%2C_Alberta) *[Raymond](/source/Raymond%2C_Alberta) *[Seven Persons](/source/Seven_Persons%2C_Alberta) *[Stirling](/source/Stirling%2C_Alberta) *[Taber](/source/Taber%2C_Alberta) *[Welling](/source/Welling%2C_Alberta) *[Woolford](/source/Woolford%2C_Alberta) }} ==Anabaptist== {{Gallery |width=160 | height=170 |align=center |File:Hutterer-Oak Bluff.jpg |alt1=Oak Bluff Colony sign (Hutterian Brethren) |Oak Bluff Colony sign (Hutterian Brethren) |File:DENT(1881) 1.378 MANITOBA; RAT RIVER MENNONITE RESERVATION.jpg |alt2=Mennonite Reserve settlement on the Rat River in Manitoba (1881) |Mennonite Reserve settlement on the Rat River in Manitoba (1881) |File:Mennonite Heritage Village Steinbach Manitoba Canada 1 (6).JPG |alt3=[Mennonite Heritage Village](/source/Mennonite_Heritage_Village) in [Steinbach, Manitoba](/source/Steinbach%2C_Manitoba) |[Mennonite Heritage Village](/source/Mennonite_Heritage_Village) in [Steinbach, Manitoba](/source/Steinbach%2C_Manitoba) }} ===Hutterite=== [Hutterites](/source/Hutterites) are [German](/source/Hutterite_German)-speaking [Anabaptists](/source/Anabaptists) who live in communal agricultural colonies. They have 188 colonies in Alberta, 117 in Manitoba, 72 in Saskatchewan and 3 in British Columbia. These Canadian colonies began with 18 colonies founded in 1919.{{cite web|date=|title=Regional index of Hutterite colonies|url=http://www.cedrontech.com/directory/|accessdate=2014-06-23}}{{cite web|date=26 June 2012|title=Mapping Hutterite Colony Diffusion in North America|url=http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/mb_history/53/hutteritediffusion.shtml|accessdate=2014-06-23}} [http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/mb_history/53/hutteritediffusion3.jpg Map] === Mennonite === The Manitoba government set aside the Mennonite [East Reserve](/source/East_Reserve) now in the [Rural Municipality of Hanover](/source/Rural_Municipality_of_Hanover) and the Mennonite [West Reserve](/source/West_Reserve) now in the [Rural Municipality of Rhineland](/source/Rural_Municipality_of_Rhineland) and the [Rural Municipality of Stanley](/source/Rural_Municipality_of_Stanley) for the new [Russian Mennonite](/source/Russian_Mennonite) immigrants coming to the province beginning in 1874.{{cite web|title=An Experiment in Immigrant Colonization: Canada and the Icelandic Reserve, 1875-1897 by Ryan Christopher Eyford (map page 4)|url=http://mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca/bitstream/1993/4338/1/eyford_ryan.pdf|accessdate=2014-05-28}} Most spoke [Mennonite Low German](/source/Plautdietsch_language).{{cite web|title=Krahn, Cornelius and Adolf Ens. (1989). Manitoba (Canada). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online.|url=http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Manitoba_(Canada)&oldid=121229|accessdate=2014-06-07}} ([http://gameo.org/images/3/31/ME3_458.jpg Map]) Mennonite communities originally part of the [East Reserve](/source/East_Reserve), Manitoba include: {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *[Steinbach, Manitoba](/source/Steinbach%2C_Manitoba) *[Kleefeld, Manitoba](/source/Kleefeld%2C_Manitoba) *[Grunthal, Manitoba](/source/Grunthal%2C_Manitoba) *[Blumenort, Manitoba](/source/Blumenort%2C_Manitoba) *[Blumenhof, Manitoba](/source/Blumenhof%2C_Manitoba) *[Friedensfeld, Manitoba](/source/Friedensfeld%2C_Manitoba) *[New Bothwell, Manitoba](/source/New_Bothwell%2C_Manitoba), then called Kronsthal *[Mitchell, Manitoba](/source/Mitchell%2C_Manitoba), then called Vollwerk *[Randolph, Manitoba](/source/Randolph%2C_Manitoba), then called Chortitz }} Mennonite communities originally part of the [West Reserve](/source/West_Reserve), Manitoba include: {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *[Schanzenfeld, Manitoba](/source/Schanzenfeld%2C_Manitoba) *[Reinland, Manitoba](/source/Reinland%2C_Manitoba) *[Hochfeld, Manitoba](/source/Hochfeld%2C_Manitoba) *[Blumenfeld, Manitoba](/source/Blumenfeld%2C_Manitoba) *[Neubergthal, Manitoba](/source/Neubergthal%2C_Manitoba) *[Altona, Manitoba](/source/Altona%2C_Manitoba) *[Gretna, Manitoba](/source/Gretna%2C_Manitoba) *[Sommerfeld, Manitoba](/source/Sommerfeld%2C_Manitoba) *[South Blumenort, Manitoba](/source/South_Blumenort%2C_Manitoba) *[Reinfeld, Manitoba](/source/Reinfeld%2C_Manitoba) *[Blumengart, Manitoba](/source/Blumengart%2C_Manitoba) *[Friedensruh, Manitoba](/source/Friedensruh%2C_Manitoba) *[Chortitz, Manitoba](/source/Chortitz%2C_Manitoba), not to be confused with Chortitz/Randolph, East Reserve *[Osterwick, Manitoba](/source/Osterwick%2C_Manitoba) }} Mennonite communities originally part of the Scratching River Settlement, Manitoba include: {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *[Rosenort, Manitoba](/source/Rosenort%2C_Manitoba) *Riverside, Manitoba, then called Rosenhof }} Saskatchewan settlements{{cite web|title=Rempel, John G. and Otto Driedger. (1990). Saskatchewan (Canada). Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online.|url=http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Saskatchewan_(Canada)&oldid=114354|accessdate=2014-06-07}} ([http://gameo.org/images/a/ab/ME4_424.jpg Map]) {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *[Rosthern, Saskatchewan](/source/Rosthern%2C_Saskatchewan) 1891–1892,{{cite web|title=Mennonite Historical Society of Canada (history/migrations to Canada)|url=http://www.mhsc.ca/|accessdate=2014-05-28}} Eigenheim, Laird, [Waldheim](/source/Waldheim%2C_Saskatchewan), Tiefengrund. * [Osler, Saskatchewan](/source/Osler%2C_Saskatchewan)/[Hague, Saskatchewan](/source/Hague%2C_Saskatchewan) 1895 * Langham, Dalmeny, Borden, Mennon, Hepburn * Herbert and [Swift Current, Saskatchewan](/source/Swift_Current%2C_Saskatchewan) 1904 *[Herschel](/source/Herschel%2C_Saskatchewan), Fiske, Kindersley and Superb 1920s * Hanley and Dundurn districts }} Early Alberta settlements began in [La Crete](/source/La_Crete), [Alberta](/source/Alberta) and [Didsbury, Alberta](/source/Didsbury%2C_Alberta) 1901{{cite web|title=Gingerich, Melvin, C. Lorne Dick and Reynold Sawatzky. "Alberta (Canada)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online.|url=http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Alberta_(Canada)&oldid=116759|accessdate=2014-06-07}} Early British Columbia settlements began in [Yarrow, British Columbia](/source/Yarrow%2C_British_Columbia) and [Abbotsford, British Columbia](/source/Abbotsford%2C_British_Columbia) 1911{{cite web|title=Klassen, Cornelius F., John M. Klassen and Richard D. Thiessen. "British Columbia (Canada)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online.|url=http://gameo.org/index.php?title=British_Columbia_(Canada)&oldid=114357|accessdate=2014-06-07}} ==British== Meaning: people coming directly from the United Kingdom, not English-speaking people from Ontario, Atlantic Canada, or the United States. {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Lloydminster](/source/Lloydminster), Saskatchewan/Alberta ([temperance colony](/source/dry_town)) * [Walhachin, British Columbia](/source/Walhachin%2C_British_Columbia) * [Kelowna](/source/Kelowna), British Columbia }} === British Canadian === Meaning: settlers from [Eastern Canada](/source/Eastern_Canada), primarily Ontario, and mostly of British and Irish origins. {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Saskatoon](/source/Saskatoon) ([temperance colony](/source/dry_town)) }} == Dutch == {{further|Dutch Canadian}} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Neerlandia, Alberta](/source/Neerlandia%2C_Alberta) }} == Eastern European == {{Gallery |width=160 | height=170 |align=center |Image:Veregin Prayer House.jpg |alt1=The community Doukhobor meeting house in [Veregin](/source/Doukhobors_at_Veregin) |The community Doukhobor meeting house (Rusisan: ''dom'') in [Veregin](/source/Doukhobors_at_Veregin) is a [National Historic Site](/source/National_Historic_Sites_of_Canada){{cite web |title=National Doukhobor Heritage Village |url=https://www.ndhv.ca |location=Veregin, Saskatchewan |quote=Built by the [Christian Community of Universal Brotherhood](/source/Christian_Community_of_Universal_Brotherhood) (CCUB), in 1917 as a residence, administrative office and meeting hall for [Community Doukhobors](/source/Doukhobors) in Saskatchewan and British Columbia.}}. |File:kaposvarchurchkjfmartin.jpg |alt2=Kaposvar Church |Kaposvar Church (Hungarian) |File:Graves in Jewish cemetery at Lipton Colony, Saskatchewan.jpg |alt3=Graves in Jewish cemetery at Lipton Colony, Saskatchewan, 1916 |Graves in Jewish cemetery at Lipton Colony, Saskatchewan, 1916 |Image:Bender hamlet, Manitoba.jpg |alt4=Jewish farmhouses in Bender Hamlet, Manitoba, 1921. |Jewish farmhouses in Bender Hamlet, Manitoba, 1921. }} === Ashkenazi Jewish === {{see also|Jewish Colonization Association|History of the Jews in Canada}} Many of the Jewish immigrants to Canada came from settlements in Eastern Europe, including [Austria-Hungary](/source/Austria-Hungary) and the [Russian Empire](/source/Russian_Empire) (later the [Soviet Union](/source/Soviet_Union)). {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Hirsch, Saskatchewan](/source/Hirsch%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Qu'Appelle](/source/Qu'Appelle%2C_Saskatchewan) or [Lipton, Saskatchewan](/source/Lipton%2C_Saskatchewan) (1901) * [Cupar, Saskatchewan](/source/Cupar%2C_Saskatchewan) (1901) * [Bender Hamlet](/source/Bender_Hamlet) or [Narcisse, Manitoba](/source/Narcisse%2C_Manitoba) (1903) * [La Macaza, Quebec](/source/La_Macaza%2C_Quebec) (1904) * [Ste-Sophie, Quebec](/source/Ste-Sophie%2C_Quebec) (1904) * Sonnenfeld colony, near the hamlet of [Oungre, Saskatchewan](/source/Oungre%2C_Saskatchewan) (1905){{cite web|last1=Feldman|first1=Mottie|date=January 2002|title=Sonnenfeld Colony: A Piece of Saskatchewan History|url=http://web.ncf.ca/lavitt/jewishfarmcolonies/sonnenfeld/feldman2.html|accessdate=18 May 2016}}{{cite web|last1=Feldman|first1=Mottie|date=January 2002|title=Pioneer Stories from Sonnenfeld Colony|url=http://web.ncf.ca/lavitt/jewishfarmcolonies/sonnenfeld/feldman.html|accessdate=18 May 2016}}{{cite web|title=S.W.20-2-15-W.2nd, Sonnenfeld, Saskatchewan. [textual record] – 1975|url=http://cjhn-andi2.andornot.com/en//permalink/cjhn42416|publisher=Canadian Jewish Heritage Network|accessdate=18 May 2016}} * [Edenbridge, Saskatchewan](/source/Edenbridge%2C_Saskatchewan) (1906), also known as Yid'n Bridge (Jews' Bridge){{cite web|date=12 July 2013|title=Story of Saskatchewan's Jewish farmers goes to national museum|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/saskatchewan/story-of-saskatchewan-s-jewish-farmers-goes-to-national-museum-1.1302867|publisher=CBC News|accessdate=18 May 2016}} * [Trochu, Alberta](/source/Trochu%2C_Alberta) (1906) * [Rumsey, Alberta](/source/Rumsey%2C_Alberta) (1906) * [Pine Ridge, Manitoba](/source/Pine_Ridge%2C_Manitoba) (1907) * [Birds Hill, Manitoba](/source/Birds_Hill%2C_Manitoba) (1911) * [Camper, Manitoba](/source/Camper%2C_Manitoba) or [New Hirsch, Manitoba](/source/New_Hirsch%2C_Manitoba) (1911) * [Eyre, Saskatchewan](/source/Eyre%2C_Saskatchewan) (1910) * [Montefiore, Saskatchewan](/source/Montefiore%2C_Saskatchewan) (1911) * [Rosetown, Saskatchewan](/source/Rosetown%2C_Saskatchewan) (1911), near the town of the same name }} === Doukhobor === {{further|Doukhobor|Christian Community of Universal Brotherhood|Freedomites}} In '''Saskatchewan''' by 1900, about 7,411 Doukhobors immigrated and settled in four blocks in the [North-West Territories](/source/Districts_of_the_Northwest_Territories) (now in Saskatchewan) from 1899 to 1930. They initially established 61 communal villages on {{convert|773400|acre|km2 sqmi}}.{{cite web |title= Doukhobor Historical Maps, Saskatchewan |url= https://doukhobor.org/maps/#Saskatchewan |author= Jonathan Kalmakoff |website= Doukhobor Heritage }} ([https://doukhobor.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Reserves.gif Map]) {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *North Colony (1899-1918) contained {{convert|69000|acre|km2 sqmi}} in the [Pelly](/source/Pelly%2C_Saskatchewan)-[Arran](/source/Arran%2C_Saskatchewan) area settled by 2,400 settlers in 20 communal villages.([http://www.doukhobor.org/North.gif Map]) *South Colony (1899-1918) contained {{convert|215010|acre|km2 sqmi}} in the [Canora](/source/Canora%2C_Saskatchewan), [Veregin](/source/Veregin%2C_Saskatchewan) and [Kamsack](/source/Kamsack%2C_Saskatchewan) area settled by 3,500 settlers in 30 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/South.gif Map]) *Good Spirit Lake Annex (1899-1918) contained {{convert|168930|acre|km2 sqmi}} in the Good Spirit Lake and [Buchanan](/source/Buchanan%2C_Saskatchewan) area settled by 1,000 settlers in 8 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Annex.gif Map]) *Saskatchewan Colony (1899-1918) contained {{convert|324800|acre|km2 sqmi}} in the [Langham](/source/Langham%2C_Saskatchewan), [Blaine Lake](/source/Blaine_Lake%2C_Saskatchewan) area settled by 1,500 settlers in 15 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Sask.gif Map]) *Sheho and Insinger (1909-1926) contained {{convert|1280|acre|km2 sqmi}}. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/sheho-insinger.gif Map]) *[Kylemore, Saskatchewan](/source/Kylemore%2C_Saskatchewan) (1918-1938) north of Fishing Lake. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Kylemore.gif Map]) *Kelvington, Saskatchewan (1921-1938) was west of Kelvington. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/kelvington.gif Map]) }} '''British Columbia''' (1908-1938) ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Kootenays.gif Map]) {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Grand Forks](/source/Grand_Forks%2C_British_Columbia)-[Castlegar](/source/Castlegar%2C_British_Columbia)-[Slocan Valley](/source/Slocan_Valley) (1909-1938) was an area of {{convert|19000|acre|km2 sqmi}} settled by 8,000 Doukhobors from Saskatchewan in 74 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Grand%20Forks.gif Map]) * [Brilliant, British Columbia](/source/Brilliant%2C_British_Columbia) (1908-1938) on {{convert|2700|acre|km2 sqmi}}} included 6 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Brilliant.gif Map]) * [Ootischenia, British Columbia](/source/Ootischenia%2C_British_Columbia) (1908-1938) on {{convert|2700|acre|km2 sqmi}} included 22 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Ootischenia.gif Map]) * [Champion Creek, British Columbia](/source/Champion_Creek%2C_British_Columbia) (1912-1938) on {{convert|920|acre|km2 sqmi}} included 5 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Blagodatnoe.gif Map]) * Glade, British Columbia (1911-1938) on {{convert|1092|acre|km2}} included 11 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Glade.gif Map]) * Shoreacres, British Columbia (1912-1938) on {{convert|500|acre|km2 sqmi}} included 3 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Shoreacres.gif Map]) * [Pass Creek, British Columbia](/source/Pass_Creek%2C_British_Columbia) (1909-1938) on {{convert|1760|acre|km2}} included 6 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Pass%20Creek.gif Map]) * [Winlaw, British Columbia](/source/Winlaw%2C_British_Columbia) (1912-1938) on {{convert|837|acre|km2 sqmi}} included 4 communal villages. ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Winlaw.gif Map]) }} '''Alberta''' {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Cowley](/source/Cowley%2C_Alberta)-[Lundbreck, Alberta](/source/Lundbreck%2C_Alberta) (1915-1938) on {{convert|13500|acre|km2 sqmi}} included 13 communal villages.([http://www.doukhobor.org/Cowley-Lundbreck.gif Map]) * [Arrowwood](/source/Arrowwood%2C_Alberta)-[Shouldice](/source/Shouldice)-[Anastasia, Alberta](/source/Anastasia%2C_Alberta) (1926-1945) ([http://www.doukhobor.org/Arrowwood.gif Map]) }} === Finnish === {{see also|Finnish Canadian}} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Thunder Bay, Ontario](/source/Thunder_Bay%2C_Ontario) * [New Finland, Saskatchewan](/source/New_Finland%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Turtle Lake, Saskatchewan](/source/Turtle_Lake%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Sointula, British Columbia](/source/Sointula%2C_British_Columbia) * [Webster's Corners, British Columbia](/source/Webster's_Corners%2C_British_Columbia) }} === Hungarian === {{see also|Hungarian Canadians}} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Esterhazy, Saskatchewan](/source/Esterhazy%2C_Saskatchewan) (Kaposvar Colony 1886) * [Kipling, Saskatchewan](/source/Kipling%2C_Saskatchewan) }} === Old Believers === {{see also|Old Believers}} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Plamondon, Alberta](/source/Plamondon%2C_Alberta) }} === Romanian === {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Boian, Alberta](/source/Boian%2C_Alberta) * [Assiniboia, Saskatchewan](/source/Assiniboia%2C_Saskatchewan) }} ===Ukrainian=== {{see also|Ukrainian Canadian|List of Canadian place names of Ukrainian origin}} {{Gallery |width=160 | height=170 |align=center |File:Ukrainian village.jpg |alt1=[Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Village](/source/Ukrainian_Cultural_Heritage_Village) in [Lamont County](/source/Lamont_County), Alberta |[Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Village](/source/Ukrainian_Cultural_Heritage_Village) in [Lamont County](/source/Lamont_County), Alberta |File:St Georges.jpg |alt2=St. George's Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral |[St. George's Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral, Saskatoon](/source/Cathedral_of_St._George_(Saskatoon)) |File:St Volodymyr's (Toronto).JPG |alt3=St. Volodymyr's Ukrainian Orthodox Cathedral, Toronto |[St. Volodymyr's Ukrainian Orthodox Cathedral](/source/St._Volodymyr's_Ukrainian_Orthodox_Cathedral_(Toronto)), [Old Toronto](/source/Old_Toronto) |File:Ukrainian Sign Hafford Saskatchewan 2011.jpg |alt4=Street signs in Ukrainian |Ukrainian language street signs alongside English ones in [Hafford](/source/Hafford), [Saskatchewan](/source/Saskatchewan) }} Ukrainian settlements with approximate date of founding ([http://www.fwalive.ualberta.ca/vmctm_media/Ukrainian/UKR_Clips/UKR3_P4.gif Map]): * [Edna-Star, Alberta](/source/Edna-Star%2C_Alberta) (1892). Founded by the original [Ukrainian Canadian](/source/Ukrainian_Canadian) pioneers [Iwan Pylypow](/source/Iwan_Pylypow) and [Wasyl Eleniak](/source/Wasyl_Eleniak), this is the oldest and largest of the Ukrainian block settlements and was once considered the largest Ukrainian community in the world outside Eastern Europe. It is now the world's largest eco-museum, called [Kalyna Country](/source/Kalyna_Country), which includes [Sturgeon County](/source/Sturgeon_County), [Thorhild County](/source/Thorhild_County), the [County of St. Paul No. 19](/source/County_of_St._Paul_No._19), the [County of Vermilion River](/source/County_of_Vermilion_River), the [County of Two Hills No. 21](/source/County_of_Two_Hills_No._21), the [County of Minburn No. 27](/source/County_of_Minburn_No._27), [Beaver County](/source/Beaver_County%2C_Alberta), [Lamont County](/source/Lamont_County), and [Strathcona County](/source/Strathcona_County), and many of the neighbouring towns and cities.{{cite web|year=2007|title=A map of the Ukrainian bloc settlement of east central Alberta|url=http://www.fwalive.ualberta.ca/mvtmc/en/en/html/raw_media.php?uri=http://www.fwalive.ualberta.ca/vmctm_api/metadata/UKR2_P1.gif|publisher=University of Alberta|accessdate=2014-06-17}}{{cite web|date=2009|title=Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine (Alberta)|url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CA%5CL%5CAlberta.htm|accessdate=2014-07-26}} ([http://www.fwalive.ualberta.ca/vmctm_media/Ukrainian/UKR_Clips/UKR2_P1.gif Map]) *Manitoba settlements included [Stuartburn, Manitoba](/source/Stuartburn%2C_Manitoba) (August 1896), [Dauphin, Manitoba](/source/Dauphin%2C_Manitoba) (September 1896). [Interlake, Manitoba](/source/Interlake%2C_Manitoba) (June 1897), [Shoal Lake, Manitoba](/source/Shoal_Lake%2C_Manitoba) (April 1899) and [Whitemouth, Manitoba](/source/Whitemouth%2C_Manitoba).{{cite web|date=2010|title=Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine (Manitoba)|url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CM%5CA%5CManitoba.htm|accessdate=2014-07-26}} *Saskatchewan settlements were in the [Montmartre](/source/Montmartre%2C_Saskatchewan)-[Candiac](/source/Candiac%2C_Saskatchewan) area (1895–96), the [Yorkton](/source/Yorkton)–[Canora](/source/Canora%2C_Saskatchewan)–[Preeceville](/source/Preeceville) area in eastern Saskatchewan, the [Rosthern](/source/Rosthern)–[Yellow Creek](/source/Yellow_Creek%2C_Saskatchewan)–[Cudworth](/source/Cudworth%2C_Saskatchewan) area north of Saskatoon and the [Radisson](/source/Radisson%2C_Saskatchewan)–[Hafford](/source/Hafford)–Whitkow area east of [North Battleford](/source/North_Battleford).{{cite web|date=2008|title=Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine (Saskatchewan)|url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CS%5CA%5CSaskatchewan.htm|accessdate=2014-07-26}}{{Cite book |last= |title=Saskatchewan's Ukrainian Legacy |publisher=Saskatchewan Ukrainian Historical Society |year=2006}} ==French== These include French Canadians from Quebec, French Americans, and Francophones from France, Belgium, and Switzerland. {{see also|Franco-Manitoban|Fransaskois|Franco-Albertan|Franco-Columbian}} [[File:La Cathédrale, Gravelbourg, SK.jpg|thumb|right|[Cathedral in Gravelbourg](/source/Our_Lady_of_Assumption_Co-Cathedral)]] ;Alberta {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * The [Bonnyville](/source/Bonnyville%2C_Alberta) and [St. Paul](/source/St._Paul%2C_Alberta) area (Bonnyville, Cold Lake, Fort Kent, La Corey, Lafond, Mallaig, Saint Lina, Saint Vincent, Therien) * [Lac La Biche](/source/Lac_La_Biche%2C_Alberta) and [Plamondon, Alberta](/source/Plamondon%2C_Alberta) * [Sturgeon County](/source/Sturgeon_County) and [Lac Ste. Anne County](/source/Lac_Ste._Anne_County), Alberta. Specifically the communities of [St. Albert](/source/St._Albert%2C_Alberta), [Morinville](/source/Morinville), [Legal](/source/Legal%2C_Alberta), [Rivière Qui Barre](/source/Rivi%C3%A8re_Qui_Barre%2C_Alberta), [Villeneuve](/source/Villeneuve%2C_Alberta), [Pickardville](/source/Pickardville%2C_Alberta), and around the shores of [Lac Ste. Anne](/source/Lac_Ste._Anne_(Alberta)) and [Lac La Nonne](/source/Lac_La_Nonne). * Smokey River bloc settlement (Donnelly, [Falher, Alberta](/source/Falher%2C_Alberta), Girouxville, Guy, Jean Côté, Mac Lennan, Marie-Reine, Saint Isidore, Tangent). }} ;British Columbia {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *[Maillardville, British Columbia](/source/Maillardville%2C_British_Columbia) *[Terrace, British Columbia](/source/Terrace%2C_British_Columbia) }} ;Manitoba {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * Rat River settlement (Saint Labre, Saint Pierre Jolys, Saint-Malo) *[Red River settlement](/source/Red_River_Colony) (Saint Boniface, Saint Vital, Saint Norbert, Saint Germain, Cartier, La Salle, Saint Adolphe, Glenlea, Sainte Agathe, Tourond, Aubigny, Dufrost, Saint Jean Baptiste, Sainte Elizabeth, Saint Joseph, Letellier) *[Seine River settlement](/source/Seine_River_(Manitoba)) (Dufresne, Giroux, Ile des Chênes, La Broquerie, Lorette, Marchand, Richer, Saint Raymond, Sainte Anne des Chênes, Sainte Genevieve) * Whitehorse plain settlement (Elie, Fannystelle, Saint Eustache, Saint François Xavier, Saint Laurent, Saint Ambroise) }} ;Saskatchewan {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *Cantal-Bellegarde settlement ([Alida](/source/Alida%2C_Saskatchewan), [Antler](/source/Antler%2C_Saskatchewan), [Bellegarde](/source/Bellegarde%2C_Saskatchewan), [Cantal](/source/Cantal%2C_Saskatchewan), [Redvers](/source/Redvers%2C_Saskatchewan), [Storthoaks](/source/Storthoaks%2C_Saskatchewan), [Wauchope](/source/Wauchope%2C_Saskatchewan)) *Delmas bloc settlement (Cochin, Delmas, Edam, Jackfish Lake, Vawn) *Duck Lake settlement (Domremy, Duck Lake, Saint Isidore de Bellevue, Saint Louis) *Gravelbourg bloc settlement{{cite web | title =Francophone land settlement in southwestern Saskatchewan by Beckey Hamilton | url =http://pcag.uwinnipeg.ca/Prairie-Perspectives/PP-Vol05/Hamilton.pdf | date = | accessdate =2014-03-23 | archive-date =2014-03-24 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20140324020542/http://pcag.uwinnipeg.ca/Prairie-Perspectives/PP-Vol05/Hamilton.pdf | url-status =dead }} ([Gravelbourg](/source/Gravelbourg), [Lafleche](/source/Lafleche%2C_Saskatchewan), [Mazenod](/source/Mazenod%2C_Saskatchewan), [Meyronne](/source/Meyronne%2C_Saskatchewan)). *Leoville-Debden bloc (Bapaume, Big River, Debden, Laventure, Leoville, Spiritwood, Victoire) *Ponteix settlement (Cadillac, Lac Pelletier, Pambrun, Ponteix, Vanguard) *Prud'homme Vonda settlement (Prud'homme, Saint Denis, Vonda) *Willow Bunch bloc settlement (Assiniboia, Fife Lake, Lisieux, Little Woody, Maxstone, Rockglen, Saint Victor, Verwood, Willow Bunch) *Wood mountain bloc (Ferland, Glentworth, Fir mountain, Wood mountain) * [St. Hubert Mission](/source/St._Hubert_Mission) }} ==German== {{see also|Canadians of German ethnicity}} German settlement began in the prairie provinces in the 1890s and continued until the 1920s during the homesteading period. Some also came to the region after the end of [World War II](/source/World_War_II). Canadians of German ethnicity remain numerous in the prairie provinces. Most of these settlers were Catholics and Lutherans, with minorities of Mennonites and Baptists. {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Regina, Saskatchewan](/source/Regina%2C_Saskatchewan) and area * [Medicine Hat](/source/Medicine_Hat), [Alberta](/source/Alberta) - [Dunmore, Alberta](/source/Dunmore%2C_Alberta) * [Bruderheim](/source/Bruderheim), [Alberta](/source/Alberta) - [Josephburg, Alberta](/source/Josephburg%2C_Alberta) * [Hilda, Alberta](/source/Hilda%2C_Alberta) - [Schuler, Alberta](/source/Schuler%2C_Alberta) * [Hussar, Alberta](/source/Hussar%2C_Alberta) * [New Sarepta, Alberta](/source/New_Sarepta%2C_Alberta) * [Rolly View, Alberta](/source/Rolly_View%2C_Alberta) * [Langenburg, Saskatchewan](/source/Langenburg%2C_Saskatchewan) and Hohenlohe{{cite web | title =German Saskatchewan Genealogy Roots | url =http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cansk/Saskatchewan/ethnic/german-saskatchewan.html | accessdate =2014-05-28}} * [Pierceland, Saskatchewan](/source/Pierceland%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Paradise Hill, Saskatchewan](/source/Paradise_Hill%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Leader, Saskatchewan](/source/Leader%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Burstall, Saskatchewan](/source/Burstall%2C_Saskatchewan) - [Richmound, Saskatchewan](/source/Richmound%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Eatonia, Saskatchewan](/source/Eatonia%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Strasbourg, Saskatchewan](/source/Strasbourg%2C_Saskatchewan) (New Elsass German Colony) * [Macklin, Saskatchewan](/source/Macklin%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Lemberg, Saskatchewan](/source/Lemberg%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Neudorf, Saskatchewan](/source/Neudorf%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Heinsburg, Alberta](/source/Heinsburg%2C_Alberta) - [Lindbergh, Alberta](/source/Lindbergh%2C_Alberta) * [St. Walburg, Saskatchewan](/source/St._Walburg%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Goodsoil, Saskatchewan](/source/Goodsoil%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Loon Lake, Saskatchewan](/source/Loon_Lake%2C_Saskatchewan) }} ===German colonies=== St. Joseph's Colony (Katharinental) was established from 1886 to 1904 in southern Saskatchewan.{{cite web | title =St. Joseph's Colony, Katharinental Colony, Kronau-Rastadt, and Odessa (1886-1904) | url =http://library.ndsu.edu/grhc/history_culture/history/stjoseph.html | accessdate =2014-05-28}}{{cite web | title =Historical Sketch of St. Peter's Parish and the Founding of the Colonies of Rastadt, Kathrinenthal and Speier | url =http://library.ndsu.edu/grhc/order/general/speier.html | accessdate =2014-05-28 | archive-date =2012-09-08 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20120908050129/http://library.ndsu.edu/grhc/order/general/speier.html | url-status =dead }} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *[Davin](/source/Davin%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Rastadt](/source/Rastadt%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Kronau](/source/Kronau%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Vibank](/source/Vibank%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Odessa](/source/Odessa%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Kendall](/source/Kendall%2C_Saskatchewan) }} [St. Joseph's Colony (Josephstal)](/source/St._Joseph's_Colony%2C_Saskatchewan) was established in 1905 in west-central Saskatchewan.{{cite web | title =St. Joseph's Colony - Index Page | url =http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~skstjose/stjosephs/mainsection/miscellanous/lland.html | accessdate =2014-05-28}}{{cite web | title =St. Joseph's Colony: 1905 - 1930 | url =http://library.ndsu.edu/grhc/order/general/sjc.html | accessdate =2014-05-28}}{{cite web | title =Towns & Villages Of St. Joseph's | url =http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~skstjose/stjosephs/mainsection/town/townvillage.html | accessdate =2014-05-28}} Villages in this Saskatchewan colony included {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *[Adanac](/source/Adanac%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Biggar](/source/Biggar%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Broadacres](/source/Broadacres%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Cactus Lake](/source/Cactus_Lake%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Carmelheim](/source/Carmelheim%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Cavell](/source/Cavell%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Cosine](/source/Cosine%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Denzil](/source/Denzil%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Donegal](/source/Donegal%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Evesham](/source/Evesham%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Grosswerder](/source/Grosswerder%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Handel](/source/Handel%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Kelfield](/source/Kelfield%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Kerrobert](/source/Kerrobert%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Landis](/source/Landis%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Leipzig](/source/Leipzig%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Luseland](/source/Luseland%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Macklin](/source/Macklin%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Major](/source/Major%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Onward](/source/Onward%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Pascal](/source/Pascal%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Phippen](/source/Phippen%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Primate](/source/Primate%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Revenue](/source/Revenue%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Reward](/source/Reward%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Salvador](/source/Salvador%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Scott](/source/Scott%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Tramping Lake](/source/Tramping_Lake%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Unity](/source/Unity%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Wilkie](/source/Wilkie%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Wolfe](/source/Wolfe%2C_Saskatchewan) }} [[Image:Berthold Imhoff remembered 2 (481919999).jpg|thumb|The interior of [St. Peter's Cathedral](/source/St._Peter's_Abbey%2C_Saskatchewan) in [Muenster, Saskatchewan](/source/Muenster%2C_Saskatchewan) was decorated by [Berthold Imhoff](/source/Berthold_Imhoff)]] [St. Peter's Colony](/source/St._Peter's_Abbey%2C_Saskatchewan) in Saskatchewan.{{cite web|title=St. Peter's Colony Map|url=http://www.ourroots.ca/e/page.aspx?id=1072358|url-status=dead|accessdate=2014-05-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529085939/http://www.ourroots.ca/e/page.aspx?id=1072358|archivedate=2014-05-29}} founded in 1903 in Saskatchewan was 4,662 square kilometres (1,800 square miles) in size.{{cite web|date=|title=Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan (GERMAN SETTLEMENTS)|url=http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/german_settlements.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170505210802/http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/german_settlements.html|archive-date=2017-05-05|accessdate=2012-12-28}} It included 50 [townships](/source/Township_(Canada)); townships 35 to 40, ranges 18 to 22, and townships 37 to 41, ranges 23 to 26 of the [Dominion Land Survey](/source/Dominion_Land_Survey) west of the 2nd [Meridian](/source/Meridian_(geography)).{{cite journal|author=Jerome Weber O.S.B.|year=1949|title=St. Peter's Abbey 1903-1921|url=http://www.cchahistory.ca/journal/CCHA1949/Weber.pdf|journal=CCHA Report|publisher=Canadian Catholic Historical Association|volume=16|pages=37–49|accessdate=2015-01-26}} 8,000 settlers had arrived in the colony by 1910{{cite web|title=Colony Beginnings(p.6)|url=http://www.ourroots.ca/e/page.aspx?id=1072358|url-status=dead|accessdate=2013-01-06|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529085939/http://www.ourroots.ca/e/page.aspx?id=1072358|archivedate=2014-05-29}} and by 1930 it was home to 18,000 Roman Catholics. Most were German Catholics.{{cite web|date=|title=The German Catholics of St. Peter's Colony: 1903-1930 By Paul Paproski, OSB|url=http://ecommons.usask.ca/bitstream/handle/10388/ETD-2011-08-25/PAPROSKI-THESIS.pdf?sequence=3|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529085742/http://ecommons.usask.ca/bitstream/handle/10388/ETD-2011-08-25/PAPROSKI-THESIS.pdf?sequence=3|archive-date=2014-05-29|accessdate=2012-12-12}} Between 1903 and 1925 parishes were established at {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| *[Leofeld](/source/Leofeld%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Muenster](/source/Muenster%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Fulda](/source/Fulda%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Marysburg](/source/Marysburg%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Annaheim](/source/Annaheim%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Englefeld](/source/Englefeld%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Watson](/source/Watson%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Lake Lenore](/source/Lake_Lenore%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Bruno](/source/Bruno%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Humboldt](/source/Humboldt%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Burr](/source/Burr%2C_Saskatchewan) *[St. Gregor](/source/St._Gregor%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Pilger](/source/Pilger%2C_Saskatchewan) *[St. Benedict](/source/St._Benedict%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Dana](/source/Dana%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Carmel](/source/Carmel%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Cudworth](/source/Cudworth%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Middle Lake](/source/Middle_Lake%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Peterson](/source/Peterson%2C_Saskatchewan) *[Naicam](/source/Naicam%2C_Saskatchewan) }} == Indigenous == === Métis === Some French settlements were founded by Francophone Métis from the [Red River settlement](/source/Red_River_settlement) in [Manitoba](/source/Manitoba). Many began as Métis [hivernants](/source/hivernants) buffalo hunting camps from the 1840s to the 1870s.{{cite web |date= |title=Atlas of Saskatchewan (French and Francophone Métis Settlements) |url=http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cansk/maps/french.html |accessdate=2014-04-06}}{{cite book |author=John Welsted |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IQKLCbdJ0GQC&pg=PA89 |title=The Geography of Manitoba: Its Land and Its People |date=1 January 1996 |publisher=Univ. of Manitoba Press |isbn=978-0-88755-375-2 |page=89}} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Lebret, Saskatchewan](/source/Lebret%2C_Saskatchewan) (St-Florent mission) 1866 and Val Qu'Appelle 1860s * [Touchwood Hills](/source/Touchwood_Hills) 1860s * [St-Laurent-Grandin Métis settlements](/source/Southbranch_Settlement) 1868-1876 * [Wood Mountain, Saskatchewan](/source/Wood_Mountain%2C_Saskatchewan) 1870s and [Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan](/source/Willow_Bunch%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Lac Pelletier, Saskatchewan](/source/Lac_Pelletier%2C_Saskatchewan)/ Vallée Ste-Claire 1870s * [Cypress Hills, Saskatchewan](/source/Cypress_Hills%2C_Saskatchewan) 1870s * la-Prairie-Ronde near [Dundurn, Saskatchewan](/source/Dundurn%2C_Saskatchewan) 1850s * [Frenchman Butte, Saskatchewan](/source/Frenchman_Butte%2C_Saskatchewan) 1880s * [Cochin, Saskatchewan](/source/Cochin%2C_Saskatchewan) 1880s * [Delmas, Saskatchewan](/source/Delmas%2C_Saskatchewan) 1880s * [St-Lazare](/source/St-Lazare) 1880s * [Val Marie, Saskatchewan](/source/Val_Marie%2C_Saskatchewan) }} ==Scandinavian== {{Gallery |width=160 | height=170 |align=center |File:Gimli harbour masters.jpg |alt1=Gimli, Mantioba harbour masters building |[Gimli, Manitoba](/source/Gimli%2C_Manitoba), pop. 5,797 is home to the largest concentration of [Icelanders](/source/Icelanders) outside of [Iceland](/source/Iceland). |Image:New Norway circa 1915.jpg |alt2=[New Norway, Alberta](/source/New_Norway%2C_Alberta) circa 1915 |[New Norway, Alberta](/source/New_Norway%2C_Alberta) circa 1915 |File:DElfrosIcelandicSettlers.JPG |alt3=Icelandic settler statue in Elfros, Saskatchewan |Icelandic settler statue in Elfros, Saskatchewan }} ===Danish=== {{see also|Canadians of Danish descent}} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [New Denmark, New Brunswick](/source/New_Denmark%2C_New_Brunswick) * [Danevirke Redvers, Saskatchewan](/source/Danevirke_Redvers%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Cape Scott, British Columbia](/source/Cape_Scott%2C_British_Columbia) }} === Icelandic === {{see also|Icelandic Canadian}} * Vatnabyggd was an Icelandic settlement of about 2,000 square kilometres in Saskatchewan south of [Fishing Lake](/source/Fishing_Lake) and the [Quill Lakes](/source/Quill_Lakes). By 1911 it had attracted over 1,600 Icelanders.{{cite web|title=Vatnabyggd: An Icelandic Settlement in Saskatchewan|url=http://www.museevirtuel-virtualmuseum.ca/sgc-cms/histoires_de_chez_nous-community_memories/pm_v2.php?id=exhibit_home&fl=0&lg=English&ex=00000617|accessdate=2014-05-28}}{{cite web|title=Major Icelandic Settlements in America|url=http://www.halfdan.is/vestur/settlers.htm|url-status=dead|accessdate=2014-05-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140115052248/http://www.halfdan.is/vestur/settlers.htm|archivedate=2014-01-15}} Vatnabyggd included the settlements of Kristnes, Saskatchewan (1903), [Dafoe](/source/Dafoe%2C_Saskatchewan) (1905), [Kandahar](/source/Kandahar%2C_Saskatchewan) (1905), [Wynyard](/source/Wynyard%2C_Saskatchewan) (1904), [Mozart](/source/Mozart%2C_Saskatchewan) (1903), [Elfros](/source/Elfros%2C_Saskatchewan) (1903), [Leslie](/source/Leslie%2C_Saskatchewan) (1907), Holar, Saskatchewan (1905), Mount Hecla, Saskatchewan (1904) and [Foam Lake](/source/Foam_Lake%2C_Saskatchewan) (1892). ([http://www.museevirtuel-virtualmuseum.ca/sgc-cms/histoires_de_chez_nous-community_memories/pm_v2.php?id=display_original&lg=English&fl=0&rd=146162&ex=00000617 Map]) *Near [Churchbridge, Saskatchewan](/source/Churchbridge%2C_Saskatchewan) were the settlements of Thingvalla-Logberg and Vallar *[New Iceland](/source/New_Iceland) (Nýja Ísland) (1875-1897) was located on the southwest shore of Lake Winnipeg in Manitoba. The [Rural Municipality of Gimli](/source/Rural_Municipality_of_Gimli) and the [Rural Municipality of Bifrost](/source/Rural_Municipality_of_Bifrost) are within the old settlement area. New Iceland contained the settlements of [Gimli](/source/Gimli%2C_Manitoba), [Riverton](/source/Riverton%2C_Manitoba), [Hnausa](/source/Hnausa%2C_Manitoba) and [Arborg](/source/Arborg%2C_Manitoba). ([http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/mb_history/40/newiceland2.jpg Map]) *Other Icelandic settlements in Manitoba included [Baldur](/source/Baldur%2C_Manitoba), [Erickson](/source/Erickson%2C_Manitoba), Geysir, Manitoba, [Glenboro](/source/Glenboro%2C_Manitoba), Lakeview, Manitoba, [Lundar](/source/Lundar%2C_Manitoba), [Morden](/source/Morden%2C_Manitoba) and [Reykjavik](/source/Reykjavik%2C_Manitoba) * [Markerville, Alberta](/source/Markerville%2C_Alberta) ===Norwegian=== {{see also|Norwegian Canadian}} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Skaro, Alberta](/source/Skaro%2C_Alberta) * [Birch Hills, Saskatchewan](/source/Birch_Hills%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Torquay, Saskatchewan](/source/Torquay%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Ibsen, Saskatchewan](/source/Ibsen%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Lake Alma, Saskatchewan](/source/Lake_Alma%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Norge, Saskatchewan](/source/Norge%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Lillestrom, Saskatchewan](/source/Lillestrom%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Rose Valley, Saskatchewan](/source/Rose_Valley%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Simmie, Saskatchewan](/source/Simmie%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Leroy, Saskatchewan](/source/Leroy%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Norwegian Cove, Saskatchewan](/source/Norwegian_Cove%2C_Saskatchewan) * [New Norway, Alberta](/source/New_Norway%2C_Alberta) * [Forestburg, Alberta](/source/Forestburg%2C_Alberta) * [Camrose, Alberta](/source/Camrose%2C_Alberta) * [Oyen](/source/Oyen), [Alberta](/source/Alberta) * [Viking](/source/Viking), [Alberta](/source/Alberta) * [Hagensborg, British Columbia](/source/Hagensborg%2C_British_Columbia) * [Pemberton, British Columbia](/source/Pemberton%2C_British_Columbia) (originally Agerton) }} === Swedish === {{see also|Swedish Canadian}} {{Columns-list|colwidth=20em| * [Hilltop, Manitoba](/source/Hilltop%2C_Manitoba) and [Scandinavia, Manitoba](/source/Scandinavia%2C_Manitoba) in the [Rural Municipality of Clanwilliam](/source/Rural_Municipality_of_Clanwilliam) 1885 * [New Stockholm, Saskatchewan](/source/Stockholm%2C_Saskatchewan) 1886[http://heritageapp.cyr.gov.sk.ca/assets/pdf/219.pdf New Stockholm Lutheran Church] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323105617/http://heritageapp.cyr.gov.sk.ca/assets/pdf/219.pdf|date=2014-03-23}} * [Percival, Saskatchewan](/source/Percival%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Wadena, Saskatchewan](/source/Wadena%2C_Saskatchewan) * [Camrose, Alberta](/source/Camrose%2C_Alberta) * [Waterville, Quebec](/source/Waterville%2C_Quebec) }} ==See also== * [List of named ethnic enclaves in North American cities](/source/List_of_named_ethnic_enclaves_in_North_American_cities) * [Colonia (United States)](/source/Colonia_(United_States)) * [Indian reserve](/source/Indian_reserve) == References == {{reflist|30em}} ==Further reading== * Alan Anderson, "Ethnic Bloc Settlements," [https://web.archive.org/web/20111127024533/http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/ethnic_bloc_settlements.html ''Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan'' (2006) online] * Paul Robert Magocsi, ed. ''Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples'' (1999) ==External links== * [http://www.rootsweb.com/~cansk/maps/ethnic-bloc.html The Atlas of Saskatchewan] provides a map of the entire province showing all major ethnic bloc settlements. * [http://www.abheritage.ca/albertans/continuity/ww1_blocksettlement.html Government of Alberta's Heritage Department's] page about the history of the Ukrainian settlements in East-Central Alberta * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080708153936/http://culture.alberta.ca/museums/historicsiteslisting/ukrainianvillage/default.aspx Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Village] is a living history village 50 km east of Edmonton, Alberta which focuses on the experiences of Ukrainian immigrants and the block settlements. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20140715170243/http://www.multiculturalcanada.ca/Encyclopedia/A-Z Multicultural Canada (Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples)] {{DEFAULTSORT:Block Settlement}} * Category:Immigration to Western Canada * * Category:Settlement schemes in Canada Category:Linguistic geography of Canada Category:Geography of Western Canada --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Block settlement](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_settlement) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_settlement?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.