# Biocytin

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Biocytin
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Biocytin.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocytin
> Source revision: 1175809832
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields  = changed
| verifiedrevid  = 477372713
| Name           = 
| ImageFile      = Biocytin.svg
| ImageSize      = 200px
| IUPACName      = ''N''<sup>6</sup>-{5-[(3a''S'',4''S'',6a''R'')-2-Oxohexahydro-1''H''-thieno[3,4-''d'']imidazol-4-yl]pentanoyl}-<small>L</small>-lysine
| SystematicName = (2''S'')-2-Amino-6-<nowiki/>{5-[(3a''S'',4''S'',6a''R'')-2-oxohexahydro-1''H''-thieno[3,4-''d'']imidazol-4-yl]pentanamido}hexanoic acid
| OtherNames     = Biotinyl-<small>L</small>-lysine; N<sub>ε</sub>-(+)-Biotinyl-<small>L</small>-lysine
| Section1       = {{Chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations = Bct
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo=576-19-2
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = G6D6147J22
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 27870
| PubChem = 7098660
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 75634
| SMILES = O=C1N[C@@H]2[C@@H](SC[C@@H]2N1)CCCCC(=O)NCCCC[C@@H](C(=O)O)N
| InChI = 1/C16H28N4O4S/c17-10(15(22)23)5-3-4-8-18-13(21)7-2-1-6-12-14-11(9-25-12)19-16(24)20-14/h10-12,14H,1-9,17H2,(H,18,21)(H,22,23)(H2,19,20,24)/t10-,11-,12-,14-/m0/s1
| InChIKey = BAQMYDQNMFBZNA-MNXVOIDGBH
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C16H28N4O4S/c17-10(15(22)23)5-3-4-8-18-13(21)7-2-1-6-12-14-11(9-25-12)19-16(24)20-14/h10-12,14H,1-9,17H2,(H,18,21)(H,22,23)(H2,19,20,24)/t10-,11-,12-,14-/m0/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = BAQMYDQNMFBZNA-MNXVOIDGSA-N
  }}
| Section2       = {{Chembox Properties
| C=16 | H=28 | N=4 | O=4 | S=1 
| Appearance=
| Density=
| MeltingPt=~245 °C
| BoilingPt=
| Solubility=
  }}
| Section3       = {{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards=
| FlashPt=
| AutoignitionPt =
  }}
| Section4       = 
| Section5       = 
| Section6       = 
}}

'''Biocytin''' is a [chemical](/source/Chemical_substance) compound that is an [amide](/source/amide) formed from the [vitamin](/source/vitamin) [biotin](/source/biotin) and the [amino acid](/source/amino_acid) [<small>L</small>-lysine](/source/lysine).  As an intermediate in the [metabolism](/source/metabolism) of biotin, biocytin occurs naturally in [blood serum](/source/blood_serum) and [urine](/source/urine).

The [enzyme](/source/enzyme) [biotinidase](/source/biotinidase) cleaves biocytin and makes biotin available to be reused by other enzymes.  Because biocytin is the natural [substrate](/source/Substrate_(chemistry)) of the enzyme biotinidase, biocytin can be used to measure the biotinidase activity and therefore diagnose [biotinidase deficiency](/source/biotinidase_deficiency).

Biocytin is also used in scientific research as a [histological stain](/source/histology) for nerve cells.<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1021/cn900010d | title=Improved Neuronal Tract Tracing with Stable Biocytin-Derived Neuroimaging Agents | year=2010 | last1=Mishra | first1=Anurag | last2=Dhingra | first2=Kirti | last3=Schüz | first3=Almut | last4=Logothetis | first4=Nikos K. | author4-link = Nikos Logothetis | last5=Canals | first5=Santiago | journal=ACS Chemical Neuroscience | volume=1 | pages=129–38 | issue=2| pmc=3368650 | pmid=22778821}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

Category:Carboxamides
Category:Alpha-Amino acids
Category:Amino acid derivatives
Category:Histology

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Biocytin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocytin) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocytin?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.