# Bima

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City in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

For other uses, see [Bima (disambiguation)](/source/Bima_(disambiguation)).

City in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Bima Mbojo (Bima) City City of Bima Kota Bima Bima city view Coat of arms Motto: Maja Labo Dahu (Bima) (Be Humble and Piety) Location within West Nusa Tenggara Bima Location in Lesser Sunda Islands and Indonesia Show map of Lesser Sunda Islands Bima Bima (Indonesia) Show map of Indonesia Coordinates: 08°27′36″S 118°43′36″E / 8.46000°S 118.72667°E / -8.46000; 118.72667 Country Indonesia Province West Nusa Tenggara Established April 10, 2002 Government • Mayor A. Rahman H. Abidin [id] • Vice Mayor Feri Sofiyan [id] Area • Total 222.25 km2 (85.81 sq mi) Population (mid 2024 estimate) • Total 165,113 • Density 742.92/km2 (1,924.1/sq mi) [1] Time zone UTC+8 (Indonesia Central Time) Area code (+62) 374 Vehicle registration EA Website bimakota.go.id

**Bima city** (pronounced [\[ˈbima\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Malay); [Bima](/source/Bima_language): *Mbojo*) is a coastal [city](/source/City_status_in_Indonesia) on the east of the island of [Sumbawa](/source/Sumbawa) in [Indonesia](/source/Indonesia)'s province of [West Nusa Tenggara](/source/West_Nusa_Tenggara). It is the largest city on the island of [Sumbawa](/source/Sumbawa), with a population of 142,443 at the 2010 census[2] and 155,140 at the 2020 census;[3] the official estimate as at mid-2024 was 165,113 (comprising 82,338 males and 82,775 females).[1] It is separate from (but surrounded on the landward side by) the adjoining [Bima Regency](/source/Bima_Regency) which had a population of 535,530 according to the mid-2023 official estimates.

The people of Bima and the entire eastern side of Sumbawa speak the [Bima language](/source/Bima_language) ([Indonesia](/source/Indonesian_language): *Bahasa Bima* ; [Bima](/source/Bima_language): *Nggahi Mbojo*). From 1620 to 1958 it was the capital of the [Bima Sultanate](/source/Bima_Sultanate). In modern times, Bima city is the largest regional and economic hub of Eastern Sumbawa with transmigrants from other parts of Indonesia, especially [Java](/source/Java), [Bali](/source/Bali), and [Lombok](/source/Lombok). It has a central downtown commercial zone. It is home to the Sultan Salahuddin mosque and the Sultan Salahuddin Museum (former [Bima Sultanate](/source/Bima_Sultanate) palace). It is connected by a provincial road to [Dompu](/source/Dompu) and [Sape](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sape,_Bima&action=edit&redlink=1).

## Administrative districts

Bima City consists of five [districts](/source/Districts_of_Indonesia) (*kecamatan*), tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 census[2] and the 2020 census,[3] together with the official estimates as of mid-2024.[1] The table also includes the locations of the District administrative centres and the number of [administrative villages](/source/Administrative_village) (all rated as urban *kelurahan*) in each district, and its post codes.

Kode Wilayah Name of District (kecamatan) Area in km2 Pop'n 2010 census Pop'n 2020 census Pop'n mid 2024 estimate Admin centre No. of villages Post code 52.72.01 Rasanae Barat (West Rasanae) 10.14 31,126 30,435 31,000 Paruja 6 84111, 84116 - 84119 52.72.05 Mpunda 15.28 32,498 33,310 34,800 Lewirato 10 84111, 84112, 84115, 84119 52.72.02 Rasanae Timur (East Rasanae) 64.07 16,205 18,576 20,330 Kumbe 8 84114, 84119 52.72.04 Raba 63.73 34,845 38,553 41,100 Penaraga 11 84113, 84115, 84119 52.72.03 Asakota 69.03 27,905 34,266 37,880 Melayu 6 84119 Totals 222.25 142,579 155,140 165,113 Raba 41

## Geography

The city is located on the eastern shore of Bima Bay. Traditionally Bima was a port city that connected to other port cities in Eastern Indonesia such as [Makassar](/source/Makassar) and [Ternate](/source/Ternate), as well as to ports in [Lombok](/source/Lombok), [Bali](/source/Bali), and East Java.

## Climate

Bima has a [tropical savanna climate](/source/Tropical_savanna_climate) ([Köppen](/source/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification) *Aw*) with moderate to little rainfall from April to November and heavy rainfall from December to March.

Climate data for Bima (1991–2020 normals) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 32.7 (90.9) 32.5 (90.5) 32.7 (90.9) 32.7 (90.9) 31.7 (89.1) 31.4 (88.5) 32.3 (90.1) 33.7 (92.7) 35.1 (95.2) 35.1 (95.2) 35.1 (95.2) 33.4 (92.1) 33.2 (91.8) Daily mean °C (°F) 27.6 (81.7) 27.3 (81.1) 27.4 (81.3) 27.5 (81.5) 27.3 (81.1) 26.5 (79.7) 25.8 (78.4) 26.0 (78.8) 27.3 (81.1) 28.6 (83.5) 28.9 (84.0) 27.8 (82.0) 27.3 (81.2) Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 24.6 (76.3) 24.4 (75.9) 24.3 (75.7) 24.1 (75.4) 23.7 (74.7) 22.5 (72.5) 22.0 (71.6) 21.5 (70.7) 22.6 (72.7) 24.1 (75.4) 24.8 (76.6) 24.9 (76.8) 23.6 (74.5) Average precipitation mm (inches) 214.1 (8.43) 159.7 (6.29) 132.0 (5.20) 117.2 (4.61) 73.7 (2.90) 35.1 (1.38) 19.7 (0.78) 6.7 (0.26) 13.2 (0.52) 69.4 (2.73) 97.7 (3.85) 225.0 (8.86) 1,163.5 (45.81) Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 18.0 16.0 14.1 10.1 5.9 2.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 3.8 9.6 17.8 102.5 Source: Starlings Roost Weather[4]

## Demography

Based on data for 2000, Bima had a population of 116,295 – comprising 57,108 males (49%) and 59,187 females (51%). There is uneven population distribution, with the densest population concentrated in the centers of economic activity and governance. The largest population was in the village of Paruga, which amounted to 12,275 people (11%) and the least was in the village of Kendo, with 1130 souls (1%). At the population census of 2010, the population in Bima numbered 142,443 – 69,841 men and 72,602 women, and at the population census of 2020, the population in Bima numbered 155,140 – 77,009 men and 78,131 women.

The majority of the populace in Bima are [Muslims](/source/Muslim), who form about 97.38%, and the rest are [Protestant](/source/Protestant) 0.89%, [Catholic Christians](/source/Catholic_Christian) 0.62%, and [Hindus](/source/Hindu) and [Buddhists](/source/Buddhist) around 1.11%.

## Transportation

Bima is connected through the trans-Sumbawa road to [Sape](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sape,_Bima&action=edit&redlink=1) Harbour in the east and [Dompu](/source/Dompu) in the Southwest to [Sumbawa Besar](/source/Sumbawa_Besar) and [Taliwang](/source/Taliwang) in the western part of Sumbawa. Bus services connecting Bima to other neighboring cities in Sumbawa as far as [Mataram](/source/Mataram_(city)) in [Lombok](/source/Lombok) are available. Air transportation is served through [Sultan Muhammad Salahudin Airport](/source/Sultan_Muhammad_Salahudin_Airport) on the southern outskirt of Bima by [NAM Air](/source/NAM_Air) and [Wings Air](/source/Wings_Air) to [Lombok](/source/Lombok), [Denpasar](/source/Denpasar), and [Makassar](/source/Makassar). Bima was also a stop on Qantas Airways' pre-war route between Sydney and Singapore, serviced by [C Class Empire](/source/Short_Empire) flying boats.

## History

In the [Middle Ages](/source/Middle_Ages), Bima was the easternmost extent of the expansion of [Hinduism in Southeast Asia](/source/Hinduism_in_Southeast_Asia), as a result of heavy [Indian influence on the region](/source/Greater_India) during the period.

Bima was once one of the four [sultanates](/source/Sultanate) on the island of Sumbawa. From the 17th to 20th centuries, it was the capital of the [Bima Sultanate](/source/Bima_Sultanate) and is home to an old palace of the city's rulers. In the early 17th century, the Islamization of Bima had fallen off the old Hindu kingdom on the east coast of the island of Sumbawa.

In 1792, Sultan Abdu'l Hamid Muhammad Shah signed a contract with the [Dutch East India Company](/source/Dutch_East_India_Company), through which Bima became the Protectorate of the Dutch.

## Tourism

Dance can be seen in Sultan Palace as part of the attractions

Bima has several well-known tourist destinations, such as [Mount Tambora](/source/Mount_Tambora), Wawo traditional Village, Sambori Traditional Village, Snake Island, Ana Fari Lake (Lake of the Angels), and [Satonda Island](/source/Satonda_Island). There are many white sandy beaches both in the northern and southern parts of Bima. The city has modest tourist accommodations, such as 1-star hotels and some restaurants. Its main attractions are the Sultan Salahuddin mosque, the Terapung mosque, and the Sultan Salahuddin Museum (former Bima Sultanate palace). [Bima airport](/source/Bima_Airport) serves as the air hub for domestic and foreign visitors, who are more attracted to visiting [Hu'u beach](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hu%27u,_Dompu&action=edit&redlink=1) for [surfing](/source/Surfing) or [Tambora](/source/Mount_Tambora) Volcano for [hiking](/source/Hiking).

## Sister cities

This section needs more citations. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

- [Alor Setar](/source/Alor_Setar), [Malaysia](/source/Malaysia)

## References

This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (September 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2025_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2025_1-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2025_1-2) Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, *Kota Bima Dalam Angka 2025* (Katalog-BPS 1102001.5272)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011_2-1) Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_3-1) Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["BIMA/M./SALAHUDDIN Climate: 1991–2020"](http://starlingsroost.ddns.net/weather/worldclimate/graphs.php?climate=9120&code=97270). Starlings Roost Weather. Retrieved 27 December 2024.

## Further reading

- Anthony Reid, The rise of Makassar. Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs 17:117-160, 1983.

- Anthony Reid, Pluralism and progress in seventeenth century Makassar. Paper presented at the Leiden workshop “Trade, society and belief in South Sulawesi”. MS, 1987.

- A. Ligtvoet, "Transcriptie van de Lontara-Bilang of het Dagboek der Vorsten van Gowa en Tello", Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Vierde Volgreeks, Vierde Deel - 1e stuk. Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, The Hague, 1880. pages 1–259.

- D.F.van Braam Morris, "Nota van toelichting behoorende bij het contract gesloten met het Landschap Bima op den 20sten October 1886". Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde uitgegeven door het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. Deel XXXIV, pp. 176–233. Batavia, 1891.

- Henri Chambert-Loir. *Ceritera Asal Bangsa Jin dan Segala Dewa-Dewa*, Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, Bandung, Angkasa, 1985.

- Henri Chambert-Loir and Siti Maryam R. Salahuddin, *Bo' Sangaji Kai: Catatan Kerajaan Bima*. Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient/Yayasan Obor Indonesia, Jakarta, 1999.

- Dr S.W.R. Mulyadi and H.Siti Maryam R. Salahuddin, SH. *Bandar Bima*. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan ..., 1993.

- Dr S.W.R. Mulyadi and H.Siti Maryam R. Salahuddin, SH. *Katalogus Naskah Melayu Bima.* Yayasan Museum Kepudayaan "Samparaja" Bima, 1990.

- J. Noorduyn, *Bima en Sumbawa: Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis van de sultanen Bima en Sumbawa door A. Ligtvoet en G.P. Rouffaer*. Foris Publications, Dordrecht-Holland, 1987.

- J. Noorduyn, "Makasar and the Islamization of Bima". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië. Uitgegeven door het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, part 143, pp. 312–342.

- Leonard Y Andaya, The heritage of Arung Palakka. A history of South Sulawesi (Celebes) in the seventeenth century. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1981.

- Michael Hitchcock, Islam and Identity in Eastern Indonesia. University of Hull Press, 1996.

- Muhammad Adlin Sila, "Momentum Hari Jadi ke 372 Bima: Meempertegas Identitas Islam Dou Labo Dana Mbojo." Wednesday, 11 July 2012 (www.bimakini.com).

- Muhammad Adlin Sila, "Asi dan BO Mbojo: Refleksi Integritas Dou Labo Dana Mbojo." Tuesday, 17 July 2012 (www.bimakini.com).

- Muhammad Adlin Sila, "Peranan Kesultanan Bima dalam Sejarah Pendidikan di Bima." Saturday, 12 May 2012 (www.bimakini.com).

- F. David Bulbeck, "The Politics of Marriage and the Marriage of Polities in Gowa, South Sulawesi, During the 16th and 17th Centuries".In Peter Bellwood, James J. Fox and [Darrell Tryon](/source/Darrell_Tryon) (eds) The Austronesians: historical and comparative perspectives, pp. 214–228. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, 1995.

- M. Hilir Ismail, Peran Kesultanan Bima Dalam Perjalanan Sejarah Nusantara. Mataram, Nusa Tenggara Barat: Penerbit Lengge, 2004.

- M. Hilir Ismail, Kebangkitan Islam di Dana Mbojo (Bima) (1540-1950). Bogor, Indonesia: Penerbit CV Binasti, 2008.

- Abdurrazak daeng Patunru, Sedjarah Goa. *Jajasan Kebudajaen Sulawesi Selatan dan Tenggara*, Makassar, 1967.

- Michael Prager. 2010. ABANDONING THE 'GARDEN OF MAGIC' : Islamic modernism and contested spirit assertions in Bima. Indonesia and the Malay World, Volume 38, Issue 110 March 2010, pages 9 – 25.

- Peter Just. 2000. *Dou Donggo Justice: Conflict and Morality in an Indonesian Society.* Rowman & Littlefield.

## External links

- [Official website](http://www.bimakota.go.id/)

- [Bima Wordlist at the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database](https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231816/http://language.psy.auckland.ac.nz/austronesian/language.php?id=14)

- Hägerdal, Hans (2017), *Held's History of Sumbawa*. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.[\[1\]](https://aup.figshare.com/articles/Held_s_History_of_Sumbawa_An_Annotated_Translation/7992917) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20191222195049/https://aup.figshare.com/articles/Held_s_History_of_Sumbawa_An_Annotated_Translation/7992917) 2019-12-22 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

[8°27′36″S 118°43′36″E / 8.46000°S 118.72667°E / -8.46000; 118.72667](https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bima&params=8_27_36_S_118_43_36_E_region:ID_type:city_source:nlwiki)

v t e Regencies and cities of West Nusa Tenggara Capital: Mataram Regencies Bima Dompu West Lombok Central Lombok East Lombok North Lombok Sumbawa West Sumbawa Cities Bima Mataram See also: List of regencies and cities of Indonesia

Authority control databases International VIAF WorldCat National United States France BnF data Israel Other Yale LUX

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Bima](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bima) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bima?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.