# Beuron Archabbey
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{{short description|Archabbey in Beuron, Germany}}
{{Infobox religious building
| name = Beuron Archabbey
| native_name = Erzabtei Beuron
| image = Kloster Beuron 2009 Blick von Nordwesten.jpg
| image_size = 350
| alt =
| caption = View of the Archabbey in 2009
| map_type = Baden-Württemberg#Germany
| map_size =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| location = [Beuron](/source/Beuron)
| coordinates = {{coord|48|3|3|N|8|58|9|E|type:landmark|format=dms|display=title,inline}}
| religious_affiliation = [Catholic](/source/Catholic)
| sect =[Benedictines](/source/Benedictines)
| deity =
| country = Germany
| functional_status =
| website =
| founded_by =
| year_completed =
}}
[[File:Erzabt Ildefons Schober OSB.JPG|thumb|Benedictine arch Abbot Schober in Prelate Dress and [Cappa Magna](/source/Cappa_Magna)]]
'''Beuron Archabbey''' (in [German](/source/German_(language)) '''Erzabtei Beuron''', otherwise '''Erzabtei St. Martin'''; in Latin ''Archiabbatia Sancti Martini Beuronensis''; [Swabian](/source/Swabian_German): ''Erzabtei Beira'') is a major house of the [Benedictine Order](/source/Benedictine_Order) located at [Beuron](/source/Beuron) in the upper Danube valley in [Baden-Württemberg](/source/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg) in [Germany](/source/Germany).
==History==
It was founded by the brothers [Maurus and Placidus Wolter](/source/Maurus_Wolter). In 1862, with the assistance and support of [Princess Katharina of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst](/source/Princess_Katharina_of_Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsf%C3%BCrst), they were able to purchase the former [Augustinian](/source/Augustinians) monastery in Beuron, vacant since 1802. The foundation was coordinated with the Archbishop of Freiburg. While the settlement in Beuron was still being prepared, Maurus Wolter spent three months at the French Benedictine [Abbey of Solesmes](/source/Solesmes_Abbey) in the autumn of 1862. Abbot [Prosper Guéranger](/source/Prosper_Gu%C3%A9ranger)'s approach to Gregorian Chant made a deep impression on Wolter.[{{Cite web|title=Maurus (Rudolf) Wolter {{!}} Portal Rheinische Geschichte|url=https://www.rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de/Persoenlichkeiten/maurus-rudolf-wolter/DE-2086/lido/57c935c3eaa642.81273483|website=www.rheinische-geschichte.lvr.de|access-date=2025-11-30|language=de}}]
St. Martin's Abbey opened in 1863 as a daughter-house of the [Abbey of St. Paul Outside the Walls](/source/Basilica_of_Saint_Paul_Outside_the_Walls), with Maurus Wolter as prior. In 1868 Beuron became an abbey and Maurus Wolter was ordained the first abbot. As St. Martin's Abbey began to distance itself from the motherhouse in Rome, it developed closer links with Abbot [Prosper Guéranger](/source/Prosper_Gu%C3%A9ranger) and [Solesmes](/source/Solesmes_Abbey). Wolter revived the ancient way of interpreting the [Psalter](/source/Psalter), used it in contemporary form and utilized it in the training of novices.[''Restoration and Organic Development of the Roman Rite'' by Laszlo Dobszay and Laurence Paul Hemming 2010 {{ISBN|0-567-03386-4}} page]
In 1872, St. Martin's was able to found a subsidiary monastery in [Maredsous](/source/Maredsous_Abbey), Belgium, with a few monks. Two years later, Maurus over the management of St. Martin's to his brother Placidus.[
Between 1875 and 1887 because of political conditions during the ''"[Kulturkampf](/source/Kulturkampf)"'' ("cultural struggle") the monks had to leave. Most relocated to [Volders](/source/Volders) in Austria. Princess von Hohenzollern took care of the administration of the buildings and lands during their absence until the monks could return in 1887. The monks of Beuron used the opportunity to found new communities elsewhere, such as [Erdington Abbey](/source/Erdington_Abbey) in England.][{{Cite web|title=Our story :: erdingtonabbey|url=https://www.erdingtonabbey.co.uk/our-story/|website=www.erdingtonabbey.co.uk|date=2024-12-16|access-date=2025-11-30|language=en}}] In 1880 the Beuron family took over [Emmaus Monastery](/source/Emmaus_Monastery) in Prague. In 1883 [Seckau Abbey](/source/Seckau_Abbey) in Austria was resettled by the Benedictines from Beuron. After approval of the constitutions, in 1884 the [Beuronese Congregation](/source/Beuronese_Congregation) was founded. It is a member of the [Benedictine Confederation](/source/Benedictine_Confederation).[
Beuron Abbey was reopened in 1887 and became the seat of the Archabbot and the venue for the annual General Chapter of the Congregation.
Beuron Abbey was a center of the 19th century [Liturgical Movement](/source/Liturgical_Movement), with [Anselm Schott](/source/Anselm_Schott) publishing a German translation of the Roman Missal since 1884. After the forced dissolution in the 1870s, Schott ultimately ended up in [Maria Laach](/source/Maria_Laach_Abbey). The "Schott" German Missals and Prayers of the Faithful are still standard equipment in German parishes. Before becoming a priest, [Romano Guardini](/source/Romano_Guardini) visited the Abbey on retreats. A major figure of the Liturgical Movement, Guardini became an oblate and celebrated his first Mass with a chalice and paten made at the Abbey.][ Krieg, Robert A. ''Romano Guardini: Proclaiming the Sacred in a Modern World''. page 19-20]
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the '''[Beuron Art School](/source/Beuron_Art_School)''', with its emphasis on early [Christian](/source/Christian_art) and [Byzantine art](/source/Byzantine_art), was influential on religious art of the period. One of the biggest exhibits of this type of art in the United States is at [Conception Abbey](/source/Conception_Abbey) in Missouri which was founded on principles established by Beuron.
The abbey continues to be a centre of study. The library is the largest monastic library in Germany, with over 400,000 books. Since 1884 the abbey has published the ''Missale Romanum'', a lay missal originally produced by Father [Anselm Schott](/source/Anselm_Schott) of Beuron. The abbey also houses the '''Vetus-Latina-Institut''' (''Ancient Latin Institute''), which has for its purpose the collection and publication of all extant [Old Latin](/source/Old_Latin_Bible) translations of the [Bible](/source/Bible).
==Archabbots since 1863==
# [Maurus (Rudolf) Wolter](/source/Maurus_Wolter) from [Bonn](/source/Bonn) (1825–1890): Founder prior 1863, Abbot 1868–1890, Archabbot since 1885
# Placidus (Ernst) Wolter from Bonn, the founders brother (1828–1908): 1890–1908
# Ildefons (Friedrich) Schober from [Pfullendorf](/source/Pfullendorf) (1849–1918): 1908–1917
# {{ill|Raphael Walzer|de}} from [Ravensburg](/source/Ravensburg) (1888–1966): 1918–1937
# Benedikt (Karl Borromäus) Baur from [Mengen](/source/Mengen%2C_Germany) (1877–1963): 1938–1955
# Benedikt (Johannes) Reetz from Ripsdorf/[Eifel](/source/Eifel) (1897–1964): 1957–1964
# Damasus (Josef) Zähringer from [Ibach](/source/Ibach%2C_Germany) (1899–1977): 1965–1967
# Ursmar (Johannes) Engelmann from [Jena](/source/Jena) (1909–1986): 1970–1980
# Hieronymus (Gerhard) Nitz from [Flensburg](/source/Flensburg) (1928-2020): 1980–2001
# Theodor (Klaus) Hogg from [Kirchen-Hausen](/source/Kirchen-Hausen) (born 1941): 2001–2011
# [Tutilo (Heinz) Burger](/source/Tutilo_Burger) from [Löffingen](/source/L%C3%B6ffingen)-Seppenhofen (born 1965), since 2011
==Burials==
*[Willibrord Benzler](/source/Willibrord_Benzler)
*[Hildebrand de Hemptinne](/source/Hildebrand_de_Hemptinne)
*[Maurus Wolter](/source/Maurus_Wolter) and all his successors
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Sources==
* Gröger, P. Augustinus, OSB, 2005. ''Das Kloster Beuron''; in: Edwin Ernst Weber (ed.): ''Klöster im Landkreis Sigmaringen in Geschichte und Gegenwart'' (Heimatkundliche Schriftenreihe des Landkreises Sigmaringen, Band 9), pp. 46–92. Lindenberg: Kunstverlag Josef Fink. {{ISBN|3-89870-190-5}}.
* Schaber, P. Johannes, OSB, 2003. ''Phänomenologie und Mönchtum. Max Scheler, Martin Heidegger, Edith Stein und die Erzabtei Beuron''; in: Holger Zaborowski & Stephan Loos (eds.): ''Leben, Tod und Entscheidung. Studien zur Geistesgeschichte der Weimarer Republik'', pp. 71–100. Berlin.
* Stöckle, Joseph, 1888. ''Das Kloster Beuron im Donauthale'' (with illustrations and maps). Würzburg & Wien: Leo Woerl's Reisehandbücher.
==External links==
{{Commons category|Kloster Beuron|Beuron Archabbey}}
*{{in lang|en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20181014213947/http://www.vetus-latina.de/en/index.html Vetus Latina Institute]
*{{in lang|de}} [http://www.erzabtei-beuron.de Website of the Erzabtei Beuron]
*{{in lang|de}} [http://erzabtei-beuron.de/schott/index.php Schott Missal]
*{{in lang|de}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20060215183514/http://www.erzabtei-beuron.de/kultur/vetus_latina.php Vetus-Latina-Institut]
*{{in lang|de}} and {{in lang|la}} [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1ev1AkR8Gar5bn2bxaLGZA Life stream of the monastic services] (high mass with Gregorian chant, Latin vespers, complete and services of the Holy and Easter days)
{{Liturgical Movement}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Religious organizations established in 1863
Category:Monasteries in Baden-Württemberg
Category:Augustinian monasteries in Germany
Category:Benedictine monasteries in Germany
Category:1863 establishments in Prussia
Category:Buildings and structures in Sigmaringen (district)
Category:Vetus Latina
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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Beuron Archabbey](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beuron_Archabbey) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beuron_Archabbey?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.