# Bethany

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Municipality type B in Jerusalem, Palestine

For other uses, see [Bethany (disambiguation)](/source/Bethany_(disambiguation)).

Municipality type B in Quds, Palestine

Bethany Municipality type B Arabic transcription(s) • Arabic العيزرية • Latin al-'Eizariya (official) al-Izzariya (unofficial) Bethany, along with Ma'ale Adumim and Az-Za'ayyem Bethany Location of Bethany within Palestine Coordinates: 31°46′12″N 35°15′52″E / 31.77000°N 35.26444°E / 31.77000; 35.26444 Palestine grid 174/130 Country Palestine Governorate Quds Government • Type Municipality • Head of Municipality Khalil Abu Rish Population (2017)[1] • Total 21,175 Name meaning "The place of Lazarus"[2]

**Bethany** ([Ancient Greek](/source/Ancient_Greek_language): Βηθανία,[3] [Syriac](/source/Syriac_language): ܒܝܬ ܥܢܝܐ *Bēṯ ʿAnyā*), locally called in [Arabic](/source/Palestinian_Arabic) **al-Eizariya** or **el-Aizariya** ([Arabic](/source/Arabic_language): العيزرية, "[\[place\] of](/source/Arabic_nouns_and_adjectives#Nisba) [Lazarus](/source/Lazarus_(name))"), is a [Palestinian](/source/State_of_Palestine) town in the [Jerusalem Governorate](/source/Quds_Governorate) of [Palestine](/source/Palestine), bordering [East Jerusalem](/source/East_Jerusalem), in the [West Bank](/source/West_Bank). The name al-Eizariya refers to the [New Testament](/source/New_Testament) figure [Lazarus of Bethany](/source/Lazarus_of_Bethany), who according to the [Gospel of John](/source/Gospel_of_John), was [raised from the dead by Jesus](/source/Lazarus_of_Bethany) in the town.[4] The traditional site of the miracle, the [Tomb of Lazarus](/source/Tomb_of_Lazarus), in the city is a place of [pilgrimage](/source/Pilgrimage).

The town is located on the southeastern slope of the [Mount of Olives](/source/Mount_of_Olives), less than 2 miles (3.2 km) from [Jerusalem](/source/Jerusalem). With a population of 22,928 inhabitants according to the [Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics](/source/Palestinian_Central_Bureau_of_Statistics), it is the second largest city in the [Quds Governorate](/source/Quds_Governorate) of the [State of Palestine](/source/State_of_Palestine), after only [East Jerusalem](/source/East_Jerusalem), which [has been annexed](/source/Israeli_annexation_of_East_Jerusalem) by and is completely under the control of Israel, although this annexation is unrecognized internationally.[5]

## Name

### Al-Eizariya

The name *Al-Eizariya* ([Arabic](/source/Arabic_language): العيزرية) means "place of [Lazarus](/source/Lazarus_of_Bethany)". In his 1840 work *[Biblical Researches in Palestine](/source/Biblical_Researches_in_Palestine)*, [Edward Robinson](/source/Edward_Robinson_(scholar)) wrote: "The Arab name of the village is el-'Aziriyeh, from el-'Azir, the Arabic form of Lazarus. The name "Bethany" is unknown among the native inhabitants. Yet, there is no reason to question the identity of the place" with the Biblical Bethany.[6]

### Bethany

The root meaning and origin of the name *Bethany* has been the subject of much scholarship and debate. [William Hepworth Dixon](/source/William_Hepworth_Dixon) devotes a multi-page footnote to it in his *The Holy Land* (1866), largely devoted to debunking the meaning "house of dates", which is attributed to [Joseph Barber Lightfoot](/source/Joseph_Barber_Lightfoot) by way of a series of careless interpretative mistakes. Dixon quotes [Emanuel Deutsch](/source/Emanuel_Deutsch) of the [British Museum](/source/British_Museum), who suggests a non-Hebrew root transcribed in [Syriac](/source/Syriac_language) script whose meaning he gives as "House of Misery" or "Poor-house".[7]

This theory as to Bethany's etymology, which was eventually also adopted by [Gustaf Dalman](/source/Gustaf_Dalman) in 1905, is not without challengers. For example, E. Nestle's *Philologica Sacra* (1896) suggests that Bethany is derived from the personal name *Anaiah*, while others have suggested it is a shortened version of [Ananiah](/source/Ananiah), a village of [Bethel](/source/Bethel) mentioned in the [Book of Nehemiah](/source/Book_of_Nehemiah) (Nehemiah 11:32).[8] Since Greek can neither reproduce an /h/ sound nor the harsh /ħ/ sound ([Hebrew Ḥet](/source/Heth#Hebrew_Ḥet)) in the middle of a word, a derivation from the personal name Chananya ("[YHWH](/source/Tetragrammaton) has been gracious") is also possible.

Another suggestion, arising from the presence of nearby [Bethphage](/source/Bethphage) ("house of unripe figs"), is that its name comes from *Beit Hini*, ([Imperial Aramaic](/source/Imperial_Aramaic_language): בית היני / ביתייני / ביתוני / בית וני / בית ואני / בית אוני / ביתיוני / בית הינו),[9] possibly meaning "house of figs", which location Talmudic texts place near Jerusalem. Some translations suggest it is Bethany.[10]

Deutsch's thesis, however, seems to also be attested to by [Jerome](/source/Jerome). In his version of [Eusebius](/source/Eusebius_of_Caesarea)' *Onomasticon*, the meaning of Bethany is defined as *domus adflictionis* or "House of affliction". Brian J. Capper writes that this is a [Latin](/source/Latin) derivation from the [Hebrew](/source/Hebrew_language) *beth 'ani*, or more likely the Aramaic *beth 'anya*, both of which mean "House of the poor" or "house of affliction/poverty", also semantically speaking "poor-house". Capper concludes, from historical sources as well as this linguistic evidence, that Bethany may have been the site of an almshouse.[11]

According to Capper and Deutsch before him, there are also linguistic difficulties that arise when the Anaiah/Ananiah, "house of figs" or "house of dates" theses are compared against the *bethania* form used in [Greek](/source/Greek_language) versions of the New Testament. Additionally, the Aramaic *beit 'anya* (ܒܝܬ ܥܢܝܐ) is the form used for Bethany in Christian Palestinian and Syriac versions of the New Testament. Given this, and Jerome's familiarity with [Semitic](/source/Semitic_languages) [philology](/source/Philology) and the immediate region, Capper concludes that the "house of affliction"/"poor-house" meaning as documented by Jerome and in the Syriac New Testament usage is correct, and that this meaning relates to the use of the village as a centre for caring for the sick and aiding the destitute and pilgrims to Jerusalem.[11]

It may be possible to combine the Ananiah (as a personal name) and "house of the poor" derivations, since the shortening of Ananiah ("Yah has intervened") to Anya is conceivable though unattested (cf. the common shortening of Yochanan [and perhaps also Chananyah?] to Choni), whence a typical Semitic wordplay might arise between Anya as a shortening of the personal name within the name of the village and as Aramaic for "poor". Such a wordplay may have served the choice of the village as the location for an almshouse.[12]

## History

Al-Eizariya at the start of the 20th century

### Antiquity

The site is believed to have been continuously inhabited from the 6th century [BCE.](/source/Common_Era)[13] In 1923–1924, American archaeologist [William F. Albright](/source/William_F._Albright) identified the village with [Ananiah](/source/Ananiah) (or 'Ananyab);[14] however, [Edward Robinson](/source/Edward_Robinson_(scholar)) and others have identified Ananiah with present-day [Beit Hanina](/source/Beit_Hanina).[15]

According to the *[Catholic Encyclopedia](/source/Catholic_Encyclopedia)* of 1913, there have been scholars who questioned whether al-Eizariya was the actual site of the ancient village of Bethany:

Some believe that the present village of Bethany does not occupy the site of the ancient village; but that it grew up around the traditional cave which they suppose to have been at some distance from the house of Martha and Mary in the village; [Domenico] Zanecchia (La Palestine d'aujourd'hui, 1899, I, 445f.) places the site of the ancient village of Bethany higher up on the southeastern slope of the Mount of Olives, not far from the accepted site of Bethphage, and near that of the Ascension. It is quite certain that the present village formed about the traditional tomb of Lazarus, which is in a cave in the village... The site of the ancient village may not precisely coincide with the present one, but there is every reason to believe that it was in this general location."[16]

### New Testament

Bethany is recorded in the [New Testament](/source/New_Testament) as a small village in [Judaea](/source/Judaea), the home of the siblings [Mary of Bethany](/source/Mary_of_Bethany), [Martha](/source/Martha), and [Lazarus](/source/Lazarus_of_Bethany), as well as that of [Simon the Leper](/source/Simon_the_Leper). [Jesus](/source/Jesus) is reported to have lodged there after his [entry into Jerusalem](/source/Palm_Sunday). The village is referenced in relation to six incidents:

- The interrogation of [John the Baptist](/source/John_the_Baptist) by the [priests](/source/Kohen) and [Levites](/source/Levite) sent by the [Pharisees](/source/Pharisees): [John 1:19-34](/source/John_1#Testimony_of_John_the_Baptist_(verses_19–34))[17]

- The [raising of Lazarus](/source/Lazarus_of_Bethany#Raising_of_Lazarus) from the dead: John 11:1-46[18]

- The return of Jesus to [Judaea](/source/Judaea), after sojourning in a "region near the wilderness, to a village called [Ephraim](/source/Ephraim), where he stayed with his disciples".[19] The [Gospel of John](/source/Gospel_of_John) reports that "Six days before the [Passover](/source/Passover), Jesus came to Bethany, where Lazarus lived, whom Jesus had raised from the dead."[20]

- The [entry](/source/Triumphal_entry_into_Jerusalem) of Jesus into Jerusalem on [Palm Sunday](/source/Palm_Sunday), which Jesus begins near Bethany: Mark 11:1[21] and Luke 19:29[22]

- The lodging of Jesus in Bethany during the following week: Matthew 21:17[23] and Mark 11:11-12[24]

- The dinner in the house of [Simon the Leper](/source/Simon_the_Leper), at which [Jesus was anointed](/source/Anointing_of_Jesus): Matthew 26:6-13,[25] Mark 14:3-9,[26] and John 12:1-8[27]

- Before the [Ascension of Jesus](/source/Ascension_of_Jesus) into heaven: Luke 24:50[28]

In Luke 10:38-42,[29] a visit of Jesus to the home of Mary and Martha is described, but the village of Bethany is not named (nor whether Jesus is even in the vicinity of Jerusalem).

### Crusader era

The [Crusaders](/source/Crusades) called al-Eizariya by its Biblical name Bethany. In 1138, [Fulk, King of Jerusalem](/source/Fulk%2C_King_of_Jerusalem) and [Melisende, Queen of Jerusalem](/source/Melisende%2C_Queen_of_Jerusalem), purchased the village from the [Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem](/source/Latin_Patriarch_of_Jerusalem) in exchange for land near [Hebron](/source/Hebron). The queen founded a large [Benedictine](/source/Benedictine) [abbey](/source/Abbey) dedicated to [Mary of Bethany](/source/Mary_of_Bethany) and [Martha](/source/Martha) near the Tomb of Lazarus. Melisende's sister [Ioveta](/source/Ioveta_of_Bethany), thenceforward "of Bethany," was one of the first [abbesses](/source/Abbess). Melisende died there in 1163; her stepdaughter, [Sibylla of Anjou](/source/Sibylla_of_Anjou), also died there in 1165. Melisende's granddaughter [Sibylla](/source/Sibylla%2C_Queen_of_Jerusalem), also later Queen of Jerusalem, was raised in the abbey. After the [fall of Jerusalem](/source/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1187)) in 1187, the nuns of the convent went into exile. The village seems to have been abandoned thereafter, though a visitor in 1347 mentioned [Greek Orthodox](/source/Greek_Orthodox) monks attending the tomb chapel.[30]

[Yaqut al-Hamawi](/source/Yaqut_al-Hamawi) (d. 1229) described it as "A village near Jerusalem. There is here the tomb of Al Azar (Lazarus), whom [Isa](/source/Jesus_in_Islam) (Jesus) brought to life from being dead."[31]

### Mamluk era

In the 1480s, during the [Mamluk](/source/Mamluk_Sultanate_(Cairo)) period, [Felix Fabri](/source/Felix_Fabri) visited and described different places in the village, including a "house and storehouse" of [Maria Magdalen](/source/Mary_Magdalene), the house of [Martha](/source/Martha), the church of the [sepulchre](/source/Sepulchre) of Lazarus, and the house of [Simon the Leper](/source/Simon_the_Leper). He described the village as being "well-peopled", with the inhabitants being [saracen](/source/Saracen).[32]

### Ottoman era

al-Eizariya, depicted in 1587, by [Zuallart](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Zuallart)[33]

Colorized picture of Al-Eizariya, taken by [Félix Bonfils](/source/F%C3%A9lix_Bonfils), c. 1890

In 1517, the village was included in the [Ottoman Empire](/source/Ottoman_Empire) with the rest of [Palestine](/source/History_of_Palestine#Ottoman_period), and in the 1596 [tax-records](/source/Defter) it appeared as '*Ayzariyya*, located in the *[Nahiya](/source/Nahiya)* of Jabal Quds of the *[Liwa](/source/Liwa_(Arabic))* of [Al-Quds](/source/Al-Quds). The population was 67 households, all Muslim. They paid taxes on wheat, barley, vineyards and fruit trees, occasional revenues, goats and beehives; a total of 14,000 [Akçe](/source/Ak%C3%A7e).[34]

The Ottomans built the al-Uzair Mosque[13] and named it in honor of Lazarus, who is revered by both [Christians](/source/Christians) and [Muslims](/source/Muslims).[35] For 100 years after it was constructed, Christians were invited to worship in it, but the practice was frowned upon by European church authorities who preferred that adherents of both faiths remain separate.[13]

In 1838, [Edward Robinson](/source/Edward_Robinson_(scholar)) visited, and described it as a poor village of some 20 families.[36] It was also noted as a Muslim village, located in the *el-Wadiyeh* region, east of Jerusalem.[37]

In 1870, the French explorer [Victor Guérin](/source/Victor_Gu%C3%A9rin) visited the village.[38] [Socin](/source/Albert_Socin) found that al-Eizariya had a population of 113, with a total of 36 houses, from an official Ottoman village list from about the same year. The population count included men only.[39] [Hartmann](/source/Martin_Hartmann) found that the village had 35 houses.[40]

In 1883, the [PEF](/source/Palestine_Exploration_Fund)'s *[Survey of Western Palestine](/source/PEF_Survey_of_Palestine)* described the village (named *El Aziriyeh*), as being on the side of a hill, with a ravine running down on the east side of it. The houses were built of stone. The village was dominated by the remains of a Crusader building. A mosque with a white dome was built over what was traditionally the tomb of Lazarus. A second small mosque, dedicated to a Sheik Ahmed, was located to the south of the village.[41]

Around 1890, Khalil Aburish, whose ancestors had officially been designated "guardians of the holy resting place of Lazarus", began promoting al-Eizariya as a tourist or pilgrimage destination.[42]

Greek Orthodox church, al-Eizariya

In 1896 the population of *El-'azarije* was estimated to be about 315 persons.[43]

In the early 20th century, visitors counted 40 family dwellings in the village.[13] In 1917, it had about 400 residents.[44]

### British Mandate era

In the [1922 census of Palestine](/source/1922_census_of_Palestine) conducted by the [British Mandate authorities](/source/Mandatory_Palestine), the village had a population of 506 [Muslims](/source/Muslim) and 9 Christians,[45] where 2 of the Christians were Orthodox, and 7 Roman Catholics.[46] In the [1931 census of Palestine](/source/1931_census_of_Palestine) this had increased to 726 persons, 715 Muslims and 11 Christians, in 152 houses. The number included members of a Greek Convent.[47]

In the [1945 statistics](/source/Village_Statistics%2C_1945), the population was 1,060; 1,040 Muslims and 20 Christians,[48] while the total land area was 11,179 [dunams](/source/Dunam), according to an official land and population survey.[49] Of this, 43 were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 3,359 for cereals,[50] while 102 dunams were classified as built-up (urban) areas.[51]

### Jordanian era

During the [1948 Arab–Israeli War](/source/1948_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_War), and through the years 1948–1967, the site was [controlled by Jordan](/source/Jordanian_annexation_of_the_West_Bank).[52]

In 1961, the population of the area was 3,308.[53]

### 1967, aftermath

Today Bethany (Al Eizariya) is in a [Palestinian enclave](/source/Palestinian_enclaves), surrounded by the [Israeli West Bank barrier](/source/Israeli_West_Bank_barrier) to the north, east and west. It borders the town of [Abu Dis](/source/Abu_Dis) to the south; the enclave continues until [Bethlehem](/source/Bethlehem).

Israeli separation barrier at [Abu Dis](/source/Abu_Dis) & Al-Eizariya, 1990s- 2004–2007. This shows a portion of the barrier built by Israel in the West Bank. This part is very close to the eastern part of [Jerusalem](/source/Jerusalem), ~2 km from [al-Aqsa Mosque](/source/Temple_Mount). It is taken on the Israeli side of the wall, facing south. The local residents on both sides of the barrier at this point consist of predominantly Palestinians Families.

Al-Eizariya beyond the [Israeli separation barrier](/source/Israeli_West_Bank_barrier) - a look from [At-Tur](/source/At-Tur_(Mount_of_Olives))

Since the [Six-Day War](/source/Six-Day_War) in 1967, Bethany has been [occupied by Israel](/source/Israeli_occupation_of_the_West_Bank), and lands to the east of the village were declared a closed military zone, cutting farmers off from the lentils and wheat crops they cultivated on the hilltops where [Maaleh Adumim](/source/Maaleh_Adumim) was later established.[54][55]

Today, the town is overcrowded due to rapid population growth and a lack of town planning.[13] Much of the agricultural land that produced figs, almonds, olives and [carob](/source/Carob) has been confiscated or cut down by Israeli authorities, or has been absorbed into the expanding built-up area of Al-Eizariya.

After the [1995 accords](/source/Oslo_II_Accord), 87.3% of Al-Eizariya land was classified as [Area C](/source/Area_C_(West_Bank)) and the remaining 12.7% as [Area B](/source/Palestinian_enclaves). Israel has confiscated land from Al-Eizariya in order to build two [Israeli settlements](/source/Israeli_settlements):

- 4,217 [dunams](/source/Dunam) for [Ma'ale Adummim](/source/Ma'ale_Adummim),

- 2,749 dunams for [Mishor Adummim](/source/Mishor_Adummim) (Industrial Center).[56][57]

Many of the original inhabitants now live in [Jordan](/source/Jordan), the [United States](/source/United_States), and the [Arab states of the Persian Gulf](/source/Arab_states_of_the_Persian_Gulf).[13] Real estate speculation and the opening of many bank branches briefly accompanied expectations that the [Palestinian Authority](/source/Palestinian_Authority) would set up its seat of government in [East Jerusalem](/source/East_Jerusalem).[13] In 2000, about a quarter of the population, then 16,000, held Israeli ID cards.[58]

In 2004, the [Israeli West Bank barrier](/source/Israeli_West_Bank_barrier) was built across Bethany's main road, curtailing the commerce in the strip of shops along the road, which drew both Arab and Jewish customers.[59]

## Archaeology

Archaeological excavations between 1949 and 1953, directed by Father Sylvester J. Saller for the [Franciscans of the Holy Land](/source/Custodian_of_the_Holy_Land), revealed details of the previous Christian places of worship erected near the tomb.[60][61] Four superimposed churches were discovered to the east of Lazarus's tomb, the earliest dated to the 4th or 5th century. Rock-cut tombs and the remains of houses, wine-presses, cisterns and silos were also unearthed. Pottery finds were dated to the Persian and Hellenistic periods.[62] There are ongoing excavations at a site just beyond the House of Martha and Mary.[13]

## Landmarks

### Tomb of Lazarus

Main article: [Tomb of Lazarus](/source/Tomb_of_Lazarus)

The Tomb of Lazarus in Bethany is a traditional [pilgrimage](/source/Pilgrimage) destination. The tomb is the purported site of the miracle recorded in the [Gospel of John](/source/Gospel_of_John) in which [Jesus](/source/Jesus) raises [Lazarus of Bethany](/source/Lazarus_of_Bethany) from the dead. The site, sacred to both [Christians](/source/Christians) and [Muslims](/source/Muslims), has been identified as the tomb of the gospel account since at least the 3rd century CE. As the *[Catholic Encyclopedia](/source/Catholic_Encyclopedia)* of 1913 states, however, "It is quite certain that the present village formed about the traditional tomb of Lazarus, which is in a cave in the village. The identification of this [particular] cave as the tomb of Lazarus is merely possible; it has no strong intrinsic or extrinsic authority."[16]

The tomb has been identified as the tomb of the gospel account since at least the 4th century AD. Both the historian [Eusebius of Caesarea](/source/Eusebius_of_Caesarea)[63] (c. 330) and the *[Itinerarium Burdigalense](/source/Itinerarium_Burdigalense)*[64] (c. 333) mention the Tomb of Lazarus in this location. Several Christian [churches](/source/Church_(building)) have existed at the site over the centuries. The first mention of a church is in the late 4th century, although Eusebius of Caesarea[65] and the [Bordeaux](/source/Bordeaux) [pilgrim](/source/Pilgrim) mention the tomb. In 390, [Jerome](/source/Jerome) writes of a church dedicated to Saint Lazarus called the *Lazarium*. This is repeated by the pilgrim [Egeria](/source/Egeria_(pilgrim)) around 384.[66] The present-day gardens contain the remnants of a mosaic floor from the 4th-century church.[13]

In 1143, the existing structure and lands were purchased by [King Fulk](/source/King_Fulk) and Queen [Melisende of Jerusalem](/source/Melisende_of_Jerusalem) and a large [Benedictine](/source/Benedictine) convent dedicated to Mary and Martha was built near the tomb of Lazarus. After the [fall of Jerusalem](/source/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1187)) in 1187, the convent was deserted and fell into ruin with only the tomb and barrel vaulting surviving. By 1384, a simple [mosque](/source/Mosque) had been built on the site.[67] In the 16th century, the [Ottomans](/source/Ottoman_empire) built the larger al-Uzair Mosque to serve the town's (now Muslim) inhabitants and named it in honor of the town's patron saint, Lazarus of Bethany.[13] Since the 16th century, the site of the tomb has been occupied by the al-Uzair Mosque. The adjacent [Roman Catholic](/source/Roman_Catholic) Church of Saint Lazarus, built between 1952 and 1955 under the auspices of the [Franciscan Order](/source/Franciscan_Order), stands upon the site of several much older ones. In 1965, a [Greek Orthodox](/source/Greek_Orthodox) church was built just west of the tomb.

The entrance to the tomb today is via a flight of uneven rock-cut steps from the street. As it was described in 1896, there were twenty-four steps from the then-modern street level, leading to a square chamber serving as a place of prayer, from which more steps led to a lower chamber believed to be the tomb of Lazarus.[68] The same description applies today.[30][69]

		- Tomb of Lazarus, 1906

		- Tomb of Lazarus, 2007

### Other sites

The oldest house in present-day al-Eizariya, a 2,000-year-old dwelling reputed to have been (or which at least serves as a reminder of) the House of Martha and Mary, is also a popular pilgrimage site.[13]

The house of [Simon the Leper](/source/Simon_the_Leper), which is known by locals as the Tower of Lazarus, is maintained by the [Greek Orthodox Church](/source/Greek_Orthodox_Church).[13]

In 2014, a new [mosque](/source/Mosque), the second largest in the wider-Jerusalem area, was opened, having been funded by the charitable foundation of named [Sheikh](/source/Sheikh) [Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan](/source/Khalifa_bin_Zayed_Al_Nahyan), [President](/source/President_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates) of the [United Arab Emirates](/source/United_Arab_Emirates).[70][71]

## Bethany and care of the poor and sick

Capper and others have concluded that ancient Bethany was the site of an almshouse for the poor and a place of care for the sick. There is a hint of association between Bethany and care for the unwell in the Gospels: Mark tells of [Simon the Leper](/source/Simon_the_Leper)'s house there (Mark 14:3–10); Jesus receives urgent word of Lazarus' illness from Bethany (John 11:1–12:11).

According to the [Temple Scroll](/source/Temple_Scroll)[*[where?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(geographic_names))*] from [Qumran](/source/Qumran), three places for the care of the sick, including one for lepers, are to be east of Jerusalem. The passage also defines a (minimum) radius of three thousand cubits (circa 1,800 yards) around the city within which nothing unclean shall be seen (XLVI:13–18). Since Bethany was, according to John, fifteen [stadia](/source/Stadion_(unit)) (about 1.72 miles) from the holy city,[72] care for the sick there corresponded with the requirements of the Temple Scroll (the stadion being ideally 600 feet (180 m) or 400 cubits).[73] Whereas Bethphage is probably to be identified with [At-Tur](/source/At-Tur_(Mount_of_Olives)), on the peak of the Mount of Olives with a magnificent view of Jerusalem, Bethany lay below to the southeast, out of view of the [Temple Mount](/source/Temple_Mount), which may have made its location suitable as a place for care of the sick, "out of view" of the Temple.

From this it is possible to deduce that the mention of Simon the Leper at Bethany in Mark's Gospel suggests that the [Essenes](/source/Essenes), or pious patrons from Jerusalem who held to a closely similar view of ideal arrangements, settled lepers at Bethany. Such influence on the planning of Jerusalem and its environs (and even its Temple) may have been possible especially during the reign of [Herod the Great](/source/Herod_the_Great) (36–4 BC), whose favour towards the Essenes was noted by [Josephus](/source/Josephus) (*Antiquities* 15.10.5 [373–78]).[74]

Reta Halteman Finger approves Capper's judgment that only in the context of an almshouse at Bethany, where the poor were received and assisted, could Jesus remark that "The poor you will always have with you" (Mark 14:7; Matthew 26:11) without sounding callous.[75] Ling follows Capper's thesis concerning the connection between then place-name Bethany and the location there of an almshouse. Capper and Ling note that it is only in Bethany we find mention of the poor on the lips of the disciples, who object that the expensive perfumed oil poured over Jesus there might have been sold and the proceeds given to the poor (Mark 14:5; Matthew 26:8–9; John 12:4–6 [where the objection is made by [Judas](/source/Judas_Iscariot)]); this objection may have been made in embarrassment and may also suggest a special connection between Bethany and care for the poor.[76]

It has also been suggested, based on the names found carved on thousands of [ossuaries](/source/Ossuary) at the site, that Bethany in the time of Jesus was settled by people from [Galilee](/source/Galilee) who had come to live by Jerusalem. This would explain why Jesus and the disciples, as Galileans, would find it convenient to stay here when visiting Jerusalem.[77] As Capper writes,

Galilean pilgrims avoided potential conflict with [Samaritans](/source/Samaritans) by travelling south on the eastern side of the [Jordan](/source/Jordan_River). Bethany was the last station on their route to Jerusalem after crossing the river and taking the road through [Jericho](/source/Jericho) up into the highlands. A respectful distance from the city and Temple, and on the pilgrim route, Bethany was a most suitable location for a charitable institution. It is not surprising that an Essene hospice had been established at Bethany to intercept and care for pilgrims at the end of the long and potentially arduous journey from Galilee. The house combined this work with care for the sick and destitute of the Jerusalem area. Thus Bethany received its name because it was the Essene poorhouse par excellence, the poorhouse which alleviated poverty closest to the holy city.[78]

## Notable residents

- [Martha](/source/Martha_of_Bethany), [Mary](/source/Mary_of_Bethany) and [Lazarus of Bethany](/source/Lazarus_of_Bethany), according to Christian tradition

- [Said K. Aburish](/source/Said_K._Aburish) (1935–2012), author

- [Aziz Abu Sarah](/source/Aziz_Abu_Sarah) (born 1980), peace activist

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-PrelimCensus2017_1-0)** [Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017](https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Downloads/book2364-1.pdf) (PDF). [Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics](/source/Palestinian_Central_Bureau_of_Statistics) (PCBS) (Report). [State of Palestine](/source/State_of_Palestine). February 2018. pp. 64–82. Retrieved 2023-10-24.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Palmer, 1881, p. [285](https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/285/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Murphy-O'Connor2008_3-0)** Murphy-O'Connor, 2008, p. [152](https://books.google.com/books?id=cSuErBFmykQC&pg=PA152)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [John 11:1–53](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:John%2011:1–53)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Projected Mid -Year Population for Jerusalem Governorate by Locality 2017-2021"](https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Portals/_Rainbow/Documents/JerusalemE.html). *www.pcbs.gov.ps*. Retrieved 2023-08-26.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 2, p. [102](https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearc00smitgoog/page/n124/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Dixonp214_7-0)** Dixon, 1866, pp. 214–19.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** [Nehemiah 11:32](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Nehemiah%2011:32)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** [Neubauer](/source/Adolphe_Neubauer), 1868, pp. [149](https://archive.org/stream/lagographiedutal00neub#page/149/mode/1up)–50, writes: "The Talmud reports that Beth Hini shops were destroyed three years before Jerusalem. These shops were probably on the Mount of Olives, and Beth Hini would be identical with Bethany of the Gospel. The Talmud adds that the figs of Beth Hini ripened earlier than elsewhere and that fig trees disappeared as a result of the siege of Jerusalem. These fruits have given the name to the place Beth-Phagi, a place according to the Gospels near Bethany. We would identify Bethany with the present village of el-Azarieh, inhabited by Muslims and Christians." [Klein](/source/Samuel_Klein_(scholar)), 1910, pp. 18–19

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** The Schottenstein Daf Yomi Edition Tractate [Bava Metzia](/source/Bava_Metzia) 88a:2

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Capperp497_11-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Capperp497_11-1) Capper, in Charlesworth, 2006, pp. 497–98.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** Cf. Capper, "John, Qumran and Virtuoso Religion" in Paul Anderson, Mary Coloe, and Tom Thatcher (eds.), *John and Qumran* (Leuven: Peeters, 2009)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-6) [***h***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-7) [***i***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-8) [***j***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-9) [***k***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-10) [***l***](#cite_ref-Shahinp332_13-11) Shahin, 2005, p. [332](https://books.google.com/books?id=-ZTtAAAAMAAJ)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** Albright, 1922–1923, pp. [158](https://archive.org/stream/jstor-3768487/3768487#page/n162/mode/1up)–160

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** [About Beit Hanina](http://www.beithanina.org/en/bh/about_bh.html), Official Website of the Beit Hanina Community Center; Mohamed Shaker Sifadden. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20090223194021/http://www.beithanina.org/en/bh/about_bh.html) February 23, 2009, at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-CathEncy_16-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-CathEncy_16-1) [Breen, Andrew Edward](/source/Andrew_Breen) (1907). ["Bethany"](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Bethany). *[Catholic Encyclopedia](/source/Catholic_Encyclopedia)*. Vol. 2.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-17)** [John 1:19–28](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:John%201:19–28)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-18)** [John 11:1–46](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:John%2011:1–46)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** [John 11:54–55](https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2011:54–55&version=nrsv)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** [John 12:1](https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2012:1&version=nrsv)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** [Mark 11:1](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Mark%2011:1)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-22)** [Luke 19:29](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Luke%2019:29)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** [Matthew 21:17](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Matthew%2021:17)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** [Mark 11:11–12](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Mark%2011:11–12)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** [Matthew 26:6–13](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Matthew%2026:6–13)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** [Mark 14:3–9](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Mark%2014:3–9)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** [John 12:1–8](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:John%2012:1–8)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-28)** [Luke 24:50](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Luke%2024:50)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-29)** [Luke 10:38–42](https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Luke%2010:38–42)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-SacredDestinations_30-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-SacredDestinations_30-1) [Tomb of Lazarus, Bethany - Jerusalem](http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-bethany-lazarus), Sacred Destinations.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** Le Strange, 1890, p. [405](https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/405/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-32)** Fabri, 1893, p. [73](https://archive.org/stream/libraryofpalesti09paleuoft#page/73/mode/1up) ff

1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** Zuallart, 1587, p. [177](https://archive.org/stream/ildevotissimovia00zual#page/177/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. [120](https://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ&q=Ayzariyya)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-35)** Kark and Oren-Nordheim, 2001, p. [204](https://books.google.com/books?id=KzOAxmHDzHUC&pg=PA204)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** Robinson and Smith, 1841, p. [101](https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearc00smitgoog#page/n123/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Robinson122_37-0)** Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. [122](https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/122/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** Guérin, 1874, p. [163](https://archive.org/stream/descriptionsam01gu#page/163/mode/1up) ff

1. **[^](#cite_ref-39)** Socin, 1879, p. [144](https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde01deut#page/144/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-40)** Hartmann, 1883, p. [124](https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ#page/n932/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-SWP27_41-0)** Conder and Kitchener, 1883, SWP III, pp. [27](https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp03conduoft#page/27/mode/1up)-28

1. **[^](#cite_ref-42)** Aburish, 1988, p. [10](https://books.google.com/books?id=Ls0qBm2gzn4C&pg=PA10)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-43)** Schick, 1896, p. [121](https://archive.org/stream/zeitschriftdesde19deut#page/n228/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-44)** Aburish, 1988, p. [6](https://books.google.com/books?id=Ls0qBm2gzn4C&pg=PA6)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Census1922_45-0)** Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jerusalem, p. [14](https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n16/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-46)** Barron, 1923, Table XIV, p [45](https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n47/mode/1up)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Census1931_47-0)** Mills, 1932, p. [39](https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1945p24_48-0)** Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [24](http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p24.jpg)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-49)** Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. *Village Statistics, April, 1945.* Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [57](http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Jerusalem/Page-057.jpg) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110604193140/http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Jerusalem/Page-057.jpg) 2011-06-04 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-50)** Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. *Village Statistics, April, 1945.* Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [102](http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Jerusalem/Page-102.jpg)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-51)** Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. *Village Statistics, April, 1945.* Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [152](http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Jerusalem/Page-152.jpg)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-52)** [Said Aburish](https://web.archive.org/web/20131111045116/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-33659171.html)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-53)** Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. [14](http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensusPages/JordanCensus1961-p14.pdf)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-54)** [Land claim unsettles Israeli settlers; Peace Now says 40 percent of West Bank settlements sit on private Palestinian land](https://web.archive.org/web/20131011162556/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-155116387.html), *Christian Science Monitor*

1. **[^](#cite_ref-55)** [Land claim unsettles Israeli settlers; Peace Now says 40 percent of West Bank settlements sit on private Palestinian land.](https://www.csmonitor.com/2006/1129/p06s02-wome.html)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-56)** [El 'Eizariya (including Al Ka’abina) Town Profile](http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/pdfs/vprofile/El%20Eizariya_EN.pdf), ARIJ, p. 19

1. **[^](#cite_ref-57)** [The Heart of the Conflict](http://spme.org/spme-research/letters-from-our-readers/danny-rubenstein-the-heart-of-the-conflict/9217/) by Danny Rubenstein

1. **[^](#cite_ref-58)** [A fence around Jerusalem: The construction of the security fence around Jerusalem: General background and implications for the city and its metropolitan area](https://books.google.com/books?id=NRsXAQAAIAAJ&q=al+azariya+byzantine)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-59)** [As barrier goes up, West Bank community bemoans isolation](https://www.chicagotribune.com/2004/01/14/israeli-wall-goes-up-near-2-villages/), January 14, 2004, Joel Greenberg, *[Chicago Tribune](/source/Chicago_Tribune)*

1. **[^](#cite_ref-60)** [Bethany:Introduction](http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET01int.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20120620163326/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET01int.html) 2012-06-20 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), Albert Storme, Franciscan Cyberspot.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-61)** Wright, G. Ernest (1953). ["Archaeological News and Views"](https://www.jstor.org/stable/3209146). *The Biblical Archaeologist*. **16** (1): 17–20. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2307/3209146](https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3209146). [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [3209146](https://www.jstor.org/stable/3209146). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [224800547](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:224800547).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-62)** [Archaeological encyclopedia of the Holy Land, eds. Avraham Negev and Shimon Gibson](https://books.google.com/books?id=27nq65cZUIgC&pg=PA76)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-63)** [The Onomastikon of Eusebius and the Madaba Map](http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/articles/DiSegniOnomasticon.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20040505195802/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/articles/DiSegniOnomasticon.html) 2004-05-05 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), By Leah Di Segni. First published in: *The Madaba Map Centenary*, Jerusalem, 1999, pp. 115–20.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-64)** [Itinerary of the Pilgrim of Bordeaux](http://homepages.luc.edu/~avande1/jerusalem/sources/bordeauxJerus.htm) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110719232509/http://homepages.luc.edu/~avande1/jerusalem/sources/bordeauxJerus.htm) 2011-07-19 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), translated by Arnold vander Nat, 2001.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-65)** [The Onomastikon of Eusebius and the Madaba Map](http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/articles/DiSegniOnomasticon.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20040505195802/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/articles/DiSegniOnomasticon.html) 2004-05-05 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), Leah Di Segni. First published in: *The Madaba Map Centenary*, Jerusalem, 1999, pp. 115-120.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Franciscan_66-0)** [Bethany in Byzantine Times I](http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET04byz.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20160306011815/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET04byz.html) 2016-03-06 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) and [Bethany in Byzantine Times II](http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET05lit.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20000915083408/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET05lit.html) 2000-09-15 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), by Albert Storme, Franciscan Cyberspot.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Sacred_Destinations_67-0)** ["Sacred Destinations"](http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-bethany.htm). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20090820075541/http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-bethany.htm) August 20, 2009, at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Modern_68-0)** In *The Biblical World* **8**.5 (November 1896:40).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-ModernBethany_69-0)** [Modern Bethany](http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET09mod.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20131007062326/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET09mod.html) 2013-10-07 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine), by Albert Storme, Franciscan Cyberspot.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Davidson20112011_70-0)** Davidson, Christopher M. (2011). ["Legitimizing the Monarchy"](https://books.google.com/books?id=HenL2RXSYMQC&q=sheikh+khalifa+mosque&pg=PA135). *Abu Dhabi: Oil and Beyond*. [Hurst Publishers](/source/Hurst_Publishers). pp. 135–136. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-8490-4153-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-8490-4153-9).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-71)** The National, [Palestine’s Sheikh Khalifa mosque opens](https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/palestine-s-sheikh-khalifa-mosque-opens-1.576836)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-72)** [John 11:18](https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2011:18&version=nrsv).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-73)** Cf. Dieter Lelgemann, ['Recovery of the Ancient System of Foot/Cubit/Stadion Length Units'](https://www.fig.net/resources/proceedings/fig_proceedings/athens/papers/wshs2/WSHS2_1_Lelgemann.pdf)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-74)** Matthias Delcor suggested that Essenes familiar with the Temple Scroll influenced the design of Herod's Temple, "Is the Temple Scroll a Source of the Herodian Temple?" in G.J. Brooke, *Temple Scroll Studies* (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1989), pp. 67–89

1. **[^](#cite_ref-75)** Reta Halteman Finger, *Of Widows and Meals: Communal Meals in the Book of Acts* (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2008) p. 164, cf. Brian J. Capper, "The Church as the New Covenant of Effective Economics", *International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church* 2, 1 (January 2002) pp. 83–102, see p. 95.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-76)** Timothy J. M. Ling, *The Judaean Poor and the Fourth Gospel* (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2007), pp. 143–45, 170–71, 176–77.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-77)** [With Jesus in the City of Bethany](https://web.archive.org/web/20101219134300/http://www.gordonmoyes.com/2009/07/16/with-jesus-in-the-city-of-bethany), Rev. the Hon. Dr. Gordon Moyes AC MLC.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-78)** Brian J. Capper, "The Church as the New Covenant of Effective Economics", *International Journal for the Study of the Christian Church* 2, 1 (January 2002) pp. 83–102. For further information, see also "The New Covenant Network in Southern Palestine at the Arrest of Jesus", in James R. Davila, *The Dead Sea Scrolls as Background to Postbiblical Judaism and Early Christianity* (Leiden: Brill, 2003), pp. 90–116, especially pp. 108–16 on Bethany and pp. 98–108 on the social work of the Essene poorcare houses of Judaea in general.

## Bibliography

- [Aburish, S.](/source/Said_Aburish) (1988). [*Children of Bethany: the story of a Palestinian family*](https://books.google.com/books?id=Ls0qBm2gzn4C). I.B.Tauris. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-85043-109-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85043-109-1).

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- [Breen, Andrew Edward](/source/Andrew_Breen) (1907). ["Bethany"](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Bethany). In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). *[Catholic Encyclopedia](/source/Catholic_Encyclopedia)*. Vol. 2. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

- Capper, Brian J. (2006). "Essene Community Houses and Jesus' Early Community". In James H. Charlesworth (ed.). *Jesus and Archaeology*. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. pp. 474–502. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8028-4880-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-4880-2).

- [Conder, C.R.](/source/Claude_Reignier_Conder); [Kitchener, H.H.](/source/Herbert_Kitchener%2C_1st_Earl_Kitchener) (1883). [*The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology*](https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp03conduoft). Vol. 3. London: [Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund](/source/Palestine_Exploration_Fund).

- [Dauphin, C.](/source/Claudine_Dauphin) (1998). [*La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations*](https://books.google.com/books?id=FC1mAAAAMAAJ). BAR International Series 726 (in French). Vol. III : Catalogue. Oxford: Archeopress. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [0-860549-05-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-860549-05-4).

- [Dixon, W.H.](/source/William_Hepworth_Dixon) (1866). *The Holy Land*. Chapman and Hall.

- [Fabri, F.](/source/Felix_Fabri) (1893). [*Felix Fabri (circa 1480–1483 A.D.) vol II, part I*](https://archive.org/details/libraryofpalesti09paleuoft). [Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society](/source/Palestine_Pilgrims'_Text_Society).

- Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics (1964). [*First Census of Population and Housing. Volume I: Final Tables; General Characteristics of the Population*](http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensus1961bits.pdf) (PDF).

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- [Guérin, V.](/source/Victor_Gu%C3%A9rin) (1874). [*Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine. Vol 2 Samarie; pt. 1*](https://archive.org/details/descriptionsam01gu). Paris, L'Imprimerie Imp.

- [Hadawi, S.](/source/Sami_Hadawi) (1970). [*Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine*](https://web.archive.org/web/20181208215837/http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html). Palestine Liberation Organization Research Centre. Archived from [the original](http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html) on 2018-12-08. Retrieved 2013-10-02.

- [Hartmann, M.](/source/Martin_Hartmann) (1883). ["Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871)"](https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_BZobAQAAIAAJ). *Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins*. **6**: 102–149.

- [Hütteroth, W.-D.](/source/Wolf-Dieter_H%C3%BCtteroth); [Abdulfattah, K.](/source/Kamal_Abdulfattah) (1977). [*Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century*](https://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ). Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [3-920405-41-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-920405-41-2).

- [Jerome](/source/Jerome) (1887). [*The pilgrimage of the holy Paula*](https://archive.org/details/cu31924028534190). [Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society](/source/Palestine_Pilgrims'_Text_Society). (see p. [11](https://archive.org/stream/cu31924028534190#page/n28/mode/1up/search/lazarus) )

- [Kark, R.](/source/Ruth_Kark); Oren-Nordheim, Michal (2001). [*Jerusalem and its environs: quarters, neighborhoods, villages, 1800-1948*](https://books.google.com/books?id=KzOAxmHDzHUC) (Illustrated ed.). Wayne State University Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8143-2909-2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8143-2909-2).

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- [Le Strange, G.](/source/Guy_Le_Strange) (1890). [*Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500*](https://archive.org/details/palestineundermo00lestuoft). Committee of the [Palestine Exploration Fund](/source/Palestine_Exploration_Fund).

- [Maundrell, H.](/source/Henry_Maundrell) (1703). [*A journey from Aleppo to Jerusalem at Easter, A.D. 1697*](https://archive.org/details/gri_journeyfroma00maun). Oxford : Printed at the Theater.{{[cite book](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Cite_book)}}: CS1 maint: publisher location ([link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_publisher_location)) (pp. [77](https://archive.org/stream/gri_journeyfroma00maun#page/n106/mode/1up) -78 )

- Mills, E., ed. (1932). [*Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas*](https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas). Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.

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## External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Al-Eizariya](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Al-Eizariya).

- [Welcome to Bethany](http://www.palestineremembered.com/GeoPoints/Bethany_4089/index.html)

- [Al-Eizariya](https://www.welcometopalestine.com/destinations/jerusalem/al-eizariya/), Welcome to Palestine

- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 17: [IAA](http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8379), [Wikimedia commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.17.jpg)

- [Border Crossing: Al Azzariyah (2005)](https://archive.org/details/Azzaryah)

- [El 'Eizariya (including Al Ka’abina) Town Profile](http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/pdfs/vprofile/El%20Eizariya_EN.pdf), [Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem](/source/Applied_Research_Institute%E2%80%93Jerusalem) (ARIJ)

- [Aerial photo](http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/images/english/Al%20'Eizariya%20&%20Al%20Ka'abina%20(%20Tajammu'%20Badawi%20)_ap_en.jpg), ARIJ

- [Locality Development Priorities and Needs in El 'Eizariya](http://vprofile.arij.org/jerusalem/pdfs/needsfordevelopment/El%20'Eizariya.pdf), ARIJ

- [Bethany](http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02531a.htm) in the *[Catholic Encyclopedia](/source/Catholic_Encyclopedia)*

- [Bethany](http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=987&letter=B) in *[The Jewish Encyclopedia](/source/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia)*

- [Pictures of Lazarus' reputed tomb at Bethany](https://web.archive.org/web/20090820075541/http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-bethany.htm)

v t e Cities administered by the State of Palestine West Bank Abu Dis Arraba Bani Na'im Beit Sahour Beit Jala Beit Ummar Beitunia Bethany Bethlehem al-Bireh ad-Dhahiriya Dura Halhul Hebron Idna Jenin Jericho Jerusalema (East, West) Nablus Qabatiya Qalqilya al-Ram Ramallah Rawabi Sa'ir Salfit as-Samu Tarqumiya Tubas Tulkarm Ya'bad al-Yamun Yatta Gaza Stripb Abasan al-Kabira Bani Suheila Beit Hanoun Beit Lahia Deir al-Balah Gaza City Jabalia Khan Yunis Rafah az-Zawayda aLimited recognition, see (Status of Jerusalem). bFrom 14 June 2007, the Gaza Strip has been under de facto Hamas governance.

v t e Quds Governorate Subdistrict Jerusalem J1 (Territories of East Jerusalem unilaterally annexed by Israel in its Jerusalem Municipality) Cities Abu Dis al-Eizariya (Bethany) al-Quds (Jerusalem) al-Ram Municipalities Hizma Biddu Bir Nabala Kafr 'Aqab Qatanna Villages 'Anata 'Arab al-Jahalin Beit 'Anan Beit Duqqu Beit Hanina Beit Ijza Beit Iksa Beit Safafa Beit Surik Jaba al-Jib al-Judeira Khan al-Ahmar Mukhmas Nabi Samwil al-Qubeiba Qalandia Rafat as-Sawahira ash-Sharqiya Sharafat ash-Sheikh Sa'd Shuafat az-Za'ayyem Refugee camps Qalandia Camp Shu'fat Camp

v t e New Testament places associated with Jesus Galilee Aenon Bethsaida Cana Capernaum Chorazin Gennesaret Mount of Transfiguration Nain Nazareth Sea of Galilee Judea Bethany Bethesda Bethlehem Bethphage Calvary Emmaus Gabbatha Gethsemane Jericho Jerusalem Temple Mount of Olives Other Bethabara Caesarea Maritima Caesarea Philippi Egypt Gerasa Road to Damascus Sychar Umm Qais Christianity portal

Authority control databases International VIAF FAST National United States France BnF data Israel Geographic Pleiades

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Bethany](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethany) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethany?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.