# Berna

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Berna
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Berna.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berna
> Source revision: 1340872244
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

**Berna** was a [Swiss](/source/Switzerland) manufacturer of buses, [trolleybuses](/source/Trolleybus) and [trucks](/source/Truck), which later also specialized in surface [metallurgical](/source/Metallurgy) treatments and components. Until the 1960s it was primarily a vehicle manufacturer, but between 1965 and 1978 vehicle manufacturing was phased out and replaced with other products. The company was based in [Olten](/source/Olten).

## History

The company was founded in 1902 by [Joseph Wyss](/source/Joseph_Wyss) and changed its name from *Schweizerische Automobil Fabrik Berna* (S.A.F.B.) to *Motor-Werke Berna AG* in 1906. The company initially manufactured cars, and Wyss was its first car designer. Berna was also involved in the development of the Tank "[Nahkampfkanone 1](/source/Nahkampfkanone_1)" Berna's first car, made in 1902, was the *Berna Vis-à-Vis Idéal*. Another model was powered by one-cylinder engines, which were placed on the rear. In 1903, a new car called the *Unicum* was produced with the engine placed on the front and the back wheels were powered by chains. By 1905, Berna was also building [trucks](/source/Truck)/lorries.

In 1907, Wyss sold the company to a businessman named Locher, who eventually went bankrupt.[citation needed] The company came under English control in 1908, and production of cars ceased, but it was bought back by Swiss shareholders in 1912, and reorganized as Motorwagenfabrik Berna AG (Berna Motor Vehicle Factory).[1] In 1929, following a period of financial difficulties, [Saurer](/source/Saurer) acquired majority control of Berna.[1] Manufacturing of trucks, like the [Berna 2](/source/Saurer_2_CM), [Berna L275/10](/source/Berna_L275/10), [Berna 2VM](/source/Berna_2VM), [Berna 2 US](/source/Berna_2_US) and buses continued, including [trolleybuses](/source/Trolleybus) starting in 1940.

In 1965, Berna branched out into metallurgy with two new subsidiaries in the [United States](/source/United_States) and [Germany](/source/Germany), selling the metal treatment product "Bernex". Vehicle manufacturing was taken over entirely by Saurer in 1976, and Berna AG became a wholly owned subsidiary of Saurer.[1] In 1978 the company had 650 employees and realized 55 million [CHF](/source/Swiss_franc) in sales.[1] In 1995, Berna AG had 160 employees and 45 million CHF in sales.[1] In 2003, the Saurer Group sold the company, which had gradually separated into two divisions with different specialties, and the sale resulted in the establishment of two new but affiliated companies, Bernex Bimetall AG and IonBond AG Olten, both still sharing the same site in [Olten](/source/Olten).

## Trolleybuses

Production of [trolleybuses](/source/Trolleybus) lasted from 1940 to 1967 and included both two-axle and [articulated](/source/Articulated_bus) vehicles.[2] All were sold to Swiss transit systems. Although the total number made was only 131, they were purchased by seven of the country's 15 different urban trolleybus operators,[2] or approximately half of all urban [Swiss trolleybus systems](/source/List_of_trolleybus_systems_in_Switzerland) existing during the period. A few 1965–66 Berna trolleybuses were still in passenger service in 2010 in [Valparaíso, Chile](/source/Trolleybuses_in_Valpara%C3%ADso),[3] whose trolleybus operating company bought them secondhand from [Geneva](/source/Trolleybuses_in_Geneva) and [Schaffhausen](/source/Trolleybuses_in_Schaffhausen) when they were withdrawn from service there in 1992.

## Sales

Year [4] 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 17 25 38 56 90 121 (108) 315 263

## References

1. Hans Brunner (23 March 2009). ["Berna"](http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/textes/d/D42038.php) (in German). [Historical Dictionary of Switzerland](/source/Historical_Dictionary_of_Switzerland). Retrieved 2010-07-27.

1. Murray, Alan (2000). *World Trolleybus Encyclopaedia*, pp. 72–73, 116–117. Yateley, Hampshire, UK: Trolleybooks. ISBN 0-904235-18-1.

1. *Trolleybus Magazine* No. 292 (July–August 2010), pp. 88–89. ISSN 0266-7452.

1. [https://www.e-periodica.ch/digbib/view?pid=olt-001%3A2018%3A76%3A%3A49&referrer=search#49](https://www.e-periodica.ch/digbib/view?pid=olt-001%3A2018%3A76%3A%3A49&referrer=search#49)

## External links

- [Motorbase entry](http://www.motorbase.com/manufacturer/by-id/748083110) on Berna
- [Bernex Bimetall AG](http://www.bernexgroup.com/dynasite.cfm?dssid=5466) website
- [IonBond AG](http://www.ionbond.com/) website

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Berna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berna) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berna?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.