# Benanain River

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The **Benanain River** is a river of western [Timor](/source/Timor), [Indonesia](/source/Indonesia).[1][2] This river is the longest and the largest in the [West Timor](/source/West_Timor) area, with a length of 132 km. The river is located in three [regencies](/source/Regency): [Malaka](/source/Malaka_Regency), [Timor Tengah Utara](/source/Timor_Tengah_Utara_Regency) and [Timor Tengah Selatan](/source/Timor_Tengah_Selatan), all in the [province](/source/Provinces_of_Indonesia) of [East Nusa Tenggara](/source/East_Nusa_Tenggara), Indonesia. The stream rises from [Mount Mutis](/source/Mount_Mutis), flowing in a southeast direction before discharging into the [Timor Sea](/source/Timor_Sea) near [Besikama](/source/Malaka_Regency).

## Hydrology

The watershed (Indonesian: *Daerah Aliran Sungai*/DAS) of Benanain has an area of 3,158 km2 comprising most of [Malaka](/source/Malaka_Regency), [Timor Tengah Utara](/source/Timor_Tengah_Utara_Regency) and [Timor Tengah Selatan](/source/Timor_Tengah_Selatan) Regencies, and also a small part of [Belu Regency](/source/Belu_Regency). It has the largest watershed in the [East Nusa Tenggara](/source/East_Nusa_Tenggara) province. The Benanain River has a characteristic of very extreme discharge fluctuation, giving the indication that the condition of this watershed is in a serious damage. Consequently, every year this river causes much flooding.

### Tributaries

Some of the largest tributaries of the river are:

1. Baen River
1. Biau River
1. Asban River
1. Okan River
1. Muti River
1. Bunu River
1. Fatu River
1. Laku River
1. Besi River

## Geography

The river flows in the middle south of [Timor](/source/Timor) with predominantly [tropical savanna climate](/source/Tropical_savanna_climate) (designated as *Aw* in the Köppen-Geiger climate classification).[3] The annual average temperature in the area is 26 °C. The warmest month is November, when the average temperature is around 29 °C, and the coldest is June, at 23 °C.[4] The average annual rainfall is 1760 mm. The wettest month is January, with an average of 305 mm rainfall, and the driest is September, with 5 mm rainfall.[5]

## Uses

The inhabitants along the Benanain River use the water for agriculture and fisheries by traditional fishing or using nets. The Benanain Dam[6] in [Kakaniuk village, district of Malaka Tengah](/source/Malaka_Regency), [Malaka Regency](/source/Malaka_Regency), can distribute water to 15,000 hectare of farmlands. Other than agriculture, the dam is also used for flood prevention.

## Ecology

This river is a habitat of local [crocodiles](/source/Crocodiles).[7]

## See also

- [List of drainage basins of Indonesia](/source/List_of_drainage_basins_of_Indonesia)
- [List of rivers of Indonesia](/source/List_of_rivers_of_Indonesia)

## References

1. Rand McNally, *The New International Atlas*, 1993.

1. [Mota Benenain](http://www.geonames.org/1649250/mota%20benenain.html) at Geonames.org (cc-by); Last updated 17 January 2012; Database dump downloaded 27 November 2015

1. Peel, M C; Finlayson, B L; McMahon, T A (2007). ["Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification"](http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html). *Hydrology and Earth System Sciences*. **11**. [doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007](https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007)

1. ["NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200511075542/https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php). NASA. 30 January 2016. Archived from [the original](http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php) on 11 May 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2018.

1. ["NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month – TRMM)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20190419091014/https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M&year=2014). NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission. 30 January 2016. Archived from [the original](http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M&year=2014) on 19 April 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2018.

1. ["Bendung Benanain, Kabupaten Malaka"](https://web.archive.org/web/20181212123733/http://www.wisata.nttprov.go.id/index.php/2014-01-20-04-43-22/kota-kupang/malaka/118-bendungan-benenain). Archived from [the original](http://www.wisata.nttprov.go.id/index.php/2014-01-20-04-43-22/kota-kupang/malaka/118-bendungan-benenain) on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2018.

1. [Gerombolan Buaya Berjemur Resahkan Warga](http://ekonomi.kompas.com/read/2014/01/17/2119426/Gerombolan.Buaya.Berjemur.di.Perkampungan.Warga.Resah.)

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Benanain River](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benanain_River) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benanain_River?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.