# Batman

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Batman
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Batman.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batman
> Source revision: 1356409648
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

DC Comics superhero

This article is about the DC superhero. For the city in Turkey, see [Batman, Turkey](/source/Batman%2C_Turkey). For other uses, see [Batman (disambiguation)](/source/Batman_(disambiguation)).

"Bruce Wayne" redirects here. For other uses, see [Bruce Wayne (disambiguation)](/source/Bruce_Wayne_(disambiguation)).

This article may incorporate text from a large language model, which is prohibited in Wikipedia articles. It may include hallucinated information, copyright violations, claims not verified in cited sources, original research, or fictitious references. Any such material should be removed. The reason given is: This 2024 "split" that appears to also introduce AI summaries, with usual WP:AISIGNS of promotional tone, vocab distribution, etc. See talk page for more info (January 2026) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Comics character

Batman Cover of the DC Comics Absolute Edition of Batman: Hush (2011) Art by Jim Lee Publication information Publisher DC Comics First appearance Detective Comics #27 (cover-dated May 1939; published March 30, 1939)[1] Created by Bob Kane Bill Finger[a] In-story information Alter ego Bruce Wayne Place of origin Gotham City Team affiliations Justice League Bat-Family Outsiders Wayne Enterprises Partnerships Robin (various) Batgirl (various) Alfred Pennyworth James Gordon Superman Wonder Woman Catwoman Notable aliases Dark Knight Caped Crusader Matches Malone World's Greatest Detective Abilities Genius-level intellect Master detective Master martial artist and hand-to-hand combatant Master tactician, strategist and field commander Proficient in using high-tech equipment and weapons

**Batman**[b] is a [superhero](/source/Superhero) who appears in [American comic books](/source/American_comic_book) published by [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics). Batman was created by writer [Bill Finger](/source/Bill_Finger) and artist [Bob Kane](/source/Bob_Kane), and debuted in [the 27th issue](/source/Detective_Comics_27) of the comic book *[Detective Comics](/source/Detective_Comics)* on March 30, 1939. In the [DC Universe](/source/DC_Universe), Batman is the alias of **Bruce Wayne**, a wealthy American [playboy](/source/Playboy_lifestyle), [philanthropist](/source/Philanthropy), and industrialist who resides in the fictional [Gotham City](/source/Gotham_City). Originally a millionaire, later versions of the character depict him as a billionaire.[4] [His origin story](/source/Origin_of_Batman) features him swearing vengeance against criminals after witnessing the murder of his parents, [Thomas](/source/Thomas_Wayne) and [Martha](/source/Martha_Wayne), as a child, a vendetta tempered by the ideal of [justice](/source/Justice). He trains himself physically and intellectually, crafts a [bat-inspired persona](/source/Batsuit), and monitors the Gotham streets at night. Kane, Finger, and other creators accompanied Batman with [supporting characters](/source/List_of_Batman_supporting_characters), including his sidekicks [Robin](/source/Robin_(character)) and [Batgirl](/source/Batgirl); allies [Alfred Pennyworth](/source/Alfred_Pennyworth) and [James Gordon](/source/Commissioner_Gordon); love interest and occasional adversary [Catwoman](/source/Catwoman); as well as [foes](/source/List_of_Batman_family_enemies) such as the [Penguin](/source/Penguin_(character)), the [Riddler](/source/Riddler), [Two-Face](/source/Two-Face), and his [archenemy](/source/Archenemy), the [Joker](/source/Joker_(character)).

Kane conceived Batman in early 1939 to capitalize on the popularity of [Superman](/source/Superman); although Kane frequently claimed sole creation credit, Finger substantially developed the concept from a generic superhero into something more [bat](/source/Bat)-like. They drew inspiration from [pulp fiction](/source/Pulp_magazine) characters like [the Shadow](/source/The_Shadow), [Sherlock Holmes](/source/Sherlock_Holmes), and the [Green Hornet](/source/Green_Hornet). Batman received a [spin-off](/source/Spin-off_(media)) publication, *[Batman](/source/Batman_(comic_book))*, in 1940. Kane and Finger introduced Batman as a ruthless vigilante who frequently killed or maimed criminals, but he evolved into a just, tempered superhero with a stringent moral code that prohibits killing during the 1940s. Unlike most superheroes, Batman does not possess any [superpowers](/source/Superpower_(ability)), instead relying on his intellect, fighting skills, and wealth. The 1960s *[Batman](/source/Batman_(TV_series))* television series used a [camp](/source/Camp_(style)) aesthetic, which continued to be associated with Batman for years after it ended. Various creators worked to return Batman to his darker roots in the 1970s and 1980s, culminating with the 1986 [miniseries](/source/Limited_series_(comics)) *[The Dark Knight Returns](/source/The_Dark_Knight_Returns)* by [Frank Miller](/source/Frank_Miller).

DC has featured Batman in [many comic books](/source/List_of_Batman_comics), including comics published under its [imprints](/source/Imprint_(trade_name)) such as [Vertigo](/source/Vertigo_Comics) and [Black Label](/source/DC_Black_Label); he has been considered DC's flagship character[5][6]since the 1990s. The longest-running Batman comic, *Detective Comics*, is the longest-running comic book in the United States. Batman is frequently depicted alongside other DC superheroes, such as Superman and [Wonder Woman](/source/Wonder_Woman), as a member of organizations such as the [Justice League](/source/Justice_League) and the [Outsiders](/source/Outsiders_(comics)). In addition to Bruce Wayne, other characters used the Batman persona, such as [Jean-Paul Valley](/source/Jean-Paul_Valley) / [Azrael](/source/Azrael_(DC_Comics)) in the 1993–1994 "[Knightfall](/source/Batman%3A_Knightfall)" story arc; [Dick Grayson](/source/Dick_Grayson), the first Robin, from 2009 to 2011; and [Jace Fox](/source/Batman_(Jace_Fox)), the son of Wayne's ally [Lucius](/source/Lucius_Fox), since 2021.[7] DC has also published comics featuring alternate versions of Batman, including the incarnation seen in *The Dark Knight Returns* and its successors, [the incarnation](/source/Batman_(Thomas_Wayne)) from the *[Flashpoint](/source/Flashpoint_(comics))* (2011) event, and numerous interpretations in comics published under the [Elseworlds](/source/Elseworlds) label.

[Batman is one of the most iconic characters in popular culture](/source/Batman_in_popular_culture) and has been listed among the greatest comic book superheroes and characters ever created. He is one of the most commercially successful superheroes, the second best-selling comic book series in history with 460 million copies sold worldwide,[8] and his likeness has been licensed and featured in [various media](/source/Batman_franchise_media) and merchandise sold around the world; this includes toy lines such as *[Lego Batman](/source/Lego_Batman)* and video games such as the *[Batman: Arkham](/source/Batman%3A_Arkham)* series. Batman has been adapted in many live-action and animated television series and films. [Adam West](/source/Adam_West) portrayed him in the 1960s *Batman* television series, and he has been portrayed [in films](/source/Batman_in_film) by [Michael Keaton](/source/Michael_Keaton), [Val Kilmer](/source/Val_Kilmer), [George Clooney](/source/George_Clooney), [Christian Bale](/source/Christian_Bale), [Ben Affleck](/source/Ben_Affleck), and [Robert Pattinson](/source/Robert_Pattinson). Many actors, most prolifically [Kevin Conroy](/source/Kevin_Conroy), have provided Batman's voice in animation and video games. In September 2024, Batman was given a star on the [Hollywood Walk of Fame](/source/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame), being the first superhero to receive the honor.

## Publication history

Main article: [Publication history of Batman](/source/Publication_history_of_Batman)

### Creation and early history

In early 1939, following the success of [Superman](/source/Superman), [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics)' editors requested more superheroes.[9] [Bob Kane](/source/Bob_Kane) created Batman, initially drawing a character with red tights, bat wings, and a domino mask. [Bill Finger](/source/Bill_Finger), a collaborator, made significant contributions by suggesting a cowl, cape, gloves, and a darker costume.[10] The character's alter ego, Bruce Wayne, was inspired by historical figures [Robert the Bruce](/source/Robert_the_Bruce) and [Mad Anthony Wayne](/source/Anthony_Wayne).[11] Batman's early adventures drew inspiration from contemporary pulp fiction and characters like Zorro and the Shadow, establishing Batman as a master detective with a dark, brooding persona driven by the murder of his parents.[12][13]

### Golden, Silver and Bronze Ages

See also: [List of Batman comics](/source/List_of_Batman_comics)

Batman debuted in *Detective Comics* #27 in 1939. Early stories were dark, featuring a Batman who did not shy away from killing. The character quickly became popular, leading to his own solo title in 1940. Robin, Batman's sidekick, was introduced in 1940, lightening the tone and boosting sales. Over the next few years, Batman's rogues' gallery expanded with iconic villains like the Joker and Catwoman. The 1950s saw Batman in lighter, science fiction-influenced stories. However, declining sales led to a 1964 revamp by editor Julius Schwartz, who returned Batman to his detective roots and updated his appearance. The 1966 Batman TV series introduced a campy, humorous tone, which was reflected in the comics until its cancellation in 1968. In the 1970s, writers Dennis O'Neil and Neal Adams restored Batman's dark, gritty nature, a trend that continued despite fluctuating sales.

### Modern Age and reboots

In the [Modern Age of Comic Books](/source/Modern_Age_of_Comic_Books) Batman comics have undergone significant transformations, reflecting changing storytelling trends and audience interests. Beginning with seminal works like *[The Dark Knight Returns](/source/The_Dark_Knight_Returns)* in the 1980s,[14] which reintroduced Batman in a grittier, more mature context, the character's narrative evolved to explore deeper themes and darker tones.[15] This period also saw the exploration of Batman's origins and psyche through works like *[Batman: Year One](/source/Batman%3A_Year_One),*[15]*[16]* and *[Batman: The Killing Joke](/source/Batman%3A_The_Killing_Joke)*, which delved into the complexities of heroism and villainy.[17] In the 1990s, storylines such as "[Knightfall](/source/Batman%3A_Knightfall)" introduced new adversaries like Bane, who physically and mentally challenged Batman, leading to a temporary replacement by Jean-Paul Valley. The aftermath of an earthquake in "No Man's Land" depicted Gotham City in chaos, further pushing Batman to new limits of heroism and survival.[18] Entering the 21st century, [Grant Morrison](/source/Grant_Morrison)'s influential run introduced [Damian Wayne](/source/Damian_Wayne) as Batman's son and heir, bringing familial dynamics and a new generation of challenges to the forefront. Morrison's storytelling also delved into surreal and existential themes, such as in *[Batman R.I.P.](/source/Batman_R.I.P.)* and *[Final Crisis](/source/Final_Crisis)*, which tested Batman's resolve and sanity against cosmic threats and personal demons.[19][20] [The New 52](/source/The_New_52) reboot in 2011 refreshed Batman's continuity while preserving core elements of his character. This era introduced modern interpretations of classic storylines, like *[Night of the Owls](/source/Batman%3A_Night_of_the_Owls)*, where Batman confronts the Court of Owls, a clandestine society controlling Gotham for centuries. The chilling return of the Joker in "Death of the Family" explored the intricate relationships within Batman's extended family of allies and adversaries. More recent developments under DC Rebirth and Infinite Frontier have continued to evolve Batman's universe, exploring new characters like [Gotham](/source/Gotham_City) and [Gotham Girl](/source/Gotham_Girl), and tackling contemporary issues within the context of Gotham City's ever-evolving landscape of crime and heroism.[21]

## Characterization

### Bruce Wayne

DC Comics concept art of Bruce Wayne by Mikel Janín

Batman's [secret identity](/source/Secret_identity) is Bruce Wayne, a wealthy American industrialist. As a child, Bruce witnessed the murder of his parents, [Dr. Thomas Wayne](/source/Thomas_Wayne) and [Martha Wayne](/source/Martha_Wayne), which ultimately led him to craft the Batman persona and seek justice against criminals. He resides on the outskirts of Gotham City in his personal residence, [Wayne Manor](/source/Wayne_Manor). Wayne averts suspicion by acting the part of a superficial playboy idly living off his family's fortune and the profits of [Wayne Enterprises](/source/Wayne_Enterprises), his inherited conglomerate.[22][23] He supports philanthropic causes through his nonprofit Wayne Foundation, which in part addresses social issues encouraging crime as well as assisting victims of it, but is more widely known as a celebrity socialite.[24] In public, he frequently appears in the company of high-status women, which encourages tabloid gossip. He feigns near-drunkenness by consuming large quantities of disguised [ginger ale](/source/Ginger_ale), though he is a [teetotaler](/source/Teetotalism) to maintain his physical and mental prowess.[25] Although Bruce Wayne leads an active romantic life, his vigilante activities as Batman account for most of his time.[26] While Bruce Wayne is never depicted as being especially religious, he is ethnically [Jewish](/source/List_of_Jewish_comic_book_characters) on his mother's side;[27][28] his maternal cousin [Batwoman (Kate Kane)](/source/Batwoman_(Kate_Kane)) is practising. His father, Thomas, raised Bruce as a Christian, but as an adult he doesn't follow any religion.[27][29]

Various modern stories have portrayed the extravagant, playboy image of Bruce Wayne as a facade.[30] This is in contrast to the Post-*Crisis* Superman, whose [Clark Kent](/source/Clark_Kent) persona is the true identity, while the Superman persona is the facade.[31][32] In *Batman Unmasked*, a television documentary about the psychology of the character, behavioral scientist [Benjamin Karney](/source/Benjamin_Karney) notes that Batman's personality is driven by Bruce Wayne's inherent humanity; that "Batman, for all its benefits and for all of the time Bruce Wayne devotes to it, is ultimately a tool for Bruce Wayne's efforts to make the world better". Bruce Wayne's principles include the desire to prevent future harm and a vow not to kill. Bruce Wayne believes that our actions define us, we fail for a reason, and anything is possible.[33]

Writers of Batman and Superman stories have often compared and contrasted the two. Interpretations vary depending on the writer, the story, and the timing. Grant Morrison[34] notes that both heroes "believe in the same kind of things" despite the day/night contrast their heroic roles display. Morrison notes an equally stark contrast in their real identities. Bruce Wayne and Clark Kent belong to different social classes: "Bruce has a butler, Clark has a boss." T. James Musler's book *Unleashing the Superhero in Us All* explores the extent to which Bruce Wayne's vast personal wealth is important in his life story, and the crucial role it plays in his efforts as Batman.[35]

Will Brooker notes in his book *Batman Unmasked* that "the confirmation of the Batman's identity lies with the young audience ...he doesn't have to be Bruce Wayne; he just needs the suit and gadgets, the abilities, and most importantly the morality, the humanity. There's just a sense about him: 'they trust him ...and they're never wrong."[36]

#### Personality

Batman's primary character traits can be summarized as *"wealth; physical prowess; deductive abilities and obsession"*.[37] The details and tone of Batman comic books have varied over the years with different creative teams. Dennis O'Neil noted that character consistency was not a major concern during early editorial regimes: "[Julie Schwartz](/source/Julius_Schwartz) did a Batman in *Batman* and *Detective* and [Murray Boltinoff](/source/Murray_Boltinoff) did a Batman in the *Brave and the Bold* and apart from the costume they bore very little resemblance to each other. Julie and Murray did not want to coordinate their efforts, nor were they asked to do so. Continuity was not important in those days."[38]

The driving force behind Bruce Wayne's character is his parents' murder and their absence. Bob Kane and Bill Finger discussed Batman's background and decided that "there's nothing more traumatic than having your parents murdered before your eyes".[39] Despite his trauma, he sets his mind on studying to become a scientist[40][41] and to train his body into physical perfection[40][41] to fight crime in [Gotham City](/source/Gotham_City) as Batman, an inspired idea from Wayne's insight into the criminal mind.[40][41] He also speaks over 40 languages.[42]

Batman is often treated as a vigilante by other characters in his stories. Frank Miller views the character as "a [dionysian](/source/Apollonian_and_Dionysian) figure, a force for [anarchy](/source/Anarchy) that imposes an individual order".[43] Dressed as a bat, Batman deliberately cultivates a frightening persona in order to aid him in crime-fighting,[44] a fear that originates from the criminals' own guilty [conscience](/source/Conscience).[45] Miller is often credited with reintroducing anti-heroic traits into Batman's characterization,[46] such as his brooding personality, willingness to use violence and torture, and increasingly alienated behavior. Batman, shortly a year after his debut and the introduction of Robin, was changed in 1940 after DC editor Whitney Ellsworth felt the character would be tainted by his lethal methods and DC established their own ethical code, subsequently he was retconned to have a stringent moral code,[47][48] which has stayed with the character of Batman ever since. Miller's Batman was closer to the original pre-Robin version, who was willing to kill criminals if necessary.[49]

### Others

On several occasions former Robin [Dick Grayson](/source/Dick_Grayson) has served as Batman; most notably in 2009 while Wayne was believed dead, and served as a second Batman even after Wayne returned in 2010.[50] As part of DC's [2011 continuity relaunch](/source/The_New_52), Grayson returned to being Nightwing following the *Flashpoint* crossover event.

In an interview with [IGN](/source/IGN), Morrison detailed that having Dick Grayson as Batman and [Damian Wayne](/source/Damian_Wayne) as Robin represented a "reverse" of the normal dynamic between Batman and Robin, with, "a more light-hearted and spontaneous Batman and a scowling, badass Robin". Morrison explained their intentions for the new characterization of Batman: "Dick Grayson is kind of this consummate superhero. The guy has been Batman's partner since he was a kid, he's led the [Teen Titans](/source/Teen_Titans), and he's trained with everybody in the DC Universe. So he's a very different kind of Batman. He's a lot easier; He's a lot looser and more relaxed."[51]

Over the years, there have been numerous others to assume the name of Batman, or to officially take over for Bruce during his leaves of absence. Jean-Paul Valley, also known as [Azrael](/source/Azrael_(DC_Comics)), assumed the cowl after the events of the *[Knightfall](/source/Batman%3A_Knightfall)* saga.[50] [Jim Gordon](/source/Commissioner_Gordon) donned a mecha-suit after the events of *[Batman: Endgame](/source/Batman%3A_Endgame)*, and served as Batman in 2015 and 2016. In 2021, as part of the *[Fear State](/source/Fear_State)* crossover event, [Lucius Fox](/source/Lucius_Fox)'s son [Jace Fox](/source/Batman_(Jace_Fox)) succeeds Bruce as Batman in a 2021 storyline, depicted in the series *I Am Batman*, after Batman was declared dead.

Additionally, members of the group [Batman Incorporated](/source/Batman_Incorporated), Bruce Wayne's experiment at franchising his brand of vigilantism, have at times stood in as the official Batman in cities around the world.[50] Various others have also taken up the role of Batman in stories set in alternative universes and possible futures, including, among them, various former proteges of Bruce Wayne.

## Supporting characters

Main article: [List of Batman supporting characters](/source/List_of_Batman_supporting_characters)

Batman's interactions with both villains and cohorts have, over time, developed a strong supporting cast of characters.[37]

### Enemies

Main article: [List of Batman family enemies](/source/List_of_Batman_family_enemies)

Batman faces a variety of foes ranging from common criminals to outlandish, though often likewise super power-less supervillains. Many of them mirror aspects of the Batman's character and development, often having tragic origin stories that lead them to a life of crime.[52] These foes are commonly referred to as Batman's *[rogues gallery](/source/List_of_Batman_family_enemies#Classic_rogues_gallery)*. Batman's "most implacable foe" is the [Joker](/source/Joker_(character)), a homicidal maniac with a clown-like appearance. The Joker is considered by critics to be his perfect adversary, since he is the antithesis of Batman in personality and appearance; the Joker has a maniacal demeanor with a colorful appearance, while Batman has a serious and resolute demeanor with a dark appearance. As a "personification of the irrational", the Joker represents "everything Batman [opposes]". Like Batman, the Joker character has a strong capability for characterization of varying verisimilitude; he is an equally successful character when depicted as a [literal, mostly irksome clown, a traditional gangster, or a philosophically motivated antagonist with no moral reservations.](/source/Batman%3A_Three_Jokers) [53] Other long-time recurring foes that are part of Batman's rogues gallery include [Catwoman](/source/Catwoman) (a [cat burglar](/source/Burglary) anti-heroine who is variously an ally and romantic interest), [Two-Face](/source/Two-Face) (Harvey Dent), the [Penguin](/source/Penguin_(character)), the [Riddler](/source/Riddler), [Ra's al Ghul](/source/Ra's_al_Ghul), the [Scarecrow](/source/Scarecrow_(DC_Comics)), [Mr. Freeze](/source/Mr._Freeze), [Poison Ivy](/source/Poison_Ivy_(character)), [Harley Quinn](/source/Harley_Quinn), [Bane](/source/Bane_(DC_Comics)), [Clayface](/source/Clayface), and [Killer Croc](/source/Killer_Croc), among others. Many of Batman's adversaries are often psychiatric patients at [Arkham Asylum](/source/Arkham_Asylum).

### Allies

[Alfred Pennyworth](/source/Alfred_Pennyworth), Batman's loyal [butler](/source/Butler) and father figure, first appeared in *[Batman](/source/Batman_(comic_book))* #16 (1943). After Bruce Wayne's parents were killed, Alfred raised Bruce and became one of the few people to know his secret identity. He is often portrayed as a steadying presence in Bruce's life, offering both emotional support and practical assistance in Batman's crime-fighting endeavors. More than just a caretaker, Alfred is a trusted ally and sometimes sidekick, sharing [Wayne Manor](/source/Wayne_Manor) with Bruce and contributing to Batman's mission.[52]

One of Batman's most crucial allies is Commissioner [James Gordon](/source/Commissioner_Gordon). Their relationship is built on mutual respect and a shared commitment to justice in Gotham City. In *[Batman: Year One](/source/Batman%3A_Year_One)*, Gordon and Batman learn to trust each other, which transforms their efforts against crime into a more effective partnership. Gordon's perspective as a police officer complements Batman's vigilantism, allowing them to tackle Gotham's challenges together. Another important ally is the [Justice League](/source/Justice_League), which further emphasizes the importance of collaboration. Batman's relationship with Superman showcases how their contrasting ideologies can complement each other. In stories like *[World's Finest](/source/World's_Finest_Comics)*, their friendship highlights how Batman's methods benefit from Superman's optimism and strength.[54]

### Sidekicks

Main article: [Robin (character)](/source/Robin_(character))

Batman and [Robin](/source/Robin_(character)), art by [Jack Burnley](/source/Jack_Burnley)

Robin, Batman's vigilante partner, has been a widely recognized supporting character for many years; each iteration of the Robin character, of which there have been five in the mainstream continuity, function as members of the Batman family, but additionally, as Batman's "central" sidekick in various media.[55] Bill Finger stated that he wanted to include Robin because "Batman didn't have anyone to talk to, and it got a little tiresome always having him thinking."[56] The first Robin, [Dick Grayson](/source/Dick_Grayson), was introduced in 1940. In the 1970s he finally grew up, went off to college and became the hero [Nightwing](/source/Nightwing). A second Robin, [Jason Todd](/source/Jason_Todd) was introduced in the 1980s, following Dick Grayson's departure from the role. Initially impulsive and rebellious, Jason's tenure as Robin was controversial among fans. In 1988, DC held a fan vote to determine his fate in the iconic *[A Death in the Family](/source/A_Death_in_the_Family_(comics))* storyline, where the [Joker](/source/Joker_(character)) brutally beat Jason with a [crowbar](/source/Crowbar) and left him to die in an explosion. The fans voted for his death. However, Jason was later resurrected and returned as the antihero [Red Hood](/source/Red_Hood).[57]

The third Robin in the mainstream comics is [Tim Drake](/source/Tim_Drake), who first appeared in 1989. He went on to star in his own comic series, and goes by the name [Red Robin](/source/Red_Robin_(identity)), a variation on the traditional Robin persona. In the first decade of the new millennium, [Stephanie Brown](/source/Stephanie_Brown_(character)) served as the fourth in-universe Robin between stints as her self-made vigilante identity the Spoiler, and later as [Batgirl](/source/Batgirl).[58] After Brown's apparent death, Drake resumed the role of Robin for a time. The role eventually passed to [Damian Wayne](/source/Damian_Wayne), the 10-year-old son of Bruce Wayne and [Talia al Ghul](/source/Talia_al_Ghul), in the late 2000s.[59] Damian's tenure as Robin temporarily ended when the character was killed off in the pages of *[Batman Incorporated](/source/Batman_Incorporated)* in 2013.[60] He was brought back to life and returned to the role the next year. [61]

Batman's next young sidekick is [Harper Row](/source/Harper_Row), a streetwise young woman who avoids the name Robin but followed the [ornithological](/source/Ornithology) theme nonetheless; she debuted the codename and identity of the Bluebird in 2014. Unlike the Robins, the Bluebird is willing and permitted to use a gun, albeit [non-lethal](/source/Non-lethal_weapon); her weapon of choice is a modified rifle that fires taser rounds.[62] In 2015, a new series began titled *[We Are...Robin](/source/We_Are_Robin_(comic_book)),* focused on a group of teenagers using the Robin persona to fight crime in Gotham City. The most prominent of these, [Duke Thomas](/source/Duke_Thomas_(character)), later becomes Batman's crimefighting partner as The Signal.[63]

### Romantic interests

Batman's first [love interest](/source/Innamorati) was [Julie Madison](/source/Julie_Madison), an actress introduced in *[Detective Comics](/source/Detective_Comics)* #31 (1939), they ultimately got engaged, and later she left him due to his playboy persona.[64] Following *[The New 52](/source/The_New_52)* DC relaunch, the character was reintroduced as an artist whose father was a [gunrunner](/source/Arms_trafficking) involved in the death of Bruce's parents.[64] [Catwoman/Selina Kyle](/source/Catwoman) debuting in *[Batman](/source/Batman_(comic_book))* #1 (1940), during the [Golden Age of Comics](/source/Golden_Age_of_Comic_Books).[64] She was created in the pre–[Comics Code](/source/Comics_Code_Authority) era and portrayed as a "flirtatious and sensual" character to add a layer of [sex appeal](/source/Sexual_attraction) to Batman.[65] The two ultimately got engaged during the [*DC Rebirth*](/source/DC_Rebirth) relaunch.[64]

Another love interest is intrepid reporter [Vicki Vale](/source/Vicki_Vale), who debuted in *Batman* #49 (1948), and was inspired by [Superman](/source/Superman)’s love interest, reporter [Lois Lane](/source/Lois_Lane). Vicki frequently tried to prove that Bruce Wayne was Batman, but never succeeded.[64] This was followed by [Linda Page](/source/Linda_Page_(character)), who debuted in *Batman* #5 (1941) as a rich [socialite](/source/Socialite) turned nurse.[64] [Kathy Kane/Batwoman](/source/Kathy_Kane) debuted in *Detective Comics* #233 (1956) alongside her sister [Bette Kane](/source/Bette_Kane). Kathy was introduced as a love interest for Batman, following allegations of [homosexuality](/source/Homosexuality) between Batman and Robin.[64] The character was written out in the 1960s and returned in the 1970s to be killed by the [League of Assassins](/source/League_of_Assassins). Writer [Grant Morrison](/source/Grant_Morrison) later brought Kathy back into DC's [continuity](/source/Continuity_(fiction)) in *[Batman, Inc.](/source/Batman_Incorporated)*, as part of his attempts to [canonize](/source/Canonization) every Batman story, but she was ultimately [killed off](/source/Killing_off) again.[64]

[Talia al Ghul](/source/Talia_al_Ghul), introduced in *Detective Comics* #411 (1971) as the daughter of Batman's enemy [Ra's al Ghul](/source/Ra's_al_Ghul). Their love story resulted in the birth of [Damian Wayne](/source/Damian_Wayne), who would later become [Robin](/source/Robin_(character)).[64][66] [Natalia Knight/Nocturna](/source/Nocturna_(DC_Comics)), debuted in *Detective Comics* #529 (1983) as the leader of a criminal organization. She became Batman's love interest and later the adopted mother of [Jason Todd](/source/Jason_Todd). Nocturna was later killed by her former lover, [Night-Slayer](/source/Nightslayer), but returned in subsequent continuity.[64]

## Abilities

### Skills and training

Batman has no inherent superhuman powers; he relies on "his own scientific knowledge, detective skills, and athletic prowess".[67] Batman's inexhaustible wealth gives him access to advanced technologies, and as a proficient [scientist](/source/Scientist), he is able to use and modify these technologies to his advantage. In the stories, Batman is regarded as one of the world's greatest detectives, if not the world's greatest crime solver.[68] Batman has been repeatedly described as having a genius-level intellect, being one of the greatest martial artists in the DC Universe, and having peak human physical and mental conditioning.[69] As a [polymath](/source/Polymath), his knowledge and expertise in countless disciplines is nearly unparalleled by any other character in the DC Universe. He has shown prowess in assorted fields such as mathematics, biology, physics, chemistry, and several levels of engineering.[70] He has traveled the world acquiring the skills needed to aid him in his endeavors as Batman. In the *[Superman: Doomed](/source/Superman%3A_Doomed)* story arc, Superman considers Batman to be one of the most brilliant minds on the planet.[71]

Batman has trained extensively in various fighting styles, making him one of the best hand-to-hand fighters in the DC Universe. He possesses a [photographic memory](/source/Eidetic_memory),[72] and has fully utilized his [photographic memory](/source/Photographic_memory) to master a total of 127 forms of martial arts.[73] In terms of his physical condition, Batman is described as peak human and far beyond an Olympic-athlete-level condition, able to perform feats such as easily running across rooftops in a [Parkour](/source/Parkour)-esque fashion, pressing thousands of pounds regularly, and even bench pressing six hundred pounds of soil and coffin in a poisoned and starved state. Superman describes Batman as "the most dangerous man on Earth", able to defeat an entire team of superpowered extraterrestrials by himself in order to rescue his imprisoned teammates in Grant Morrison's first storyline in *JLA*.

Batman is strongly disciplined, and he has the ability to function under great physical pain and resist most forms of [telepathy](/source/Telepathy) and [mind control](/source/Brainwashing). He is a master of [disguise](/source/Disguise), multilingual, and an expert in [espionage](/source/Espionage), often gathering information under the identity of a notorious gangster named Matches Malone. Batman is highly skilled in stealth movement and [escapology](/source/Escapology), which allows him to appear and disappear at will and to break free of nearly inescapable [deathtraps](/source/Deathtrap_(plot_device)) with little to no harm. He is also a master strategist, considered DC's greatest tactician, with numerous plans in preparation for almost any eventuality.

Batman is an expert in [interrogation](/source/Interrogation) techniques and his [intimidating](/source/Intimidation) and frightening appearance alone is often all that is needed in getting information from suspects. Despite having the potential to harm his enemies, Batman's most defining characteristic is his strong commitment to justice and his reluctance to take a life. This unyielding moral rectitude has earned him the respect of several heroes in the DC Universe, most notably that of [Superman](/source/Superman) and [Wonder Woman](/source/Wonder_Woman).

Among physical and other crime fighting related training, he is also proficient at other types of skills. Some of these include being a licensed pilot (in order to operate the [Batplane](/source/Batplane)), as well as being able to operate other types of machinery. In some publications, he even underwent some magician training.

### Technology

Batman utilizes a vast arsenal of specialized, high-tech vehicles and gadgets in his war against crime, the designs of which usually share a bat motif. Batman historian [Les Daniels](/source/Les_Daniels) credits [Gardner Fox](/source/Gardner_Fox) with creating the concept of Batman's arsenal with the introduction of the utility belt in *Detective Comics* #29 (July 1939) and the first bat-themed weapons the [batarang](/source/Batarang) and the "Batgyro" in *Detective Comics* #31 and 32 (Sept. and October 1939).[74]

**Personal armor**

Main article: [Batsuit](/source/Batsuit)

Batman's [batsuit](/source/Batsuit) aids in his combat against enemies, having the properties of both [Kevlar](/source/Kevlar) and [Nomex](/source/Nomex). It protects him from gunfire and other significant impacts, and incorporates the imagery of a bat in order to frighten criminals.[75]

The details of the Batman costume change repeatedly through various decades, stories, media and artists' interpretations, but the most distinctive elements remain consistent: a scallop-hem cape; a cowl covering most of the face; a pair of bat-like ears; a stylized bat emblem on the chest; and the ever-present utility belt. His gloves typically feature three scallops that protrude from long, gauntlet-like cuffs, although in his earliest appearances he wore short, plain gloves without the scallops.[76] The overall look of the character, particularly the length of the cowl's ears and of the cape, varies greatly depending on the artist. Dennis O'Neil said, "We now say that Batman has two hundred suits hanging in the Batcave so they don't have to look the same ...Everybody loves to draw Batman, and everybody wants to put their own spin on it."[77]

Finger and Kane originally conceptualized Batman as having a black cape and cowl and grey suit, but conventions in coloring called for black to be highlighted with blue.[75] Hence, the costume's colors have appeared in the comics as dark blue and grey;[75] as well as black and grey. In the [Tim Burton](/source/Tim_Burton)'s *[Batman](/source/Batman_(1989_film))* and *[Batman Returns](/source/Batman_Returns)* films, Batman has been depicted as completely black with a bat in the middle surrounded by a yellow background. [Christopher Nolan](/source/Christopher_Nolan)'s *[The Dark Knight Trilogy](/source/The_Dark_Knight_Trilogy)* depicted Batman wearing high-tech gear painted completely black with a black bat in the middle. [Ben Affleck](/source/Ben_Affleck)'s Batman in the [DC Extended Universe](/source/DC_Extended_Universe) films wears a suit grey in color with a black cowl, cape, and bat symbol. Seemingly following the suit of the DC Extended Universe outfit, [Robert Pattinson](/source/Robert_Pattinson)'s uniform in *[The Batman](/source/The_Batman_(film))* restores the more traditional gray bodysuit and black appendage design, notably different from prior iterations by mostly utilizing real world armor and apparel pieces from modern military and motorcycle gear.

**Batmobile**

Main article: [Batmobile](/source/Batmobile)

The 1966 television Batmobile, built by [George Barris](/source/George_Barris_(auto_customizer)) from a [Lincoln Futura](/source/Lincoln_Futura) [concept car](/source/Concept_car)

Batman's primary vehicle is the [Batmobile](/source/Batmobile), which is usually depicted as an imposing black car, often with [tailfins](/source/Car_tailfin) that suggest a bat's wings.

Batman also has an aircraft called the [Batplane](/source/Batplane) (originally a relatively traditionally, but bat-motifed plane, later seen as the much more unique "Batwing" starting in [the 1989 film](/source/Batman_(1989_film))), along with various other means of transportation.

In proper practice, the "bat" prefix (as in Batmobile or batarang) is rarely used by Batman himself when referring to his equipment, particularly after some portrayals (primarily the 1960s [*Batman* live-action television show](/source/Batman_(TV_series)) and the *[Super Friends](/source/Super_Friends)* animated series) stretched the practice to [campy](/source/Camp_(style)) proportions. For example, the 1960s television show depicted a Batboat, [Bat-Sub](/source/Bat-Sub), and Batcycle, among other bat-themed vehicles. The 1960s television series Batman has an arsenal that includes such "bat-" names as the Bat-computer, Bat-scanner, bat-radar, bat-cuffs, bat-pontoons, bat-drinking water dispenser, bat-camera with polarized bat-filter, bat-[shark repellent](/source/Shark_repellent) bat-spray, and Bat-rope. The storyline "A Death in the Family" suggests that given Batman's grim nature, he is unlikely to have adopted the "bat" prefix on his own. In *[The Dark Knight Returns](/source/The_Dark_Knight_Returns)*, Batman tells [Carrie Kelley](/source/Carrie_Kelley) that the original Robin came up with the name "Batmobile" when he was young, since that is what a kid would call Batman's vehicle.

The Batmobile, which was before frequently depicted to resemble a [sports car](/source/Sports_car), was redesigned in 2011 when DC Comics [relaunched](/source/The_New_52) its entire line of comic books, with the Batmobile being given heavier armor and new aesthetics.

**Utility belt**

Main article: [Batman's utility belt](/source/Batman's_utility_belt)

Batman keeps most of his field equipment in his [utility belt](/source/Batman's_utility_belt). Over the years it has shown to contain an assortment of crime-fighting tools, weapons, and investigative and technological instruments. Different versions of the belt have these items stored in compartments, often as pouches or hard cylinders attached evenly around it.

Since [the 1989 film](/source/Batman_(1989_film)), Batman is often depicted as carrying a projectile which shoots a retractable grappling hook attached to a cable (before this, a he employed a traditionally thrown grappling hook.) This allows him to attach to distant objects, be propelled into the air, and thus swing from the rooftops of Gotham City.

An exception to the range of Batman's equipment are hand [guns](/source/Gun), which he refuses to use on principle, since a gun was used in his parents' murder. In modern stories in terms of his vehicles, Batman compromises on that principle to install weapon systems on them for the purpose of non-lethally disabling other vehicles, forcing entry into locations and attacking dangerous targets too large to defeat by other means.

**Bat-Signal**

Main article: [Bat-Signal](/source/Bat-Signal)

When Batman is needed, the Gotham City police activate a [searchlight](/source/Searchlight) with a bat-shaped insignia over the lens called the Bat-Signal, which shines into the night sky, creating a bat-symbol on a passing cloud which can be seen from any point in Gotham. The origin of the signal varies, depending on the continuity and medium.

In various incarnations, most notably the 1960s [*Batman* TV series](/source/Batman_(TV_series)), Commissioner Gordon also has a dedicated phone line, dubbed the Bat-Phone, connected to a bright red telephone (in the TV series) which sits on a wooden base and has a transparent top. The line connects directly to Batman's residence, [Wayne Manor](/source/Wayne_Manor), specifically both to a similar phone sitting on the desk in Bruce Wayne's study and the extension phone in the Batcave.

**Batcave**

Main article: [Batcave](/source/Batcave)

The Batcave is Batman's secret headquarters, consisting of a series of caves beneath his mansion, [Wayne Manor](/source/Wayne_Manor). As his command center, the Batcave serves multiple purposes; supercomputer, surveillance, redundant power-generators, forensics lab, medical infirmary, private study, training dojo, fabrication workshop, arsenal, hangar and garage. It houses the vehicles and equipment Batman uses in his campaign to fight crime. It is also a trophy room and storage facility for Batman's unique memorabilia collected over the years from various cases he has worked on.

In both the comic book *[Batman: Shadow of the Bat](/source/Batman%3A_Shadow_of_the_Bat)* #45 and the 2005 film *[Batman Begins](/source/Batman_Begins)*, the cave is said to have been part of the [Underground Railroad](/source/Underground_Railroad).

## Fictional character biography

Batman's history has undergone many [retroactive continuity](/source/Retroactive_continuity) revisions, both minor and major. Elements of the character's history have varied greatly. Scholars [William Uricchio](/source/William_Uricchio) and Roberta E. Pearson noted in the early 1990s, "Unlike some fictional characters, the Batman has no primary urtext set in a specific period, but has rather existed in a plethora of equally valid texts constantly appearing over more than five decades."[78]

### 20th century

#### Origin

Main article: [Origin of Batman](/source/Origin_of_Batman)

[Thomas](/source/Thomas_Wayne) and [Martha Wayne](/source/Martha_Wayne) are shot by [Joe Chill](/source/Joe_Chill) in *Detective Comics* #33 (November 1939), art by Bob Kane

Batman's [origin](/source/Origin_story)[37] comes from how as a young boy he watched his parents, the physician Dr. [Thomas Wayne](/source/Thomas_Wayne) and his wife [Martha](/source/Martha_Wayne), be murdered with a gun by a mugger named [Joe Chill](/source/Joe_Chill). This event drove him to train his body to its peak condition and fight crime in [Gotham City](/source/Gotham_City) as Batman. Pearson and Uricchio also noted beyond the origin story and such events as the introduction of Robin, "Until recently, the fixed and accruing and hence, canonized, events have been few in number",[37] a situation altered by an increased effort by later Batman editors such as Dennis O'Neil to ensure consistency and continuity between stories.[79]

#### Golden Age

See also: [Batman (Earth-Two)](/source/Batman_(Earth-Two))

In Batman's first appearance in *Detective Comics* #27, he is already operating as a crime-fighter.[80] Batman's origin is first presented in *Detective Comics* #33 (November 1939) and is later expanded upon in *Batman* #47. As these comics state, Bruce Wayne is born to Dr. Thomas Wayne and his wife Martha, two very wealthy and charitable [Gotham City](/source/Gotham_City) socialites. Bruce is brought up in [Wayne Manor](/source/Wayne_Manor), and leads a happy and privileged existence until the age of 8, when his parents are killed by a small-time criminal named [Joe Chill](/source/Joe_Chill) while on their way home from a movie theater. That night, Bruce Wayne swears an oath to spend his life fighting crime. He engages in intense intellectual and physical training; however, he realizes that these skills alone would not be enough. When a [bat](/source/Bat) flies through his window, Bruce decides to create the Batman persona so that criminals will fear him.[81]

In early strips, Batman's career as a vigilante earns him the ire of the police. During this period, Bruce Wayne has a fiancé named [Julie Madison](/source/Julie_Madison).[82] In *Detective Comics* #38, Wayne takes in an orphaned circus acrobat, [Dick Grayson](/source/Dick_Grayson), who becomes his vigilante partner, [Robin](/source/Robin_(character)). Batman also becomes a founding member of the [Justice Society of America](/source/Justice_Society_of_America),[83] although he, like Superman, is an honorary member,[84] and thus only participates occasionally. Batman's relationship with the law thaws quickly, and he is made an honorary member of [Gotham City's police department](/source/Gotham_City_Police_Department).[85] During this time, [Alfred Pennyworth](/source/Alfred_Pennyworth) arrives at Wayne Manor, and after deducing the Dynamic Duo's secret identities, joins their service as their butler.[86]

#### Silver Age

The [Silver Age of Comic Books](/source/Silver_Age_of_Comic_Books) in DC Comics is sometimes held to have begun in 1956 when the publisher introduced [Barry Allen](/source/Barry_Allen) as a new, updated version of the [Flash](/source/Flash_(DC_Comics_character)). Batman is not significantly changed by the late 1950s for the continuity which would be later referred to as [Earth-One](/source/Earth-One). The lighter tone Batman had taken in the period between the Golden and Silver Ages led to the stories of the late 1950s and early 1960s that often feature many science-fiction elements, and Batman is not significantly updated in the manner of other characters until *Detective Comics* #327 (May 1964), in which Batman reverts to his detective roots, with most science-fiction elements jettisoned from the series.

After the introduction of DC Comics' [Multiverse](/source/Multiverse_(DC_Comics)) in the 1960s, DC established that stories from the Golden Age star the [Earth-Two Batman](/source/Batman_(Earth-Two)), a character from a parallel world. This version of Batman partners with and marries the reformed Earth-Two Catwoman (Selina Kyle). The two have a daughter, [Helena Wayne](/source/Huntress_(Helena_Wayne)), who becomes the Huntress. She assumes the position as Gotham's protector along with Dick Grayson, the [Earth-Two Robin](/source/Robin_(Earth-Two)), once Bruce Wayne retires to become police commissioner. Wayne holds the position of police commissioner until he is killed during one final adventure as Batman. Batman titles, however, often ignored that a distinction had been made between the pre-revamp and post-revamp Batmen (since unlike the Flash or [Green Lantern](/source/Green_Lantern), Batman comics had been published without interruption through the 1950s) and would occasionally make reference to stories from the Golden Age.[87] Nevertheless, details of Batman's history were altered or expanded upon through the decades. Additions include meetings with a future Superman during his youth, his upbringing by his uncle Philip Wayne (introduced in *Batman* #208 (February 1969)) after his parents' death, and appearances of his father and himself as prototypical versions of Batman and Robin, respectively.[88][89] In 1980, then-editor [Paul Levitz](/source/Paul_Levitz) commissioned the *Untold Legend of the Batman* [miniseries](/source/Limited_series_(comics)) to thoroughly chronicle Batman's origin and history.

Batman meets and regularly works with other heroes during the Silver Age, most notably Superman, whom he began regularly working alongside in a series of team-ups in *[World's Finest Comics](/source/World's_Finest_Comics)*, starting in 1954 and continuing through the series' cancellation in 1986. Batman and Superman are usually depicted as close friends. As a founding member of the [Justice League](/source/Justice_League) of America, Batman appears in its first story, in 1960's *[The Brave and the Bold](/source/The_Brave_and_the_Bold)* #28. In the 1970s and 1980s, *The Brave and the Bold* became a Batman title, in which Batman teams up with a different [DC Universe](/source/DC_Universe) superhero each month.

#### Bronze Age

In 1969, Dick Grayson attends college as part of DC Comics' effort to revise the Batman comics. Additionally, Batman also moves from his mansion, [Wayne Manor](/source/Wayne_Manor) into a [penthouse apartment](/source/Penthouse_apartment) atop the Wayne Foundation building in downtown Gotham City, in order to be closer to Gotham City's crime. In 1974's "Night of the Stalker" storyline, a diploma on the wall reveals Bruce Wayne as a graduate of [Yale Law School](/source/Yale_Law_School).[90] Batman spends the 1970s and early 1980s mainly working solo, with occasional team-ups with Robin or Batgirl. Batman's adventures also become somewhat darker and more grim during this period, depicting increasingly violent crimes, including the first appearance (since the early Golden Age) of the Joker as a homicidal [psychopath](/source/Psychopathy), and the arrival of [Ra's al Ghul](/source/Ra's_al_Ghul), a centuries-old terrorist who knows Batman's secret identity. In the 1980s, Dick Grayson becomes [Nightwing](/source/Nightwing).[91]

In the final issue of *The Brave and the Bold* in 1983, Batman quits the Justice League and forms a new group called the [Outsiders](/source/Outsiders_(comics)). He serves as the team's leader until *Batman and the Outsiders* #32 (1986) and the comic subsequently changed its title.

#### Modern Age

After the 12-issue [miniseries](/source/Limited_series_(comics)) *Crisis on Infinite Earths*, DC Comics [retconned](/source/Retroactive_continuity) the histories of some major characters in an attempt at updating them for contemporary audiences. Frank Miller retold Batman's origin in the storyline "[Year One](/source/Batman%3A_Year_One)" from *Batman* #404–407, which emphasizes a grittier tone in the character.[92] Though the Earth-Two Batman is erased from history, many stories of Batman's Silver Age/Earth-One career (along with an amount of Golden Age ones) remain canonical in the post-*Crisis* universe, with his origins remaining the same in essence, despite alteration. For example, Gotham's police are mostly corrupt, setting up further need for Batman's existence. The guardian Phillip Wayne is removed, leaving young Bruce to be raised by Alfred Pennyworth. Additionally, Batman is no longer a founding member of the Justice League of America, although he becomes leader for a short time of a new incarnation of the team launched in 1987. To help fill in the revised backstory for Batman following *Crisis*, DC launched a new Batman title called *[Legends of the Dark Knight](/source/Legends_of_the_Dark_Knight)* in 1989 and has published various miniseries and one-shot stories since then that largely take place during the "Year One" period.[93]

Subsequently, Batman begins exhibiting an excessive, reckless approach to his crimefighting, a result of the pain of losing [Jason Todd](/source/Jason_Todd). Batman works solo until the decade's close, when [Tim Drake](/source/Tim_Drake) becomes the new Robin.[94]

Many of the major Batman storylines since the 1990s have been intertitle crossovers that run for a number of issues. In 1993, DC published "[Knightfall](/source/Batman%3A_Knightfall)". During the storyline's first phase, the new villain Bane paralyzes Batman, leading Wayne to ask [Azrael](/source/Jean-Paul_Valley) to take on the role. After the end of "Knightfall", the storylines split in two directions, following both the Azrael-Batman's adventures, and Bruce Wayne's quest to become Batman once more. The story arcs realign in "KnightsEnd", as Azrael becomes increasingly violent and is defeated by a healed Bruce Wayne. Wayne hands the Batman mantle to Dick Grayson (then Nightwing) for an interim period, while Wayne trains for a return to the role.[95]

The 1994 company-wide crossover storyline *[Zero Hour: Crisis in Time!](/source/Zero_Hour%3A_Crisis_in_Time!)* changes aspects of DC continuity again, including those of Batman. Noteworthy among these changes is that the general populace and the criminal element now consider Batman an urban legend rather than a known force.

Batman once again becomes a member of the [Justice League](/source/Justice_League) during Grant Morrison's 1996 relaunch of the series, titled *JLA*. During this time, Gotham City faces catastrophe in the decade's closing crossover arc. In 1998's "[Cataclysm](/source/Batman%3A_Cataclysm)" storyline, Gotham City is devastated by an earthquake and ultimately cut off from the United States. Deprived of many of his technological resources, Batman fights to reclaim the city from legions of gangs during 1999's "[No Man's Land](/source/No_Man's_Land_(comics))".

Meanwhile, Batman's relationship with the Gotham City Police Department changed for the worse with the events of "Batman: Officer Down" and "Batman: War Games/War Crimes"; Batman's long-time law enforcement allies Commissioner Gordon and [Harvey Bullock](/source/Harvey_Bullock_(character)) are forced out of the police department in "Officer Down", while "War Games" and "War Crimes" saw Batman become a wanted fugitive after a contingency plan of his to neutralize Gotham City's criminal underworld is accidentally triggered, resulting in a massive gang war that ends with [Black Mask](/source/Black_Mask_(character)) becoming the undisputed ruler of the city's criminal gangs. [Lex Luthor](/source/Lex_Luthor) arranges for the murder of Batman's on-again, off-again love interest Vesper Fairchild (introduced in the mid-1990s) during the "Bruce Wayne: Murderer?" and "[Bruce Wayne: Fugitive](/source/Bruce_Wayne%3A_Fugitive)" story arcs. Though Batman is able to clear his name, he loses another ally in the form of his new bodyguard [Sasha Bordeaux](/source/Sasha_Bordeaux), who is recruited into the organization [Checkmate](/source/Checkmate_(comics)) while stuck in prison due to her refusal to turn state's evidence against her employer. While he was unable to prove that Luthor was behind the murder of Vesper, Batman does get his revenge with help from [Talia al Ghul](/source/Talia_al_Ghul) in *[Superman/Batman](/source/Superman%2FBatman)* #1–6.

### 21st century

#### 2000s

DC Comics' 2005 [miniseries](/source/Limited_series_(comics)) *[Identity Crisis](/source/Identity_Crisis_(DC_Comics))* reveals that JLA member [Zatanna](/source/Zatanna) had edited Batman's memories to prevent him from stopping the Justice League from [lobotomizing](/source/Lobotomy) [Dr. Light](/source/Doctor_Light_(Arthur_Light)) after he raped [Sue Dibny](/source/Sue_Dibny). Batman later creates the satellite surveillance system Brother Eye to watch over and, if necessary, kill the other heroes after he remembered. The revelation of Batman's creation and his tacit responsibility for [Blue Beetle](/source/Ted_Kord)'s death becomes a driving force in the lead-up to the *[Infinite Crisis](/source/Infinite_Crisis)* miniseries, which again restructures DC continuity. Batman and a team of superheroes destroy Brother Eye and the [OMACs](/source/OMACs), though, at the very end, Batman reaches his apparent breaking point when [Alexander Luthor Jr.](/source/Alexander_Luthor_Jr.) seriously wounds Nightwing. Picking up a gun, Batman nearly shoots Luthor in order to avenge his former sidekick, until Wonder Woman convinces him to not pull the trigger.

Following *Infinite Crisis*, Bruce Wayne, Dick Grayson (having recovered from his wounds), and Tim Drake retrace the steps Bruce had taken when he originally left Gotham City, to "rebuild Batman".[96] In the *[Face the Face](/source/Batman%3A_Face_the_Face)* storyline, Batman and Robin return to Gotham City after their year-long absence. Part of this absence is captured during Week 30 of the *[52](/source/52_(comics))* series, which shows Batman fighting his inner demons.[97] Later on in *52*, Batman is shown undergoing an intense [meditation](/source/Transcendental_meditation) ritual in [Nanda Parbat](/source/Nanda_Parbat). This becomes an important part of the regular *Batman* title, which reveals that Batman is reborn as a more effective crime fighter while undergoing this ritual, having "hunted down and ate" the last traces of fear in his mind.[98][99] At the end of the "Face the Face" story arc, Bruce officially adopts Tim (who had lost both of his parents at various points in the character's history) as his son.[100] The follow-up story arc in *Batman*, *[Batman and Son](/source/Batman_and_Son)*, introduces [Damian Wayne](/source/Damian_Wayne), who is Batman's son with [Talia al Ghul](/source/Talia_al_Ghul). Although originally, in *[Batman: Son of the Demon](/source/Batman%3A_Son_of_the_Demon)*, Bruce's coupling with Talia was implied to be consensual, this arc retconned it into Talia forcing herself on Bruce.[101]

Batman, along with Superman and Wonder Woman, reforms the Justice League in the new *Justice League of America* series,[102] and is leading the newest incarnation of the [Outsiders](/source/Outsiders_(comics)).[103]

[Grant Morrison](/source/Grant_Morrison)'s 2008 storyline, "[Batman R.I.P.](/source/Batman_R.I.P.)" featured Batman being physically and mentally broken by the enigmatic villain [Doctor Hurt](/source/Simon_Hurt) and attracted news coverage in advance of its highly promoted conclusion, which would speculated to feature the death of Bruce Wayne.[104] However, though Batman is shown to possibly perish at the end of the arc, the two-issue arc "Last Rites", which leads into the crossover storyline "[Final Crisis](/source/Final_Crisis)", shows that Batman survives his helicopter crash into the Gotham City River and returns to the Batcave, only to be summoned to the Hall of Justice by the JLA to help investigate the [New God](/source/New_Gods) [Orion](/source/Orion_(character))'s death. The story ends with Batman retrieving the god-killing bullet used to kill Orion, setting up its use in "Final Crisis".[105] In the pages of *Final Crisis* Batman is reduced to a charred skeleton.[106] In *Final Crisis* #7, Wayne is shown witnessing the death of the first man, [Anthro](/source/Anthro_(comics)).[107][108] Wayne's "death" sets up the three-issue *[Battle for the Cowl](/source/Batman%3A_Battle_for_the_Cowl)* miniseries in which Wayne's ex-proteges compete for the "right" to assume the role of Batman, which concludes with Grayson becoming Batman,[109] while Tim Drake takes on the identity of the [Red Robin](/source/Red_Robin_(identity)).[110] Dick and Damian continue as Batman and Robin, and in the crossover storyline "[Blackest Night](/source/Blackest_Night)", what appears to be Wayne's corpse is reanimated as a [Black Lantern](/source/Black_Lantern_Corps) [zombie](/source/Zombie),[111] but is later shown that the corpse is one of Darkseid's failed Batman clones. Dick and Batman's other friends conclude that Bruce is alive.[112][113]

#### 2010s

Bruce subsequently returned in Morrison's miniseries *[Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne](/source/Batman%3A_The_Return_of_Bruce_Wayne)*, which depicted his travels through time from [prehistory](/source/Prehistory) to present-day Gotham.[114][115][116] Bruce's return set up *[Batman Incorporated](/source/Batman_Incorporated)*, an ongoing series which focused on Wayne franchising the Batman identity across the globe, allowing Dick and Damian to continue as Gotham's Dynamic Duo. Bruce publicly announced that Wayne Enterprises will aid Batman on his mission, known as "Batman, Incorporated". However, due to rebooted continuity that occurred as part of DC Comics' 2011 relaunch of all of its comic books, *[The New 52](/source/The_New_52)*, Dick Grayson was restored as Nightwing with Wayne serving as the sole Batman once again. The relaunch also interrupted the publication of *Batman, Incorporated*, which resumed its story in 2012–2013 with changes to suit the new status quo.

### The New 52

During *The New 52*, all of DC's continuity was reset and the timeline was changed, making Batman the first superhero to emerge. This emergence took place during *Zero Year*, where Bruce Wayne returns to Gotham and becomes Batman, fighting the original Red Hood[117] and the Riddler.[118] In the present day, Batman discovers the [Court of Owls](/source/Court_of_Owls), a secret organization operating in Gotham for decades.[119] Batman somewhat defeats the Court by defeating Owlman,[120] although the Court continues to operate on a smaller scale.[121] The Joker returns after losing the skin on his face (as shown in the opening issue of the second volume of *Detective Comics*) and attempts to kill the Batman's allies, though he is stopped by Batman.[122] After some time, Joker returns again, and both he and Batman die while fighting each other. [Jim Gordon](/source/Commissioner_Gordon) temporarily becomes Batman, using a high-tech suit, while it is revealed that an amnesiac Bruce Wayne is still alive.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] Gordon attempts to fight a new villain called [Mr. Bloom](/source/Mr._Bloom), while Wayne, regains his memories with the help of [Alfred Pennyworth](/source/Alfred_Pennyworth) and [Julie Madison](/source/Julie_Madison). Once with his memories, Wayne becomes Batman again and defeats Bloom with the help of Gordon.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*]

### DC Rebirth

Batman on the variant cover of *Detective Comics*#1000 (May 2019). Art by [Jason Fabok](/source/Jason_Fabok).

The timeline was reset again during *Rebirth*, although no significant changes were made to the Batman mythos. [*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] Batman meets two new superheroes operating in Gotham named Gotham and Gotham Girl. [Psycho-Pirate](/source/Psycho-Pirate) gets into Gotham's head and turns against Batman, and is finally defeated when he is killed. This event is very traumatic for Gotham Girl and she begins to lose her sanity.[123]

Batman forms his own [Suicide Squad](/source/Suicide_Squad), including Catwoman, and attempts to take down [Bane](/source/Bane_(DC_Comics)). The mission is successful, and Batman breaks Bane's back.[124] Batman proposes to Catwoman.

After healing from his wounds, an angry Bane travels to Gotham, where he fights Batman and loses.[125] Batman then tells Catwoman about the War of Jokes and Riddles, and she agrees to marry him.[126] Bane takes control of Arkham Asylum and manipulates Catwoman into leaving Wayne before the wedding.[127] This causes Wayne to become very angry, and, as Batman, lashes out against criminals, nearly killing Mr. Freeze.[128]

Batman learns of Bane's control over Arkham and teams up with the Penguin to stop him.[129] Bane captures Batman, and Scarecrow causes him to hallucinate, although he eventually breaks free.[130] Batman escapes and reunites with Catwoman, while Bane captures and kills Alfred Pennyworth. Batman returns and defeats Bane, although too late to save Alfred. Gotham Girl prompts him to marry Catwoman.[131]

It is revealed that the Joker who was working for Bane was [Clayface](/source/Clayface) in disguise. The real Joker has been plotting a master plan to take over Gotham. This plan comes to fruition during *The Joker War*, in which Joker takes over the city. Batman defeats the Joker who vanishes after an explosion.[132] [Ghost-Maker](/source/Ghost-Maker), an enemy from Batman's past, appears in Gotham, and, after a battle, becomes a sort of ally to Batman.[133] A new group called the Magistrate rises up in Gotham, led by Simon Saint, whose goal is to outlaw vigilantes such as Batman. At the same time, Scarecrow returns,[134] fighting Batman. During *Fear State*, Batman battles and defeats both Scarecrow and the Magistrate's Peacekeepers.

## Other versions

Main article: [Alternative versions of Batman](/source/Alternative_versions_of_Batman)

The character of Batman has been portrayed in numerous alternative versions across various media since his debut in 1939. These adaptations explore different facets and interpretations of the character.

In *[Smallville](/source/Smallville)*, Bruce Wayne adopts the Batman persona in 2001, later teaming up with Superman and other superheroes.[135] [Frank Miller](/source/Frank_Miller)'s influential series, "[The Dark Knight Returns](/source/The_Dark_Knight_Returns)", reimagines Batman as an older, more hardened vigilante, coming out of retirement to fight crime in a dystopian future.[136]

In the *[Injustice: Gods Among Us](/source/Injustice%3A_Gods_Among_Us)* universe, Batman leads a resistance against a tyrannical Superman who has taken control of Earth.

The [*DC Bombshells*](/source/DC_Comics_Bombshells) series sets Batman in a [World War II](/source/World_War_II)-era context, with Bruce Wayne taking inspiration from Batwoman to become the masked hero. The "Dark Multiverse" introduces various twisted versions of Batman, such as [The Batman Who Laughs](/source/The_Batman_Who_Laughs), a hybrid of Batman and the Joker, and Red Death, a fusion of Batman and the Flash.

Other notable reimaginings include *[JLA/Avengers](/source/JLA%2FAvengers)*, where Batman appears in a crossover with [Marvel's Avengers](/source/Avengers_(comics)); [Stan Lee](/source/Stan_Lee)'s [*Just Imagine*](/source/Just_Imagine...), which offers a completely different origin for Batman; and [*Kingdom Come*](/source/Kingdom_Come_(comics)), where an older Batman operates in a dystopian future alongside other aged superheroes.

In *Superman: American Alien*, Bruce Wayne's journey is retold with significant differences, and *[Batman: White Knight](/source/Batman%3A_White_Knight)* explores a reality where the Joker is cured of his insanity and seeks to expose Batman as the true villain of Gotham. These various adaptations and reinterpretations highlight the versatility and enduring appeal of Batman as a character, allowing for a rich exploration of his mythology across different narratives and settings.

## In popular culture

Main article: [Batman in popular culture](/source/Batman_in_popular_culture)

Batman has ascended to the status of a [global pop culture](/source/Popular_culture) phenomenon, transcending his origins in comic books. His influence expanded notably with the release of the 1989 film, which propelled him to the forefront of public consciousness through widespread merchandising. *[The Guardian](/source/The_Guardian)* describes Batman as emblematic of the constant reinvention characteristic of modern mass culture, embodying both iconic status and commercial appeal, making him a quintessential cultural artifact of the 21st century.[137]

### Media appearances

Main article: [*Batman* (franchise)](/source/Batman_(franchise))

Apart from comics, Batman's presence spans various mediums, including newspapers, radio dramas, television, stage, and film. From the 1940s serials to contemporary TV shows like *[Gotham](/source/Gotham_(TV_series))* and *[Titans](/source/Titans_(2018_TV_series))*, Batman's legacy endures. Celebrating the character's 75th anniversary, Warner Bros released *[Batman: Strange Days](/source/Batman%3A_Strange_Days)*, showcasing his timeless appeal.[138]

In September 2024, Batman became the first superhero to be given a star on the [Hollywood Walk of Fame](/source/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame). It was the 2,790th star.[139]

#### Criticism

Batman has been criticized by fans for the extreme changes in tone and style between different iterations of the character in the franchise.[140]

### Different interpretations

Further information: [Homosexuality in the Batman franchise](/source/Homosexuality_in_the_Batman_franchise) and [Batman in popular culture § Psychological interpretation](/source/Batman_in_popular_culture#Psychological_interpretation)

Gay interpretations of Batman have been studied academically since psychologist [Fredric Wertham](/source/Fredric_Wertham)'s claims in 1954.[141] Andy Medhurst and Will Brooker have explored Batman's appeal to gay audiences and the validity of a queer reading.[142] Meanwhile, in [psychological](/source/Psychology) interpretations, Dr. Travis Langley sees Batman as representing the "shadow archetype", confronting inner darkness to fight evil, according to Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell's theories. Langley's analysis adds depth to Batman's psychological complexity.[143]

## Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Finger was not credited in official materials until 2015.[2][3]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Sometimes referred to as "the Batman" and originally stylized as **The Bat-Man**

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Debut2_1-0)** Zalben, Alex (March 28, 2014). ["When Is Batman's Birthday, Actually?"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140726083747/http://www.mtv.com/news/1725027/batman-75th-anniversary-birthday-date/). *[MTV News](/source/MTV_News)*. New York City: [Viacom](/source/Viacom_(2005%E2%80%93present)). Archived from [the original](http://www.mtv.com/news/1725027/batman-75th-anniversary-birthday-date/) on July 26, 2014. Retrieved August 9, 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FingerSep2015_2-0)** ["DC Entertainment To Give Classic Batman Writer Credit in 'Gotham' and 'Batman v Superman' (Exclusive)"](https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572). *Hollywood Reporter*. September 18, 2015. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20151022181821/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/dc-entertainment-give-classic-batman-824572) from the original on October 22, 2015. Retrieved September 21, 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FingerOct2015_3-0)** Sims, Chris (October 21, 2015). ["Bill Finger Has A Creator Credit On This Week's Batman Comics"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114836/http://comicsalliance.com/bill-finger-batman-comics-credit/). *Comics Alliance*. Archived from [the original](http://comicsalliance.com/bill-finger-batman-comics-credit/) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 21, 2015.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** [https://www.cbr.com/when-we-first-met-when-did-bruce-wayne-become-a-billionaire-playboy/](https://www.cbr.com/when-we-first-met-when-did-bruce-wayne-become-a-billionaire-playboy/)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Colucci, Brian (January 19, 2025). ["Batman Has a New Batmobile and Honestly? It Shows Why Bruce Wayne Is DC's Flagship Hero"](https://screenrant.com/batman-new-batmobile-rc-car-inspiration-factoid/). *ScreenRant*. Retrieved February 9, 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Kurten, Guillermo; Raley, Christopher (November 19, 2023). ["How to Start Reading Batman Comics"](https://www.cbr.com/batman-dc-comics-reading-guide/). *CBR*. Retrieved February 9, 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Gayen, Sayantan (August 18, 2021). ["*I Am Batman* #0 Comic review"](https://www.cbr.com/i-am-batman-0-comic-review/). *[Comic Book Resources](/source/Comic_Book_Resources)*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220306043503/https://www.cbr.com/i-am-batman-0-comic-review/) from the original on March 6, 2022. Retrieved August 19, 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Best-selling comic books of all time"](https://www.statista.com/statistics/583041/best-selling-comic-books/). *[Statista](/source/Statista)*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180405153001/https://www.statista.com/statistics/583041/best-selling-comic-books/) from the original on April 5, 2018. Retrieved April 4, 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999), p. 18

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** [Steranko, Jim](/source/Jim_Steranko). *The Steranko History of Comics 1*. Reading, PA: Supergraphics, 1970. ([ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-517-50188-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-517-50188-7))

1. **[^](#cite_ref-creation_13-0)** Kane, Andrae, p. 44.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoichel19916–7_14-0)** [Boichel (1991)](#CITEREFBoichel1991), pp. 6–7.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** [Daniels (2004)](#CITEREFDaniels2004), p. 31

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999), pp. 147, 149

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_17-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_17-1) Wright, p. 267.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-harvp|Daniels|1999|p=161_18-0)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999), p. 161

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999), pp. 161, 163

1. **[^](#cite_ref-nerd_20-0)** [Weldon, Glen](/source/Glen_Weldon) (2016). *The Caped Crusade: Batman and the Rise of Nerd Culture*. [Simon & Schuster](/source/Simon_%26_Schuster). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-4767-5669-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4767-5669-1).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-comics.ign.com2_21-0)** Phillips, Dan (August 8, 2009). ["Grant Morrison's New Batman and Robin"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120609172555/http://comics.ign.com/articles/986/986031p1.html). *IGN*. Archived from [the original](http://comics.ign.com/articles/986/986031p1.html) on June 9, 2012. Retrieved August 8, 2009.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Interview2_22-0)** George, Richard (March 11, 2009). ["Morrison discusses *Batman and Robin*"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120305225820/http://comics.ign.com/articles/961/961488p1.html). *IGN*. Archived from [the original](http://comics.ign.com/articles/961/961488p1.html) on March 5, 2012. Retrieved August 6, 2009.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-23)** ["Batman | Official DC Character"](https://www.dc.com/characters/batman). *DC*. Retrieved June 25, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-24)** [Dennis O'Neil](/source/Dennis_O'Neil), *Batman: Knightfall*. 1994, [Bantam Books](/source/Bantam_Books). [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-553-09673-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-553-09673-6)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-25)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999)[*[page needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources)*]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-26)** [Pearson & Uricchio (1991)](#CITEREFPearsonUricchio1991), p. 202

1. **[^](#cite_ref-27)** Lewis, Andrew (January 3, 2017). ["Batman: 15 Things You Didn't Know About Bruce Wayne"](https://screenrant.com/bruce-wayne-batman-trivia-facts/). *ScreenRant*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190513132756/https://screenrant.com/bruce-wayne-batman-trivia-facts/) from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved December 2, 2021.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Inc0_28-0)** [Morrison, Grant](/source/Grant_Morrison) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))). *[Batman Incorporated](/source/Batman_Incorporated)*, vol. 2, no. 0 (September 2012). DC Comics.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Bruce_Wayne_religion_29-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Bruce_Wayne_religion_29-1) ["DC Remembers Batman Is Jewish, Best-Selling Comic Of 2023 Revealed, Matt Bors Relaunches The Toxic Avenger"](https://comicbookclublive.com/2024/02/28/dc-remembers-batman-is-jewish-best-selling-comic-of-2023-revealed-matt-bors-relaunches-the-toxic-avenger-comic-book-club-news-for-february-28-2024/). *Comic Book Club News date*. February 28, 2024. Retrieved March 3, 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-30)** *The Penguin* #7 (2024)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-31)** *Batman* #53 (2018)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeatty200551_32-0)** [Beatty (2005)](#CITEREFBeatty2005), p. 51.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-33)** Aichele, G. (1997). "Rewriting Superman" in G. Aichele & T. Pippin (eds.), *The Monstrous and the Unspeakable: The Bible as Fantastic Literature*, pp. 75–101. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-34)** *Superman* vol. 2 #53

1. **[^](#cite_ref-35)** ["Holy Wisdom, Batman!: 24 Most Famous Batman Quotes"](https://brightdrops.com/batman-quotes). *brightdrops.com*. August 25, 2017. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190513135913/https://brightdrops.com/batman-quotes) from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-36)** Boucher, Geoff (August 13, 2010). ["Batman versus Superman as class warfare? Grant Morrison: 'Bruce has a butler, Clark has a boss'"](https://web.archive.org/web/20121015182152/http://herocomplex.latimes.com/2010/08/13/batman-versus-superman-as-class-warfare-bruce-has-a-butler-clark-has-a-boss/). *Los Angeles Times*. Archived from [the original](http://herocomplex.latimes.com/2010/08/13/batman-versus-superman-as-class-warfare-bruce-has-a-butler-clark-has-a-boss/) on October 15, 2012.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-37)** T. James Musler. 2006. *Unleashing the Superhero in Us All*.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-38)** Brooker, Will (2001). [*Batman Unmasked*](https://books.google.com/books?id=GNRreYO91ogC&q=Unmasking+Batman&pg=PA137). NY/London: Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 368. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8264-1343-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-1343-7). [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20210730122644/https://books.google.com/books?id=GNRreYO91ogC&q=Unmasking+Batman&pg=PA137) from the original on July 30, 2021. Retrieved November 8, 2020.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-pearson_pg_186_39-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-pearson_pg_186_39-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-pearson_pg_186_39-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-pearson_pg_186_39-3) Pearson; Uricchio. "'I'm Not Fooled By That Cheap Disguise.'" p. 186.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-40)** Pearson; Uricchio. "Notes from the Batcave: An Interview with Dennis O'Neil" p. 23.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-41)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999), p. 31

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ReferenceA_42-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ReferenceA_42-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-ReferenceA_42-2) *Detective Comics* #33 (November 1939), Bill Finger, Bob Kane

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-ReferenceB_43-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-ReferenceB_43-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-ReferenceB_43-2) *Batman* #1 (spring 1940), Bill Finger, Bob Kane

1. **[^](#cite_ref-44)** Lewis, Andrew (January 3, 2017). ["Batman: 15 Things You Didn't Know About Bruce Wayne"](https://screenrant.com/bruce-wayne-batman-trivia-facts/). *ScreenRant*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190513132756/https://screenrant.com/bruce-wayne-batman-trivia-facts/) from the original on May 13, 2019. Retrieved May 13, 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-45)** Sharrett, Christopher. "Batman and the Twilight of the Idols: An Interview with Frank Miller". *The Many Lives of the Batman: Critical Approaches to a Superhero and His Media*. Routledge: London, 1991. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-85170-276-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85170-276-6), p. 44.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-46)** Pearson, p. 208.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-47)** Dennis O'Neil, Wizard Batman Special 1998

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Terrence_R._Wandtke_91_48-0)** Terrence R. Wandtke. *The Amazing Transforming Superhero!: Essays on the Revision of Characters on the Revision of Characters in Comic Books, Film and Television*. p. 91.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-dan42_49-0)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999), p. 42

1. **[^](#cite_ref-50)** Kane, Bob (1989). *Batman & Me: An Autobiography*. Andrae, Tom. Forestville, CA: Eclipse Books. p. 45. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-56060-017-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56060-017-9). [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [21114759](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/21114759).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-51)** Alex S. Romagnoli; Gian S. Pagnucci. *Enter the Superheroes: American Values, Culture, and the Canon of Superhero Literature*. p. 27.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-visual_52-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-visual_52-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-visual_52-2) "2000s". *DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle*. [Dorling Kindersley](/source/Dorling_Kindersley). 2010. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-7566-6742-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7566-6742-9).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-comics.ign.com_53-0)** Phillips, Dan (August 8, 2009). ["Grant Morrison's New Batman and Robin"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120609172555/http://comics.ign.com/articles/986/986031p1.html). *IGN*. Archived from [the original](http://comics.ign.com/articles/986/986031p1.html) on June 9, 2012. Retrieved August 8, 2009.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoichel19918_54-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoichel19918_54-1) [Boichel (1991)](#CITEREFBoichel1991), p. 8.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoichel19919_55-0)** [Boichel (1991)](#CITEREFBoichel1991), p. 9.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-56)** Kurten, Guillermo (January 14, 2024). ["Does Batman Work Better Alongside His Allies Or Alone?"](https://www.cbr.com/dc-batman-works-best-with-close-allies/). *CBR*. Retrieved October 21, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoichel19917_57-0)** [Boichel (1991)](#CITEREFBoichel1991), p. 7.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-58)** Langley, Travis (2012). *Batman and Psychology: A Dark and Stormy Knight*. John Wiley & Sons. p. 179.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-59)** Mills, Taylor (July 16, 2024). ["After 36 Years, DC Squeezes the Last Drop of Trauma from Jason Todd's Iconic Death"](https://screenrant.com/jason-todd-death-in-the-family-robin-lives-sheila-haywood/). *ScreenRant*. Retrieved October 21, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-60)** Langley, 180–210

1. **[^](#cite_ref-61)** Esposito, Joey (March 5, 2013). ["Why Damian Wayne is the Best Robin"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140301042547/http://www.ign.com/articles/2013/03/06/why-damian-wayne-is-the-best-robin). *IGN*. Archived from [the original](https://www.ign.com/articles/2013/03/06/why-damian-wayne-is-the-best-robin/) on March 1, 2014. Retrieved February 17, 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-62)** Saul, Josh (February 25, 2013). ["DC killing off Batman's 'Boy Wonder' Damian Wayne in new comic book"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140429184730/http://nypost.com/2013/02/25/dc-killing-off-batmans-boy-wonder-damian-wayne-in-new-comic-book/). *The New York Post*. Archived from [the original](https://nypost.com/2013/02/25/dc-killing-off-batmans-boy-wonder-damian-wayne-in-new-comic-book/) on April 29, 2014. Retrieved February 17, 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-63)** Tomasi, Peter; Gleason, Patrick; Kubert, Andy; Ryp, Juan Jose; Bertram, Ian; Gray, Mick; Glapion, Jonathan; Kalisz, John; Anderson, Brad (2015). *Batman and Robin. Volume 7: Robin rises*. Burbank, CA: DC Comics. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-4012-5677-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4012-5677-7).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-64)** Franich, Darren (February 12, 2014). ["Batman has a new female sidekick: Meet Bluebird"](https://web.archive.org/web/20140222134700/http://popwatch.ew.com/2014/02/12/batman-bluebird-female-robin/). Entertainment Weekly Popwatch. Archived from [the original](http://popwatch.ew.com/2014/02/12/batman-bluebird-female-robin/) on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 17, 2014.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-65)** Truitt, Brian. ["'We Are Robin' stars a movement of kid heroes"](https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/2015/03/09/we-are-robin-comic-book-exclusive/24635301/). *USA TODAY*. Retrieved October 21, 2024.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-loveinterest_66-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-loveinterest_66-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-loveinterest_66-2) [***d***](#cite_ref-loveinterest_66-3) [***e***](#cite_ref-loveinterest_66-4) [***f***](#cite_ref-loveinterest_66-5) [***g***](#cite_ref-loveinterest_66-6) [***h***](#cite_ref-loveinterest_66-7) [***i***](#cite_ref-loveinterest_66-8) [***j***](#cite_ref-loveinterest_66-9) Allan, Scoot; Harth, David (December 1, 2020). ["Batman: All of Bruce Wayne's major love interests (in chronological order)"](https://www.cbr.com/batman-bruce-wayne-major-love-interests-chronological-order/). *[CBR](/source/Comic_Book_Resources)*. Retrieved June 10, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-67)** Downey, Meg (June 7, 2017). ["Batman Loves Catwoman: The Complicated Romance Of The Bat & The Cat"](https://www.cbr.com/batman-catwoman-complicated-romance/). *CBR*. Retrieved January 6, 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-68)** Stone, Sam (January 28, 2021). ["Damian Wayne's Mother is a Major Player in Robin's New Series"](https://www.cbr.com/talia-al-ghul-major-player-robins-new-series/). *CBR*. Retrieved January 6, 2026.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Wright_p17_69-0)** Wright, p. 17.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-70)** Mike Conray, *500 Great Comicbook Action Heroes*. 2002, Collins & Brown. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-84411-004-9](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84411-004-9)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-71)** Greenberger, Robert (2008). *The Essential Batman Encyclopedia*. Del Rey Books. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-345-50106-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-345-50106-6).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-72)** [Grant Morrison](/source/Grant_Morrison) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [Howard Porter](/source/Howard_Porter_(artist)) ([p](/source/Penciller)). "War of the Worlds" *JLA*, no. 3 (March 1997). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-73)** [Scott Lobdell](/source/Scott_Lobdell) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [Ed Benes](/source/Ed_Benes) and Jack Herbert ([p](/source/Penciller)). "Superman: Doomed" *Superman*, no. 31 (July 2014). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-74)** Collins, Hannah (July 12, 2017). ["Case Closed: 15 Detectives Who Could Out-Sleuth Batman"](https://www.cbr.com/better-detectives-than-batman/). *CBR*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20170715090858/https://www.cbr.com/better-detectives-than-batman/) from the original on July 15, 2017. Retrieved April 11, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-75)** Wood, Robert (October 30, 2017). ["What Skills Does Batman Have?"](https://web.archive.org/web/20190316171734/https://buildingthebat.com/bat-skills-what-skills-does-batman-have/). *Building the Bat*. Archived from [the original](https://buildingthebat.com/bat-skills-what-skills-does-batman-have/) on March 16, 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-vapzdg_76-0)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999), p. 29

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-A1_77-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-A1_77-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-A1_77-2) [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999)[*[page needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources)*]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-78)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999), p. 98

1. **[^](#cite_ref-79)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999), pp. 159–60

1. **[^](#cite_ref-80)** *Batman* vol. 3 Annual #2 (January 2018)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-pearson_pg_191_81-0)** Pearson, p. 191.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-82)** [Bill Finger](/source/Bill_Finger) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [Bob Kane](/source/Bob_Kane) ([p](/source/Penciller)). "The Case of the Chemical Syndicate" *Detective Comics*, no. 27 (May 1939). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-83)** Bill Finger ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), Bob Kane ([p](/source/Penciller)). "The Batman Wars Against the Dirigible of Doom" *Detective Comics*, no. 33 (November 1939). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-84)** She first appears in *Detective Comics* #31 (September 1939)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-85)** [Paul Levitz](/source/Paul_Levitz) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [Joe Staton](/source/Joe_Staton) ([p](/source/Penciller)). "The Untold Origin of the Justice Society" *DC Special*, no. 29 (September 1977). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-86)** [Gardner Fox](/source/Gardner_Fox) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))). *[All Star Comics](/source/All_Star_Comics)*, no. 3 (Winter 1940/1941). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-87)** [Bill Finger](/source/Bill_Finger) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [Bob Kane](/source/Bob_Kane) ([p](/source/Penciller)). "The People vs. the Batman" *Batman*, vol. 1, no. 7 (November 1941). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-88)** *Batman* #16 (May 1943); his original last name, Beagle, is revealed in *Detective Comics* #96 (February 1945)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-89)** One example is the Englehart/Rogers run of the late 1970s, which has editorial notes directing readers to issues such as *Detective Comics* #46 and *Batman* #1 and 59.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-90)** [Bill Finger](/source/Bill_Finger) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [Sheldon Moldoff](/source/Sheldon_Moldoff) ([p](/source/Penciller)). "The First Batman" *Detective Comics*, no. 235 (September 1956). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-91)** [Edmond Hamilton](/source/Edmond_Hamilton) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [Dick Sprang](/source/Dick_Sprang) ([p](/source/Penciller)). "When Batman Was Robin" *Detective Comics*, no. 226 (December 1955). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-92)** ["Why Batman went to Yale"](https://yalealumnimagazine.com/articles/3113-why-batman-went-to-yale). *yalealumnimagazine.com*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20220213091414/https://yalealumnimagazine.com/articles/3113-why-batman-went-to-yale) from the original on February 13, 2022. Retrieved August 15, 2020.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-dc-ency_93-0)** Beatty, Scott (2008). "Batman". In Dougall, Alastair (ed.). *The DC Comics Encyclopedia*. London: [Dorling Kindersley](/source/Dorling_Kindersley). pp. 40–44. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-7566-4119-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7566-4119-1).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-94)** [Miller, Frank](/source/Frank_Miller); [David Mazzucchelli](/source/David_Mazzucchelli); Richmond Lewis (1987). [*Batman: Year One*](/source/Batman%3A_Year_One). DC Comics. p. 98. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-85286-077-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85286-077-6).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-ComicsVerseReview_95-0)** Matchett, Glenn (September 4, 2015). ["Frank Miller's Batman Part One: YEAR ONE, or How Legends are Made"](https://web.archive.org/web/20191008145746/https://comicsverse.com/frank-millers-batman-part-one-year-one-or-how-legends-are-made/). *ComicsVerse*. Archived from [the original](https://comicsverse.com/frank-millers-batman-part-one-year-one-or-how-legends-are-made/) on October 8, 2019. Retrieved May 30, 2018.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-96)** [Alan Grant](/source/Alan_Grant_(writer)) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [Norm Breyfogle](/source/Norm_Breyfogle) ([p](/source/Penciller)). "Master of Fear" *[Batman](/source/Batman_(comic_book))*, no. 457 (December 1990). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-97)** Dixon, Chuck. et al. "Batman: Prodigal". *Batman* #512–514, *Batman: Shadow of the Bat* #32–34, *Detective Comics* #679–681, *Robin* vol. 4 #11–13. New York: DC Comics, 1995.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-98)** *Infinite Crisis* #7, p. 32

1. **[^](#cite_ref-99)** *52* #30

1. **[^](#cite_ref-100)** *Batman* #673

1. **[^](#cite_ref-101)** *Batman* #681

1. **[^](#cite_ref-102)** [James Robinson](/source/James_Dale_Robinson) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [Don Kramer](/source/Don_Kramer) ([p](/source/Penciller)). "Face the Face – Conclusion" *[Batman](/source/Batman_(comic_book))*, no. 654 (August 2006). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-103)** *Batman* #656 (October 2006): Bruce: "I remember being drugged senseless and refusing to co-operate in some depraved eugenics experiment." Talia: "Believe me, you cooperated ...magnificently."

1. **[^](#cite_ref-104)** [Brad Meltzer](/source/Brad_Meltzer) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [Ed Benes](/source/Ed_Benes) ([p](/source/Penciller)). "The Tornado's Path" *[Justice League](/source/Justice_League) of America vol. 2*, no. 1 (August 2006). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-105)** [Chuck Dixon](/source/Chuck_Dixon) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), Julian Lopex ([p](/source/Penciller)). *[Batman and the Outsiders vol. 2](/source/Outsiders_(comics))*, no. 1 (November 2007). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-INDY_106-0)** Adams, Guy (November 28, 2008). ["Holy smoke, Batman! Are you dead?"](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/holy-smoke-batman-are-you-dead-1038882.html). *[The Independent](/source/The_Independent)*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20081201055030/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/holy-smoke-batman-are-you-dead-1038882.html) from the original on December 1, 2008.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-deadatlast_107-0)** [Newsarama: "Batman R.I.P. – Finally?"](https://web.archive.org/web/20090117082040/http://www.newsarama.com/comics/010915-Batman-RIP-Finally.html) January 15, 2009

1. **[^](#cite_ref-108)** [Grant Morrison](/source/Grant_Morrison) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))), [J. G. Jones](/source/J._G._Jones) ([p](/source/Penciller)). "How to Murder the Earth" *Final Crisis*, no. 6 (January 2009). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-109)** [Grant Morrison](/source/Grant_Morrison) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))). *Final Crisis*, no. 7 (January 2009). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-110)** ["Grant Morrison: Final Crisis Exit Interview, Part 2"](https://web.archive.org/web/20090207033629/http://newsarama.com/comics/020904-Grant-FC2.html). Archived from [the original](http://newsarama.com/comics/020904-Grant-FC2.html) on February 7, 2009. Retrieved June 7, 2009.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-111)** [Tony Daniel](/source/Tony_Daniel) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))). *Battle for the Cowl*, no. 3 (May 2009). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-112)** [Chris Yost](/source/Chris_Yost) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))). *Red Robin*, no. 1 (August 2009). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-113)** [Geoff Johns](/source/Geoff_Johns) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))). *Blackest Night*, no. 0 (June 2009). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-114)** Grant Morrison ([w](/source/Script_(comics))). *[Batman and Robin](/source/Batman_and_Robin_(comic_book))*, no. 7 (January 2010). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-115)** [Grant Morrison](/source/Grant_Morrison) ([w](/source/Script_(comics))). *[Batman and Robin](/source/Batman_and_Robin_(comic_book))*, no. 8 (February 2010). DC Comics.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-USAToday_116-0)** Geddes, John (December 9, 2009). ["Grant Morrison on return of original Batman"](https://www.usatoday.com/life/comics/2009-12-09-morrison-bruce-wayne-st_N.htm). *[USA Today](/source/USA_Today)*. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20091212235048/http://www.usatoday.com/life/comics/2009-12-09-morrison-bruce-wayne-st_N.htm) from the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved December 10, 2009.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Source_117-0)** Segura, Alex (December 9, 2009). ["DCU in 2010: The Return of Bruce Wayne hits in April"](https://web.archive.org/web/20091213044258/http://dcu.blog.dccomics.com/2009/12/09/dcu-in-2010-the-return-of-bruce-wayne-hits-in-april/). DC Comics. Archived from [the original](http://dcu.blog.dccomics.com/2009/12/09/dcu-in-2010-the-return-of-bruce-wayne-hits-in-april/) on December 13, 2009. Retrieved December 10, 2009.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-SourceBatmanMay_118-0)** ["Batman solicitations for May 2010 at DC's The Source"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120306090923/http://dcu.blog.dccomics.com/2010/02/11/take-an-early-look-at-batman-titles-for-may/). DC Comics. February 11, 2010. Archived from [the original](http://dcu.blog.dccomics.com/2010/02/11/take-an-early-look-at-batman-titles-for-may/#more-7397) on March 6, 2012. Retrieved June 17, 2010.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-119)** Snyder, Scott. *Batman Vol. 4: Zero Year- Secret City*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-120)** Snyder, Scott. *Batman Vol 5: Zero Year- Dark City*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-121)** Snyder, Scott. *Batman Vol. 1: The Court of Owls*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-122)** Snyder, Scott. *Batman Vol. 2: The City of Owls*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-123)** Snyder, Scott. *Batman Vol. 10: Epilogue*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-124)** Snyder, Scott. *Batman Vol. 3: Death of the Family*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-125)** King, Tom. *Batman Vol. 1: I Am Gotham*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-126)** King, Tom. *Batman Vol. 2: I Am Suicide*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-127)** King, Tom. *Batman Vol. 3: I Am Bane*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-128)** King, Tom. *Batman Vol. 4: The War of Jokes and Riddles*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-129)** King, Tom. *Batman Vol. 7: The Wedding*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-130)** King, Tom. *Batman Vol. 8: Cold Days*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-131)** King, Tom. *Batman Vol. 9: The Tyrant Wing*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-132)** King, Tom. *Batman Vol. 10: Knightmares*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-133)** King, Tom. *Batman Vol. 13: The City of Bane Part 2*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-134)** Tynion IV, James. *Batman Vol. 2: The Joker War*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-135)** Tynion IV, James. *Batman Vol. 3: Ghost Stories*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-136)** Tynion IV, James. *Batman Vol. 4: The Cowardly Lot*. [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-137)** *Smallville: Season 11* #6-9

1. **[^](#cite_ref-138)** ["Comics Reviews, News, Heroes, Villains, Superheroes & Toys"](https://www.ign.com/comics). *IGN*. Retrieved June 6, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-139)** Finkelstein, David; Macfarlane, Ross (March 15, 1999). ["Batman's big birthday"](https://web.archive.org/web/20080114031758/http://www.guardian.co.uk/g2/story/0%2C%2C314504%2C00.html). *The Guardian*. London. Archived from [the original](https://www.theguardian.com/g2/story/0,,314504,00.html) on January 14, 2008. Retrieved June 19, 2007.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-140)** [Daniels (1999)](#CITEREFDaniels1999), p. 50

1. **[^](#cite_ref-141)** nrueda (September 26, 2024). ["Batman becomes first superhero with star on Hollywood Walk of Fame"](https://usa.inquirer.net/157489/batman-becomes-first-superhero-with-star-on-hollywood-walk-of-fame). *INQUIRER.net USA*. Retrieved October 6, 2024.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-142)** Glazebrook, Lewis (October 10, 2023). ["Why Batman's Most Consistent Movie Complaint Is Actually Great For The DCU's Reboot"](https://screenrant.com/batman-tone-complaint-dcu-reboot-good/). *ScreenRant*. Retrieved March 25, 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-143)** Wertham, Fredric. *Seduction of the Innocent*. Rinehart and Company, Inc., 1954. pp. 189–90. For discussion of Wertham's impact see Brooker (2001).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-144)** Medhurst, Andy. "Batman, Deviance, and Camp." *The Many Lives of the Batman: Critical Approaches to a Superhero and His Media*. Routledge: London, 1991. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-85170-276-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85170-276-6), p. 150.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Langley_145-0)** Langley, Travis. *Batman and Psychology: A Dark and Stormy Knight*. John Wiley & Sons; 1st edition, 2012, [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [1-118-16765-1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-118-16765-1)

## Sources

- Beatty, Scott (2005). *The Batman Handbook: The Ultimate Training Manual*. Quirk Books. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-1-59474-023-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59474-023-7).

- Boichel, Bill (1991). "Batman: Commodity as Myth". *The Many Lives of the Batman: Critical Approaches to a Superhero and His Media*. London: Routledge. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-85170-276-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85170-276-6).

- [Daniels, Les](/source/Les_Daniels) (1999). *Batman: The Complete History*. Chronicle Books. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8118-2470-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-2470-5).

- Daniels, Les (1995). *DC Comics: Sixty Years of the World's Favorite Comic Book Heroes*. Bulfinch. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8212-2076-4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-2076-4).

- Daniels, Les (2003). *DC Comics: A Celebration of the World's Favorite Comic Book Heroes*. Billboard Books/Watson-Guptill Publications. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8230-7919-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8230-7919-3).

- Daniels, Les (April 2004). [*Batman: The Complete History: The Life and Times of the Dark Knight*](https://books.google.com/books?id=73wknu2cVIkC). Chronicle Books. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8118-4232-7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-4232-7). Retrieved November 8, 2020.

- Pearson, Roberta E.; Uricchio, William, eds. (1991). *The Many Lives of the Batman: Critical Approaches to a Superhero and His Media*. London: Routledge. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-85170-276-6](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85170-276-6).

- Wright, Bradford W. (2001). [*Comic Book Nation: The Transformation of Youth Culture in America*](https://archive.org/details/comicbooknationt00wrig). The Johns Hopkins University Press. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-8018-6514-5](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8018-6514-5).

## Further reading

- [Jones, Gerard](/source/Gerard_Jones) (1995). [*Men of Tomorrow: Geeks, Gangsters, and the Birth of the Comic Book*](https://archive.org/details/menoftomorrowgee0000jone). Basic Books. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-465-03657-8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-465-03657-8).

## External links

**Batman**  at Wikipedia's [sister projects](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects)

- [Media](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Batman) from Commons
- [Quotations](https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Batman_(comics)) from Wikiquote
- [Data](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2695156) from Wikidata

- [Official website](https://www.dc.com/characters/batman)

- [Batman Bio at the Unofficial Guide to the DC Universe](https://web.archive.org/web/20121130190321/http://www.dcuguide.com/who.php?name=batman)

- [Batman](https://community.fandom.com/wiki/w:c:dc:Batman) on [DC Database](https://community.fandom.com/wiki/w:c:dc), a [DC Comics](/source/DC_Comics) [wiki](/source/Wiki)

- [Batman (1940–present) Comics Inventory](https://web.archive.org/web/20121025171907/http://www.comicsinventory.com/Search/Title/01b8774d-ecd5-4843-b456-9bf100018b07)

v t e Batman Bob Kane Bill Finger Other contributors Characters Supporting characters Enemies Locations in Gotham City Arkham Asylum Batcave Wayne Enterprises Wayne Manor Technology Equipment Batarang Batsuit utility belt Bat-Signal Bat phone Transport Batmobile Batplane Batman in other media In film In video games In amusement parks In children's books Ongoing publications (history) Detective Comics Batman Batman Beyond Batgirl Batwoman Nightwing Harley Quinn Red Hood and the Outlaws DC Comics – The Legend of Batman Batman/Superman: World's Finest Miscellaneous Detective Comics #27 Origin of Batman Batman and Robin Homosexuality in the Batman franchise The Bat Whispers Batkid Begins Category

v t e Justice League characters Founding members Pre-New 52/ Rebirth Aquaman Batman Flash / Barry Allen Green Lantern / Hal Jordan Martian Manhunter Superman Wonder Woman Post-New 52/ Rebirth Aquaman Batman Cyborg Flash / Barry Allen Green Lantern / Hal Jordan Superman Wonder Woman Recurring members Abin Sur Adam Strange Agent Liberty Amazing-Man / Will Everett III Ambush Bug Animal Man Aqualad Atom Ray Palmer Ryan Choi Atom Smasher Aztek Batgirl/Oracle Batwing Batwoman Beast Boy Big Barda Black Adam Black Canary Black Condor Black Lightning Black Orchid Bloodwynd Blue Beetle Ted Kord Jaime Reyes Blue Devil Blue Jay Booster Gold Bumblebee Bulleteer Captain Atom Captain Comet Captain Marvel / Shazam Catwoman Cheetah Commander Steel / Hank Heywood III Congorilla Crimson Fox Deadman Detective Chimp Doctor Fate (Khalid Nassour) Doctor Light Doctor Occult Doctor Polaris Donna Troy Element Girl Elongated Man Etrigan the Demon Fire Firestorm The Flash Jay Garrick Wally West General Glory Geo-Force Giganta Godiva Green Arrow Green Lantern Alan Scott Guy Gardner Jade John Stewart Kyle Rayner Simon Baz Jessica Cruz Gypsy Harley Quinn Hawkman Katar Hol Hawkgirl and Hawkwoman Shiera Sanders Hall Shayera Hol Kendra Saunders Huntress Ice Impulse Jesse Quick John Constantine Kasumi Katana King Shark Lex Luthor Lightray Lobo Madame Xanadu Manitou Dawn Manitou Raven Max Mercury Maxima Mera Metamorpho Mister Miracle Mister Terrific Moon Maiden Mystek Nightshade Obsidian Orion Pandora Pantha Phantom Stranger Plastic Man Power Girl Question Raven Ray Red Arrow Red Star Red Tornado Robin/Nightwing Rocket Red Shade, the Changing Man Silver Sorceress Snapper Carr Star Sapphire Starfire Stargirl Starman Mikaal Tomas Prince Gavyn Will Payton Jack Knight Steel Super-Chief Superboy Supergirl Swamp Thing Tasmanian Devil Tomorrow Woman Triumph Vibe Vixen Wonder Girl Zatanna Zauriel Other characters Supporting characters Alfred Pennyworth Arella A.R.G.U.S. Carol Ferris Hippolyta Iris West James Gordon Jimmy Olsen Lois Lane Lucius Fox Pariah Perry White Steve Trevor Sue Dibny Vicki Vale Allies Amazonians Atlanteans Avengers Birds of Prey Doom Patrol Justice League Dark John Constantine Deadman Detective Chimp Etrigan the Demon Swamp Thing Zatanna Justice Society of America Lantern Corps Guardians of the Universe Blue Lantern Corps Green Lantern Corps Indigo Tribe White Lantern Corps Legion of Super-Heroes Marvel/Shazam Family Manhunter (Kate Spencer) New Gods Outsiders Teen Titans Robin Starfire Beast Boy Cyborg Raven Young Justice Neutral characters Amanda Waller Black Adam Captain Cold Manchester Black Frankenstein Emilia Harcourt Jonah Hex Killer Frost Larfleeze Lobo Harley Quinn Peacemaker Poison Ivy Suicide Squad Enemies Central rogues Amazo Anti-Monitor Black Adam Black Manta Brainiac Captain Cold Cheetah Darkseid Deathstroke Despero Doctor Destiny Doctor Light Doomsday Eclipso Felix Faust Gorilla Grodd Joker Kanjar Ro Lex Luthor Libra Mongul Nekron Neron Ocean Master Professor Ivo Prometheus Queen Bee Queen of Fables Sinestro Starro Steppenwolf T. O. Morrow Ultra-Humanite Vandal Savage Other supervillains Amos Fortune Black Hand Blockbuster Brain Storm Circe Count Vertigo David Graves Deadshot Doctor Polaris Doctor Sivana Epoch Funky Flashman Gamemnae General Wade Eiling Gentleman Ghost Gog Hyathis Imperiex Key King Kull Ma'alefa'ak Magog Manchester Black Manga Khan Manhunter Matter Master Maxwell Lord Merlyn Morgaine le Fey Nebula Man OMAC Paragon Per Degaton Ra's al Ghul Rainbow Raider Rama Khan Red King Shaggy Man Siren Solaris Solomon Grundy Sonar Starbreaker Weapons Master Weather Wizard Wizard Organizations Aryan Brigade Axis Amerika Black Lantern Corps Brotherhood of Evil Cadre Court of Owls Crime Syndicate of America Demolition Team Dominators Fearsome Five Female Furies H.I.V.E. Injustice Society Intergang Kobra League of Assassins Legion of Doom Manhunters Phantom Zone Villains Rogues Royal Flush Gang Secret Six Secret Society of Super Villains Sinestro Corps White Martians Alternative versions Alternate versions of the Justice League Extreme Justice Just'a Lotta Animals Justice Guild of America Justice League 3000 Justice League Dark Justice League Elite Justice League Europe Justice League International Justice League Task Force Justice League United Justice Legion Alpha Justice Lords Super Buddies Super Jrs. Young Justice Others Alternative versions of Superman In other media DC Extended Universe Superman Batman Wonder Woman Flash Aquaman Category

Articles and topics related to Batman v t e Batman characters Batman family By codename Batman Batwoman Batgirl Robin Catman Catwoman Owlman Huntress Nightwing Flamebird Red Robin Batwing Azrael Phantasm Wrath By public identity Dick Grayson Kathy Kane Bette Kane Barbara Gordon Jason Todd Helena Wayne Helena Bertinelli Tim Drake Stephanie Brown Cassandra Cain Kate Kane Damian Wayne Harper Row Duke Thomas Jace Fox Luke Fox Andrea Beaumont Pets Ace the Bat-Hound Supporting characters Main supporting Alfred Pennyworth Jim Gordon Julie Madison Holly Robinson Lucius Fox Martha Wayne Thomas Wayne Vicki Vale Gotham City Police Department contacts Jim Gordon Harvey Bullock Maggie Sawyer Renee Montoya Jason Bard Slam Bradley Superhero allies Superman Wonder Woman The Flash Barry Allen Wally West Green Lantern Hal Jordan John Stewart Guy Gardner Kyle Rayner Jessica Cruz Simon Baz Aquaman Black Canary Black Lightning Cyborg Deadman Doctor Fate Doctor Fate (Khalid Nassour) Etrigan Green Arrow Hawkgirl Hawkman John Constantine Martian Manhunter Manhunter Metamorpho Mister Terrific Nightrunner Plastic Man Question Shazam Static Swamp Thing Spectre Katana Vixen Zatanna Superhero groups Batman Incorporated Batmen of All Nations Birds of Prey Justice League Justice Society of America Outsiders World's Finest Team Other characters Bat-Mite Bronze Tiger Creeper Duela Dent Gilda Dent Knight Leslie Thompkins Misfit Mother Panic Nora Fries Orpheus Ragman Sasha Bordeaux Silver St. Cloud Simon Dark Squire Victoria October Antagonists Central rogues gallery Bane Black Mask Catwoman Clayface Deadshot Deathstroke Firefly Harley Quinn Hugo Strange Hush Joker Killer Croc Mad Hatter Man-Bat Mr. Freeze Penguin Poison Ivy Ra's al Ghul Riddler Scarecrow Two-Face Ventriloquist Victor Zsasz Joker's gang Joker Harley Quinn League of Assassins Ra's al Ghul Talia al Ghul Nyssa Raatko Sensei Lady Shiva Merlyn Mobsters Joe Chill Lew Moxon Falcone family Carmine Falcone Alberto Falcone Mario Falcone Sofia Falcone Sal Maroni Squid Rupert Thorne Tobias Whale Johnny Witts Tony Zucco Hamilton Hill Gillian B. Loeb Other enemies Anarky Black Spider Blockbuster Calculator Calendar Man Catman Cavalier Clock King Cluemaster Copperhead Cornelius Stirk Crazy Quilt Crime Doctor Deacon Blackfire Doctor Death Doctor Phosphorus Dollmaker Electrocutioner Enigma Firebug Flamingo Gearhead Humpty Dumpty Jane Doe Key KGBeast King Snake Kite Man Lex Luthor Maxie Zeus Magpie Mirror Man Mr. Bloom Nightslayer Onomatopoeia Orca Outsider Owlman Phantasm Planet Master Polka-Dot Man Professor Milo Professor Pyg Prometheus Ratcatcher Reaper Signalman Simon Hurt Snowman Solomon Grundy Swagman Tally Man Ten-Eyed Man The Batman Who Laughs Tiger Shark Wrath Zebra-Man Supervillain groups Circus of Strange Court of Owls Kobra Leviathan Mutants Royal Flush Gang Suicide Squad Terrible Trio Alternative versions Batman Batman of Zur-En-Arrh Owlman The Batman Who Laughs Robin Earth-Two Carrie Kelley Helena Wayne Other media 1966 Batman TV series Bookworm Egghead King Tut 1989–1997 film series Bruce Wayne Joker Catwoman DC Animated Universe Renee Montoya Harley Quinn Andrea Beaumont Batman (Terry McGinnis) The Dark Knight Trilogy Bruce Wayne Rachel Dawes Joker DC Extended Universe Bruce Wayne Harley Quinn Gotham Bruce Wayne James Gordon Selina Kyle Fish Mooney Oswald Cobblepot Jerome and Jeremiah Valeska Titans Dick Grayson Arrowverse Kate Kane Category v t e Batman publications and storylines Current series Absolute Batman Absolute Catwoman Batgirl Batman Batman/Superman: World's Finest Birds of Prey Detective Comics (#27) Catwoman Harley Quinn Nightwing Poison Ivy Completed ongoing series Azrael Batgirl and the Birds of Prey Batman (comic strip) Batman '66 Batman '89 Batman and Robin Batman and the Outsiders Batman: Arkham Unhinged Batman: The Brave and the Bold Batman: The Dark Knight Batman: Gotham Knights Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight Batman: Shadow of the Bat Batman: Streets of Gotham The Batman Adventures Batman Beyond The Batman Chronicles Batman Confidential Batman Family Batman Incorporated The Batman Strikes! Batman/Superman Batwing Batwoman The Brave and the Bold Gotham by Midnight Gotham Central Gotham City Sirens Gotham Girls Grayson The Huntress The Joker Man-Bat Mother Panic The Penguin Red Hood/Arsenal Red Hood and the Outlaws Red Robin Robin Robin: Son of Batman Superman/Batman Tim Drake: Robin We Are Robin World's Finest Comics Completed miniseries Anarky Batman: Anarky Batman & Dracula trilogy Batman: Arkham City Batman: Battle for the Cowl Batman Black and White Batman: Cacophony Batman: Creature of the Night Batman: The Cult Batman: Damned Batman: The Dark Prince Charming Batman: The Doom That Came to Gotham Batman: Earth One Batman: Gates of Gotham Batman: GCPD Batman: Gotham County Line Batman: Gotham Knights – Gilded City Batman: The Imposter Batman: The Knight Batman: Orpheus Rising Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne Batman/Superman/Wonder Woman: Trinity Batman: Three Jokers Batman: Thrillkiller Batman: Turning Points The Batman Who Laughs Batman: Year 100 Bat-Mite Dark Knights of Steel First Wave Flashpoint Beyond Flashpoint: Deadman and the Flying Graysons Gotham Underground Harley Quinn and Poison Ivy Man-Bat Penguin: Pain and Prejudice Poison Ivy: Cycle of Life and Death Red Hood: The Lost Days Section 8 Superman & Batman: Generations Trinity The Untold Legend of the Batman Batman Eternal Batman Eternal Batman and Robin Eternal Dark Moon Rising Batman and the Monster Men Batman and the Mad Monk The Long Halloween Batman: The Long Halloween Batman: Dark Victory Catwoman: When in Rome Millerverse The Dark Knight Returns The Dark Knight Strikes Again The Dark Knight III: The Master Race Murphyverse Batman: White Knight Curse of the White Knight White Knight Presents: Red Hood Beyond the White Knight Year One Batgirl: Year One The Riddler: Year One Two-Face: Year One Robin: Year One One-shots Arkham Asylum: A Serious House on Serious Earth Castle of the Bat Dark Knight Dynasty Dark Night: A True Batman Story Death of Innocents Digital Justice Gotham Noir Holy Terror Batman/Houdini: The Devil's Workshop In Darkest Knight The Killing Joke KnightGallery Leatherwing The Man Who Laughs Nine Lives Noël Elseworld's Finest: Supergirl & Batgirl The Joker: Devil's Advocate Batman/Poison Ivy: Cast Shadows Son of the Demon The 12 Cent Adventure Two Faces War on Crime The Batman Adventures: Mad Love The Berlin Batman Gotham by Gaslight Joker Poison Ivy: Thorns Red Hood vs. Anarky Superman and Batman: World's Funnest Storylines 1930-40s "The Case of the Chemical Syndicate" "Batman Versus the Vampire" "Robin the Boy Wonder" "The Murders of Clayface" "Two-Face Trilogy" "The Riddler" 1950s "The Man Behind the Red Hood!" "The Joker's Millions" "Ace, the Bat-Hound" "The First Batman" "The Rainbow Batman" "Am I Really Batman?" "The Superman of Planet X" "Batman Meets Bat-Mite" 1960s "Robin Dies at Dawn" "Beware of -- Poison Ivy" "The Million Dollar Debut of Batgirl" "One Bullet Too Many" 1970s "Challenge of the Man-Bat" "Tales of the Demon" "The Joker's Five-Way Revenge" "Night of the Stalker" "There is No Hope in Crime Alley" "Strange Apparitions" "Where Were you on the Night Batman was Killed?" 1980s "Batman: Year One" "Year Two" "Batman: A Death in the Family" "A Lonely Place of Dying" "Year Three" "The Man Who Falls" "Anarky in Gotham City" "Shaman" 1990s "Gothic" "The Eye of the Beholder" "The Return of the Joker" "Prey" "Venom" "The Last Arkham" "Knightfall" "Contagion" "Legacy" "Cataclysm" "No Man's Land" 2000s "Joker: Last Laugh" "Bruce Wayne: Fugitive" "Hush" "Broken City" "War Games" "City of Crime" "Under the Hood" "War Crimes" "Face the Face" "Batman and Son" "The Resurrection of Ra's al Ghul" "Batman R.I.P." "Whatever Happened to the Caped Crusader?" "Batwoman: Elegy" 2010s "Bruce Wayne: The Road Home" "The Black Mirror" "Night of the Owls" "Death of the Family" "Zero Year" "Endgame" "Robin War" "The Button" "Dark Nights: Metal" 2020s "The Joker War" "Dark Nights: Death Metal" "Fear State" "Shadows of the Bat" "Shadow War" "Gotham War" Intercompany crossovers Batman/Aliens Batman/Hellboy/Starman Batman/Judge Dredd: Judgment on Gotham Batman/Spawn: War Devil Batman/Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Batman/Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures Batman/The Spirit Batman Versus Predator Batman vs. Bigby! A Wolf in Gotham Daredevil/Batman: Eye for an Eye Ghost/Batgirl: The Resurrection Machine Harley & Ivy Meet Betty & Veronica Spawn/Batman Superman and Batman versus Aliens and Predator Deadpool/Batman and Batman/Deadpool Incomplete All Star Batman & Robin, the Boy Wonder Batman: The Widening Gyre Related topics Batman: Child of Dreams Batman: Haunted Knight Batman Legends DC Comics – The Legend of Batman Elseworlds The Further Adventures of The Joker Category Publications are listed alphabetically by published titles. Storylines are listed in publication order. Compiled without respect for canon or "current" continuity. v t e Batman franchise media Live-action television Batman (1966) Batman episodes Return to the Batcave: The Misadventures of Adam and Burt Gotham (franchise) Gotham episodes season 1 2 3 4 5 characters Pennyworth Arrowverse Batwoman episodes characters "Crisis on Infinite Earths" The Penguin The Penguin "After Hours" "Inside Man" "Bliss" "Cent'Anni" "Homecoming" "Gold Summit" "Top Hat" "A Great or Little Thing" Other Batman OnStar commercials Birds of Prey Gotham Knights Live-action films Early films Batman (1943) Batman and Robin Batman (1966) 1989–1997 film series Batman (1989) Batman Returns (special effects) Batman Forever Batman & Robin The Dark Knight Trilogy Batman Begins The Dark Knight The Dark Knight Rises DC Extended Universe Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice Batgirl (unreleased) The Batman Epic Crime Saga The Batman production The Batman: Part II Animated television The Batman/Superman Hour The Adventures of Batman The New Adventures of Batman The Batman/Tarzan Adventure Hour The Animated Series episodes The New Batman Adventures Batman Beyond episodes The Batman characters episodes The Brave and the Bold episodes Beware the Batman Batwheels Caped Crusader Bat-Fam Animated films Mask of the Phantasm SubZero Return of the Joker Mystery of the Batwoman The Batman vs. Dracula Gotham Knight Public Enemies Under the Red Hood Apocalypse Year One The Dark Knight Returns DC Super Heroes Unite Son of Batman Assault on Arkham Animal Instincts Batman vs. Robin Monster Mayhem Bad Blood The Killing Joke Mechs vs. Mutants Return of the Caped Crusaders The Lego Batman Movie Batman and Harley Quinn Batman vs. Two-Face Scooby-Doo! & Batman: The Brave and the Bold Gotham by Gaslight Batman Ninja Batman vs. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Hush Family Matters Soul of the Dragon The Long Halloween Battle of the Super Sons The Doom That Came to Gotham Merry Little Batman Batman Ninja vs. Yakuza League Aztec Batman: Clash of Empires Animated shorts Chase Me Strange Days Death in the Family Novels The Ultimate Evil Enemies & Allies Wayne of Gotham Batman: Resurrection Batman: Revolution Podcasts Batman: The Audio Adventures Batman Unburied DC High Volume: Batman Enemies in other media Bane Joker Mr. Freeze Penguin Riddler Scarecrow Two-Face Supporting characters in other media Barbara Gordon Catwoman Robin Related topics Batman & Bill Bruce Wayne (unproduced series) Batkid Begins Batman action figures Lego Batman Batman Total Justice Batman Unlimited Bat phone Bat-Manga!: The Secret History of Batman in Japan List of Batman films cast members List of Batman television series cast members List of Batman video games List of Batman children's books Batman music Batman Live Holy Musical B@man! Batman '89 (comic book) The Riddler: Year One v t e Batman music Soundtracks Films Batman score soundtrack Batman Returns Batman: Mask of the Phantasm Batman Forever soundtrack score Batman & Robin Batman Begins The Dark Knight The Dark Knight Rises Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice The Lego Batman Movie Joker The Batman Joker: Folie à Deux score soundtrack Video games Batman: Arkham City Batman: Arkham Origins Batman: Arkham Knight Songs Batman (1960s TV series) "Batman Theme" "Batusi" Batman (1989 film) "Batdance" "Partyman" "The Arms of Orion" "Scandalous!" "The Future" Batman Returns "Face to Face" Batman Forever "Hold Me, Thrill Me, Kiss Me, Kill Me" "Kiss from a Rose" "The Riddler" Batman & Robin "The End Is the Beginning Is the End" "Look into My Eyes" "Gotham City" "Foolish Games" "Moaner" "Lazy Eye" v t e Batman video games Lego series Lego Batman: The Videogame Lego Batman 2: DC Super Heroes Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham Lego Batman: Legacy of the Dark Knight Arkham series Arkham Asylum Arkham City Lockdown Arkham Origins Mobile Blackgate Arkham Knight Arkham VR Suicide Squad: Kill the Justice League Arkham Shadow Telltale series The Telltale Series The Enemy Within Film-based Batman Ocean Sega Genesis PC Engine Arcade Batman: The Video Game NES Game Boy Batman Returns Sega Atari Lynx NES SNES Batman Forever Batman Forever: The Arcade Game Batman & Robin Batman Begins The Dark Knight (canceled) Animation-based The Animated Series The Adventures of Batman & Robin The Brave and the Bold – The Videogame Ubisoft series Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker Batman: Chaos in Gotham Batman: Vengeance Batman: Rise of Sin Tzu Other games Batman (1986) The Caped Crusader Return of the Joker Dark Tomorrow DC Universe Online Gotham City Impostors Batman (2013) Gotham Knights MultiVersus Category v t e Batman in amusement parks Of Batman Batman Adventure – The Ride Batman: The Dark Knight Batman The Escape Batman: Knight Flight Batman: The Ride Batman: The Ride (S&S Free Spin) Batman & Robin: The Chiller The Dark Knight Coaster Of derivative characters Harley Quinn Crazy Train The Joker (S&S Worldwide) The Joker (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom) The Joker (Six Flags México) The Joker Funhouse Coaster The Joker's Jinx The Riddler Mindbender Mr Freeze: Reverse Blast The Penguin The Riddler Revenge (Six Flags New England) The Riddler's Revenge Of derivative elements Arkham Asylum – Shock Therapy Batwing Spaceshot Batwing Gotham City Gotham City Gauntlet: Escape from Arkham Asylum Shadows of Arkham v t e Batman in film Serials Batman (1943) Batman and Robin (1949) Adam West films Batman (1966) Return of the Caped Crusaders (2016) Batman vs. Two-Face (2017) 1989–1997 series Films Batman (1989) score soundtrack home computer game NES game Game Boy game Sega Genesis game PC Engine game arcade game Batman Returns (1992) soundtrack special effects Sega games Atari Lynx game NES game SNES game Batman Forever (1995) score soundtrack video game arcade game pinball game Batman & Robin (1997) soundtrack video game Characters Bruce Wayne Joker Catwoman The Dark Knight trilogy Films Batman Begins (2005) soundtrack video game The Dark Knight (2008) soundtrack canceled video game The Dark Knight Rises (2012) soundtrack Characters Bruce Wayne Joker Rachel Dawes DC Extended Universe Films Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016) soundtrack Suicide Squad (2016) soundtrack Justice League (2017) soundtrack Zack Snyder's Justice League (2021) soundtrack The Flash (2023) soundtrack Batgirl (unreleased) Characters Bruce Wayne Harley Quinn The Batman series The Batman (2022) production accolades soundtrack The Batman: Part II (2027) Theatrical animated films Mask of the Phantasm (1993) soundtrack The Killing Joke (2016) The Lego Batman Movie (2017) soundtrack Spin-off films Catwoman (2004) video game Joker (2019) accolades soundtrack Birds of Prey (2020) soundtrack Joker: Folie à Deux (2024) score soundtrack Clayface (2026) Unofficial and fan films Features Batman Dracula Alyas Batman at Robin James Batman Batman Fights Dracula Fight Batman Fight! Alyas Batman en Robin Batman XXX Shorts Dead End Grayson World's Finest City of Scars Dying Is Easy Batman Beyond: Year One See also Batman franchise List of Batman films cast members Batman OnStar commercials v t e Batman and Superman Comic books Limited series Superman & Batman: Generations Superman and Batman: World's Funnest Batman/Superman/Wonder Woman: Trinity Superman and Batman versus Aliens and Predator Finished series World's Finest Comics Superman/Batman Television The Batman/Superman Hour The Superman/Batman Adventures DC Animated Universe The New Batman/Superman Adventures Books Enemies & Allies Film Live action films Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice soundtrack Animated films Superman/Batman: Public Enemies Superman/Batman: Apocalypse Batman: The Dark Knight Returns Superman: Red Son Injustice Batman and Superman: Battle of the Super Sons Justice League: Warworld Fan works How It Should Have Ended Related Composite Superman Toyman World's Finest Team Categories: Batman Superman v t e Justice League International Keith Giffen J. M. DeMatteis Initial members Pre-Flashpoint Batman Black Canary Blue Beetle/Ted Kord Booster Gold Captain Marvel Doctor Fate Doctor Light/Kimiyo Hoshi Green Lantern/Guy Gardner Martian Manhunter Mister Miracle The New 52 Booster Gold Fire Godiva Green Lantern/Guy Gardner Ice Rocket Red/Gavril Ivanovich Vixen Supporting characters Maxwell Lord Oberon Superman Enemies Antagonists Anti-Monitor Black Hand Darkseid Despero Doomsday Kite Man Lobo Magog Major Disaster Manga Khan Maxwell Lord Neron Queen Bee Signal Men Sinestro Starbreaker Weapons Master Weather Wizard Wizard Organizations Cadre Creature Commandos Royal Flush Gang Suicide Squad Publications and storylines Legends Formerly Known as the Justice League Justice League: Generation Lost Spinoff teams Extreme Justice Justice League America Justice League Europe Justice League Task Force v t e Catwoman Bob Kane Bill Finger Incarnations Selina Kyle Holly Robinson Supporting characters Batgirl Batman Slam Bradley Gotham City Sirens Dick Grayson Huntress Justice League Outsiders Alfred Pennyworth Poison Ivy Harley Quinn Leslie Thompkins Wildcat Antagonists Bane Black Mask Clayface Hush Joker Penguin Poison Ivy Harley Quinn Riddler Scarecrow Snowflame Hugo Strange Two-Face Publications Absolute Catwoman Catwoman Catwoman: When in Rome Gotham City Sirens Nine Lives In other media Catwoman (film) Chase Me DC Showcase: Catwoman Catwoman (video game) Selina Kyle (Gotham character) "Selina Kyle" (Gotham episode) Selina Kyle (Batman Returns) "The Cat and the Fiddle" "The Cat and the Claw" Catwoman: Soulstealer Catwoman: Hunted Category v t e Batgirl Bill Finger Sheldon Moldoff Gardner Fox Carmine Infantino Incarnations Bette Kane Barbara Gordon Helena Bertinelli Cassandra Cain Stephanie Brown Supporting characters Batman Birds of Prey Black Canary Catwoman James Gordon Dick Grayson Lucius Fox Justice League Manhunter Misfit Alfred Pennyworth Proxy Harley Quinn Robin Supergirl Leslie Thompkins Alysia Yeoh Antagonists Black Mask Calculator Cluemaster Doctor Death Joker Joker's Daughter Lady Shiva Livewire Mr. Freeze Penguin Poison Ivy Harley Quinn Riddler Ravager Scarecrow Trigger Twins Related identities Flamebird Oracle Huntress Publications Batgirl Batgirl: Year One Batgirl and the Birds of Prey Elseworld's Finest: Supergirl & Batgirl Ghost/Batgirl: The Resurrection Machine Related articles "Enter Batgirl, Exit Penguin" Barbara Gordon in other media Big Game Batgirl (unreleased) Batwoman Category v t e Robin Bill Finger Jerry Robinson Bob Kane Robins Dick Grayson Jason Todd Tim Drake Stephanie Brown Damian Wayne Supporting characters Batgirl Barbara Gordon Batman Catwoman Jack Drake Flying Graysons Lucius Fox Tamara Fox James Gordon Justice League Alfred Pennyworth Nightstar Outsiders Starfire Talia al Ghul Teen Titans Leslie Thompkins Warlock's Daughter Antagonists Anarky Bane Blockbuster Clock King Cluemaster Deathstroke Firefly The General Joker Joker's Daughter Killer Croc King Snake Lady Shiva Lady Vic Lynx Mad Hatter Mr. Freeze Nite-Wing Penguin Prankster Harley Quinn Ra's al Ghul Riddler Scarecrow Shrike Tarantula Torque Trigger Twins Two-Face Tony Zucco Related identities Nightwing Red Robin Squire In other media Batman and Robin (serial) "Robin's Reckoning" Dick Grayson (film character) Batman & Robin (film) soundtrack video game Son of Batman Batman vs. Robin Publications Robin: Year One Robin War All Star Batman & Robin, the Boy Wonder Batman and Robin We Are... Robin Red Robin Batman and Robin Eternal Batman and Son Alternative versions Carrie Kelley Earth-Two Helena Wayne Related Robin Hood Redbird Alyas Batman en Robin Alyas Batman at Robin Batman & Robin: The Chiller Batman and Robin Have an Altercation "Holy..." Batman and Robin Category v t e The Joker Bill Finger Bob Kane Jerry Robinson Supporting characters Bane Black Manta Cheetah Clayface Deadshot Deathstroke Duela Dent Firefly Gorilla Grodd Harley Quinn Hugo Strange Hush Killer Croc Legion of Doom Lex Luthor Mad Hatter Man-Bat Mr. Freeze Penguin Poison Ivy Ra's al Ghul Riddler Scarecrow Sinestro Two-Face Victor Zsasz Antagonists Batgirl Barbara Gordon Batman Batwoman Kate Kane Catwoman Commissioner Gordon Harley Quinn Hugo Strange Huntress Helena Bertinelli) Justice League Nightwing Dick Grayson Penguin Jason Todd Red Robin Tim Drake Riddler Robin Damian Wayne Superman The Batman Who Laughs Two-Face Publications and stories The Joker Batman: The Killing Joke Devil's Advocate Batman: The Man Who Laughs The Further Adventures of The Joker Joker (graphic novel) "The Joker's Millions" Last Laugh "The Man Behind the Red Hood!" "The Return of the Joker" Batman: Three Jokers "The Joker War" Alternative versions The Batman Who Laughs Jester In other media Incarnations Jack Napier Joker (The Dark Knight) Jerome and Jeremiah Valeska Other media Joker accolades soundtrack Joker: Folie à Deux score soundtrack Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker video game Batman: The Killing Joke "The Joker's Hard Times" "The Joker Is Wild" "The Joker Goes to School" Batman: Return of the Joker "Joker's Favor" "Christmas with the Joker" Mortal Kombat 11 Harley Quinn and The Joker: Sound Mind Rides The Joker's Jinx The Joker (S&S Worldwide) The Joker (Six Flags Discovery Kingdom) The Joker Funhouse Coaster The Joker (Six Flags México) Related Arkham Asylum Barack Obama "Joker" poster Georgia Joker Jokermobile Joker Stairs The People's Joker Category v t e Harley Quinn Paul Dini Bruce Timm Karl Kesel Terry Dodson Amanda Conner Jimmy Palmiotti Supporting characters Bloodsport Catwoman Joker Poison Ivy Solomon Grundy Teams Gotham City Sirens Justice League of Anarchy Secret Six The Society Suicide Squad Antagonists Amanda Waller Batman Barbara Gordon/Batgirl Black Mask Floronic Man Hugo Strange Duela Dent Mercy Graves Peacemaker Penguin Riddler Dick Grayson/Robin Scarecrow Two-Face Publications The Batman Adventures: Mad Love Harley Quinn Batman: White Knight Presents: Harley Quinn Harley and Ivy Meet Betty and Veronica Harley Quinn and Poison Ivy In other media "Joker's Favor" Harley Quinn (TV series) episodes Batman and Harley Quinn Harley Quinn (DCEU character) Birds of Prey soundtrack Joker: Folie à Deux score soundtrack Harley Quinn and The Joker: Sound Mind Related articles Harley Quinn Crazy Train Homosexuality in the Batman franchise Harlequin (album) Category v t e The Outsiders Mike W. Barr Jim Aparo Members Founders Batman Black Lightning Geo-Force Halo Katana Metamorpho Others Arsenal Atomic Knight Batgirl Batwing Batwoman Captain Boomerang Captain Marvel Jr. Creeper Duke Thomas Grace Choi Green Arrow Huntress (Helena Bertinelli) Indigo Jade Lady Shiva Looker Nightwing Olympian Owlman (Roy Raymond Jr.) Red Robin ReMAC Sebastian Faust Starfire Technocrat Thunder Supporting characters Alfred Pennyworth Checkmate Helga Jace Roy Raymond Sapphire Stagg Simon Stagg Enemies Baron Bedlam Brother Blood Doctor Sivana Fearsome Five Doctor Light Gizmo Mammoth Psimon Shimmer Felix Faust Gorilla Grodd Joker Kobra Masters of Disaster Mr. Freeze Nuclear Family Sabbac Tobias Whale Locations Batcave Other media Batman: The Brave and the Bold Young Justice v t e Birds of Prey Creators: Chuck Dixon Jordan B. Gorfinkel Gail Simone Titles Batgirl and the Birds of Prey Main characters Barbara Gordon Black Canary Huntress (Helena Bertinelli) Notable members Big Barda Black Alice Cassandra Cain Gypsy Harley Quinn Hawk and Dove Hawkgirl (Kendra Saunders) Jade Canary Katana Lady Blackhawk Manhunter (Kate Spencer) Misfit Poison Ivy Power Girl Vixen Zealot Supporting characters Batman Blue Beetle (Ted Kord) Booster Gold James Gordon Catwoman Cyborg Green Arrow Kurt Lance Lois Lane Metamorpho Nightwing Richard Dragon Robin Savant Superman Wildcat Antagonists Atomic Skull Bane Black Mask Blockbuster Brainiac Calculator Captain Nazi Catwoman Chemo Cheshire Clayface Copperhead Crime Doctor Deathstroke Electrocutioner Gorilla Grodd Harley Quinn Hector Hammond Hellgrammite H.I.V.E. Joker Kobra Lady Shiva Lady Vic Lashina Mad Hatter Mammoth Penguin Poison Ivy Prometheus Psimon Secret Six Secret Society Shadow Thief Shrapnel Spy Smasher Talia al Ghul Victor Zsasz In other media TV series Film soundtrack Category v t e Superman characters Superman family By codename Superman Superboy Supergirl Superwoman Nightwing Flamebird Steel Power Girl By public identity Clark Kent Conner Kent Jon Kent Sodam Yat Mon-El Kara Zor-El Matrix Linda Danvers Laurel Gand Lois Lane Lucy Lane Lana Lang Luma Lynai Donna Troy Kristin Wells Chris Kent/Lor-Zod Thara Ak-Var John Henry Irons Natasha Irons Kong Kenan Kara Zor-L Pets Krypto Streaky the Supercat Beppo Comet Supporting characters Lois Lane Jimmy Olsen Jor-El Lara Jonathan and Martha Kent Perry White Lana Lang Batman Lucy Lane Lori Lemaris Zor-El Alura Sam Lane Lyla Lerrol Pete Ross Professor Potter Lena Luthor Maxima Morgan Edge Dan Turpin Steve Lombard Cat Grant Professor Hamilton Maggie Sawyer Bibbo Bibbowski Ron Troupe Strange Visitor Rampage Vartox Atlas Manchester Black Alexander Luthor Jr. Associated characters Auron The Authority Apollo Enchantress Lightray Manchester Black Midnighter OMAC Steel Justice League Atom Aquaman Batman Black Canary Blue Beetle Cyborg Flash Green Arrow Green Lantern John Stewart Martian Manhunter Robin/Nightwing Orion Captain Marvel Wonder Woman Justice Society of America Legion of Substitute Heroes Legion of Super-Heroes Cosmic Boy Saturn Girl Lightning Lad Chameleon Boy Colossal Boy Invisible Kid Star Boy Phantom Girl Triplicate Girl Shrinking Violet Bouncing Boy Sun Boy Brainiac 5 Ultra Boy Element Lad Matter-Eater Lad Lightning Lass Dream Girl Timber Wolf Princess Projectra Ferro Lad Karate Kid White Witch Shadow Lass Chemical King Wildfire Tyroc Dawnstar Laurel Gand Legion of Super-Pets Legion of Super-Villains Lobo Maxima Newsboy Legion Super-Chief Supermen of America World's Finest Team Enemies Central rogues Atomic Skull Bizarro Bloodsport Brainiac Bruno Mannheim Cyborg Superman Darkseid Doomsday General Zod Lex Luthor Livewire Mercy Graves Metallo Mister Mxyzptlk Mongul Parasite Silver Banshee Toyman Ultra-Humanite Recurring adversaries Anti-Monitor Atlas Blaze and Satanus Brainiac 2 Chemo Composite Superman Conduit Dev-Em Equus Faora Funky Flashman Gog Hellgramite Imperiex Jax-Ur Joker Kobra Lord Satanis Magpie Mammoth Manchester Black Morgan Edge Neutron Nick O'Teen Non Ol-Vir Prankster Quarmer Quex-Ul Rampage Riot Ruin Scorch Solaris Solomon Grundy Terra-Man Titano Ultraman Ursa Vandal Savage Volcana Organizations Black Zero Fearsome Five Intergang Masters of Disaster Royal Flush Gang Secret Society of Super Villains Suicide Squad Superman Revenge Squad Alternative versions Superman Earth-One Ultraman Superboy-Prime Kingdom Come Supergirl Power Girl In other media 1978–1987 film series Superman Lois Lane Lex Luthor Eve Teschmacher General Zod DC Extended Universe Clark Kent / Superman Lois Lane Lex Luthor Zod Smallville Clark Kent Lois Lane Lana Lang Justice League Lex Luthor Lionel Luthor Chloe Sullivan Arrowverse Kara Danvers Alex Danvers Lex Luthor Nia Nal Superman & Lois Clark Kent Lois Lane Related Superman and Lois Lane Daily Planet Alien races Kryptonians Category v t e Wonder Woman William Moulton Marston Elizabeth Holloway Marston Olive Byrne H. G. Peter Other contributors Characters Wonder Women Artemis of Bana-Mighdall Hippolyta Nubia Wonder Girls Cassie Sandsmark Donna Troy Yara Flor Supporting characters Antiope Etta Candy Fury Hephaestus Heracles/Hercules Hermes I Ching Julia Kapatelis Justice League Mala Nemesis (Thomas Tresser) The Olympian Paula von Gunther Philippus Poseidon Helena Sandsmark Sarge Steel Sasha Bordeaux Steve Trevor Zeus Zola Enemies Ares Baron Blitzkrieg Baroness Paula von Gunther Blue Snowman Veronica Cale Cheetah Circe Dark Angel Decay Doctor Cyber Doctor Poison Doctor Psycho Duke of Deception Egg Fu Eviless First Born Genocide Giganta Hades Hypnota Jeannette Kung Mask Maxwell Lord Medusa Minister Blizzard Osira Queen Clea Silver Swan Superwoman Tezcatlipoca Zara Factions Amazons of Themyscira Amazons of Bana-Mighdall Children of Ares Godwatch Olympian Gods Titans of Myth Villainy Inc. Locations Aeaea Themyscira (The Paradise Islands) Publications Absolute Wonder Woman All Star Comics Wonder Woman Amazonia Batman/Superman/Wonder Woman: Trinity Comic Cavalcade Crossover The Legend of Wonder Woman Sensation Comics Superman and Wonder Woman: The Hidden Killer Superman/Wonder Woman Wonder Woman '77 The Wonder Woman Chronicles Wonder Woman: Earth One Wonder Woman Historia: The Amazons The World's Greatest Superheroes Storylines "Introducing Wonder Woman" (1941) Gods and Mortals (1987) Challenge of the Gods (1987–88) War of the Gods (1991) The Contest (1994) The Challenge of Artemis (1995) Paradise Island Lost (2001) Our Worlds at War (2001) The Hiketeia (2002) Down to Earth (2003–04) Who Is Wonder Woman? (2006–07) Amazons Attack! (2007) The Circle (2008) Ends of the Earth (2008) Rise of the Olympian (2009) Flashpoint (2011) The Lies (2016) Year One (2016) The Truth (2017) Godwatch (2017) Trial of the Amazons (2022) Technology Lasso of Truth Wonder Woman's bracelets In other media Film Wonder Woman (1974 film) Wonder Woman (2009 film) Wonder Woman: Bloodlines DC Extended Universe Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice Wonder Woman (2017 film) soundtrack Justice League Zack Snyder's Justice League Wonder Woman 1984 soundtrack Peacemaker: It's Cow or Never Shazam! Fury of the Gods The Flash Television Wonder Woman episodes Wonder Woman (2011 TV pilot) Miscellaneous Bizarra Superwoman Cultural impact Professor Marston and the Wonder Women Wonder Women! The Untold Story of American Superheroines Category v t e Golden Age of Comic Books Ace Comics Captain Courageous Doctor Nemesis The Flag Lash Lightning The Raven Unknown Soldier Vulcan All-American Publications The Atom Al Pratt Black Canary Doctor Mid-Nite Charles McNider Doiby Dickles The Flash Jay Garrick Gay Ghost Green Lantern Alan Scott Hawkgirl Shiera Sanders Hall Hawkman Hop Harrigan Johnny Thunder Justice Society of America The King Mister Terrific Terry Sloane Red Tornado Sargon the Sorcerer Terrific Whatzit Thunderbolt Ultra-Man The Whip Wildcat Wonder Woman Centaur Comics Airman Amazing-Man The Arrow The Clock The Eye Fantom of the Fair Magician from Mars The Masked Marvel Minimidget Charlton Comics Atomic Mouse Captain Atom Nightshade Mr. Muscles Nature Boy Space Adventures Yellowjacket Dell Comics Doctor Hormone Flash Gordon The Owl Phantasmo Supermind's Son Zorro Fawcett Comics Bulletman and Bulletgirl Captain Marvel Captain Marvel Jr. Captain Midnight Golden Arrow Hoppy the Marvel Bunny Ibis the Invincible Lieutenant Marvels Marvel Family Mary Marvel Master Man Minute-Man Mr. Scarlet and Pinky the Whiz Kid Nyoka the Jungle Girl Phantom Eagle Scoop Smith Spy Smasher Squadron of Justice Uncle Marvel Fox Comics Blue Beetle Dan Garret The Bouncer Bronze Man Dynamo The Flame Green Mask The Moth Samson Stardust the Super Wizard Wonder Man Harvey Comics Black Cat Captain 3-D Captain Freedom Green Hornet Invisible Scarlet O'Neil Kato Shock Gibson Spirit of '76 Lev Gleason Publications Captain Battle Claw Crimebuster Daredevil Little Wise Guys Silver Streak MLJ Comics The Black Hood Captain Flag The Comet The Firefly The Fox The Hangman Rang-a-Tang the Wonder Dog The Shield Super Duck The Web The Wizard National Allied Publications Ace the Bat-Hound Air Wave Aquaman Batwoman Black Pirate Boy Commandos Captain Comet Chris KL-99 Congo Bill Crimson Avenger Lee Travis Detective Chimp Doctor Fate Doctor Occult Genius Jones Gimmick Girl Green Arrow King Faraday The Knight Krypto Liberty Belle Manhunter Paul Kirk Martian Manhunter Miss X Mr. America Newsboy Legion Phantom Stranger Rex the Wonder Dog Robin Dick Grayson Sandman Wesley Dodds Sandy the Golden Boy Seven Soldiers of Victory Shining Knight Sir Justin Slam Bradley The Spectre Speedy Squire Star-Spangled Kid Sylvester Pemberton Starman Ted Knight Stripesy Superboy Superwoman Lois Lane Tarantula TNT Tommy Tomorrow Vigilante Greg Saunders Nedor Comics American Crusader American Eagle Black Terror Captain Future Doc Strange Fighting Yank The Ghost Grim Reaper Judy of the Jungle Kara the Jungle Princess Lance Lewis, Space Detective Liberator The Magnet Miss Masque Princess Pantha Pyroman The Scarab The Woman in Red Novelty Press Blue Bolt Dick Cole The Target The Targeteers The Twister Prize Publications Atomic-Man Black Owl Fighting American Green Lama Yank & Doodle Quality Comics Archie O'Toole #711 Black Condor Blackhawk Bozo the Iron Man Captain Triumph Doll Girl Doll Man Firebrand Human Bomb Invisible Hood The Jester Kid Eternity Lady Luck Madam Fatal Magno Manhunter Merlin the Magician Midnight Miss America Miss Fear Mouthpiece Phantom Lady Plastic Man Quicksilver The Ray Red Bee The Spider Spider Widow Uncle Sam Wildfire Wonder Boy Woozy Winks Timely Comics All-Winners Squad Angel Black Marvel Black Widow Claire Voyant Blazing Skull Blonde Phantom Blue Diamond Breeze Barton Bucky Bucky Barnes Captain America Citizen V Destroyer Father Time The Fin Golden Girl Human Torch Jack Frost Mercury Miss America Miss Fury Namor Namora Patriot Phantom Reporter Red Raven Rockman Sun Girl Super Rabbit Thin Man Thunderer Toro Venus Vision Whizzer Robert Frank Witness Young Allies Misc. American Comics Group Superkatt Anglo-American Publishing Commander Steel Atlas Publications Captain Atom Bell Features The Brain Johnny Canuck Nelvana of the Northern Lights Cardal Publishing Streamline Columbia Comics The Face Skyman David McKay Publications Mandrake the Magician The Phantom DC Thomson The Amazing Mr X Jack Flash Dynamic Publications Dynamic Man Yankee Girl Eastern Color Printing Buck Rogers Hydroman Phantom Magician EC Comics Moon Girl Superduperman Elliot Publishing Company Kismet, Man of Fate Fiction House Fantomah Hillman Periodicals Airboy The Heap Holyoke Publishing Cat-Man Kitten Miss Victory L. Miller & Son, Ltd. Kid Marvelman Marvelman Young Marvelman Magazine Enterprises Funnyman Maple Leaf Publishing Brok Windsor Iron Man Rural Home Publications Green Turtle Street & Smith The Avenger Doc Savage The Shadow Supersnipe

[Portals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals):
- [United States](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:United_States)
- [Comics](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Comics)
- [Speculative fiction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Speculative_fiction)

**Batman** at Wikipedia's [sister projects](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects):

- [**Media**](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Batman_and_his_cast) from Commons
- [**Quotations**](https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Batman_(comics)) from Wikiquote

Authority control databases International VIAF 2 GND FAST National United States France BnF data Czech Republic Spain Taiwan Chile Argentina Sweden Israel Catalonia Academics ORCID Artists MusicBrainz FID People DDB Other IdRef Open Library NARA SNAC Te Papa (New Zealand) Yale LUX

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Batman](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batman) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batman?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.