# Barmah > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Barmah > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Barmah.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barmah > Source revision: 1351162193 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{for|the village in Iran|Barmah, Iran}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}} {{Use Australian English|date=August 2012}} {{Infobox Australian place | type = town | name = Barmah | state = vic | image = BarmahMurrayRiver.JPG | caption = Murray River crossing at Barmah | lga = Shire of Moira | postcode = 3639 | est = | pop = 229 | pop_year = {{CensusAU|2021}} | pop_footnotes = {{Census 2021 AUS | id = SAL20144 | name = Barmah (Suburbs and Localities) | accessdate = 26 April 2026| quick = on}} | elevation= | use_lga_map = yes | coordinates = {{coord|36|01|03|S|144|57|55|E|display=inline,title}} | maxtemp = | mintemp = | rainfall = | stategov = [Shepparton](/source/Electoral_district_of_Shepparton) | fedgov = [Nicholls](/source/Division_of_Nicholls) | dist1 = 265 | dir1 = N | location1= [Melbourne](/source/Melbourne) | dist2 = 63 | dir2 = NW | location2= [Shepparton](/source/Shepparton) | dist3 = 34 | dir3 = SW | location3= [Echuca](/source/Echuca%2C_Victoria) | dist4 = 27 | dir4 = W | location4= [Nathalia](/source/Nathalia%2C_Victoria) | dist5 = 16 | dir5 = W | location5= [Picola](/source/Picola) | near-nw = ''[New South Wales](/source/New_South_Wales)'' | near-n = ''[New South Wales](/source/New_South_Wales)'' | near-ne = [Picola](/source/Picola) | near-w = ''[New South Wales](/source/New_South_Wales)'' | near-e = [Picola West](/source/Picola_West) | near-sw = [Lower Moira](/source/Lower_Moira) | near-s = [Lower Moira](/source/Lower_Moira) | near-se = [Picola](/source/Picola) }} '''Barmah''' is a town in the state of [Victoria](/source/Victoria_(Australia)), Australia. Barmah has the distinction of being located north of the border with the state of [New South Wales](/source/New_South_Wales). New South Wales is north of Victoria, with the border being the westward-flowing [Murray River](/source/Murray_River). However, just downstream of Barmah the Murray winds to the south and east for a short distance before resuming its westward course. The land within this length of river results in a small part of New South Wales being to the south of the Victorian town. Barmah is near the largest [river red gum](/source/Eucalyptus_camaldulensis) forest in the world. The [Barmah National Park](/source/Barmah_National_Park) is on the [floodplain](/source/floodplain) of the Murray River, and when it floods is an important breeding ground for [Murray cod](/source/Murray_cod). The flood is enhanced by the geological features of the riverbed, as the channel narrows at an area known as the ''Barmah choke''. The Barmah Forest is listed under the [Ramsar Convention](/source/Ramsar_Convention) for wetlands and, with various state forests in New South Wales, has been identified as an [Important Bird Area](/source/Barmah-Millewa_Important_Bird_Area). It is rich in bird species and is the breeding ground for the [superb parrot](/source/superb_parrot), a species listed as [vulnerable](/source/Vulnerable_species) on the [IUCN Red List](/source/IUCN_Red_List). ==History== thumb|right|275px|The Barmah Bridge, (from downstream) connecting NSW and VIC (2021) The Barmah area was first settled in 1856 by [Joseph Waldo Rice](/source/Joseph_Waldo_Rice) who established the Murray Fishing Company to supply fish for the gold mining region of [Bendigo, Victoria](/source/Bendigo%2C_Victoria). Barmah was, for a time beginning in the early 1880s, a prosperous centre, whose chief industry was sawmilling. There were two major sawmills; that of [Robert Barbour](/source/Robert_Barbour_(New_South_Wales_politician)) on the N.S.W. side of the river, and James MacIntosh's and E. Whitely's on the Victorian side. Much of the timber was exported to India for piles and railway sleepers until a government prohibition of the export of redgum, which forced closure of the Barmah mills. Trade picked up later, with the expansion of the railway network and a new sawmill was opened by R. Evans, who shipped the sawn timber to [Echuca](/source/Echuca) on his steamboat, the ''Edwards''.{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article132754081 |title=Ex-Cr. W. T. Maloney, J. P. |newspaper=[Numurkah Leader (Vic. : 1914 - 1918)](/source/Numurkah_Leader) |location=Vic. |date=1 September 1916 |accessdate=22 July 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} A Barmah Post Office opened on 16 September 1876 and was renamed Barmah East in 1907, closing in 1951. Barmah Township Post Office opened on 2 May 1902.{{Citation|last = Phoenix Auctiona History | title = Post Office List | url = http://www.phoenixauctions.com.au/cgi-bin/wsPhoenix.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=VIC&filter=*Barmah* | access-date = 24 March 2021 }} One virus peculiar to Barmah is the Barmah forest virus infection which is transmitted from animals to humans by mosquito bite. A way to avoid this virus is to protect yourself from mosquitoes bite in Barmah.{{Cite web |last=Australia |first=Healthdirect |date=2023-06-22 |title=Barmah Forest virus infection |url=https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/barmah-forest-virus-infection |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=www.healthdirect.gov.au |language=en-AU}} == Population == At the {{CensusAU|2021}}, Barmah had a population of 229.{{Cite web |title=2021 Barmah, Census All persons QuickStats {{!}} Australian Bureau of Statistics |url=https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/quickstats/2021/SAL20144 |access-date=2022-07-17 |website=www.abs.gov.au}} 87.8% of people were born in Australia and 90.8% of people only spoke English at home. == Ancient geography == {{main|Cadell Fault}} The geography at Barmah is explained by a geological event that occurred 25,000 years ago, when an [uplift](/source/tectonic_uplift) of land along the [Cadell Fault](/source/Cadell_Fault) forced the Murray River onto a new course for 500 km. The river had to force its way through the Barmah choke [taking over](/source/Stream_capture) the [Goulburn River](/source/Goulburn_River_(Victoria)) in the process.''The Australian Financial Review'', 28 April 2006, p81 The uplifted land that led to these changes is noticeable as a continuous, low, earthen embankment along the road leading into Barmah from the west, which may appear to the untrained eye as man-made. == See also == * [Ulupna Island](/source/Ulupna_Island) == References == {{reflist}} == External links == {{commons category-inline|Barmah, Victoria}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20050315104851/http://www.arts.monash.edu.au/ncas/multimedia/gazetteer/list/barmah.html Australian Places - Barmah] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20020712142200/http://www.mdbc.gov.au/river_murray/river_murray_system/barmah/barmah.htm Report by Murray Darling River Commission] {{Towns in Moira Shire}} {{authority control}} Category:Towns in Victoria (state) Category:Shire of Moira Category:Populated places on the Murray River Category:Goulburn River Category:Ramsar sites in Australia --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Barmah](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barmah) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barmah?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.