# Banchinae

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{{Short description|Subfamily of wasps}}
{{automatic taxobox
| image = Lissonota sp01.jpg
| image_caption = Unidentified ''[Lissonota](/source/Lissonota)'' species<br/>from [https://www.entomart.be entomart.be]<!-- license requires attribution -->
| taxon = Banchinae
| subdivision_ranks = Tribes
| subdivision = *[Atrophini](/source/Atrophini)
*[Banchini](/source/Banchini)
*[Glyptini](/source/Glyptini)
}}
'''Banchinae''' is a [subfamily](/source/subfamily) of [ichneumonid](/source/Ichneumonidae) [parasitoid wasp](/source/parasitoid_wasp)s containing about 1,500 [species](/source/species); the [genera](/source/genera) ''[Glypta](/source/Glypta)'' and ''[Lissonota](/source/Lissonota)'' are very large. The three [tribe](/source/tribe_(biology))s ([Banchini](/source/Banchini), [Glyptini](/source/Glyptini) and [Atrophini](/source/Atrophini)) are all distributed worldwide.<ref>Townes & Townes (1978)</ref><ref name="Brock2017">{{cite journal|last1=Brock|first1=J.P.|title=The Banchine Wasps (Ichneumonidae: Banchinae) of the British Isles|journal=[Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects](/source/Royal_Entomological_Society_Handbooks)|date=2017|volume=7|publisher=[Royal Entomological Society](/source/Royal_Entomological_Society)|issue=4|pages=1–150|isbn=9781910159019}}</ref>

In older treatments, the [Lycorininae](/source/Lycorininae), [Neorhacodinae](/source/Neorhacodinae) and [Stilbopinae](/source/Stilbopinae) are often included in the Banchinae; newer works usually consider them separate subfamilies.<ref>Townes (1969, 1971), Townes & Townes (1978), Wahl (1999)</ref>

All banchines are [koinobiont endoparasites](/source/Parasitoid) of [Lepidoptera](/source/Lepidoptera). The Glyptini parasitise [Tortricoidea](/source/Tortricoidea). [Atrophini](/source/Atrophini) parasitise a wider range of small moths. Species of ''Lissonota'' have long [ovipositor](/source/ovipositor)s able to reach deep wood-boring Lepidoptera such as [Cossidae](/source/Cossidae).<ref>Aubert (1978), Townes & Townes (1978)</ref> Banchinae and [Campopleginae](/source/Campopleginae) are the only subfamilies of Ichneumonidae known to have [polydnavirus](/source/polydnavirus)es.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lapointe|first=Renée|last2=Tanaka|first2=Kohjiro|last3=Barney|first3=Walter E.|last4=Whitfield|first4=James B.|last5=Banks|first5=Jonathan C.|last6=Béliveau|first6=Catherine|last7=Stoltz|first7=Don|last8=Webb|first8=Bruce A.|last9=Cusson|first9=Michel|date=2007-06-15|title=Genomic and Morphological Features of a Banchine Polydnavirus: Comparison with Bracoviruses and Ichnoviruses|journal=Journal of Virology|language=en|volume=81|issue=12|pages=6491–6501|doi=10.1128/jvi.02702-06|issn=0022-538X|pmid=17428854|pmc=1900126}}</ref>

Most Banchinae have a stalked diamond-shaped [areolet](/source/areolet).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ichneumonid diagnostics |url=https://www.cedarcreek.umn.edu/insects/album/025016bp.html |access-date=2023-05-12 |website=www.cedarcreek.umn.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Böcher |first=Jens |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5FDFCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA230 |title=The Greenland Entomofauna: An Identification Manual of Insects, Spiders and their Allies |last2=Kristensen (†) |first2=N. P. |last3=Pape |first3=Thomas |last4=Vilhelmsen |first4=Lars |date=2015-05-26 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-26105-1 |pages=230 |language=en}}</ref> A lobe of the [propodeum](/source/propodeum) projects over the middle [coxa](/source/Arthropod_coxa)e. The propodeum has few ridges (carinae), and the face is described as goat-like.

thumb|Atrophini: ''Diradops bethunei''
thumb|Banchini: ''Banchus volutatorius''
thumb|Glyptini: ''Glypta'' sp.

==Genera==
These 42 genera belong to the subfamily Banchinae:<ref name=catlife/>
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}
* ''[Agathilla](/source/Agathilla)'' <small>Westwood, 1882</small>
* ''[Alloplasta](/source/Alloplasta)'' <small>Förster, 1869</small>
* ''[Amphirhachis](/source/Amphirhachis)'' <small>Townes, 1969</small>
* ''[Apophua](/source/Apophua)'' <small>Morley, 1913</small>
* ''[Arenetra](/source/Arenetra)'' <small>Holmgren, 1859</small>
* ''[Atropha](/source/Atropha)'' <small>Kriechbaumer, 1894</small>
* ''[Australoglypta](/source/Australoglypta)'' <small>Gauld, 1977</small>
* ''[Banchopsis](/source/Banchopsis)'' <small>Rudow, 1886</small>
* ''[Banchus](/source/Banchus)'' <small>Fabricius, 1798</small>
* ''[Cephaloglypta](/source/Cephaloglypta)'' <small>Obrtel, 1956</small>
* ''[Ceratogastra](/source/Ceratogastra)'' <small>Ashmead, 1900</small>
* ''[Cryptopimpla](/source/Cryptopimpla)'' <small>Taschenberg, 1863</small>
* ''[Deleboea](/source/Deleboea)'' <small>Cameron, 1903</small>
* ''[Diblastomorpha](/source/Diblastomorpha)'' <small>Förster, 1869</small>
* ''[Diradops](/source/Diradops)'' <small>Townes, 1946</small>
* ''[Exetastes](/source/Exetastes)'' <small>Gravenhorst, 1829</small>
* ''[Glypta](/source/Glypta)'' <small>Gravenhorst, 1829</small>
* ''[Hadeleboea](/source/Hadeleboea)'' <small>Ugalde & Gauld, 2002</small>
* ''[Hadrostethus](/source/Hadrostethus)'' <small>Townes, 1969</small>
* ''[Hapsinotus](/source/Hapsinotus)'' <small>Townes, 1970</small>
* ''[Helotorus](/source/Helotorus)'' <small>Townes, 1978</small>
* ''[Himertosoma](/source/Himertosoma)'' <small>Schmiedeknecht, 1900</small>
* ''[Hylesicida](/source/Hylesicida)'' <small>Ugalde & Gauld, 2002</small>
* ''[Lampronota](/source/Lampronota)'' <small>Curtis, 1832</small>
* ''[Leptobatopsis](/source/Leptobatopsis)'' <small>Ashmead, 1900</small>
* ''[Levibasis](/source/Levibasis)'' <small>Townes, 1969</small>
* ''[Lissonota](/source/Lissonota)'' <small>Gravenhorst, 1829</small>
* ''[Meniscomorpha](/source/Meniscomorpha)'' <small>Schmiedeknecht, 1907</small>
* ''[Mnioes](/source/Mnioes)'' <small>Townes, 1946</small>
* ''[Occia](/source/Occia)'' <small>Tosquinet, 1904</small>
* ''[Odinophora](/source/Odinophora)'' <small>Förster, 1869</small>
* ''[Rhynchobanchus](/source/Rhynchobanchus)'' <small>Kriechbaumer, 1894</small>
* ''[Rynchobanchus](/source/Rynchobanchus)'' <small>Kriechbaumer, 1894</small>
* ''[Shortia](/source/Shortia_(wasp))'' <small>Gauld, 1984</small>
* ''[Sjostedtiella](/source/Sjostedtiella)'' <small>Szépligeti, 1908</small>
* ''[Sphelodon](/source/Sphelodon)'' <small>Townes, 1966</small>
* ''[Spilopimpla](/source/Spilopimpla)'' <small>Cameron, 1904</small>
* ''[Syzeuctus](/source/Syzeuctus)'' <small>Förster, 1869</small>
* ''[Teleutaea](/source/Teleutaea)'' <small>Förster, 1869</small>
* ''[Tetractenion](/source/Tetractenion)'' <small>Seyrig, 1932</small>
* ''[Tossinola](/source/Tossinola)'' <small>Viktorov, 1958</small>
* ''[Zaglyptomorpha](/source/Zaglyptomorpha)'' <small>Viereck, 1913</small>
{{Div col end}}

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=catlife>
{{Cite web| title=Catalogue of Life, Banchinae Townes, 1951
| url=https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/V49ZC | access-date=2025-10-25
}}</ref>
}}
== Other sources ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{aut|Aubert, J.F.}} (1978): ''Les Ichneumonides ouest-palearctiques et leurs hotes 2. Banchinae et Suppl. aux Pimplinae'' ["The Western Palearctic ichneumon wasps and their hosts. 2. Banchinae and supplement to the Pimplinae"]. Laboratoire d'Evolution des Etres Organises{{Verify source|date=June 2008}}<!-- "Etres Organises"?! -->, Paris & EDIFAT-OPIDA, Echauffour. [in French]
* {{aut|Townes, H.K.}} (1969): Genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 3 (Lycorininae, Banchinae, Scolobatinae, Porizontinae). ''Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute'' '''13''': 1-307.
* {{aut|Townes, H.K.}} (1971): Genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 4 (Cremastinae, Phrudinae, Tersilochinae, Ophioninae, Mesochorinae, Metopiinae, Anomalinae, Acaenitinae, Microleptinae, Orthopelmatinae, Collyriinae, Orthocentrinae, Diplazontinae). ''Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute'' '''17''': 1-372.
* {{aut|Townes, H.K. & Townes, M.}} (1978): Ichneumon-flies of America North of Mexico: 7. Subfamily Banchinae, tribes Lissonotini and Banchini. ''Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute'' '''26''': 1-614.
* {{aut|Wahl, David}} (1999): [https://web.archive.org/web/20080725073724/http://iris.biosci.ohio-state.edu/catalogs/ichneumonids/ Classification and Systematics of the Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera)]. Version of 1999-JUL-19. Retrieved 2008-JUN-18.
{{refend}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080610150454/http://bitkikorumamuzesi.netfirms.com/ichneumonidae_anahtar.htm#Banchinae#Banchinae Diagnostic characters]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080804004956/http://www.waspweb.org/Ichneumonoidea/Ichneumonidae/Banchinae/index.htm Waspweb]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1944757}}

Category:Ichneumonidae
Category:Apocrita subfamilies
Category:Endoparasites

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Banchinae](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banchinae) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banchinae?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.