# Bakom

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> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakom
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{{short description|Peruvian martial art}}
{{For|the Indonesian governmental institution|Government Communications Agency (Indonesia)}}
{{Infobox martial art
| image        = 
| imagecaption = 
| imagesize    = 
| name         = Bakom
| aka          = Vacón, bakon, ''lucha total'', Peruvian street fighting
| focus        = [Striking](/source/Strike_(attack)), [kicking](/source/kicking), [grappling](/source/grappling), [wrestling](/source/wrestling)
| country      = Peru
| parenthood   = Various techniques from [street fighting](/source/street_fighting) in [Lima](/source/Lima)
}}
'''Bakom''', also known as '''Vacón''', is a [Peru](/source/Peru)vian [martial art](/source/martial_art) created during the early 1980s by former [commando](/source/commando) and street fighter '''Roberto León Puch Bezada'''.<ref name=Panorama>{{Cite AV media |title=La noche de Caylloma: "El otro rostro del Centro Histórico" |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0F0-BFaQCIo |date=2012-04-01 |last=Escajadillo |first=Fabricio |type=Television production |language=es |publisher=[Panorama](/source/Panamericana_Televisi%C3%B3n) |others=Jhony Sebastian (editor), Walter Jiménez (camera), Paolo Ramirez (assistant), Manuel Ticona (auxiliary)}}</ref>

==History==
The art was created by Roberto Puch ({{born-in|1952|08|01}} in [Martinete](/source/Barrios_Altos)),<ref name=Panorama1>{{Cite AV media |title=Yo soy leyenda |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=URFh6W7znvc |date=2016-10-16 |last=Victorio |first=Rosario |type=Television production |language=es |publisher=[Al Sexto Día](/source/Panamericana_Televisi%C3%B3n) |others=Gabriel Pastor, Daniel Huaroc, Luis Calderon, Maycol Chauca}}</ref><ref name=Panorama2>{{Cite AV media |title=El último peleador callejero |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RH0--2EY_MA |date=2012-04-22 |last=Escajadillo |first=Fabricio |type=Television production |language=es |publisher=[Panorama](/source/Panamericana_Televisi%C3%B3n) |others=Franz Bismarck (editing), Jimmy Rodriguez (camera), Teresa Cueto (assistant), César Caldart (auxiliary)}}</ref> a resident of the third block of [Caylloma street](/source/Jir%C3%B3n_Caylloma), in the [historic centre of Lima](/source/historic_centre_of_Lima), a once-dangerous part of the city.<ref name=Panorama/> The oldest of eight children,<ref name=Panorama1/> Puch was born in [Barrios Altos](/source/Barrios_Altos), growing up in the neighbourhood's then crime-ridden areas, such as [Cinco esquinas](/source/Cinco_esquinas_(Lima)),<ref name=Panorama1/> where he saw kicking duels as a child, eventually learning [self-defence](/source/self-defence) techniques from a Chinese mentor at the city's [Chinatown](/source/Barrio_Chino_(Lima)).<ref name=Bedoya>{{Cite book |title=En aparente estado de ebriedad |last=Bedoya García-Montero |first=Jaime |publisher=[Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial Perú](/source/Penguin_Random_House) |year=2016 |isbn=9786124271182 |pages=18–19 |language=es |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9h0IDgAAQBAJ |chapter=Peleador callejero}}</ref> A troubled relationship with his father ({{died-in|2015}}) due to his behaviour led him to be sent to a [boarding school](/source/boarding_school).<ref name=Panorama1/> He eventually graduated from the COEDE School of the [Peruvian Army](/source/Peruvian_Army), serving as a [commando](/source/commando) and later working as a member of the [intelligence service](/source/National_Intelligence_Service_(Peru)).<ref name=Bedoya/>

Both the fighting style and its creator's fame reached its peak during the 1980s and 1990s.<ref name=Panorama1/> In the early 1990s, he was interviewed by [Jaime Bayly](/source/Jaime_Bayly) in his programme ''¿Qué hay de nuevo?'', also being featured in the biographical miniseries ''{{ill|Luis D'Unian Dulanto|es|Luis D’Unian Dulanto|lt=Tatán}}''.<ref name=Panorama1/><ref name=Panorama2/> After his appearances on Peruvian television, he became a bodyguard for a number of celebrities and politicians,<ref name=Panorama2/> eventually becoming a ''[curandero](/source/curandero)'',<ref name=Panorama1/><ref>{{Cite AV media |title=[Report on Puch and Bakóm] |date=1997-06-25 |last=Rey |first=Maria Laura |type=Television production |language=es |publisher=[La Revista Dominical](/source/Am%C3%A9rica_Televisi%C3%B3n) |others=Ego Aguirre, Alfonso (editing); García, Antonio (camera); De Pomar, Manuel (assistant)}}</ref> opening a workshop on [Moquegua street](/source/Jir%C3%B3n_Moquegua).<ref name=Bedoya/>

==Rules==
According to Puch, the ruleset is as follows:<ref>{{Cite book |title=Bakom: El Arte Marcial Peruano |last=Puch Bezada |first=Roberto |publisher=[Biblioteca del Congreso de la República del Perú](/source/Congress_of_Peru) |year=2004 |lang=es}}</ref>
# Study the opponent and analyse the type of physical build.
# Maintain serenity, reason, make your mind work quickly and safely, keep your body elastic and not rigid.
# Always remember that skill is better than strength and resort to creole mischief, that is, "total fight."
# Review and memorize the weak points of the human body.
# Distrust is part of wisdom, in the face of a possible triumph; Never turn your back on your opponent. Never neglect any angle of your body.
# Surprise is the cornerstone of success in action; Change and combine different tactics in the fight.
# Never give your opponent a break, on the contrary, ensure his defeat by attacking him without rest.

==See also==
*[List of martial arts](/source/List_of_martial_arts)

==References==
{{reflist}}
Category:South American martial arts
Category:Hispanic martial arts
Category:Peruvian folklore
Category:Wrestling in Peru

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Bakom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakom) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakom?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.