# Baked milk

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Baked_milk
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Baked_milk.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baked_milk
> Source revision: 1345338899
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{short description|Beverage derived from milk}}
thumb|A glass of baked milk
'''Baked milk''' ({{langx|ru|топлёное молоко}} {{IPA|ru|tɐˈplʲɵnəjə məɫɐˈko|}}; {{langx|uk|пряжене молоко}}; {{langx|be|топленае малако}}) is a variety of [boiled](/source/boiling) [milk](/source/milk) that has been particularly popular in [Russia](/source/Russia), [Ukraine](/source/Ukraine) and [Belarus](/source/Belarus).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fermaspb.ru/baked%20milk |title=Топленое молоко с фермы - ЭкоФерма |access-date=2016-02-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130710031549/http://fermaspb.ru/baked%20milk |archive-date=2013-07-10 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.russkoe-moloko.ru/toplenoe-moloko.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508135519/http://www.russkoe-moloko.ru/toplenoe-moloko.html|url-status=dead|title=Линейка "Рузского Молока" расширяется - Топленое Молоко<!-- Bot generated title -->|archivedate=May 8, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://izbenka.msk.ru/product/toplenoe-moloko/ |title=Молоко топленое 4% {{!}} Избёнка<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2013-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130317220001/http://izbenka.msk.ru/product/toplenoe-moloko/ |archive-date=2013-03-17 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is made by [simmering](/source/simmering) milk on low heat for eight hours or longer.

== History ==
Baked milk was relatively popular outside of Russia as well. It was deemed more palatable than boiled milk, and was described in medical literature as potentially more digestible.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wood |first1=Catherine |title=The Health exhibition literature: Health in diet |date=1884 |location=London |page=436 |chapter=Food and cookery for infants and invalids|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S4ErFLf6oUEC&pg=PA436}}</ref> The most simple recipe suggested by 19th-century cookbooks for baked milk instructed one to leave milk in an oven overnight;<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hale |first1=Sarah |title=Mrs. Hale's New Cook Book |date=1857 |page=458|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZTkEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA458}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bishop |first1=Frederick |title=The wife's own book of cookery |date=1864 |page=360 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mzJO3__7bC0C&pg=PA360}}</ref> however more elaborate recipes could be found as well.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ellet |first1=Elizabeth |title=The New Cyclopaedia of Domestic Economy and Practical Housekeeper |date=1872 |page=520 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0otCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA520}}</ref>

In rural areas, baked milk has been produced by leaving a jug of boiled milk in an oven for a day or overnight until it is coated with a brown crust. Prolonged exposure to [heat](/source/heat) causes reactions between the milk's [amino acids](/source/amino_acids) and [sugars](/source/Milk_sugar), resulting in the [formation](/source/Maillard_reaction) of [melanoidin](/source/melanoidin) compounds that give it a creamy color and caramel flavor. A great deal of moisture evaporates, resulting in a change of consistency. The [stove](/source/Russian_stove) in a traditional Russian loghouse ([izba](/source/izba)) sustains "varying cooking temperatures based on the placement of the food inside the oven".<ref>Quoted from: Glenn Randall Mack, Asele Surina. ''Food Culture In Russia And Central Asia''. Greenwood Press, 2005. {{ISBN|0-313-32773-4}}. Page 22.</ref>

Today, baked milk is produced on an industrial scale. Like [scalded milk](/source/scalded_milk), it is free of [bacteria](/source/bacteria) and [enzyme](/source/enzyme)s and can be stored safely at room temperature for up to forty hours. Home-made baked milk is used for preparing a range of cakes, pies, and cookies.

Long term consumption of baked milk may help for resolution of [milk allergy](/source/milk_allergy).<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |author1=Joan H.Dunlop, Corinne A.Keet, Kim Mudd, Robert A.Wood  |title=Long-Term Follow-Up After Baked Milk Introduction |journal=The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice |date=September–October 2018 |volume=6 |issue=5 |pages=1699–1704 |doi=10.1016/j.jaip.2018.01.024 |pmid=29408418 |pmc=6113119 |url=}}</ref> However, in some cases, acquired tolerance reverts to unresolved allergy.<ref name=":0" />

== Fermented baked milk ==
[Ryazhenka](/source/Ryazhenka) and [varenets](/source/varenets) are fermented baked milk products, a type of traditional [yoghurt](/source/yoghurt). It is a common breakfast drink in Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia.

In peasant communities, varenets has been made in the traditional East Slavic oven by "baking sour milk to a golden brown color".<ref>Glenn Randall Mack, Asele Surina. ''Food Culture in Russia and Central Asia''. Greenwood Publishing Group, 2005. {{ISBN|9780313327735}}. Page 86.</ref> In the Soviet era, the name "ryazhenka" came to be applied to a government-produced creme-colored drink without the skin.<ref>Genevra Gerhard. ''The Russian's World: Life and Language''. 3rd ed. {{ISBN|9780893572938}}. Page 113.</ref>

==In China==
In China, the [Yihetang](/source/Yihetang) chain popularized baked milk ({{lang-zh|s=烤奶|p=kǎo nǎi}}) as an ingredient in [bubble tea](/source/bubble_tea).
<ref>{{cite news |last=Fang |first=Shiqi 方诗琪 |date=2021-07-25 |editor-last=Xiang |editor-first=Xueni 向雪妮 |title=益禾堂奶茶新品宣传文案被指侮辱女性！致歉称品牌方审查失误 |trans-title=Yihetang's New Milk Tea Promotional Copy Accused of Insulting Women! Apologizes, Claims Brand's Review Process Was Flawed |url=https://m.mp.oeeee.com/a/BAAFRD000020210725524141.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250216050536/https://m.mp.oeeee.com/a/BAAFRD000020210725524141.html |archivedate=2025-02-16 |accessdate=2025-02-16 |newspaper=[Southern Metropolis Daily](/source/Southern_Metropolis_Daily) |language=zh}}
The article notes: "据悉，益禾堂品牌创立于2012年，是武汉熠汇饮科技有限公司旗下的茶饮品牌，因“烤奶”产品为消费者熟知。据悉，目前，益禾堂现有门店超4000家，产品主打平价，定价普遍在8-20元。"

From Google Translate: "It is reported that the Yihetang brand was founded in 2012 and is a tea brand under Wuhan Yihuiyin Technology Co., Ltd. It is well-known to consumers for its "baked milk" products. It is reported that Yihetang currently has more than 4,000 stores, and its products are mainly affordable, with prices generally ranging from 8 to 20 yuan."</ref>

==See also==
* [Dulce de leche](/source/Dulce_de_leche), a similar preparation used in home-made pastries
* [List of baked goods](/source/List_of_baked_goods)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}

{{Milk navbox}}

Category:Milk-based drinks
Category:Russian dairy products
Category:Russian drinks
Category:Ukrainian cuisine
Category:Belarusian cuisine
Milk

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Baked milk](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baked_milk) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baked_milk?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.