# Bacterial initiation factor 2

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{{Short description|InterPro protein family}}
{{Redirect|IF-2|other uses|IF2 (disambiguation){{!}}IF2}}
{{Pfam box
|Name=Translation initiation factor IF-2, bacterial-like
|InterPro=IPR000178
}}
'''Bacterial initiation factor-2''' is a [bacterial initiation factor](/source/bacterial_initiation_factor).<ref>{{MeshName|Prokaryotic+Initiation+Factor-2}}</ref>

IF2 binds to an [initiator tRNA](/source/N-Formylmethionine) and controls the entry of tRNA onto the ribosome.  IF2, bound to GTP, binds to the [30S](/source/30S) P site. After associating with the 30S subunit, fMet-tRNA<sub>f</sub> binds to the IF2 then IF2 transfers the tRNA into the partial P site. When the 50S subunit joins, it [hydrolyzes](/source/hydrolysis) [GTP](/source/Guanosine_triphosphate) to [GDP](/source/Guanosine_diphosphate) and [P<sub>i</sub>](/source/Phosphate), causing a conformational change in the IF2 that causes IF2 to release and allow the 70S ribosome to form.

Human [mitochondria](/source/mitochondria) use a nuclear-encoded homolog, [MTIF2](/source/MTIF2), for translation initiation.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = D'Souza AR, Minczuk M | title = Mitochondrial transcription and translation: overview | journal = Essays in Biochemistry | volume = 62 | issue = 3 | pages = 309–320 | date = July 2018 | pmid = 30030363 | pmc = 6056719 | doi = 10.1042/EBC20170102 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{GeneticTranslation}}
{{GTPases}}

Category:Protein biosynthesis
Category:Gene expression

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Bacterial initiation factor 2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_initiation_factor_2) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_initiation_factor_2?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.