# Ayandegan

> Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Ayandegan
> Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Ayandegan.md
> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayandegan
> Source revision: 1344091595
> License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)

{{Short description|Persian-language newspaper published in Iran (1967–1979)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox newspaper
| logo                 = Ayandegan.jpg
| type                 = 
| format               = 
| owner                = 
| founder              = [Daryoush Homayoun](/source/Daryoush_Homayoun)
| publisher            = 
| president            = 
| editor               = Daryoush Homayoun (1967–1977)
| chief_editor         = 
| founded              = 16 December 1967
| political_position   = [Iranian nationalism](/source/Iranian_nationalism)<br/>[Liberalism](/source/Liberalism) ([Iranian](/source/Liberalism_in_Iran))
| language             = [Persian](/source/Persian_language)
| ceased_publication   = 8 August 1979
| relaunched           = 
| headquarters         = [Tehran](/source/Tehran)
| publishing_city      = 
| publishing_country   = Iran
| circulation          = 
| circulation_date     = 
| circulation_ref      = 
| readership           = 
| sister_newspapers    =
| website              = 
| ISSN                 = 
| eISSN                = 
| oclc                 = 
| RNI                  = 
}}
{{Liberalism in Iran|Media}}
'''''Ayandegan''''' ({{langx|fa|آیندگان}} lit. "The Future People") was one of the most influential and popular daily newspapers in [Iran](/source/Iran) during [Mohammad Reza Pahlavi](/source/Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi)'s rule. It was the first morning daily paper of Iran.<ref name=fink20>{{cite thesis|author=A.H. Fink|title=The importance of conspiracy theory in extremist ideology and propaganda|url=https://hdl.handle.net/1887/87359|location=[Leiden University](/source/Leiden_University)
|degree=PhD|year=2020|hdl=1887/87359|page=395}}</ref> It had an independent and critical stance.<ref name=nmn/><ref>{{cite journal|author=James A. Bill|title=The Plasticity of Informal Politics: The Case of Iran|journal=[The Middle East Journal](/source/The_Middle_East_Journal)|date=Spring 1973|volume=27|issue=2
|page=147|jstor=4325054}}</ref> The paper was also a [liberal](/source/Liberalism_in_Iran)<ref name=mehko/> and [nationalist](/source/Iranian_nationalism) publication in the Pahlavi period.<ref name=fink20/>

==History and profile==
''Ayandegan'' was founded in 1967 by [Daryoush Homayoun](/source/Daryoush_Homayoun), and its first issue appeared on 16 December that year.<ref name="hos">{{cite book
|author=Hossein Shahidi|title=Journalism in Iran: From Mission to Profession|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MLLywtI-_n0C&pg=PA33|year=2007
|publisher=[Routledge](/source/Routledge)|isbn=978-1-134-09391-5|page=33|location=London; New York}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia|author1=L. P. Elwell-Sutton |author2=P. Mohajer|title=Ayandagan|url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/ayandagan-newspaper|encyclopedia=[Encyclopædia Iranica](/source/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Iranica) |volume=III|pages=132–133|issue=2|date=15 December 1987}}</ref> From its start in 1967 to 1977 Homayoun edited the paper,<ref>{{cite web
|title=Homayoun, Daryush|url=http://fis-iran.org/en/oralhistory/homayun-daryush|work=Foundation for Iranian Studies|access-date=19 May 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520045132/http://fis-iran.org/en/oralhistory/homayun-daryush
|archive-date=20 May 2015}}</ref> which held a [liberal](/source/Liberalism_in_Iran) stance.<ref name=hos/> The paper had its headquarters in Tehran.<ref name=hos/> 

In the immediate aftermath of the [1979 revolution](/source/Iranian_Revolution), ''Ayandegan'' enjoyed higher levels of circulation selling 400,000 copies.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Asef Bayat|author-link=Asef Bayat|title=Revolution without Movement, Movement without Revolution: Comparing Islamic Activism in Iran and Egypt|journal=[Comparative Studies in Society and History](/source/Comparative_Studies_in_Society_and_History)|year=1998|volume=40|issue=1|page=152|jstor=179392
|doi=10.1017/S0010417598980057|s2cid=54197847 }}</ref> However, the paper was banned on 12 May 1979 due to its criticisms over the Islamic government's [censorship](/source/Censorship_in_Iran) and limitations on the [freedom of press](/source/freedom_of_press).<ref name=nmn>{{cite journal|author=Nicholas M. Nikazmerad|title=A Chronological Survey of the Iranian Revolution|journal=[Iranian Studies](/source/Iranian_Studies_(journal))|year=1980|volume=13|issue=1/4|page=356,360
|jstor=4310346|doi=10.1080/00210868008701575}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Chronology February 16, 1979-May 15, 1979|journal=[The Middle East Journal](/source/The_Middle_East_Journal)|date=Summer 1979|volume=33|issue=3|page=357|jstor=4325879}}</ref> In fact, on the same day the paper published three empty pages to protest over the statements of [Ayatullah Khomeini](/source/Ayatullah_Khomeini) who declared that he would not read ''Ayandegan''.<ref name=mehko>{{cite book
|author1=Mehrzad Boroujerdi|author2=Kourosh Rahimkhani|title=Postrevolutionary Iran. A Political Handbook|date=2018|publisher=[Syracuse University Press](/source/Syracuse_University_Press)|location=Syracuse, NY|isbn=978-0815635741|page=10|url=https://irandataportal.syr.edu/postrevolutionary-iran-a-political-handbook}}</ref> Soon after this incident Ayatullah Khomeini stated that the paper was both depraved and deviationist.<ref name=nmn/> Then the revolutionary prosecutor closed the newspaper on 8 August 1979.<ref>[http://www.iranchamber.com/history/islamic_revolution/revolution_and_iran_after1979_1.php Revolution and Iran after 1979] Iran Chamber.</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Houchang E. Chehabi|title=Iranian Politics and Religious Modernism: The Liberation Movement of Iran Under the Shah and Khomeini|location=Ithaca, NY|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JJEIQbUnGyYC&pg=PA268|year=1990|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-1-85043-198-5|page=268|author-link=Houchang Chehabi}}</ref> The staff were also arrested.<ref name=nmn/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commons-inline}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ayandegan}}
Category:1967 establishments in Iran
Category:1979 disestablishments in Iran
Category:Banned newspapers
Category:Censorship in Iran
Category:Daily newspapers published in Iran
Category:Defunct daily newspapers
Category:Defunct newspapers published in Iran
Category:Defunct Persian-language newspapers
Category:Iranian nationalism
Category:Liberal media in Iran
Category:Newspapers disestablished in 1979
Category:Newspapers established in 1967
Category:Newspapers published in Tehran
Category:Pahlavi Iran

---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Ayandegan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayandegan) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayandegan?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.