# Auts

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> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auts
> Source revision: 1355616322
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{{Short description|Mountains in Aragon, Spain}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Auts
| image = Auts21.JPG
| image_caption = 
| elevation_m = 434
| elevation_ref = 
| prominence_m = 
| prominence_ref = 
| range = 
| listing = [List of mountains in Aragon](/source/List_of_mountains_in_Aragon)
| location = [Bajo Cinca](/source/Bajo_Cinca)  <br/> ([Aragon](/source/Aragon))
| map = Spain
| map_caption = Spain
| coordinates = {{coord|41|19|N|0|17|E|type:mountain_region:ES-AR_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref = 
| type = [Sedimentary rock](/source/Sedimentary_rock)
| first_ascent = Unknown
| easiest_route = Drive from [Mequinenza](/source/Mequinenza)
}}

'''Auts''' ({{IPA|ca|ˈawts}}) is a [mountain chain](/source/mountain_chain) that is located southeast of [Mequinenza](/source/Mequinenza), close to the [Ebro](/source/Ebro) river in the [Bajo Cinca](/source/Bajo_Cinca) [comarca](/source/Comarcas_of_Aragon), [Aragon](/source/Aragon), Spain. Its maximum elevation is 434 metres.

==History==
These moderately high, dry mountains were the scenario of one of the most bloody confrontations during the [Battle of the Ebro](/source/Battle_of_the_Ebro) in the [Spanish Civil War](/source/Spanish_Civil_War) (1936–39). 
On 25 July 1938 the [42nd Division](/source/42nd_Division%2C_Spanish_Republican_Army) of the [Spanish Republican Army](/source/Spanish_Republican_Army) successfully crossed the river in this area and occupied the Auts area taking positions in the hills. Initially the feat of the Republican troops was hailed as a great victory by the [Spanish Republic](/source/Second_Spanish_Republic), eager to see a positive outcome of the Battle of the Ebro effort. But the [226th](/source/226th_Mixed_Brigade_(Spain)) and [227th](/source/227th_Mixed_Brigade_(Spain)) [mixed brigade](/source/mixed_brigade)s of the division<ref name="SBHAC">[http://www.sbhac.net/Republica/Fuerzas/EPR/EprL/BM226.htm SBHAC - Brigadas Mixtas del Ejército Popular, 226ª Brigada Mixta]</ref><ref name="CE">Carlos Engel, ''Historia de las Brigadas Mixtas del E. P. de la República'', 1999</ref> were soon surrounded and relentlessly massacred in the Auts by [General Franco](/source/General_Franco)'s [rebel faction](/source/Nationalist_faction_(Spanish_Civil_War)). After having suffered a great number of casualties the few battered survivors of the division had to cross back the Ebro River.<ref>[https://archive.today/20100611003119/http://aamr.cat/Articles/La_batalla_de%20l'Ebre_catala.htm La batalla de l'Ebre - Association of Former Republican Soldiers]</ref> There is a monument to the many soldiers who died in the Auts at the feet of the range near the road leading to Mequinenza.<ref>[https://orimiro78.wordpress.com/2007/10/01/batalla-de-lebre-2007/ La Batalla de l’Ebre a l’any 2007]</ref>

===Auts Monument===
Six decades after the events, on 8 August 1998, the "Quinta del Biberón", a group of survivors inaugurated the monument erected on the hillside of the Alto de los Auts, a key position, the highest and most strongly defended by the Republicans of the Mequinenza-Fayón battle. The monument, designed by Javier Torres, is chaired by two plaques, in Catalan and Spanish, and two helmets on each side. The plaque says: 'To all those who lost, who were all'. The event involved up to 250 "biberones" accompanied by their families. After making a floral offering at the foot of the monument, the veterans recalled the thirst, heat and illness they suffered at those spaces.

==Origin of the name==
The name "Auts" comes most likely from an [ancient Catalan](/source/Catalan_language) word for "heights", ''"alts"'' in modern Catalan. Referring to hills this name appears, for example, in [Ramon Llull](/source/Ramon_Llull)'s following text:

{{blockquote|''«Los cavaliers veem que fant castells i forces en los '''auts''' munts, per tal que si son vensuts ni sobrats en los píans, que fugen en los munts»''.<ref>Ramon Llull, ''Llibre de Conlemplacló en Déu'', 112, 22.</ref>}}

[[File:Batalla Ebro.png|thumb|left|Map of the [Battle of the Ebro](/source/Battle_of_the_Ebro) .]]

{{clear|left}}

==See also==
*[Battle of the Ebro](/source/Battle_of_the_Ebro)
*[La Franja](/source/La_Franja)

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*Jaume Aguadé i Sordé, ''El diari de guerra de Lluís Randé i Inglés; Batalles del Segre i de l’Ebre i camps de concentració (abril 1938 – juliol 1939)'', El Tinter {{ISBN|84-9791-082-6}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120314093911/http://www.edicionsdau.com/files/43688 Atles de la Guerra Civil a Catalunya]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110714074439/http://www.mequinensa.com/docs/cultura/LaBatalladelEbro1contraofensivanacional1.pdf La Batalla del Ebro - Mequinensa.com]

Category:Mountains of Aragon
Category:Military history of Spain

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Auts](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auts) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auts?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.