# Array > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Array > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Array.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Array > Source revision: 1337192197 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) {{refimprove|date=August 2025}} {{Short description|Disambiguation article}} {{Wiktionary|array}} An '''array''' is a systematic arrangement of similar objects, usually in rows and columns. thumb|The little push-buttons on the upper part of the right electronic device are arranged in an array with 3 columns and 4 rows. The two devices themselves form a very simple array of 2 columns and 1 row. Things called an array include: {{TOC right}} == Music == * In [twelve-tone](/source/Twelve-tone_technique) and [serial](/source/Serialism) composition, the presentation of simultaneous twelve-tone sets such that the sums of their horizontal segments form a succession of twelve-tone [aggregates](/source/tone_row) * [Array mbira](/source/Array_mbira), a musical instrument * [Spiral array model](/source/Spiral_array_model), a music pitch space == Science == === Astronomy === A [telescope array](/source/telescope_array) is also called astronomical interferometer. The best known to the public, and a genuine [tourist attraction](/source/tourist_attraction), is the [Very Large Array](/source/Very_Large_Array), in [New Mexico](/source/New_Mexico).{{cite web|url=https://public.nrao.edu/visit/very-large-array/|title=Visit the Very Large Array|website=National Radio Astronomy Observatory|access-date=August 14, 2025}} === Biology === * Various kinds of multiple biological arrays called [microarray](/source/microarray)s.{{Cite journal |last1=Carroll |first1=Gregory T. |last2=Wang |first2=Denong |last3=Turro |first3=Nicholas J. |last4=Koberstein |first4=Jeffrey T. |date=2008 |title=Photons to illuminate the universe of sugar diversity through bioarrays |journal=Glycoconjugate Journal |language=en |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=5–10 |doi=10.1007/s10719-007-9052-1 |issn=0282-0080 |pmc=7088275 |pmid=17610157}} The first type of microarray was an [antibody microarray](/source/antibody_microarray) invented in 1983 by [Tse Wen Chang](/source/Tse_Wen_Chang).{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/0022-1759(83)90318-6 |title=Binding of cells to matrixes of distinct antibodies coated on solid surface |year=1983 |last1=Tse-Wen Chang |journal=Journal of Immunological Methods |volume=65 |pages=217–23 |pmid=6606681 |first1=TW |issue=1–2}} and in the past 40 years, this concept has been used in many biological applications, including the [DNA microarray](/source/DNA_microarray), which has led to the "[gene chip](/source/gene_chip)" industry started by Ron Davis and Pat Brown at Stanford University,{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.270.5235.467 |title=Quantitative Monitoring of Gene Expression Patterns with a Complementary DNA Microarray |year=1995 |last1=Schena |first1=M. |last2=Shalon |first2=D. |last3=Davis |first3=R. W. |last4=Brown |first4=P. O. |journal=Science |volume=270 |issue=5235 |pages=467–70 |pmid=7569999|bibcode=1995Sci...270..467S |s2cid=6720459 }} and [protein](/source/Protein_microarray) and [Peptide microarray](/source/Peptide_microarray)s. * Visual feature array, a model for the visual cortex === Computer science === Generally, a collection of same type data items that can be selected by indices computed at run-time, including: * [Array (data structure)](/source/Array_(data_structure)), an arrangement of items at equally spaced addresses in computer memory * [Array (data type)](/source/Array_(data_type)), used in a programming language to specify a variable that can be indexed * [Associative array](/source/Associative_array), an abstract data structure model composed of key-value pairs, often implemented as a hash table or search tree or various kinds of the above, such as: * [Bit array](/source/Bit_array) or bit vector * [Dynamic array](/source/Dynamic_array), allocated at run time * [Jagged array](/source/Jagged_array), an array of arrays of which the member arrays can be of different lengths * [Parallel array](/source/Parallel_array) of records, with each field stored as a separate array * [Sparse array](/source/Sparse_array), with most elements omitted, to store a sparse matrix * [Variable-length array](/source/Variable-length_array) or various related concepts: * [Array programming](/source/Array_programming), using matrix algebra notation in programs (not the same as array processing) * [Array slicing](/source/Array_slicing), the extraction of sub-arrays of an array or also: * [Global Arrays](/source/Global_Arrays), a library for parallel processing * [Intel Array Visualizer](/source/Intel_Array_Visualizer), a piece of scientific graphics software === Mathematics and statistics === * A [standard array](/source/standard_array) in coding theory * An array or [matrix (mathematics)](/source/matrix_(mathematics)) ** a [Costas array](/source/Costas_array) ** a [Monge array](/source/Monge_array) * A [holor](/source/holor) * In statistics, arrays are a name for some kinds of [:Category:Experimental design](/source/%3ACategory%3AExperimental_design) * [Intersection array](/source/Intersection_array) a concept of category theory == Technology == ===Computing=== * [Array data structure](/source/Array_data_structure), an arrangement of data in computer memory * [Asynchronous array of simple processors](/source/Asynchronous_array_of_simple_processors) * [Disk array](/source/Disk_array), such as the RAID * [Gate array](/source/Gate_array), including a [field-programmable gate array](/source/field-programmable_gate_array) (FPGA) * [ICL Distributed Array Processor](/source/ICL_Distributed_Array_Processor), an array processor for the ICL * Integrated circuit packages: ** [Ball grid array](/source/Ball_grid_array) ** [pin grid array](/source/pin_grid_array) ** [land grid array](/source/land_grid_array) * [Processor array](/source/Processor_array) * [Programmable Array Logic](/source/Programmable_Array_Logic) (PAL), a systematic way to implement Boolean functions * [Reconfigurable datapath array](/source/Reconfigurable_datapath_array), a flexible data processing architecture * [Systolic array](/source/Systolic_array), a hardware architecture * [Transistor array](/source/Transistor_array), an integrated circuit * [Video Graphics Array](/source/Video_Graphics_Array) (VGA), a display adapter and many variants thereof * [Wi-Fi array](/source/Wi-Fi_array), a wireless networking device ===Other technologies=== * [Antenna array](/source/Antenna_array) * [Array gain](/source/Array_gain), a telecommunications parameter * [Array processing](/source/Array_processing) of multichannel signals (not to be confused with array programming) * [Color filter array](/source/Color_filter_array), placed over an imaging array * [Field emitter array](/source/Field_emitter_array), an electron source * [Halbach array](/source/Halbach_array), an arrangement of magnets * [Linear diode array](/source/Linear_diode_array) used in image scanners * [Microphone array](/source/Microphone_array) * [Parametric array](/source/Parametric_array) of transducers * [Phased-array optics](/source/Phased-array_optics) * [Photovoltaic array](/source/Photovoltaic_array) * [Staring array](/source/Staring_array), an imaging sensor * [Towed array sonar](/source/Towed_array_sonar) == Other == * A [Commission of Array](/source/Commission_of_Array), a commission for mustering a militia * [ARRAY](/source/ARRAY), an independent film distribution company * [Array Networks](/source/Array_Networks), a computer networking company *[Array Collective](/source/Array_Collective), a Belfast-based artist-activist collaborative project ==References== {{reflist}} Category:Arrays --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Array](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Array) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Array?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.