# Arnhem > Mediated Wiki article. Canonical URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Arnhem > Markdown URL: https://mediated.wiki/source/Arnhem.md > Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnhem > Source revision: 1356982712 > License: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) City and municipality in Gelderland, Netherlands This article is about the Dutch city and municipality. For other uses, see [Arnhem (disambiguation)](/source/Arnhem_(disambiguation)). Not to be confused with [Arnheim](/source/Arnheim_(disambiguation)). City and municipality in Gelderland, Netherlands Arnhem Èrnem (Ernems) City and municipality Musis Sacrum Arnhem Centraal railway station Building by Willem Diehl John Frost Bridge Villa Sonsbeek Flag Coat of arms Brandmark Nicknames: Ernem, Arnheim, Arra, Nultweezes, Nulzesentwintig, 026 Interactive map of Arnhem Arnhem Location within the Netherlands Show map of Netherlands Arnhem Location within Europe Show map of Europe Coordinates: 51°59′N 5°55′E / 51.983°N 5.917°E / 51.983; 5.917 Country Netherlands Province Gelderland Government [1] • Body Municipal council • Mayor Ahmed Marcouch (PvdA) Area [2] • Municipality 101.54 km2 (39.20 sq mi) • Land 97.82 km2 (37.77 sq mi) • Water 3.72 km2 (1.44 sq mi) Elevation [3] 13 m (43 ft) Population (Municipality, January 2021; Urban and Metro, May 2014)[4][5] • Municipality 162,424 • Density 1,660/km2 (4,300/sq mi) • Urban 152,850 • Metro 361,048 Demonym Ernemmer Time zone UTC+1 (CET) • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST) Postcode 6800–6846 Area code 026 Website www.arnhem.nl **Arnhem** (Dutch: [\[ˈɑrnɛm\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Dutch) [ⓘ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nl-Arnhem.ogg) or [\[ˈɑr(ə)nɦɛm\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Dutch) [ⓘ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nl-Arnhem.oga); [German](/source/German_language): *Arnheim* [\[ˈaʁnhaɪm\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German) [ⓘ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:De-Arnheim.ogg); [Ernems](/source/Central_Dutch_dialects): *Èrnem*) is a [city](/source/List_of_cities_in_the_Netherlands_by_province) and [municipality](/source/Municipalities_of_the_Netherlands) situated in the eastern part of the [Netherlands](/source/Netherlands), near the German border. It is the capital of the [province](/source/Provinces_of_the_Netherlands) of [Gelderland](/source/Gelderland) and its third-most populous municipality (after [Nijmegen](/source/Nijmegen) and [Apeldoorn](/source/Apeldoorn)), located on both banks of the rivers [Nederrijn](/source/Nederrijn) and [Sint-Jansbeek](/source/Sint-Jansbeek), which was the source of the city's development. Arnhem is home to the [Hogeschool van Arnhem en Nijmegen](/source/Hogeschool_van_Arnhem_en_Nijmegen), [ArtEZ Institute of the Arts](/source/ArtEZ_Institute_of_the_Arts), [Netherlands Open Air Museum](/source/Netherlands_Open_Air_Museum), [Royal Burgers' Zoo](/source/Royal_Burgers'_Zoo), [NOC*NSF](/source/NOC*NSF) and [National Sports Centre Papendal](/source/National_Sports_Centre_Papendal). The north corner of the municipality is part of the [Hoge Veluwe National Park](/source/Hoge_Veluwe_National_Park). It is approximately 55 square kilometres (21 sq mi) in area, consisting of heathlands, sand dunes, and woodlands.[*[citation needed](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed)*] Arnhem is the namesake of the [Dutch East India Company](/source/Dutch_East_India_Company) (VOC) ship *Arnhem*, which in turn gave its name to [Arnhem Land](/source/Arnhem_Land) and the [Arnhem Land tropical savanna](/source/Arnhem_Land_tropical_savanna) in northern Australia. ## History ### Early history Old city hall The oldest archeological findings of human activity around Arnhem are two firestones of about 70,000 years ago. These come from the [Stone Age](/source/Stone_Age), when the [Neanderthals](/source/Neanderthal) lived in this part of [Europe](/source/Europe). In Schuytgraaf, remnants of a hunters camp from around 5000 BC have been discovered. In [Schaarsbergen](/source/Schaarsbergen), twelve grave mounds were found from 2400 BC, which brought the so-called [Neolithic Revolution](/source/Neolithic_Revolution) to the area of Arnhem, which meant the rise of the farmers. The earliest settlement in Arnhem dates from 1500 BC, of which traces have been found on the Hoogkamp, where the Van Goyenstraat is currently located. In the inner city, around the [Sint-Jansbeek](/source/Sint-Jansbeek), traces of settlement have been found from around 700 BC, while the first traces south of the [Rhine](/source/Rhine) have been found dating to around 500 BC, in the *Schuytgraaf*. Though the early tracks of settlements did show that the early residents of Arnhem descended from the forests on the hills, Arnhem was not built on the banks of the river Rhine, but a little higher along the Sint-Jansbeek. Arnhem arose on the location where the road between [Nijmegen](/source/Nijmegen) and [Utrecht](/source/Utrecht) and [Zutphen](/source/Zutphen) split. Seven streams provided the city with water, and only when the flow of the Rhine was changed in 1530, was the city located on the river. ### Middle Ages Arnhem was first mentioned as such in 893 as *Arneym* or *Arentheym*. In 1233, Count [Otto II](/source/Otto_II%2C_Count_of_Guelders) of [Guelders](/source/County_of_Guelders) from [Zutphen](/source/Zutphen), conferred [city rights](/source/City_rights_in_the_Netherlands) on the town, which had belonged to the abbey of Prüm, settled in, and fortified it. Arnhem entered the [Hanseatic League](/source/Hanseatic_League) in 1443.[6] In 1473, it was captured by [Charles the Bold](/source/Charles_the_Bold) of Burgundy. ### 16th and 17th century In 1514, [Charles of Egmond](/source/Charles_of_Egmond), [duke](/source/Duke) of [Guelders](/source/Duchy_of_Guelders), took it from the dukes of [Burgundy](/source/Duchy_of_Burgundy); in 1543, it fell to the [emperor](/source/Emperor) [Charles V](/source/Charles_V%2C_Holy_Roman_Emperor). As capital of the so-called "Kwartier van Veluwe" it joined the [Union of Utrecht](/source/Union_of_Utrecht) during the [Eighty Years' War](/source/Eighty_Years'_War) in 1579. After [its capture from the Spanish forces](/source/Siege_of_IJsseloord) by Dutch and English troops in 1585 the city became part of the [Republic of the Seven United Provinces of the Netherlands](/source/Dutch_Republic).[6] The French occupied the town from 1672 to 1674. ### 18th and 19th century Huis Zypendaal From 1795 to 1813, it was reoccupied by the French, by both revolutionary and imperial forces. In the early 19th century, the former fortifications were almost completely dismantled, to give space for town expansion. The *Sabelspoort* (Sabresgate) is the only remaining part of the medieval walls. In the 19th century, Arnhem was a genteel resort town famous for its picturesque beauty. It was known as "het Haagje van het oosten" (The Little Hague of the East), mainly because a number of rich former sugar barons or planters from the Indies settled there, as they did in [The Hague](/source/The_Hague). Even now the city is famous for its parks and greenery. The urbanization in the north on hilly terrain is also quite unusual for the Netherlands. ### 20th century #### World War II See also: [Battle of Arnhem](/source/Battle_of_Arnhem) and [Liberation of Arnhem](/source/Liberation_of_Arnhem) During the German occupation ([World War II](/source/World_War_II)), the occupiers operated a subcamp of the [Herzogenbusch concentration camp](/source/Herzogenbusch_concentration_camp) in the city.[7] British soldiers captured at the Battle of Arnhem During [Operation Market Garden](/source/Operation_Market_Garden) (September 1944), the [British 1st Airborne Division](/source/1st_Airborne_Division_(United_Kingdom)), under the command of [Major-General](/source/Major-general_(United_Kingdom)) [Roy Urquhart](/source/Roy_Urquhart), and the [Polish 1st Independent Parachute Brigade](/source/1st_Independent_Parachute_Brigade_(Poland)) were given the task of securing the [bridge](/source/Bridge) at Arnhem. [Glider infantry](/source/Glider_infantry) and [paratrooper](/source/Paratrooper) units were landed into the area on 17 September and later. The bulk of the force was dropped rather far from the bridge and never met their objective. A small element of the British 1st Airborne, the [2nd Parachute Battalion](/source/2nd_Battalion%2C_Parachute_Regiment) under [Lieutenant Colonel](/source/Lieutenant_colonel_(United_Kingdom)) [John D. Frost](/source/John_Frost_(British_Army_officer)), managed to make its way as far as the bridge but was unable to secure both sides. The British troops encountered stiff resistance from the German [9th](/source/9th_SS_Panzer_Division_Hohenstaufen) and [10th SS Panzer Divisions](/source/10th_SS_Panzer_Division_Frundsberg), which had been stationed in and around the city. The [John Frost Bridge](/source/John_Frost_Bridge), seen from the Airborne memorial The British force at the bridge eventually ran out of ammunition and was captured on 21 September, and a full withdrawal of the remaining forces was made on 26 September. These events were dramatized in the 1977 movie *[A Bridge Too Far](/source/A_Bridge_Too_Far_(1977_film))*. (The bridge scenes in the movie were shot in [Deventer](/source/Deventer), where a similar bridge over the [IJssel](/source/IJssel) was available, as the area around Arnhem bridge had changed too much to represent WWII-era Arnhem.) As a tribute, the rebuilt bridge was renamed '[John Frost Bridge](/source/John_Frost_Bridge)' after the commander of the paratroopers. The official commemoration is 17 September. The current bridge is the third almost-identical bridge built at the same spot. The [Dutch Army](/source/Dutch_Army) destroyed the first bridge when the [German Army](/source/German_Army_(Wehrmacht)) [invaded the Netherlands](/source/Battle_of_the_Netherlands) in 1940. The second bridge was destroyed by the [United States Army Air Forces](/source/United_States_Army_Air_Forces) shortly after the 1944 battle. A second battle of Arnhem took place in April 1945 when the city was liberated by the British [49th (West Riding) Infantry Division](/source/49th_(West_Riding)_Infantry_Division) fighting as part of the [First Canadian Army](/source/First_Canadian_Army). The inhabitants of the city, who had been forcibly evacuated by the Germans during and after the battle, returned in the summer of 1945. The reconstruction of Arnhem took until 1969 to finally be completed. Just outside Arnhem, in the town of Oosterbeek the [Commonwealth War Graves Commission](/source/Commonwealth_War_Graves_Commission) built the [Arnhem Oosterbeek War Cemetery](/source/Arnhem_Oosterbeek_War_Cemetery) which contains the graves of most of those killed during the September landings, and many of those killed in later fighting in the area. #### 1945–1999 Arnhem hosted the [1980 Summer Paralympics](/source/1980_Summer_Paralympics).[8] ### 21st century On 6 March 2025, a [major city fire](/source/2025_Arnhem_city_fire) broke out in Arnhem. The fire destroyed a block of shops and upstairs apartments in the historic city center. ## Geography Topographic map of Arnhem. ### Neighbourhoods The municipality of Arnhem consists of the city of Arnhem and the following surrounding suburbs and former villages: - [Elden, Netherlands](/source/Elden%2C_Netherlands) (former village, now totally surrounded by other Arnhem neighbourhoods) - Schaarsbergen Arnhem consists of three districts (*stadsdelen*) and 24 neighbourhoods (*wijken*). Each neighbourhood has a number which corresponds to its [postal code](/source/Postal_codes_in_the_Netherlands). 1. Arnhem Centrum *(Binnenstad)* 1. Arnhem-North *(Spijkerkwartier, Arnhemse Broek, Presikhaaf-West, Presikhaaf-East, St. Marten/Sonsbeek-Zuid, Klarendal, Velperweg, Alteveer en Cranevelt, Geitenkamp, Monnikenhuizen, Burgemeesterswijk/Hoogkamp, Heijenoord/Lombok, Klingelbeek)* 1. Arnhem-South *(Malburgen-West, Malburgen-East (North), Malburgen-East (South), De Laar East/West, Vredenburg/Kronenburg, Elderveld, Rijkerswoerd, Schuytgraaf)* ### Neighbouring villages The outlying areas of the following villages are bordering the municipality of Arnhem directly, which means among others that in many a case a considerable number of their inhabitants originate from Arnhem. - [Velp](/source/Velp%2C_Gelderland) - [Oosterbeek](/source/Oosterbeek) - [Driel](/source/Driel) - [Elst](/source/Elst%2C_Gelderland) - [Huissen](/source/Huissen) - [Wolfheze](/source/Wolfheze) - [Rozendaal](/source/Rozendaal) - [Westervoort](/source/Westervoort) ### Proximity of border with Germany The city lies approximately 15 kilometers from the border with [Germany](/source/Germany), and to some extent the westernmost villages in the municipality of [Elten](/source/Elten), [Germany](/source/Germany), function as dormitories for people who work in the [Dutch](/source/Netherlands) city of Arnhem in part due to the immigration of Dutch people from the region that were attracted by the lower house pricing just across the border. ### Climate Arnhem features the same climate (Cfb, oceanic climate) as all of the Netherlands; however, its location on the foothills of the Veluwe, the largest forest in the Netherlands, contributes to some higher precipitation values. Climate data for Deelen, Arnhem (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1953−present) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C (°F) 14.5 (58.1) 19.5 (67.1) 24.6 (76.3) 29.4 (84.9) 31.9 (89.4) 34.2 (93.6) 39.2 (102.6) 37.2 (99.0) 32.7 (90.9) 26.4 (79.5) 19.5 (67.1) 15.2 (59.4) 39.2 (102.6) Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 5.4 (41.7) 6.5 (43.7) 10.3 (50.5) 14.9 (58.8) 18.6 (65.5) 21.3 (70.3) 23.4 (74.1) 23.0 (73.4) 19.4 (66.9) 14.5 (58.1) 9.3 (48.7) 6.0 (42.8) 14.4 (57.9) Daily mean °C (°F) 2.9 (37.2) 3.2 (37.8) 5.9 (42.6) 9.6 (49.3) 13.3 (55.9) 16.1 (61.0) 18.1 (64.6) 17.7 (63.9) 14.5 (58.1) 10.5 (50.9) 6.4 (43.5) 3.5 (38.3) 10.1 (50.2) Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 0.0 (32.0) -0.0 (32.0) 1.6 (34.9) 3.8 (38.8) 7.5 (45.5) 10.4 (50.7) 12.6 (54.7) 12.3 (54.1) 9.8 (49.6) 6.6 (43.9) 3.3 (37.9) 0.9 (33.6) 5.7 (42.3) Record low °C (°F) −24.2 (−11.6) −23.2 (−9.8) −17.0 (1.4) −9.4 (15.1) −4.5 (23.9) −0.9 (30.4) 2.0 (35.6) 2.4 (36.3) −0.9 (30.4) −6.5 (20.3) −9.9 (14.2) −18.4 (−1.1) −24.2 (−11.6) Average precipitation mm (inches) 79.5 (3.13) 63.7 (2.51) 60.7 (2.39) 43.8 (1.72) 62.9 (2.48) 69.1 (2.72) 86.5 (3.41) 83.9 (3.30) 73.8 (2.91) 73.3 (2.89) 79.5 (3.13) 91.3 (3.59) 868.0 (34.17) Average relative humidity (%) 88.8 85.5 80.0 72.8 72.5 74.5 75.7 77.5 82.5 86.6 90.9 90.8 81.5 Mean monthly sunshine hours 62.7 86.7 135.8 181.6 205.1 196.2 203.2 188.3 148.7 115.9 66.7 53.5 1,644.4 Percentage possible sunshine 24.2 30.8 36.8 43.6 42.2 39.3 40.4 41.4 39.0 35.0 25.0 22.0 35.0 Source: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute[9][10] ## Demographics ### Inhabitants by nationality Arnhem residents by ethnic background (1 January 2023)[11] Country 2023 Netherlands 64.2% European Union 8.9% Turkey 5.2% Indonesia 3.4% Morocco 2.4% Suriname 2.1% Dutch Caribbean 2.1% Other non-western 11.7% ## Places of interest City centre The *[Grote Kerk](/source/St_Eusebius'_Church%2C_Arnhem)* (St. Eusebius' Church), built 1452–1560, lost most of its tower during World War II, of which a part has been reconstructed to a modern design and opened in 1964. Officially the tower is not part of the church and is owned by the municipality. The house of Maarten van Rossum, a general serving Duke Charles van Gelre, has been the town hall since 1830: The [satyrs](/source/Satyr) in its [Renaissance](/source/Renaissance) ornamentation earned it the name *Duivelshuis* (devil's house). The [Netherlands Open Air Museum](/source/Netherlands_Open_Air_Museum) is located outside the city. It includes antique houses, farms, factories, and [windmills](/source/Windmill) from different parts of the Netherlands. Two other windmills stand in Arnhem itself, [De Hoop](/source/De_Hoop%2C_Arnhem) and [De Kroon](/source/De_Kroon%2C_Arnhem). The [Royal Burgers' Zoo](/source/Royal_Burgers'_Zoo) in Arnhem is one of the biggest and most-visited zoos in the Netherlands, featuring an underwater walkthrough, desert, mangrove, and rainforest. The [GelreDome](/source/GelreDome), the home of [Vitesse Arnhem](/source/Vitesse_Arnhem), the city's [Eredivisie](/source/Eredivisie) team in [football](/source/Football_(soccer)), is a unique facility that features a retractable roof and a slide-out grass pitch. The concept has been fully duplicated since then by the [Veltins-Arena](/source/Veltins-Arena) in [Gelsenkirchen](/source/Gelsenkirchen), Germany, and [State Farm Stadium](/source/State_Farm_Stadium) in [Glendale, Arizona](/source/Glendale%2C_Arizona), U.S., and partially by the [Sapporo Dome](/source/Sapporo_Dome) in Japan (which has a sliding pitch but a fixed roof). The [KEMA Toren](/source/KEMA_Toren) (formerly known as *SEP Control Tower*) is the highest structure of the town. It is a 140-m-high TV tower. ### Parks - Sonsbeek Park (Urban park) - Zypendaal Park - Veluwezoom National Park - Hoge Veluwe National Park ### Museums in and around Arnhem - Netherlands Open Air Museum - Airborne Museum 'Hartenstein' - Gemeentemuseum - Museum Bronbeek ### Buildings and locations - Musis Sacrum - Arnhem Centrum - Central Station - Burgers Zoo ## Events Airborne Commemoration (1994) - Airborne Commemoration (17–26 September) - World Statues Festival (The World Championship of [Living Statues](/source/Living_Statue)) - Sonsbeek Theater Avenue - Free Your Mind Festival - Dancetour - 8Bahn - De Rabo Bridge to Bridge (Marathon) - UITboulevard (Cultural Festival) - Sprookjesfestival (Fairy tale Festival) - [King's Day](/source/King's_Day) - [Sinterklaas](/source/Sinterklaas) - Hoogte80 - ASM Festival ## Sport National Sports Centre Papendal [GelreDome](/source/GelreDome) Stadium The [National Sports Centre Papendal](/source/National_Sports_Centre_Papendal) is the national sports development centre of the [Netherlands](/source/Netherlands), located in Arnhem. The first event held at Papendal was the [1980 Summer Paralympics](/source/1980_Summer_Paralympics), from 21 June to 5 July. However the site was formally adopted and developed from 1993, after the merger of the Dutch National Olympic Committee (NOC) and the Nederlandse Sport Federatie (NSF). [NOC*NSF](/source/NOC*NSF) have 90 affiliated national sports organizations, representing about 2700 individual sports clubs.[12] Papendal is also the training location of [football](/source/Association_football) club [Vitesse Arnhem](/source/Vitesse_Arnhem), and the club's youth development system. Supporting facilities include a conference centre and hotel. In preparation for the [2012 Summer Olympics](/source/2012_Summer_Olympics), in 2011 the facility built a replica of the proposed [BMX racing](/source/BMX_racing) track at the [London Velopark](/source/London_Velopark) venue.[13] The track will host the second event on the 2011 [UCI BMX World Championships](/source/UCI_BMX_World_Championships), on 27 and 28 May 2011. Since January 2013 Sports Centre Papendal officially split from NOC * NSF and thus as organization demerges. This split offers Sports Centre Papendal many commercial benefits. There are facilities for various sports, including athletics, cycling and more. Sport in the city is principally focussed on its association football club [Vitesse Arnhem](/source/Vitesse_Arnhem) and its stadium the [GelreDome](/source/GelreDome) built for the [UEFA Euro 2000](/source/UEFA_Euro_2000). The club has enjoyed some success in the [Eredivisie](/source/Eredivisie) and has featured in the [UEFA Cup](/source/UEFA_Europa_League) competition. Their best result in the [Eredivisie](/source/Eredivisie) was third place in 1997[–](/source/2014%E2%80%9315_KNVB_Cup)98. The club won the [KNVB Cup](/source/KNVB_Cup) in [2016–17](/source/2016%E2%80%9317_KNVB_Cup). [Introdans](/source/Introdans) is a dance company based in the city of Arnhem. In 2009 the [Ministry of Education, Culture and Science](/source/Ministry_of_Education%2C_Culture_and_Science) designated Introdans part of the basic national infrastructure. In 2016 was the [Giro d'Italia](/source/2016_Giro_d'Italia) in Arnhem. ## Transport Trolleybus in Arnhem Due to its central location in Eastern Netherlands, Arnhem is a hub for water, road, and rail traffic. Arnhem is [bikeable](/source/Cycling_in_the_Netherlands). The [RijnWaalpad](/source/RijnWaalpad) is a 17 km long bicycle highway and connects Arnhem with [Nijmegen](/source/Nijmegen). It is the region's first fast-paced cycling route. In 2018 the second fast bike route was opened and Arnhem connects with [Wageningen](/source/Wageningen). Arnhem has had a main central railway station since 1845 – [Arnhem Centraal railway station](/source/Arnhem_Centraal_railway_station), which is serviced by several intercity lines and the [Intercity-Express](/source/Intercity-Express) to [Düsseldorf](/source/D%C3%BCsseldorf) and further on to [Frankfurt](/source/Frankfurt). Until 2016, there were also [NS International](/source/NS_International) trains to other destinations abroad, with some coaches going as far as [Moscow](/source/Moscow). The intercity lines provide direct connections to [Utrecht](/source/Utrecht), [Nijmegen](/source/Nijmegen) and [Zutphen](/source/Zutphen). It is also the terminus for several local railway services. Arnhem has three other stations, namely [Arnhem Velperpoort](/source/Arnhem_Velperpoort_railway_station) (since 1953), [Arnhem Presikhaaf](/source/Arnhem_Presikhaaf_railway_station) (since 1969) and [Arnhem Zuid](/source/Arnhem_Zuid_railway_station) (since 2005). [KLM](/source/KLM) operated a bus from the train station to [Schiphol Airport](/source/Schiphol_Airport) for its customers until April 2025.[14][15] Arnhem is unique in the Netherlands with its [trolleybus system](/source/Trolleybuses_in_Arnhem). ## Notable people - [Karel Aalbers](/source/Karel_Aalbers) (1949), Business man and football club president - [Truus van Aalten](/source/Truus_van_Aalten) (1910–1999), actress - [Afro Brothers](/source/Afro_Brothers) (2016), electronic/urban DJ duo - [Blaudzun](/source/Blaudzun) (1974), singer-songwriter - [Marion Bloem](/source/Marion_Bloem) (1952), writer and film maker - [Hetty Blok](/source/Hetty_Blok) (1920–2012), cabaret artist, singer, and actress - [Edmond Classen](/source/Edmond_Classen) (1938–2014), actor - [Ien Dales](/source/Ien_Dales) (1931–1994), politician of the Labour Party (PvdA) - [Esmée Denters](/source/Esm%C3%A9e_Denters) (1988), singer and YouTube celebrity - [Eva Duldig](/source/Eva_Duldig) (1938), Austrian-born Australian and Dutch tennis player, author - [Willibrord Frequin](/source/Willibrord_Frequin) (1941–2022), journalist and television presenter - [Henk Guth](/source/Henk_Guth) (1921–2002), artist - [Aarnoud van Heemstra](/source/Aarnoud_van_Heemstra) (1871–1957), politician and maternal grandfather of [Audrey Hepburn](/source/Audrey_Hepburn) - [Jan van Hooff](/source/Jan_van_Hooff) (1936), biologist - [Kenny van Hummel](/source/Kenny_van_Hummel) (1982), bicycle racer - [Rudolf Jansen](/source/Rudolf_Jansen) (1940–2024), pianist - [Tania de Jong](/source/Tania_de_Jong) (1964), Dutch-born Australian soprano and entrepreneur; daughter of Eva Duldig - [Ferdi Kadıoğlu](/source/Ferdi_Kad%C4%B1o%C4%9Flu) (1999), Dutch-born Turkish football player - [Antonie Kamerling](/source/Antonie_Kamerling) (1966–2010), actor and musician - [Herman Koch](/source/Herman_Koch) (1953), writer and actor - [Hendrik Lorentz](/source/Hendrik_Lorentz) (1853–1928), [physicist](/source/Physicist) and [Nobel Prize](/source/Nobel_Prize) laureate - [Mark van der Maarel](/source/Mark_van_der_Maarel) (1989), former Dutch football player - [William H. Machen](/source/William_H._Machen) (1832–1911), Dutch-born American artist - [Goos Meeuwsen](/source/Goos_Meeuwsen) (1982), circus artist - [Jonas Daniel Meijer](/source/Jonas_Daniel_Meijer) (1780–1834), the first Jewish lawyer in the Netherlands - [Leo Peelen](/source/Leo_Peelen) (1968–2017), track cyclist - [Estavana Polman](/source/Estavana_Polman) (1992), handball player - [Eveline Saalberg](/source/Eveline_Saalberg) (1998), track and field runner - [Joran van der Sloot](/source/Joran_van_der_Sloot) (1987), convicted murderer - [Mart Smeets](/source/Mart_Smeets) (1947), radio and television host, and writer - [Mike Starink](/source/Mike_Starink) (1970), television presenter and actor - [Saar de Swart](/source/Saar_de_Swart) (1861–1951), sculptor - [Rik Toonen](/source/Rik_Toonen) (1954), water polo player, bronze medalist at the [1976 Summer Olympics](/source/1976_Summer_Olympics) - [Linda Wagenmakers](/source/Linda_Wagenmakers) (1975), singer and voice actress ## Facts and figures - *Arnhem* is the name of a march composed by A.E. Kelly. - [Arnhem Land](/source/Arnhem_Land) in Australia is named after the [Dutch East India Company](/source/Dutch_East_India_Company) (VOC) ship *Arnhem*. - *[Theirs is the Glory](/source/Theirs_is_the_Glory)* (also known as *Men of Arnhem*) is a 1946 British war film about the British 1st Airborne Division's involvement in the [Battle of Arnhem](/source/Battle_of_Arnhem) (17 to 25 September 1944) during [Operation Market Garden](/source/Operation_Market_Garden) in the Second World War. Another film, [*A Bridge Too Far*](/source/A_Bridge_Too_Far_(film)), tells the story of the failure of Operation Market Garden in Arnhem. ## Twin towns – sister cities See also: [List of twin towns and sister cities in the Netherlands](/source/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_the_Netherlands) Arnhem is [twinned](/source/Sister_city) with:[16] - [Coventry](/source/Coventry), England, United Kingdom - [Croydon](/source/London_Borough_of_Croydon), England, United Kingdom - [Gera](/source/Gera), Germany - [Hradec Králové](/source/Hradec_Kr%C3%A1lov%C3%A9), Czech Republic - [Kimberley](/source/Kimberley%2C_Northern_Cape), South Africa - [Villa El Salvador](/source/Villa_El_Salvador), Peru - [Airdrie](/source/Airdrie%2C_North_Lanarkshire), Scotland, United Kingdom ## See also - [Arnhem Metal Meeting](/source/Arnhem_Metal_Meeting) ## References 1. **[^](#cite_ref-mayor_now_1-0)** ["Ahmed Marcouch (burgemeester)"](https://web.archive.org/web/20160422070353/https://www.arnhem.nl/Bestuur/college_van_b_w/samenstelling_college) [Ahmed Marcouch (mayor)] (in Dutch). Gemeente Arnhem. Archived from [the original](https://www.arnhem.nl/Bestuur/college_van_b_w/samenstelling_college) on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2014. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** ["Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2020"](https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/84799NED/table?dl=41062) [Key figures for neighbourhoods 2020]. *StatLine* (in Dutch). [CBS](/source/Statistics_Netherlands). 24 July 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2020. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-AHN_3-0)** ["Postcodetool for 6811DG"](https://web.archive.org/web/20130921053543/http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool). *Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland* (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis. Archived from [the original](http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool) on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 10 June 2014. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** ["Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand"](https://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=37230NED&D1=17-18&D2=57-650&D3=l&LA=EN&HDR=T&STB=G1,G2&VW=T) [Population growth; regions per month]. *CBS Statline* (in Dutch). [CBS](/source/Statistics_Netherlands). 1 January 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2022. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** ["Bevolkingsontwikkeling; Regionale kerncijfers Nederland"](https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/70072ned/table?ts=1615235479113) [Regional core figures Netherlands]. *CBS Statline* (in Dutch). [CBS](/source/Statistics_Netherlands). 1 January 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2021. 1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-auto_6-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-auto_6-1) ["Arnhem | Netherlands | Britannica"](https://www.britannica.com/place/Arnhem). May 2023. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Megargee, Geoffrey P. (2009). *The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume I*. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 820. [ISBN](/source/ISBN_(identifier)) [978-0-253-35328-3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-35328-3). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** ["Arnhem 1980"](https://www.paralympic.org/arnhem-1980). 1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** ["Weerstatistieken Deelen"](https://weerstatistieken.nl/deelen). [Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute](/source/Royal_Netherlands_Meteorological_Institute). Retrieved 25 June 2022. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** ["Klimaatviewer 1991-2020"](https://www.knmi.nl/klimaat-viewer/grafieken-tabellen/meteorologische-stations/stations-maand/stations-maand_1991-2020). [Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute](/source/Royal_Netherlands_Meteorological_Institute). Retrieved 25 June 2022. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** ["Mosaic3"](https://arnhem.incijfers.nl/dashboard/staat-van-de-stad/bevolking). *arnhem.incijfers.nl*. Retrieved 25 April 2023. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-About_12-0)** ["Over ons (About us)"](http://www.nocnsf.nl/over-nocnsf/) (in Dutch). NOC*NSF. Retrieved 4 December 2010. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** Ollie Williams (25 March 2011). ["Building a London 2012 venue - in a Dutch forest"](https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/olliewilliams/2011/03/building_a_london_2012_venue_-.shtml). *BBC Sport*. Retrieved 25 March 2011. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-14)** "[Travel by bus or rail with a KLM ticket](https://www.klm.com/travel/us_en/plan_and_book/ticket_information/travel_by_train_on_a_klm_ticket/index.htm) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20161029112125/https://www.klm.com/travel/us_en/plan_and_book/ticket_information/travel_by_train_on_a_klm_ticket/index.htm) 29 October 2016 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)." [KLM](/source/KLM). Retrieved 29 October 2016. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-15)** Marks, Jitka (28 January 2025). ["Geen gratis bus naar Schiphol meer vanuit Nijmegen en Arnhem"](https://www.gld.nl/nieuws/8264576/geen-gratis-bus-naar-schiphol-meer-vanuit-nijmegen-en-arnhem). *www.gld.nl*. 1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** ["Arnhem"](http://www.amazing-holland.nl/assets/arnhem-dutch.pdf) (PDF). *amazing-holland.nl* (in Dutch). Amazing Holland. p. 11. Retrieved 21 July 2021. ## External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Arnhem](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Arnhem). Wikivoyage has a travel guide for ***[Arnhem](https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Arnhem#Q1310)***. - [Municipality](https://web.archive.org/web/20090419163655/http://www.arnhem.nl/english/) Official website (English version) - [VVV Arnhem](http://www.arnhemnijmegenregion.com/arnhem) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20180412004109/http://www.arnhemnijmegenregion.com/arnhem) 12 April 2018 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine) Tourist Office (English version) - [Commonwealth War Graves Commission](http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/2063800) The CWGC Page for the cemetery. Places adjacent to Arnhem Ede Apeldoorn Rozendaal Renkum Arnhem Rheden Overbetuwe Lingewaard IJssel / Westervoort v t e Municipalities of Gelderland Aalten Apeldoorn Arnhem Barneveld Berg en Dal Berkelland Beuningen Bronckhorst Brummen Buren Culemborg Doesburg Doetinchem Druten Duiven Ede Elburg Epe Ermelo Harderwijk Hattem Heerde Heumen Lingewaard Lochem Maasdriel Montferland Neder-Betuwe Nijkerk Nijmegen Nunspeet Oldebroek Oost Gelre Oude IJsselstreek Overbetuwe Putten Renkum Rheden Rozendaal Scherpenzeel Tiel Voorst Wageningen West Betuwe West Maas en Waal Westervoort Wijchen Winterswijk Zaltbommel Zevenaar Zutphen See also Netherlands Provinces Municipalities v t e Capital cities of the Kingdom of the Netherlands National capital: Amsterdam Seat of government: The Hague Constituent countries Provinces Public bodies Oranjestad, Aruba Willemstad, Curaçao Amsterdam, Netherlands Philipsburg, Sint Maarten Assen, Drenthe Lelystad, Flevoland Leeuwarden, Friesland Arnhem, Gelderland Groningen, Groningen Maastricht, Limburg 's-Hertogenbosch, North Brabant Haarlem, North Holland Zwolle, Overijssel The Hague, South Holland Utrecht, Utrecht Middelburg, Zeeland Kralendijk, Bonaire The Bottom, Saba Oranjestad, Sint Eustatius See also: List of cities in the Netherlands by province v t e Summer Paralympic Games host cities 1960: Rome 1964: Tokyo 1968: Tel Aviv 1972: Heidelberg 1976: Toronto 1980: Arnhem 1984: New York City / Stoke Mandeville 1988: Seoul 1992: Barcelona / Madrid 1996: Atlanta 2000: Sydney 2004: Athens 2008: Beijing 2012: London 2016: Rio de Janeiro 2020: Tokyo 2024: Paris 2028: Los Angeles 2032: Brisbane Authority control databases International ISNI VIAF GND FAST WorldCat National United States France BnF data Czech Republic Spain Vatican Israel Catalonia Geographic MusicBrainz area Other IdRef Yale LUX --- Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Arnhem](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnhem) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnhem?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.