# Apsines

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{{Short description|Greek rhetorician}}
{{other uses}}
'''Apsines of Gadara''' ({{langx|grc|Ἀψίνης ὁ Γαδαρεύς}}; fl. 3rd century AD) was a [Greek](/source/Greece) [rhetoric](/source/rhetoric)ian. He was a native of the [Hellenised](/source/Hellenization) city of [Gadara](/source/Gadara),<ref name=Blank2019>Blank, David, [https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2019/entries/philodemus/ "Philodemus"], The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2019 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), accessed 3 June 2020.</ref> whose ruins stand today at the border of [Jordan](/source/Jordan) with [Syria](/source/Syria) and [Israel](/source/Israel). Apsines went on to study at [Smyrna](/source/Smyrna) and taught at [Athens](/source/Athens), gaining such a reputation that he was raised to the [consul](/source/consul)ship by the emperor [Maximinus](/source/Maximinus_I). He was a rival of [Fronto of Emesa](/source/Fronto_of_Emesa), and a friend of [Philostratus](/source/Philostratus), the author of the ''Lives of the Sophists'', who praises his wonderful memory and accuracy.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Apsines|volume=2|page=232}}</ref>

Two rhetorical treatises by him are extant:
# His Τέχνη ῥητορική ("Art of Rhetoric") is a greatly interpolated handbook of rhetoric, a considerable portion being taken from the ''Rhetoric'' of [Longinus](/source/Longinus_(literature))<ref name="EB1911"/> and other material from [Hermogenes](/source/Hermogenes_(philosopher)) (the scholar Malcolm Heath posits this work was actually written by [Aspasius of Tyre](/source/Aspasius_of_Tyre));<ref name="Menander">{{cite book
| last = Heath
| first = Malcolm
| title = Menander: A Rhetor in Context
| publisher = [Oxford University Press](/source/Oxford_University_Press)
| date = 2004
| pages = 56–60
| language = English
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VVgTDAAAQBAJ
| isbn = 9780199259205 }}</ref>
an English translation was first published in 1997. Malcolm Heath has argued (''APJ'' 1998) that the work's attribution to Apsines is incorrect.
# A smaller work, Περὶ ἐσχηματισμένων προβλημάτων ("on Propositions maintained figuratively").<ref name="EB1911"/>

==Editions==
* [Jan Bake](/source/Jan_Bake) (1849)
* Spengel-Hammer, ''Rhetores Graeci'' (1894)
* [Mervin R. Dilts](/source/Mervin_R._Dilts) and [George A. Kennedy](/source/George_A._Kennedy_(classicist)), eds., ''Two Greek Rhetorical Treatises from the Roman Empire'' (Brill, 1997)

==References==
{{reflist}}
* Hammer, ''De Apsine Rhetore'' (1876)
* Volkmann, ''Letorile der Griechen und Romer'' (1885)

==External links==
* [http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/1998/1998-08-08.html Bryn Mawr Classical Review page on Dilts/Kennedy]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Apsines}}
Category:3rd-century Greek writers
Category:Ancient Greek rhetoricians
Category:Ancient Greek educators
Category:Rhetoric theorists
Category:3rd-century writers
Category:Roman-era Athenian rhetoricians
Category:Ancient Smyrna
Category:3rd-century Roman consuls
Category:Ancient Greeks in Rome
Category:Year of birth unknown
Category:Year of death unknown

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