# Aphaneramma

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Extinct genus of amphibians

Aphaneramma Temporal range: Early Triassic PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Clade: Tetrapoda Order: †Temnospondyli Suborder: †Stereospondyli Family: †Trematosauridae Subfamily: †Lonchorhynchinae Genus: †Aphaneramma Woodward, 1904 Type species †Aphaneramma rostratum Woodward, 1904 Other species †A. gavialimimus Fortuny et al., 2017 †A. kokeni (von Huene, 1920) Synonyms Halobatrachus Hammer, 1987

Early Triassic and Anisian marine predators:[1] 7. *Aphaneramma*

***Aphaneramma*** is an [extinct](/source/Extinct) [genus](/source/Genus) of marine [temnospondyl](/source/Temnospondyl) [amphibian](/source/Amphibian). It lived during the [Early Triassic](/source/Early_Triassic) [epoch](/source/Epoch_(geology)), approximately 252–247 [Ma](/source/Megaannum) ago, and had a global distribution.

Fossils have been found in the [Mianwali Formation](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mianwali_Formation&action=edit&redlink=1) of [Pakistan](/source/Pakistan),[2] [Madagascar](/source/Madagascar),[3] the [Zhitkov Formation](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zhitkov_Formation&action=edit&redlink=1) of Russia,[4] the [Vikinghøgda Formation](/source/Vikingh%C3%B8gda_Formation) (Kongressfjellet Formation) of [Svalbard](/source/Svalbard) ([Norway](/source/Norway)),[5] and the [Blina Shale](/source/Blina_Shale) of [Western Australia](/source/Western_Australia) [6].

*Aphaneramma* had a [skull](/source/Skull) about 40 centimetres (16 in) in length.[3] Its jaws were very long, similar to the extant [gharial](/source/Gharial)'s, and lined with small [teeth](/source/Teeth). This adaptation suggests that it may have preyed on fish. A [marine](/source/Marine_biology) lifestyle for this animal was proposed.[1]

*Aphaneramma* is closely related to *[Cosgriffius](/source/Cosgriffius)* from [North America](/source/North_America).

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Scheyer2014_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Scheyer2014_1-1) Scheyer, Torsten M.; Romano, Carlo; Jenks, Jim; Bucher, Hugo (19 March 2014). ["Early Triassic Marine Biotic Recovery: The Predators' Perspective"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3960099). *PLOS ONE*. **9** (3) e88987. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[2014PLoSO...988987S](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014PLoSO...988987S). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1371/journal.pone.0088987](https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0088987). [PMC](/source/PMC_(identifier)) [3960099](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3960099). [PMID](/source/PMID_(identifier)) [24647136](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24647136).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** Maisch, Michael W. (31 March 2020). "*Aphaneramma kokeni* (von Huene, 1920), a lonchorhynchine trematosaurid (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from the Lower Triassic of Pakistan". *Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen*. **295** (3): 211–241. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1127/njgpa/2020/0879](https://doi.org/10.1127%2Fnjgpa%2F2020%2F0879). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [216325073](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:216325073).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-:0_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-:0_3-1) Fortuny, Josep; Gastou, Stéphanie; Esquillié, François; Ranivoharimanana, Lovasoa; Steyer, Sébastien (29 June 2017). ["A new extreme longirostrine temnospondyl from the Triassic of Madagascar: phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographical implications for trematosaurids"](https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/A_new_extreme_longirostrine_temnospondyl_from_the_Triassic_of_Madagascar_phylogenetic_and_palaeobiogeographical_implications_for_trematosaurids/5155366). *Journal of Systematic Palaeontology*. **16** (8): 675–688. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/14772019.2017.1335805](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14772019.2017.1335805). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [134191156](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:134191156).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FWZhitkov_4-0)** [Zhitkov Formation](https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=47293) at [Fossilworks](/source/Fossilworks).org

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** [Woodward, Arthur Smith](/source/Arthur_Smith_Woodward) (1904). "On two new labyrinthodont skulls of the genera *Capitosaurus* and *Aphaneramma*". *Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London*. **1904** (3): 170–176. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1111/j.1469-7998.1904.tb08328.x](https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1469-7998.1904.tb08328.x).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Kear, Benjamin P.; Campione, Nicolás E.; Siversson, Mikael; Bazzi, Mohamad; Hart, Lachlan J. (2026-02-22). ["Revision of the trematosaurid Erythrobatrachus noonkanbahensis confirms a cryptic marine temnospondyl community from the Lower Triassic of Western Australia"](https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2025.2601224). *Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology*. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/02724634.2025.2601224](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02724634.2025.2601224). [hdl](/source/Hdl_(identifier)):[1959.4/107120](https://hdl.handle.net/1959.4%2F107120). [ISSN](/source/ISSN_(identifier)) [0272-4634](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0272-4634).

v t e Stereospondyli Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Clade: Tetrapodomorpha Order: Temnospondyli Tetrapodomorpha see Tetrapodomorpha Temnospondyli see Temnospondyli Stereospondyli see below↓ Stereospondyli Stereospondyli Arachana Capulomala Peltobatrachus Lapillopsidae Lapillopsis Manubrantlia Rhigerpeton Rotaurisaurus Rhinesuchidae Australerpeton? Broomistega Laccosaurus Parapytanga? Rastosuchus Rhineceps Rhinesuchoides Rhinesuchus Uranocentrodon Lydekkerinidae Chomatobatrachus Cryobatrachus Deltacephalus Eolydekkerina Indobenthosuchus Luzocephalus? Lydekkerina Capitosauria Antarctosuchus Bukobaja Calmasuchus Capitosaurus Cherninia Cyclotosaurus Edingerella Eocyclotosaurus Eryosuchus Heptasaurus Huangfuchuansuchus Jammerbergia Kestrosaurus Kupferzellia Mastodonsaurus Meyerosuchus Odenwaldia Paracyclotosaurus Parotosuchus Quasicyclotosaurus Procyclotosaurus Promastodonsaurus Rhadalognathus Samarabatrachus Sassenisaurus Sclerothorax Selenocara Stanocephalosaurus Stenotosaurus Subcyclotosaurus Tatrasuchus Vladlenosaurus Volgasaurus Volgasuchus Warrenisuchus Watsonisuchus Wellesaurus Wetlugasaurus Xenotosuchus Yuanansuchus Trematosauria see below↓ Trematosauria Trematosauria Almasaurus Bothriceps Callistomordax Chinlestegophis Keratobrachyops Laidleria Latiscopus Qantas Rileymillerus Syrtosuchus Uruyiella Benthosuchidae Benthosuchus Kwatisuchus Trematosauridae Angusaurus Aphaneramma Cosgriffius Erythrobatrachus Gonioglyptus Hyperokynodon Icanosaurus Indolyrocephalus Inflectosaurus Lyrocephaliscus Microposaurus Panchetosaurus Platystega Prothoosuchus Stoschiosaurus Tertrema Tertremoides Thoosuchus Tirraturhinus Trematolestes Trematosuchoides Trematosaurus Trematosuchus Trematotegmen Wantzosaurus Metoposauridae Anaschisma Apachesaurus Arganasaurus Buettnererpeton Dutuitosaurus Metoposaurus Panthasaurus Rhytidosteidae Boreopelta Mahavisaurus Nanolania Peltostega Pneumatostega Rhytidosteus Sangaia Trucheosaurus Derwentiinae Arcadia Acerastia Deltasaurus Derwentia Indobrachyops Rewana Chigutisauridae Arenaerpeton Chigutisaurus Compsocerops Koolasuchus Pelorocephalus Siderops Brachyopidae Banksiops Bathignathus Batrachosaurus Batrachosuchoides Batrachosuchus Blinasaurus Brachyops Gobiops Hadrokkosaurus Notobrachyops Platycepsion Sinobrachyops Vanastega Vigilius Xenobrachyops Plagiosauridae Gerrothorax Megalophthalma Plagiobatrachus Plagiorophus Plagiosaurus Plagioscutum Plagiosternum Plagiosuchus See also: Trematosauroidea Metoposauroidea Rhytidosteoidea Brachyopomorpha Brachyopoidea Plagiosauroidea Category

Taxon identifiers Aphaneramma Wikidata: Q2544680 GBIF: 4815904 IRMNG: 1104108 Open Tree of Life: 4948452 Paleobiology Database: 37125

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Aphaneramma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphaneramma) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphaneramma?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.