# Anthony Cheung

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Hong Kong politician and academic

For the composer and pianist, see [Anthony Cheung (composer)](/source/Anthony_Cheung_(composer)).

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Professor Anthony Cheung Bing-leung GBS, JP 張炳良 Secretary for Transport and Housing In office 1 July 2012 – 30 June 2017 Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying Preceded by Eva Cheng Succeeded by Frank Chan 5th President of the Hong Kong Institute of Education In office January 2008 – 2012 Preceded by Lee Wing-on (acting) Succeeded by Cheng Yin-Cheong (acting) Personal details Born (1952-11-17) 17 November 1952 (age 73) Party Meeting Point (1983-1994) Democratic Party (1994–2004) Independent (2004–present) Alma mater BSocSc (HKU) MSc (Aston University) PhD in Government (LSE)

**Anthony Cheung Bing-leung**, [GBS](/source/Gold_Bauhinia_Star), [JP](/source/Justice_of_the_Peace) ([Chinese](/source/Traditional_Chinese_characters): 張炳良; born 17 November 1952) is a Hong Kong politician and academic. He was the [Secretary for Transport and Housing](/source/Secretary_for_Transport_and_Housing) from 2012 to 2017 and 5th President of the [Hong Kong Institute of Education](/source/Hong_Kong_Institute_of_Education) (HKIEd). He was one of the few government officials coming from a [pro-democracy](/source/Pro-democracy_camp) background.[1]

Cheung was a member of the [Legislative Council of Hong Kong](/source/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong) ([Election Committee constituency](/source/Election_Committee_(constituency))) and a vice-chairman of the [Democratic Party](/source/Democratic_Party_of_Hong_Kong). He founded SynergyNet, a policy think tank, after he quit the Democratic party in 2004 and provides public comment on policy issues. He was also professor of Public and Social Administration in [City University of Hong Kong](/source/City_University_of_Hong_Kong). In 2011, he called for a separate regulatory code for the emerging class of [political assistants](/source/Political_Appointments_System#Political_assistants) and policy advisers, who are between civil servants and executive officials.[2]

## Education

Cheung is a graduate of [Wah Yan College, Hong Kong](/source/Wah_Yan_College%2C_Hong_Kong), a prestigious boys' [Roman Catholic](/source/Roman_Catholic) government school in Hong Kong.

He has a PhD in Government from the [London School of Economics](/source/London_School_of_Economics) (1995), an MSc in Public Sector Management from [Aston University](/source/Aston_University) (1984) and a BSocSc in Sociology and Economics from the [University of Hong Kong](/source/University_of_Hong_Kong) (HKU) (1974). He was in the same cohort with [Yeung Sum](/source/Yeung_Sum), another leading figure of [Meeting Point](/source/Meeting_Point) and later Democratic Party.

In 1992, Cheung was originally appointed as one of the [Hong Kong Affairs Advisors](/source/Hong_Kong_Affairs_Advisor) by Beijing, but was withdrawn after his announcement of formation of Democratic Party together with [United Democrats of Hong Kong](/source/United_Democrats_of_Hong_Kong) in 1994.[3]

## Career

Cheung joined [Hong Kong Government](/source/Hong_Kong_Government) after graduating from HKU. He worked in the [Government Secretariat](/source/Government_Secretariat_(Hong_Kong)) and [Independent Commission Against Corruption](/source/Independent_Commission_Against_Corruption_(Hong_Kong)) (ICAC). He was later the Chairman of [Consumer Council](/source/Consumer_Council_(Hong_Kong)) from 2007 to 2012.

## Political activities

Cheung joined Meeting Point, a moderate pro-democratic party. He became Chairman from 1989 to 1994. After the merging of [United Democrats of Hong Kong](/source/United_Democrats_of_Hong_Kong) and Meeting Point, Cheung was the Vice-Chairman until 2004, when he resigned after a series of internal conflicts between him and the more radical Young Turks (少壯派).

In 2002, he and [Andrew Fung](/source/Andrew_Fung) co-founded SynergyNet (新力量網絡), a policy think tank.

In July 2022, Cheung said that people from Hong Kong should be realistic and not make [universal suffrage](/source/Democratic_development_in_Hong_Kong) a main priority.[4]

## Research

Cheung joined City Polytechnic of Hong Kong (now City University of Hong Kong) in 1986. He specializes in [Hong Kong politics](/source/Hong_Kong_politics), especially on civil service and public administration. He describes the narrative of administrative efficiency proposed by the colonial government as the effort to re-establish legitimacy and power amid the growing assertiveness of China and increasing influence of political parties, as the move diverts political pressure to respective departments.[5]

He argues that post-Handover Hong Kong government should change its mindset and pay more attention to public opinion. Instead of following the colonial approach of administrative absorption of politics (a term coined by [Ambrose King](/source/Ambrose_King)), leaders and administrators should develop creative and effective strategies to respond to influential business sector, vocal political parties and an assertive [China](/source/China).[6]

As the Secretary for Transport and Housing, Cheung wrote in 2013 that the polarization and fragmentation of Hong Kong society is harmful and destructive to its political and economic well-being. He called for better coordination with the [legislature](/source/Legislative_Council_of_Hong_Kong), more attention to responsiveness and representation as well as "stronger social policy emphasis in public administration."[7]

## Works

**Books**

- *Public Service Reform in East Asia: Reform Issues and Challenges in Japan, Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong*. [Chinese University Press](/source/Chinese_University_Press). 2005. (Editor)

- *Governance and Public Sector Reform in Asia: Paradigm Shift or Business As Usual*. [RoutledgeCurzon](/source/RoutledgeCurzon). 2003. (Co-edited with Ian Scott)

- *Public Sector Reform in Hong Kong: Into the 21st Century*. [Chinese University Press](/source/Chinese_University_Press). 2001. (Co-edited with Jane Lee)

**Articles**

- "Public Governance Reform in Hong Kong: Rebuilding Trust and Governability." *International Journal of Public Sector Management* 26.5 (2013): 421–36.

- "Can There Be An Asian Model of Public Administration?." *Public Administration and Development* 33.4 (2013): 249–61.

- "One country, two experiences: administrative reforms in China and Hong Kong." *[International Review of Administrative Sciences](/source/International_Review_of_Administrative_Sciences)* 78.2 (2012): 261–83.

- "Public administration in East Asia: legacies, trajectories and lessons." *International Review of Administrative Sciences* 78.2 (2012): 209–16.

- "Global aspirations and strategising for world-class status: new form of politics in higher education governance in Hong Kong." *[Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management](/source/Journal_of_Higher_Education_Policy_and_Management)* 33.3 (2011): 231–51. (with Ka Ho Mok)

- "In Search of Trust and Legitimacy: The political Trajectory of Hong Kong as Part of China." *International Public Management Review* 11.2 (2010): 38–63.

- "A Response to "Building Administrative Capacity for the Age of Rapid Globalization: A Modest Prescription for the Twenty-First Century"." *[Public Administration Review](/source/Public_Administration_Review)* 69.6 (2009): 1034–6.

- "Evaluating the [Ombudsman System](/source/Office_of_the_Ombudsman_(Hong_Kong)) of Hong Kong: Towards Good Governance and Citizenship Enhancement." *Asia Pacific Law Review* 17.1 (2009): 73–94.

- "The story of two administrative states: state capacity in Hong Kong and [Singapore](/source/Singapore)." *Pacific Review* 21.2 (2008): 121–45.

- "Combating Corruption as a Political Strategy to Rebuild Trust and Legitimacy: Can China Learn from Hong Kong?." *International Public Management Review* 8.2 (2007): 48–71.

- "Executive-Led Governance or Executive Power ‘Hollowed-Out’-The Political Quagmire of Hong Kong." *Asian Journal of Political Science* 15.1 (2007): 17–38.

- "Policy Capacity in Post-1997 Hong Kong: Constrained Institutions Facing a Crowding and Differentiated Polity." *Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration* 29.1 (2007): 51–75.

- "[Judicial Review](/source/Judicial_review_in_Hong_Kong) and Policy Making in Hong Kong: Changing Interface Between the Legal and the Political." *Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration* 28.2 (2006): 117–41. (with Max W L Wong)

- "Reinventing Hong Kong’s Public Service: Same [NPM](/source/New_Public_Administration) Reform, Different Contexts and Politics." *International Journal of Organizational Theory & Behaviour* 9.2 (2006): 212–34.

- "Budgetary reforms in two city states: impact on the central budget agency in Hong Kong and Singapore." *International Review of Administrative Sciences* 72.3 (2006): 341–61.

- "How Autonomous are Public Corporations in Hong Kong? The Case of the [Airport Authority](/source/Airport_Authority_Hong_Kong)." *Public Organization Review* 6 (2006): 221–36.

- "Bureaucrats–Enterprise Negotiation in China's Enterprise Reform at the Local Level: case studies in [Guangzhou](/source/Guangzhou)." *[Journal of Contemporary China](/source/Journal_of_Contemporary_China)* 14.45 (2005): 695–720.

- "What's in A Pamphlet? Shortfalls and paradoxical flaws in Hong Kong's performance pledges." *Public Management Review* 7.3 (2005): 341–66.

- "Whose Reason? Which Rationality? Understanding the ‘Real Worlds’ of Hong Kong’s Public Managers." *[Philosophy of Management](/source/Philosophy_of_Management)* 5.1 (2005): 3–14.

- "The Politics of Administrative Reforms in Asia: Paradigms and Legacies, Paths and Diversities." *[Governance](/source/Governance_(journal))* 18.2 (2005): 257–82.

- "Hong Kong's Post-1997 Institutional Crisis: Problems of Governance and Institutional Incompatibility." *[Journal of East Asian Studies](/source/Journal_of_East_Asian_Studies)* 5.1 (2005): 135–67.

- "Who Advised the Hong Kong Government? The Politics of Absorption before and after 1997." *[Asian Survey](/source/Asian_Survey)* 44.6 (2004): 874–94. (with Paul C. W. Wong)

- "Strong Executive, Weak Policy Capacity: The Changing Environment of Policy-making in Hong Kong." *Asian Journal of Political Science* 12.1 (2004): 1–30.

- "Customerizing the Tenants, Empowering the Managers: Impact of Public Housing Governance Reform in Hong Kong." *[Housing, Theory and Society](/source/Housing%2C_Theory_and_Society)* 20.2 (2003): 98–109. (with N. M. Yip)

- "Health Finance." *The Chinese Economy* 35.6 (2002): 34–67. (with Gu Xingyuan)

- "Modernizing Public Healthcare Governance in Hong Kong: A Case Study of Professional Power in New Public Management." *Public Management Review* 4.3 (2002): 343–65.

- "Public enterprises and privatization in East Asia: paths, politics and prospects." *Public Finance and Management* 2.1 (2002): 81–116.

- "The New Two-Pronged Strategy of Enterprise Reform in China." *[Problems of Post-Communism](/source/Problems_of_Post-Communism)* 48.5 (2001): 52–61. (with [Ma Ngok](/source/Ma_Ngok) and Mok Ka-ho)

- "Civil Service Reform in Post-1997 Hong Kong: Political Challenges, Managerial Responses?." *International Journal of Public Administration* 24.9 (2001): 929–50.

- "Post-Transition Hong Kong." *International Journal of Public Administration* 24.9 (2001): 843–6. (with Ming Sing)

- "The Paradox of China’s Wage System Reforms: Balancing Stakeholders’ Rationalities." *Public Administration Quarterly* 24.4 (2000): 491–521. (with [Kitty Poon](/source/Kitty_Poon))

- "Globalization versus Asian Values: Alternative Paradigms in Understanding Governance and Administration." *Asian Journal of Political Science* 8.2 (2000): 1–16.

- "New Interventionism in the Making: Interpreting state interventions in Hong Kong after the change of sovereignty." *Journal of Contemporary China* 9.24 (2000): 291–308.

- "Understanding public-sector reforms: global trends and diverse agendas." *International Review of Administrative Sciences* 63.4 (1997): 435–57.

- "Rebureaucratization of Politics in Hong Kong: Prospects after 1997." *Asian Survey* 37.8 (1997): 720–37.

- "Public sector reform and the re-legitimation of public bureaucratic power: The case of Hong Kong." *International Journal of Public Sector Management* 9.5/6 (1996): 37–50.

- "Performance pledges–power to the consumer or a quagmire in public service legitimation?." *International Journal of Public Administration* 19.2 (1996): 233–59.

- "Efficiency As the Rhetoric: Public-Sector Reform in Hong Kong Explained." *International Review of Administrative Sciences* 62.1 (1996): 31–47.

- "Public Sector Reform in Hong Kong: Perspectives and Problems." *Asian Journal of Public Administration* 14.2 (1992): 115–48.

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)** [Professor the Honourable Anthony CHEUNG Bing-leung, BBS, JP](http://www.ceo.gov.hk/exco/eng/anthony_cheung_bing-leung.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20081023120501/http://www.ceo.gov.hk/exco/eng/anthony_cheung_bing-leung.html) 23 October 2008 at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** [The third force](http://www.scmp.com/portal/site/SCMP/menuitem.2af62ecb329d3d7733492d9253a0a0a0/?vgnextoid=17a11760ebe53310VgnVCM100000360a0a0aRCRD&ss=Hong+Kong&s=News), SCMP. 2 November 2011

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** ["張炳良夥結港同盟 中方撤港顧聘約"](https://news.mingpao.com/pns/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/article/20240420/s00002/1713545331920/%E3%80%90%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%88%E6%8E%A0%E5%BD%B1%E3%80%911994%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5-%E5%BC%B5%E7%82%B3%E8%89%AF%E5%90%88%E7%B5%84%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8-%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%92%A4%E8%81%98). Ming Pao. 20 May 1994.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Standard, The. ["Political reform no longer on HK's agenda: Anthony Cheung"](https://www.thestandard.com.hk/breaking-news/section/4/191908/Political-reform-no-longer-on-HK%27s-agenda:-Anthony-Cheung). *The Standard*. Retrieved 4 July 2022.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Cheung, Anthony B. L. (1996). "Public sector reform and the re-legitimation of public bureaucratic power: The case of Hong Kong". *International Journal of Public Sector Management*. **9** (5/6): 46. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1108/09513559610146339](https://doi.org/10.1108%2F09513559610146339).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Cheung, Anthony (2007). "Policy Capacity in Post-1997 Hong Kong: Constrained Institutions Facing a Crowding and Differentiated Polity". *Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration*. **29** (1): 68. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1080/23276665.2007.10779328](https://doi.org/10.1080%2F23276665.2007.10779328). [S2CID](/source/S2CID_(identifier)) [154545614](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154545614).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** Cheung, Anthony B.L. (2013). "Public Governance Reform in Hong Kong: Rebuilding Trust and Governability". *International Journal of Public Sector Management*. **26** (5): 428–9. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1108/IJPSM-05-2013-0070](https://doi.org/10.1108%2FIJPSM-05-2013-0070).

## External links

- [Executive Councillor Anthony Cheung's Virtual Office](https://web.archive.org/web/20170611174859/http://anthonyblcheung.org/main/index.php)

Party political offices Preceded by Yeung Sum Chairman of Meeting Point 1989–1994 Merged into Democratic Party New political party Vice Chairperson of Democratic Party 1994–1998 Served alongside: Yeung Sum Succeeded by Lau Chin-shek Legislative Council of Hong Kong New constituency Member of Legislative Council Representative for Election Committee 1995–1997 Replaced by Provisional Legislative Council Political offices Preceded by KC Chan Chairman of Hong Kong Consumer Council 2007–2012 Succeeded by Wong Yuk-shan Preceded by Eva Cheng Secretary for Transport and Housing 2012–2017 Succeeded by Frank Chan Chairman of Hong Kong Housing Authority 2012–2017 Academic offices Preceded by Lee Wing-on acting President of the Hong Kong Institute of Education 2008–2012 Succeeded by Cheng Yin-cheong acting

v t e Current members of the Executive Council of Hong Kong President: John Lee (Chief Executive)1 Official members Secretaries of Departments Eric Chan Paul Chan Paul Lam Deputy Secretaries of Departments Warner Cheuk Michael Wong Horace Cheung Secretaries Rosanna Law Erick Tsang Christopher Hui Chris Tang Tse Chin-wan Algernon Yau Lo Chung-mau Mable Chan Bernadette Linn Winnie Ho Ingrid Yeung Christine Choi Sun Dong Alice Mak Chris Sun Non-official members Convenor Regina Ip Members Arthur Li Jeffrey Lam Tommy Cheung Martin Liao Joseph Yam Ronny Tong Lam Ching-choi Kenneth Lau Moses Cheng Margaret Leung Chan Kin-por Eliza Chan Ko Wing-man Stanley Ng Gary Chan 1 The Chief Executive serves as the President of the ExCo, but is not a member of the ExCo.

v t e Democratic Party Leadership and notable members Chairpersons Martin Lee Yeung Sum Lee Wing-tat Albert Ho Emily Lau Wu Chi-wai Lo Kin-hei Vice-Chairpersons Anthony Cheung Lau Chin-shek Law Chi-kwong Chan King-ming Sin Chung-kai Tik Chi-yuen Richard Tsoi Andrew Wan Li Wing-shing Lam Cheuk-ting Edith Leung LegCo members Conrad Lam Albert Chan Cheung Man-kwong Fung Chi-wood James To Michael Ho Huang Chen-ya Man Sai-cheong Ng Ming-yum Fred Li Zachary Wong Andrew Cheng Tsang Kin-shing John Tse Wong Sing-chi Kam Nai-wai Helena Wong Ted Hui Roy Kwong Internal elections Leadership elections 1994 (Lee) 1996 1998 2000 2002 (Yeung) 2004 (Lee) 2006 (Ho) 2008 2010 2012 (Lau) 2014 2016 (Wu) 2018 2020 (Lo) 2022 2024 LegCo primaries 2016 Related groups Predecessors Frontier Hong Kong Affairs Society Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood Meeting Point United Democrats of Hong Kong Split groups League of Social Democrats Third Side Neo Democrats Real brother Local alliances Pro-democracy camp Civil Human Rights Front Hong Kong Alliance in Support of Patriotic Democratic Movements in China Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union Group of 190 Joint Committee on the Promotion of Democratic Government International affiliated Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats Liberal International Hong Kong Portal

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Anthony Cheung](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Cheung) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Cheung?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.