# Anson Burlingame

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American politician and diplomat (1820–1870)

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Anson Burlingame Burlingame, c. 1860–1865 United States Minister to the Qing Empire In office August 20, 1862 – November 21, 1867 President Abraham Lincoln Andrew Johnson Preceded by John Elliot Ward Succeeded by John Ross Browne Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts's 5th district In office March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1861 Preceded by William Appleton Succeeded by William Appleton Personal details Born (1820-11-14)November 14, 1820 New Berlin, New York, U.S. Died February 23, 1870(1870-02-23) (aged 49) Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire Resting place Mount Auburn Cemetery Party American, Republican Alma mater University of Michigan Detroit Branch School Harvard University Signature

**Anson Burlingame** (November 14, 1820 – February 23, 1870) was an American lawyer, [Republican](/source/Republican_party_(United_States))/American Party legislator, diplomat, and [abolitionist](/source/Abolitionism_in_the_United_States). As diplomat, he served as the U.S. minister to [China](/source/Qing_dynasty) (1862–1867) and then as China's envoy to the U.S., which resulted in the 1868 landmark [Burlingame Treaty](/source/Burlingame_Treaty).

## Early life and career

Burlingame was born in [New Berlin, New York](/source/New_Berlin%2C_New_York). In 1823 his parents (Joel Burlingame and Freelove Angell) took him to Ohio, and about ten years afterwards to Michigan. Between 1838 and 1841 he studied at the Detroit branch of the [University of Michigan](/source/University_of_Michigan),[1] and in 1846 graduated from [Harvard Law School](/source/Harvard_Law_School). He was a brother of the [Delta Kappa Epsilon](/source/Delta_Kappa_Epsilon) fraternity (Sigma chapter). On June 3, 1847, he married Jane Cornelia Livermore. They had sons, [Edward Livermore Burlingame](/source/Edward_L._Burlingame) (born 1848) and Walter Angell Burlingame (born 1852), and a daughter Gertrude Burlingame (born 1856).

Burlingame practiced law in Boston, Massachusetts, and won a wide reputation by his speeches for the [Free Soil Party](/source/United_States_Free_Soil_Party) in 1848. He was a member of the Massachusetts constitutional convention in 1853, of the [Massachusetts State Senate](/source/Massachusetts_State_Senate) from 1853 to 1854, and of the [United States House of Representatives](/source/United_States_House_of_Representatives) from 1855 to 1861, being elected for the first term as a [Know Nothing](/source/Know-Nothing_movement) and afterwards as a member of the new [Republican Party](/source/United_States_Republican_Party), which he helped to organize in Massachusetts.

## Burlingame vs. Preston Brooks

In May 1856, Senator [Charles Sumner](/source/Charles_Sumner) (R-Massachusetts) delivered a fiery anti-slavery speech. He was subsequently [brutally assaulted in the Senate chamber](/source/Caning_of_Charles_Sumner) by Representative [Preston Brooks](/source/Preston_Brooks) (D-[South Carolina](/source/South_Carolina)), who was hailed as a hero by the pro-slavery South.[2]

Shortly afterwards, Burlingame delivered what *[The New York Times](/source/The_New_York_Times)* referred to as "the most celebrated speech"[3] of his career: a scathing denunciation of Brooks' assault on Sumner, branding him as "the vilest sort of coward" on the House floor.[4] In response, Brooks challenged Burlingame to a duel, stating he would gladly face him "in any Yankee [mudsill](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mudsill) of his choosing". Burlingame eagerly accepted; as the challenged party, he had his choice of weapons and location. A well-known marksman, he selected rifles as the weapons and the Navy Yard on the Canadian side of the U.S. border in [Niagara Falls](/source/Niagara_Falls%2C_New_York) as the location (in order to circumvent the U.S. ban on dueling). Brooks, reportedly dismayed by both Burlingame's unexpectedly enthusiastic acceptance and his reputation as a crack shot, neglected to show up, instead citing unspecified risks to his safety if he were to cross "hostile country" (the northern U.S. states) in order to reach Canada.[5] Burlingame's solid defense of a fellow Bostonian greatly raised his stature throughout the North.[6]

## Diplomatic posts

Burlingame was given this [Daimyo Oak](/source/Daimyo_Oak) [bonsai](/source/Bonsai) when he passed through Japan during his return to the U.S. It is on display at the Gardens of Lake Merritt, Oakland, California.[7]

### Minister to China (Qing Empire)

On March 22, 1861, after Burlingame lost his bid for re-election, President [Abraham Lincoln](/source/Abraham_Lincoln) appointed Burlingame as [Minister](/source/Envoy_(title)) to the [Austrian Empire](/source/Austrian_Empire), but Burlingame, who had championed the Hungarian [Lajos Kossuth](/source/Lajos_Kossuth) and his drive for independence from the Austrian Empire, was not acceptable and did not serve.[8]

Lincoln instead appointed Burlingame as minister to the [Qing Empire](/source/Qing_Dynasty). Burlingame worked for a cooperative policy rather than the imperialistic policies of force which had been used during the [First](/source/First_Opium_War) and [Second Opium Wars](/source/Second_Opium_War) and developed relations with the reform elements of the court.[9] As he put it, the "cooperative policy... substituted for the old doctrine of violence one of fair diplomatic action," and the representatives of the Western powers agreed that they would not interfere in the internal affairs of China. Burlingame reported that he had used his diplomacy to get the European powers to agree that they would "give to the treaties a fair and Christian construction; that they ... never would menace the territorial integrity of China."[10]

### China's envoy to U.S. and European nations

The success of this diplomacy was not lost on Qing dynasty court officials. On November 16, 1867, he was set to retire and return to his political career at home. Reform officials in the court, however, wanted to send a mission abroad to expand and formalize relations, but in the words of Burlingame's instructions, feared that "without training and experience [the officials] would not be at all familiar with foreign manners and customs". The emperor appointed Burlingame envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to head a Chinese diplomatic mission to the United States and the principal European nations. The mission, which included two Chinese ministers, an English and a French secretary, six students from Peking, and a considerable retinue, arrived in the United States in March 1868.[11]

Burlingame campaigned and made a series of speeches across the country. His eloquent oratory advocated equal treatment of China and a welcoming stance toward Chinese immigrants. When the delegation reached Washington, Burlingame used his personal relations with the Republican administration to negotiate a relatively quick and favorable treaty. On July 28, 1868, negotiations agreed on a series of articles, supplementary to the [Reed Treaty of 1858](/source/Treaty_of_Tientsin), and later known as the [Burlingame Treaty](/source/Burlingame_Treaty). The treaty provided that Chinese subjects in the United States should enjoy the same rights as citizens of the [most favored nation](/source/Most_favored_nation), a legal strategy which up until that point had only been used to expand foreign privileges in China. Burlingame successfully got the treaty to include a clause permitting Chinese to become citizens, which had been barred by American law. This treaty was the first equal treaty between China and a western power after the Opium War.[12]

Burlingame went on to negotiate treaties with Denmark, Sweden, Holland, and Prussia.[13] He died suddenly at [Saint Petersburg](/source/Saint_Petersburg) on February 23, 1870, while negotiating terms for a treaty with Russia. Although there was no suspicion at the time or for nearly 150 years, researchers in 2025 published evidence from diplomatic dispatches, official reports, private letters, and medical journals that they charge indicated a "likely assassination." They point to arsenic, citing Burlingame’s symptoms, their severity, and progression from onset to death over six days.[14]

To honor his memory, the Court in Beijing raised Burlingame's posthumous status to the First Rank and awarded his family a pension of $10,000.[15] He was buried in [Mount Auburn Cemetery](/source/Mount_Auburn_Cemetery) in [Cambridge, Massachusetts](/source/Cambridge%2C_Massachusetts).[16]

## Family

His son [Edward L. Burlingame](/source/Edward_L._Burlingame) was founding editor of *[Scribner's Magazine](/source/Scribner's_Magazine)*. His grandson (Edward's son), [Roger Burlingame](/source/Roger_Burlingame), was an author of fiction, nonfiction, and biographies.

## Legacy

Bust of Anson Burlingame, by Zhou Limin, at the Burlingame Public Library 2018[17][18]

After Burlingame's death, the spirit and many of the specific provisions of the treaty bearing his name were reversed. Foreign powers continued to encroach upon China, and Congress passed strict laws against Chinese immigration. The success of the Communist Revolution of 1949 led to animosity between the two countries and Burlingame's reputation was as a naive and euphoric advocate of China. After warming of relations in the 1980s, Burlingame's reputation began to rise again, however.[19][15] [Burlingame, California](/source/Burlingame%2C_California); [Burlingame, Kansas](/source/Burlingame%2C_Kansas); and [Anson, Wisconsin](/source/Anson%2C_Wisconsin), are all named after Anson Burlingame.[20] The [ranch which Burlingame purchased](/source/Rancho_San_Mateo) in [San Mateo](/source/San_Mateo_County%2C_California) on the San Francisco Bay retained his name and was eventually developed after his death.[21]

Anson Burlingame's portrait, painted by Albion Harris Bicknell, hangs in historic [Faneuil Hall](/source/Faneuil_Hall), Boston. In 2018, upon the 150th anniversary of the [Burlingame Treaty](/source/Burlingame_Treaty), a new bust of Anson Burlingame sculpted by Zhou Limin was unveiled at an international ceremony held at the Burlingame Public Library in [Burlingame, California](/source/Burlingame%2C_California).[17][18]

## References and further reading

- Anderson, David L. "Anson Burlingame: American Architect of the Cooperative Policy in China, 1861–1871." *Diplomatic history* 1.3 (1977): 239–256. [online](https://www.jstor.org/stable/24909964)

- Anderson, David L. "Anson Burlingame: Reformer and Diplomat." *Civil War History* 25.4 (1979): 293–308. [online](https://muse.jhu.edu/article/419837/summary)

- "[Banquet to His Excellency Anson Burlingame and his associates of the Chinese embassy by the citizens of New York, on Tuesday, June 23, 1868](https://www.loc.gov/item/14017792/)." (New York: Sun Book and Job, 1868). Pamphlet Collection, Library of Congress.

- Biggerstaff, Knight. "The Official Chinese Attitude Toward the Burlingame Mission" *American Historical Review,* 41#4 (1936), pp. 682–702 [online](https://www.jstor.org/stable/1842607)

- Burlingame, Barbara; Burlingame, Jack (2025). ["Dangerous Diplomacy and the Ghost of Anson Burlingame"](https://brill.com/view/journals/jaer/32/2/article-p154_003.xml). *Journal of American-East Asian Relations*. **32** (2): 154–186. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1163/18765610-32020003](https://doi.org/10.1163%2F18765610-32020003).

- Jue, Stanton (2011). ["Anson Burlingame, An American Diplomat"](https://americandiplomacy.web.unc.edu/2011/09/anson-burlingame-an-american-diplomat/). *American Diplomacy*..

- Palmer, Friend; Hunt, Harry P.; June, Charles Mills (1906). [*Early days in Detroit; papers written by General Friend Palmer of Detroit, being his personal reminiscences of important events and descriptions of the city for over eighty years*](https://archive.org/details/earlydaysindetro00palmuoft). Hunt & June. [OCLC](/source/OCLC_(identifier)) [1361237087](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1361237087).

- Schrecker, John. "'For the Equality of Men -- for the Equality of Nations': Anson Burlingame and China's First Embassy to the United States, 1868," *[Journal of American-East Asian Relations](/source/Journal_of_American-East_Asian_Relations)* 17.1 (2010): 9-34. [online](https://www.burlingame.org/library/Anson%20Burlingame/Burlingame%20JAEAR.pdf)

- Williams, Frederick Wells. *Anson Burlingame and the First Chinese Mission to Foreign Powers* (New York: Scribner's, 1912). [online](https://books.google.com/books?id=j8wNAAAAIAAJ&dq=%27%27Anson+Burlingame%22&pg=PA3)

## Notes

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPalmerHuntJune1906674–709_1-0)** [Palmer, Hunt & June 1906](#CITEREFPalmerHuntJune1906), pp. 674–709.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-2)** John Schrecker, "'For the Equality of Men -- for the Equality of Nations': Anson Burlingame and China's First Embassy to the United States, 1868." *Journal of American-East Asian Relations*, 17.1 (2010): 10.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-3)** *The New York Times*, February 24, 1870, p. 5.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** [Defence of Massachusetts. Speech of Hon. Anson Burlingame, of Massachusetts, in the House of representatives, June 21, 1856](https://name.umdl.umich.edu/AAR7990.0001.001), University of Michigan Library Digital Collections

1. **[^](#cite_ref-5)** Walsh, Warren B. "The Beginnings of the Burlingame Mission", *The Far Eastern Quarterly*, Vol. 4.3 (May 1945): 274–277.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-6)** Schrecker, "'For the Equality of Men -- for the Equality of Nations'": 10.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-7)** ["Gardensatlakemerritt.org – Welcome to the Bonsai Garden"](https://web.archive.org/web/20120715001155/http://gardensatlakemerritt.org/welcome-to-the-bonsai-garden-at-lake-merritt/). Archived from [the original](http://gardensatlakemerritt.org/welcome-to-the-bonsai-garden-at-lake-merritt) on July 15, 2012. Retrieved August 1, 2012.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-8)** Williams, Anson Burlingame.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-9)** Kim, S. S. (1971), "Burlingame and the Inauguration of the Co-Operative Policy", *Modern Asian Studies*, **5** (4): 337–54, [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1017/S0026749X00014797](https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0026749X00014797), [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [stable/312051](https://www.jstor.org/stable/stable/312051)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-10)** Schrecker, "'For the Equality of Men -- for the Equality of Nations'", 11.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-11)** Biggerstaff, Knight (1942), "A Translation of Anson Burlingame's Instructions from the Chinese Foreign Office", *The Far Eastern Quarterly*, **1** (3): 278, [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.2307/2049185](https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2049185), [JSTOR](/source/JSTOR_(identifier)) [2049185](https://www.jstor.org/stable/2049185)

1. **[^](#cite_ref-12)** Schrecker, "'For the Equality of Men -- for the Equality of Nations'", 29–30.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-13)** [Gilman, D. C.](/source/Daniel_Coit_Gilman); Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). ["Burlingame, Anson"](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Burlingame,_Anson). *[New International Encyclopedia](/source/New_International_Encyclopedia)* (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBurlingameBurlingame2025_14-0)** [Burlingame & Burlingame (2025)](#CITEREFBurlingameBurlingame2025).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJue2011_15-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJue2011_15-1) [Jue (2011)](#CITEREFJue2011).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-16)** ["Anson Burlingame"](https://www.nps.gov/people/anson-burlingame.htm). *[National Park Service](/source/National_Park_Service)*. Retrieved June 11, 2025.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-bhs2018_17-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-bhs2018_17-1) ["Anson Burlingame Bust Unveiled in Library"](https://burlingamehistory.org/2018/12/24/anson-burlingame-bust-unveiled-in-library/). *Burlingame Historical Society*. Burlingame, California. November 16, 2018. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20190509021118/https://burlingamehistory.org/2018/12/24/anson-burlingame-bust-unveiled-in-library/) from the original on May 9, 2019. Retrieved May 8, 2019.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-tv2018_18-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-tv2018_18-1) ["The Unveiling Of The Bust Of Anson Burlingame"](http://www.dingdingtv.com/?p=30777&lang=en). *dingdingtv.com*. Silicon Valley Innovation Channel. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20191027012544/http://www.dingdingtv.com/?p=30777&lang=en) from the original on October 27, 2019. Retrieved May 8, 2019.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-19)** Schrecker, "'For the Equality of Men -- for the Equality of Nations'", 33–34.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-20)** John Rydjord, Kansas Place Names (University of Oklahoma Press, 1981), 357.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-21)** Burlingame Family Papers, Library of Congress.

## External links

- [Wilson, J. G.](/source/James_Grant_Wilson); [Fiske, J.](/source/John_Fiske_(philosopher)), eds. (1900). ["Burlingame, Anson"](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Appletons%27_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography/Burlingame,_Anson). *[Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography](/source/Appletons'_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_of_American_Biography)*. New York: D. Appleton.

- United States Congress. ["Anson Burlingame (id: B001112)"](http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B001112). *[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress](/source/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress)*.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to [Anson Burlingame](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Anson_Burlingame).

- [Works by or about Anson Burlingame](https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Burlingame%2C%20Anson%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Anson%20Burlingame%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Burlingame%2C%20Anson%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Anson%20Burlingame%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Burlingame%2C%20A%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Anson%20Burlingame%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Burlingame%2C%20Anson%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Anson%20Burlingame%22%29%20OR%20%28%221820-1870%22%20AND%20Burlingame%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29) at the [Internet Archive](/source/Internet_Archive)

- [Anson Burlingame and the Daimyo Oak](http://www.magiminiland.org/1800Refs/Burlingame.html)

- Burlingame Public Library, [Anson Burlingame Historical Documents](https://burlingame.org/621/Anson-Burlingame-Historical-Documents). Documents, articles, letters, and such, by and about Burlingame.

- [Anson Burlingame and Edward L. Burlingame family papers, 1810-1922](https://www.loc.gov/item/mm78014373/), Library of Congress.

- [Works by Anson Burlingame](https://librivox.org/author/17914) at [LibriVox](/source/LibriVox) (public domain audiobooks)

U.S. House of Representatives Preceded by William Appleton Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts's 5th congressional district March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1861 Succeeded by William Appleton Diplomatic posts Preceded by J. Glancy Jones U.S. Minister to the Austrian Empire (did not serve) 1861 Succeeded by J. Lothrop Motley Preceded by John E. Ward U.S. Minister to China 1861–1867 Succeeded by Ross Browne

v t e United States ambassadors to China Great Qing Empire Commissioner Cushing (Envoy) Everett Davis Parker (chargé d’affaires) Marshall McLane Parker Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary Reed Ward Burlingame Browne Low Avery Seward Angell Young Denby Conger Rockhill Calhoun Republic of China (Beijing) Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary Calhoun Reinsch Crane Schurman Republic of China (Nanjing) Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary MacMurray Johnson Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Johnson Gauss Hurley Stuart Republic of China (Taipei) Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Rankin Drumright Kirk Wright McConaughy Unger People's Republic of China Chiefs of the U.S. Liaison Office in Beijing Bruce Bush Gates Woodcock Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Woodcock Hummel Lord Lilley Roy Sasser Prueher Randt Huntsman Locke Baucus Branstad Burns Perdue See also: American Institute in Taiwan

v t e United States representatives from Massachusetts 1st district F. Ames Dexter Goodhue Holten Sedgwick Skinner Sedgwick J. Bacon Eustis Quincy Ward Jr. Mason Gorham Webster Gorham N. Appleton Gorham A. Lawrence Fletcher A. Lawrence Winthrop N. Appleton Winthrop S. Eliot W. Appleton Scudder T. D. Eliot Hall T. D. Eliot Buffington Crapo R. Davis Randall Wright G. Lawrence Treadway Heselton Conte Olver Neal 2nd district Goodhue Foster W. Lyman Sedgwick Ward Sr. W. Lyman Shepard J. Crowninshield Story Pickman W. Reed Pickering Silsbee Barstow B. Crowninshield Choate Phillips Saltonstall D. King Rantoul Fay Crocker Buffington O. Ames Harris Long E. Morse Gillett Churchill Bowles Kaynor Granfield Clason Furcolo Boland Neal McGovern 3rd district Gerry Bourne Coffin S. Lyman Mattoon Cutler Nelson Livermore White Pickering Nelson Varnum Nelson Osgood Cushing A. Abbott Duncan Edmands Damrell C. Adams Thomas A. Rice Twichell Whiting I Pierce Field B. Dean Field Ranney L. Morse J. Andrew Walker J. R. Thayer R. Hoar C. Washburn J. A. Thayer Wilder Paige F. Foss Casey Philbin Drinan Donohue Early Blute McGovern N. Tsongas Trahan 4th district Sedgwick Dearborn G. Thatcher Wadsworth Foster L. Lincoln Sr. Hastings Varnum W. Richardson Dana Stearns Fuller E. Everett Sa. Hoar Parmenter Thompson Palfrey Thompson Sabine Walley Comins A. Rice Hooper Frost J. Abbott L. Morse Collins O'Neil Apsley Weymouth Tirrell Mitchell Wilder Winslow Stobbs P. Holmes Donohue Drinan Frank Kennedy III Auchincloss 5th district Partridge Bourne Freeman L. Williams T. Dwight Ely Mills Lathrop Sibley J. Davis L. Lincoln Jr. Hudson C. Allen W. Appleton Burlingame W. Appleton Hooper Alley Butler Gooch Banks Bowman L. Morse Hayden Banks Sh. Hoar Stevens Knox B. Ames J. Rogers E. Rogers B. Morse Cronin P. Tsongas Shannon Atkins Meehan N. Tsongas Markey Clark 6th district G. Thatcher Leonard J. Reed Sr. J. Smith Taggart S. Allen Locke Kendall Grennell Alvord Baker Ashmun G. Davis Upham T. Davis Alley Gooch Banks Butler Thompson Loring Stone Lovering Lodge Cogswell Moody Gardner Lufkin A.P. Andrew G. Bates W. Bates Harrington Mavroules Torkildsen Tierney Moulton 7th district Leonard Ward Sr. Leonard Bullock Bishop Mitchell Barker Baylies Turner Baylies Hulbert Shaw H. Dwight S. Allen Grennell Briggs J. Rockwell Goodrich Banks Gooch Boutwell Brooks Esty E. Hoar Tarbox Butler W. Russell Stone Cogswell W. Everett Barrett Roberts Phelan Maloney W. Connery L. Connery Lane Macdonald Markey Capuano Pressley 8th district Grout G. Thatcher F. Ames Otis Eustis L. Williams Green Gardner Green J. Reed Jr. Baylies Sampson Hobart Lathrop Bates Calhoun J. Adams Mann Wentworth Knapp Train Baldwin G. Hoar J. M. S. Williams Warren Claflin Candler W Russell C. H. Allen Greenhalge Stevens McCall Deitrick Dallinger H. Thayer Dallinger Healey Goodwin Macdonald O'Neill Kennedy II Capuano Lynch 9th district Varnum Bishop J. Dean Wheaton J. Reed Jr. Folger J. Reed Jr. H. Dwight Briggs Jackson Hastings H. Williams Hale Fowler Little De Witt E. Thayer Bailey A. Walker W. Washburn Crocker G. Hoar W. Rice T. Lyman Ely Burnett Candler G. Williams O'Neil Fitzgerald Conry Keliher Murray Roberts Fuller Underhill Luce R. Russell Luce T. H. Eliot Gifford Nicholson Keith McCormack Hicks Moakley Lynch Keating 10th district Goodhue Sewall Read Hastings Upham J. Allen Brigham Wheaton Morton F Baylies Bailey H. A. S. Dearborn W. Baylies Borden H. Williams Borden Burnell Grinnell Scudder Dickinson Chaffee Delano Dawes Crocker Stevens Seelye Norcross W. Rice J. E. Russell J. Walker McEttrick Atwood Barrows Naphen McNary O'Connell Curley Murray Tague Fitzgerald Tague Douglass Tinkham Herter Curtis Martin Heckler Studds Delahunt Keating 11th district Bradbury Bartlett Cutler Stedman A. Bigelow Brigham B. Adams J. Russell Hobart J. Richardson J. Adams J. Reed Jr. Burnell Goodrich Trafton Dawes Chapin Robinson Whiting II Wallace Coolidge Draper Sprague Powers Sullivan Peters Tinkham Douglass Higgins Flaherty Curley Kennedy O'Neill Burke Donnelly 12th district H. Dearborn I. Parker Lee S. Thatcher Skinner Larned Bidwell Bacon Dewey Hulbert Strong Kendall L. Bigelow Baylies Hodges J. Adams Robinson F. Rockwell Crosby E. Morse Lovering Powers Weeks Curley Gallivan McCormack Keith Studds 13th district Wadsworth Seaver Ruggles Dowse Eustis J. Reed Jr. Randall Simpkins Greene Weeks Mitchell Carter Luce Wigglesworth Burke 14th district G. Thatcher Cutts C. King J. Holmes Lovering E. Foss Harris Gilmore Olney Frothingham Wigglesworth Martin 15th district Wadsworth Ilsley Whitman Widgery Bradbury Whitman Greene Leach Martin Gifford 16th district S. Thatcher Cook Tallman S. Davis Brown Orr Hill Thacher Walsh Gifford 17th district Bruce Chandler Gannett F. Carr Wood J. Carr Wilson Kinsley 18th district Wilson T. Rice J. Parker 19th district J. Parker Conner Gage Cushman 20th district Hubbard Parris E. Lincoln At-large Cobb

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