# Anomalographis

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Genus of lichen-forming fungi

Anomalographis Scientific classification Kingdom: Fungi Division: Ascomycota Class: Lecanoromycetes Order: Graphidales Family: Graphidaceae Genus: Anomalographis Kalb (1992) Type species Anomalographis madeirensis (Tav.) Kalb (1992) Species A. madeirensis A. tulliensis

***Anomalographis*** is a [genus](/source/Genus) of two species of [lichen](/source/Lichen)-forming [fungi](/source/Fungi) in the family [Graphidaceae](/source/Graphidaceae).[1][2] These lichens form pale grey to yellow-brown [crusts](/source/Crustose_lichen) and are characterized by elongated, slit-like [fruiting bodies](/source/Fruiting_bodies) containing very small [spores](/source/Spore) divided by a single [internal wall](/source/Septum). One species grows on shaded [volcanic rock](/source/Volcanic_rock) faces in [Madeira](/source/Madeira), while the other was discovered growing on tree bases in northeastern [Queensland](/source/Queensland) rainforest, showing the genus can [colonize](/source/Colonisation_(biology)) both rock and bark surfaces in humid, shaded environments.

## Taxonomy

*Anomalographis* was [circumscribed](/source/Circumscription_(taxonomy)) by the German lichenologist [Klaus Kalb](/source/Klaus_Kalb) in 1992. He assigned *[A. madeirensis](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anomalographis_madeirensis&action=edit&redlink=1)* as the [type](/source/Type_species), and at the time, only species in the genus.[3] An additional species newly described from Australia was added to *Anomalographis* in 2013.[4]

## Description

*Anomalographis* comprises two species that share a pale grey- to yellow-brown crust ([thallus](/source/Thallus)) lacking a [cortex](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#cortex) and bearing [lirelliform](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#lirelliform) fruiting bodies with a pale, non-[carbonised](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#carbonised) [excipulum](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#excipulum). The [hymenium](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#hymenium) is clear and non-[inspersed](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#inspersed), and the *[Graphis](/source/Graphis_(lichen))*-type [asci](/source/Ascus) contain eight [hyaline](/source/Hyaline), I–, 1-septate [ascospores](/source/Ascospore). *A. madeirensis* has a smooth, crystal-dusted surface, contains [norstictic acid](/source/Norstictic_acid), and produces spores 8–11 μm long, whereas the newly described *A. tulliensis* forms a finely sorediate bark-dwelling crust, lacks detectable [lichen products](/source/Lichen_product), and has slightly smaller spores (6–8 × 3–4 μm).[5][4]

Superficially similar genera such as *[Acanthothecis](/source/Acanthothecis)*, *[Anomomorpha](/source/Anomomorpha)*, *[Carbacanthographis](/source/Carbacanthographis)*, *[Fissurina](/source/Fissurina)* and *[Gymnographopsis](/source/Gymnographopsis)* differ by some combination of [inspersion](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#inspersion), [muriform](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#muriform) or iodine-positive spores, or fully [carbonised](/source/Glossary_of_lichen_terms#carbonised) exciples; the coexistence of a clear hymenium, pale excipulum and very small, thin-walled, I–, 1-septate spores is diagnostic for *Anomalographis*.[5]

## Ecology

*Anomalographis madeirensis* is [saxicolous](/source/Saxicolous_lichen), occupying shaded [volcanic rock](/source/Volcanic_rock) faces on [Madeira](/source/Madeira), whereas *A. tulliensis* grows on the bases of trees in [submontane](/source/Submontane) rainforest at about 620 m in north-eastern Queensland; the latter record extends the genus to Australia and confirms its ability to [colonise](/source/Colonisation_(biology)) both bark and rock in humid, shaded habitats.[4]

## References

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Wijayawardene_et_al._2020_1-0)** Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, LKT; S, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). ["Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa"](https://doi.org/10.5943%2Fmycosphere%2F11%2F1%2F8). *Mycosphere*. **11**: 1060–1456. [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8](https://doi.org/10.5943%2Fmycosphere%2F11%2F1%2F8). [hdl](/source/Hdl_(identifier)):[10481/61998](https://hdl.handle.net/10481%2F61998).

1. **[^](#cite_ref-CoL_WS3_2-0)** ["*Anomalographis*"](https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/WS3). *[Catalogue of Life](/source/Catalogue_of_Life)*. [Species 2000](/source/Species_2000): Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 18 June 2025.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-Kalb_&_Hafellner_1992_3-0)** Kalb, K.; Hafellner, J. (1992). "Bemerkenswerte Flechten und lichenicole Pilze von der Insel Madeira" [Remarkable lichens and lichenicolous fungi from the island of Madeira]. *Herzogia* (in German). **9** (1–2): 45–102. [Bibcode](/source/Bibcode_(identifier)):[1992Herz....9...45K](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992Herz....9...45K). [doi](/source/Doi_(identifier)):[10.1127/herzogia/9/1992/45](https://doi.org/10.1127%2Fherzogia%2F9%2F1992%2F45).

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Archer_&_Elix_2013_4-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Archer_&_Elix_2013_4-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Archer_&_Elix_2013_4-2) Archer, Alan W.; Elix, John A. (2013). ["*Anomalographis tulliensis*, a new species in the Australian Graphidaceae"](https://www.anbg.gov.au/abrs/lichenlist/AL_73.pdf) (PDF). *Australasian Lichenology*. **73**: 10–11.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Lücking_&_Rivas_Plata_2008_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Lücking_&_Rivas_Plata_2008_5-1) Lücking, Robert; Rivas Plata, Eimy (2008). ["Clave y guía ilustrada para géneros de Graphidaceae"](https://archive.org/details/2008_Glalia_1_1) [Key and illustrated guide to genera of Graphidaceae]. *GLALIA* (in Spanish). **1** (1): 1–39.

Taxon identifiers Anomalographis Wikidata: Q4769924 Wikispecies: Anomalographis AusLichen: 30016428 CoL: WS3 EoL: 22628 GBIF: 3418693 IndexFungorum: 25421 IRMNG: 1258176 MycoBank: 25421 Open Tree of Life: 4067335 SpeciesFungorum: 25421

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