# Anemonoides trifolia

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Species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae

Anemonoides trifolia Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae Clade: Embryophytes Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Spermatophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: Eudicots Order: Ranunculales Family: Ranunculaceae Genus: Anemonoides Species: A. trifolia Binomial name Anemonoides trifolia (L.) Holub Synonyms[1] Anemonanthea trifolia (L.) Nieuwl. Anemone nemorosa subsp. trifolia (L.) Ces. Anemone trifolia L. Anemone trifolia subsp. brevidentata Ubaldi & Puppi Anemonoides trifolia subsp. brevidentata (Ubaldi & Puppi) Galasso, Banfi & Soldano

***Anemonoides trifolia*** (syn. *Anemone trifolia*), the **three-leaved anemone**, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the buttercup family ([Ranunculaceae](/source/Ranunculaceae)).[1]

## Description

The plant has [stems](/source/Plant_stem) growing 10–30 cm tall and bear single, white (rarely pale pink or pale bluish) [flowers](/source/Flower) two centimetres in diameter, with five to nine (most often six) elliptical [tepals](/source/Tepals). The fruit is a cluster of 2 mm [achenes](/source/Achene). Its [leaves](/source/Leaf) are divided into three lanceolate leaflets and form a single whorl of three leaves per stem; the leaflets have a toothed but not lobed margin. The [rhizome](/source/Rhizome), found directly below the surface is whitish, and tends to form dense [clonal colonies](/source/Clonal_colony).[2][3][4] In subsp. *albida*, the achenes are pendulous.[3] The flowering period extends from April through June.

		- Close-up of the flower

		- Plants

		- Leaves

The species differs from *[Anemonoides nemorosa](/source/Anemonoides_nemorosa)* in its white or pale blue [anthers](/source/Anther) (unlike the yellow anthers of *A. nemorosa*) and simple lanceolate leaflets lacking the deep lobing of *A. nemorosa*.[2]

## Distribution

*Anemonoides trifolia* is very similar to *Anemonoides nemorosa*, but has a more restricted range in southern and central [Europe](/source/Europe), from [Portugal](/source/Portugal) and [Spain](/source/Spain) east to [Hungary](/source/Hungary), and locally north to [Finland](/source/Finland), where one small population occurs.[5]

## Habitat

It occurs in hardwood forests and rocky sites up to 1860 metres of altitude.[2]

## Subspecies

The Portuguese and Spanish populations are distinguished as *A. trifolia* subsp. *albida*, with the remaining populations being *A. trifolia* subsp. *trifolia*.[5]

## References

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-powo_1-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-powo_1-1) ["*Anemonoides trifolia* (L.) Holub"](https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:13542-2). *Plants of the World Online*. [Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew](/source/Royal_Botanic_Gardens%2C_Kew). Retrieved 9 August 2020.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Huxley_2-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Huxley_2-1) [***c***](#cite_ref-Huxley_2-2) Huxley, A. (1967). *Mountain Flowers*. Blandford Press, London.

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-rhs_3-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-rhs_3-1) *The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening* 1: 172.

1. **[^](#cite_ref-4)** Biodiversity in Galicia: [*Anemone trifolia* subsp. *albida*](http://www.biga.org/Plantae/Galeria/Familias/Ranunculaceae/Anemone/Anemone_trifolia_subsp_albida_uk.html) [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20110725073207/http://www.biga.org/Plantae/Galeria/Familias/Ranunculaceae/Anemone/Anemone_trifolia_subsp_albida_uk.html) July 25, 2011, at the [Wayback Machine](/source/Wayback_Machine)

1. ^ [***a***](#cite_ref-Flora_5-0) [***b***](#cite_ref-Flora_5-1) Flora Europaea: [*Anemone trifolia*](http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/cgi-bin/nph-readbtree.pl/feout?FAMILY_XREF=&GENUS_XREF=Anemone&SPECIES_XREF=trifolia&TAXON_NAME_XREF=&RANK=)

Taxon identifiers Anemonoides trifolia Wikidata: Q55813582 Wikispecies: Anemonoides trifolia CoL: DXR5 GBIF: 7277129 IPNI: 13542-2 PFI: 1042 Plant List: kew-2638898 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:13542-2 Tropicos: 100289099 WFO: wfo-0000536008 Anemone trifolia Wikidata: Q1057058 CoL: 5V346 EPPO: ANMTR EUNIS: 177364 GBIF: 3033231 IPNI: 13517-2 IRMNG: 11011119 ITIS: 508856 NCBI: 46975 Observation.org: 148376 Open Tree of Life: 421855 Plant List: kew-2638757 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:13517-2 Tropicos: 50076979 WFO: wfo-0000535856 Anemone nemorosa subsp. trifolia Wikidata: Q110471850 GBIF: 3924636 IPNI: 1117497-2 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1117497-2 WFO: wfo-0000535586 Anemone trifolia subsp. brevidentata Wikidata: Q22112928 Wikispecies: Anemone trifolia subsp. brevidentata CoL: 5FM92 GBIF: 6805180 IPNI: 951065-1 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:951065-1 WFO: wfo-0000535860 Anemonoides trifolia subsp. brevidentata Wikidata: Q93124964 GBIF: 3923836 IPNI: 77068337-1 POWO: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77068337-1 WFO: wfo-0000536011

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Anemonoides trifolia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemonoides_trifolia) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anemonoides_trifolia?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.