# Amabe clan

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{{Short description|Japanese noble family}}

thumb|{{nihongo|'''Amabe clan genealogy'''|海部氏系図|Amabe-shi Keizu|}} a national treasure
'''Amabe clan''' Is a Japanese clan associated with [Kono Shrine](/source/Kono_Shrine), which they have run since the [Kofun period](/source/Kofun_period).<!--original source text from [Kono Shrine](/source/Kono_Shrine) *{{nihongo|'''Amabe clan genealogy'''|海部氏系図||}}, early [Heian period](/source/Heian_period), it is considered the oldest family tree in Japan.The clan claims descent from Amenohoakari, and served as at the ''[kuni no miyatsuko](/source/kuni_no_miyatsuko)'' of [Tanba Province](/source/Tanba_Province) before it was divided into Tamba and Tango.The document records 82 generations of descent from Amenohoakari. It was designated a National Treasure in 1972.--><ref name="Bunka1">{{cite web |title=海部氏系図 |trans-title=Amebe shikeizu |url=https://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/heritage/detail/201/777 |accessdate=August 20, 2020 |publisher=[Agency for Cultural Affairs](/source/Agency_for_Cultural_Affairs) |language=Japanese}}</ref>

The clan was originally the [Kuni no miyatsuko](/source/Kuni_no_miyatsuko) or provincial governors of [Tanba Province](/source/Tanba_Province) but after the abolition of the role they took on a priestly role at [Kono Shrine](/source/Kono_Shrine),<!--original source text from [Kono Shrine](/source/Kono_Shrine) *{{nihongo|'''Amabe clan genealogy'''|海部氏系図||}}, early [Heian period](/source/Heian_period), it is considered the oldest family tree in Japan.The clan claims descent from Amenohoakari, and served as at the ''[kuni no miyatsuko](/source/kuni_no_miyatsuko)'' of [Tanba Province](/source/Tanba_Province) before it was divided into Tamba and Tango.The document records 82 generations of descent from Amenohoakari. It was designated a National Treasure in 1972.--><ref name="Bunka1" /> they share this history with the [Izumo clan](/source/Izumo_clan) of [Izumo-taisha](/source/Izumo-taisha), the [Aso clan](/source/Aso_clan) of [Aso Shrine](/source/Aso_Shrine), the [Owari clan](/source/Owari_clan) of [Atsuta Shrine](/source/Atsuta_Shrine), the {{ill|Munakata clan|ja|宗像氏}} of [Munakata Taisha](/source/Munakata_Taisha),<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-01 |title=Kuni no miyatsuko {{!}} 國學院大學デジタルミュージアム |url=https://d-museum.kokugakuin.ac.jp/eos/detail/?id=8839 |access-date=2023-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101031652/https://d-museum.kokugakuin.ac.jp/eos/detail/?id=8839 |archive-date=2023-11-01 }}</ref> and the [Yamato clan](/source/Yamato_no_Kuni_no_Miyatsuko) of [Ōyamato Shrine](/source/%C5%8Cyamato_Shrine).

== Genealogy ==
The {{nihongo|Amabe clan genealogy|海部氏系図|Amabe-shi Keizu|}} is a famous document housed at Kono Shrine. It is from early [Heian period](/source/Heian_period), it is considered the oldest family tree in Japan. The clan claims descent from Amenohoakari, and served as at the ''[kuni no miyatsuko](/source/kuni_no_miyatsuko)'' of [Tanba Province](/source/Tanba_Province) before it was divided into Tamba and Tango. The document records 82 generations of descent from Amenohoakari. It was designated a National Treasure in 1972.<ref name="Bunka1" />

In ''[Shinsen Shōjiroku](/source/Shinsen_Sh%C5%8Djiroku)'', the descendants of [Amatsuhikone](/source/Amatsuhikone), [Ame-no-hohi](/source/Ame-no-hohi), and {{ill|Amanomichine|ja|天道根命}}, together with the descendants of Amenohoakari are referred to as ''Tenson-zoku''. The ''Tenson-zoku'' descended from [Takamagahara](/source/Takamagahara) (Plain of High [Heaven](/source/Heaven)) to [Owari](/source/Owari_Province) and [Tanba](/source/Tanba_Province) provinces, and are considered to be the ancestors of Owari clan, {{ill|Tsumori clan|lt=Tsumori|ja|津守氏}}, Amabe clan, and {{ill|Tanba clan|lt=Tanba|ja|丹波氏}} clans.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hanawa |first=Hokiichi |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/959773242 |title=Shinsen Shōjiroku (新撰姓氏錄) |date=1983 |publisher=Onkogakkai |location=Japan |oclc=959773242}}</ref>

However, Toshio Hoga argues that ''Amabe clan genealogy'', which records these four clans as descendants of Amenohoakari, is a forged document,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hoga |first=Toshio |title=Kokuho「Amabe-shi Keizu」he no gimon, Kokigi no Heya (国宝「海部氏系図」への疑問 古樹紀之房間) |year=2006 |location=Japan}}</ref> and that these clans actually descended from the [sea deity](/source/List_of_water_deities) [Watatsumi](/source/Watatsumi). In addition, Owari clan's genealogy includes the great-grandson of Watatsumi, [Takakuraji](/source/Takakuraji), as their ancestor, and he argues this is the original genealogy.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hoga |first=Toshio |title=Tango no Amabe-shi no Shutsuji to sono ichizoku, Kokigi no Heya (丹後の海部氏の出自とその一族) |year=2006 |location=Japan}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

Category:Japanese clans
Category:Kuni no miyatsuko families
Category:Shake clans

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Amabe clan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amabe_clan) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amabe_clan?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.