# Alvega
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> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvega
> Source revision: 1356564920
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{{short description|Former civil parish in Portugal}}
{{Infobox Portuguese subdivision
|type = parish
| name = Alvega
| image_flag = Pt-abtav1.gif
| image_shield = ABT-alvega.png
|region = Oeste e Vale do Tejo
|CIM = [Médio Tejo](/source/M%C3%A9dio_Tejo)
|district = [Santarém](/source/Santar%C3%A9m_District)
|municipality = [Abrantes](/source/Abrantes)
| coordinates = {{coord|39.4653|-8.0457|display=it}}
| area_total_km2 = 55.33
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1499
| area_code = 241
| website =
| dissolved = 2013
}}
'''Alvega''' is a former ''[freguesia](/source/freguesia)'' ("civil parish"), located in the [municipality](/source/Municipalities_of_Portugal) of [Abrantes](/source/Abrantes_Municipality), in [Santarém District](/source/Santar%C3%A9m_District), Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish [Alvega e Concavada](/source/Alvega_e_Concavada).[{{cite web|title=Law nr. 11-A/2013, pages 552 4|url=http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/2013/01/01901/0000200147.pdf |accessdate=4 July 2014|author=Diário da República|author-link=Diário da República|language=Portuguese}}] The population in 2011 was 1,499,[[http://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xlang=en&xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0005889&contexto=pi&selTab=tab0 Instituto Nacional de Estatística]] in an area of 55.33 km².[[http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/nuts_nomenclature/documents/PT-LAU.xls Eurostat] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906094624/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/nuts_nomenclature/documents/PT-LAU.xls |date=September 6, 2014 }}]
==History==
thumb|left|Alvega, 1980
[[File:Alvega-Ortiga.JPG|thumb|235px|left|Alvega-Ortiga Railway Station, located on the other side of the [Tagus](/source/Tagus)]]
On top of a hilltop encountered {{convert|300|m|ft}} to the southwest of the confluence of the Tagus River with the Lampreia River, in the area of Barca de Bandos, are the ruins of a fortress. The vestiges of the surface area indicate the presence of the Phoenicians and Greeks.
By the time the Romans began occupying the Iberian peninsula around 130, the area was already an important community, designated ''Ayre'' or ''Aritium'', with river port that provided a military connection between Lisbon and Mérida. The destruction of the Roman fort was attributed to the invasion of Vandals, on their way to Andalusia. Of this Roman ''civitas'' there are still some buildings, house foundations and graves, underground galleries, likely the ruins of an aqueduct, military roads, and along the Tagus, there are markers to indicate a Roman bridge.
During the Muslim occupation the city continued to support a populous community. The toponymy, ''Alvega'', came from the Arab name ''Alrega'', with its history extending as far back as the Muslim occupation of Hispania.
==Geography==
The parish is located in the easternmost tip of the municipality, neighbouring with the municipalities of [Mação](/source/Ma%C3%A7%C3%A3o) to the north, with [Gavião](/source/Gavi%C3%A3o%2C_Portugal) to the east and with [Ponte de Sor](/source/Ponte_de_Sor) to the south.
The parish includes the localities of Alvega, Areia de Baixo, Areia de Cima, Casa Branca, Casal Ventoso, Lampreia, Monte Galego, Portelas and Tubaral.
It is situated on the left margin of the [Tagus River](/source/Tagus_River), {{convert|17|km|mi}} from the municipal seat of Abrantes. It is the centre of the Beira Baixa rail-line, in addition to having two river ports along the Tagus in Alvega and Barca de Bandos.
===Climate===
Alvega has a [Mediterranean climate](/source/Mediterranean_climate) with hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters. It has a very high [diurnal temperature variation](/source/Diurnal_air_temperature_variation) (especially in summer) due to its location in the [Tagus](/source/Tagus) [floodplain](/source/floodplain) and long distance from the [Mediterranean Sea](/source/Mediterranean_Sea) (which would otherwise increase nighttime temperatures) in low-latitude [Southern Europe](/source/Southern_Europe). The nights are cool, with an average yearly low of {{convert|8.5|C}}, and days are warm to hot, with an average yearly high of {{convert|23.9|C}}. The highest temperature recorded in Alvega was {{convert|46.8|C}} on 4 August 2018[{{cite web |title=August 2018 bulletin |url=http://www.ipma.pt/resources.www/docs/im.publicacoes/edicoes.online/20180924/QyzZvZwgxxBnLFiHkSkX/cli_20180801_20180831_pcl_mm_co_pt.pdf |publisher=[IPMA](/source/IPMA) |access-date=25 October 2020}}] and the coldest was {{convert|-7.5|C}} on 2 February 1981.[{{cite web |url=https://www.ipma.pt/resources.www/docs/im.publicacoes/edicoes.online/20230111/WJZHMhaokqkoozKEywXg/cli_20220701_20220731_pcl_mm_co_pt.pdf|title=Instuto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera|publisher=IPMA|language=pt|access-date=6 September 2024}}][{{cite web |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0009898&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2|title= Portal do INE - Dados Estatísticos|publisher=INE/Insituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera|language=pt|access-date=6 September 2024}}] Variations in daily temperature can occasionally surpass 30 °C (54 °F) in the summer. More recently, temperatures went from {{convert|10.9|C}} on the night of 10 July 2021, to {{convert|42.1|C}} on the same day.[{{cite web |title=IPMA - Observação de superfície diária com gráficos |url=https://www.ipma.pt/pt/otempo/obs.superficie/index-map-dia-chart.jsp#Alvega |publisher=[IPMA](/source/IPMA) |access-date=12 July 2021}}]
{{Weather box
| location = Alvega, 1991-2020 (with 2018 record high), altitude: {{convert|51|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| metric first = yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 24.9
| Feb record high C = 25.8
| Mar record high C = 31.1
| Apr record high C = 36.4
| May record high C = 40.1
| Jun record high C = 46.0
| Jul record high C = 45.7
| Aug record high C = 46.8
| Sep record high C = 43.8
| Oct record high C = 38.5
| Nov record high C = 28.2
| Dec record high C = 25.0
| year record high C =
| Jan high C = 15.1
| Feb high C = 17.0
| Mar high C = 20.3
| Apr high C = 22.0
| May high C = 26.0
| Jun high C = 30.3
| Jul high C = 33.3
| Aug high C = 33.8
| Sep high C = 30.2
| Oct high C = 24.6
| Nov high C = 18.5
| Dec high C = 15.4
| year high C =
| Jan mean C = 8.9
| Feb mean C = 9.9
| Mar mean C = 12.7
| Apr mean C = 14.7
| May mean C = 17.9
| Jun mean C = 21.5
| Jul mean C = 23.8
| Aug mean C = 24.0
| Sep mean C = 21.2
| Oct mean C = 17.3
| Nov mean C = 12.4
| Dec mean C = 9.8
| year mean C =
| Jan low C = 2.8
| Feb low C = 2.9
| Mar low C = 5.1
| Apr low C = 7.2
| May low C = 9.9
| Jun low C = 12.6
| Jul low C = 14.2
| Aug low C = 14.2
| Sep low C = 12.1
| Oct low C = 10.1
| Nov low C = 6.3
| Dec low C = 4.1
| year low C =
| Jan record low C = -7.3
| Feb record low C = -7.5
| Mar record low C = -6.5
| Apr record low C = -3.0
| May record low C = 0.7
| Jun record low C = 4.0
| Jul record low C = 6.9
| Aug record low C = 5.0
| Sep record low C = 3.5
| Oct record low C = -0.6
| Nov record low C = -5.9
| Dec record low C = -6.0
| year record low C =
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 82.5
| Feb precipitation mm = 61.8
| Mar precipitation mm = 66.3
| Apr precipitation mm = 64.2
| May precipitation mm = 53.7
| Jun precipitation mm = 14.8
| Jul precipitation mm = 4.3
| Aug precipitation mm = 6.3
| Sep precipitation mm = 32.0
| Oct precipitation mm = 98.8
| Nov precipitation mm = 100.4
| Dec precipitation mm = 85.2
| year precipitation mm =
| unit precipitation days = 1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 9.8
| Feb precipitation days = 7.4
| Mar precipitation days = 7.9
| Apr precipitation days = 8.1
| May precipitation days = 6.8
| Jun precipitation days = 2.4
| Jul precipitation days = 0.7
| Aug precipitation days = 1.4
| Sep precipitation days = 4.2
| Oct precipitation days = 8.9
| Nov precipitation days = 9.9
| Dec precipitation days = 9.4
| year precipitation days =
| source 1 = [IPMA](/source/IPMA)[{{cite web |title=Normais Climatológicas 1991-2020, Alvega |url=https://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_91-20_ALVEGA.pdf |publisher=[IPMA](/source/IPMA) |access-date=25 May 2025}}]
| source =
}}
{{Weather box
|location = Alvega, 1971-2000, altitude: {{convert|51|m|ft|abbr=on}}
|metric first = yes
|single line = Yes
|collapsed=yes
|Jan record high C = 22.5
|Feb record high C = 25.5
|Mar record high C = 30.2
|Apr record high C = 34.0
|May record high C = 36.5
|Jun record high C = 42.5
|Jul record high C = 44.0
|Aug record high C = 42.5
|Sep record high C = 42.5
|Oct record high C = 34.5
|Nov record high C = 27.5
|Dec record high C = 25.0
|year record high C =
|Jan high C = 14.5
|Feb high C = 16.4
|Mar high C = 19.3
|Apr high C = 20.8
|May high C = 23.8
|Jun high C = 28.4
|Jul high C = 32.0
|Aug high C = 32.2
|Sep high C = 29.5
|Oct high C = 23.7
|Nov high C = 18.4
|Dec high C = 15.3
|year high C =
|Jan mean C = 8.6
|Feb mean C = 10.1
|Mar mean C = 12.0
|Apr mean C = 13.7
|May mean C = 16.6
|Jun mean C = 20.4
|Jul mean C = 23.0
|Aug mean C = 22.9
|Sep mean C = 20.7
|Oct mean C = 16.6
|Nov mean C = 12.3
|Dec mean C = 10.0
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = 2.7
|Feb low C = 3.9
|Mar low C = 4.6
|Apr low C = 6.7
|May low C = 9.4
|Jun low C = 12.3
|Jul low C = 14.0
|Aug low C = 13.6
|Sep low C = 12.0
|Oct low C = 9.4
|Nov low C = 6.2
|Dec low C = 4.6
|year low C =
|Jan record low C = -7.0
|Feb record low C = -7.5
|Mar record low C = -6.5
|Apr record low C = -3.0
|May record low C = 0.0
|Jun record low C = 4.0
|Jul record low C = 7.0
|Aug record low C = 5.0
|Sep record low C = 2.0
|Oct record low C = -4.9
|Nov record low C = -7.0
|Dec record low C = -6.0
|year record low C =
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 86.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 74.7
|Mar precipitation mm = 46.6
|Apr precipitation mm = 58.2
|May precipitation mm = 58.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 22.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 6.9
|Aug precipitation mm = 7.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 29.6
|Oct precipitation mm = 81.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 91.0
|Dec precipitation mm = 102.4
|year precipitation mm =
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 12.2
|Feb precipitation days = 11.0
|Mar precipitation days = 8.9
|Apr precipitation days = 11.1
|May precipitation days = 9.7
|Jun precipitation days = 5.1
|Jul precipitation days = 2.1
|Aug precipitation days = 1.9
|Sep precipitation days = 5.6
|Oct precipitation days = 10.2
|Nov precipitation days = 10.8
|Dec precipitation days = 13.3
|year precipitation days =
|source 1 = [IPMA](/source/IPMA)[{{cite web |title=Normais Climatológicas 1971-2000, Alvega |url=https://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_71-00_ALVEGA.pdf |publisher=[IPMA](/source/IPMA) |access-date=12 July 2021}}]
}}
==Economy==
Alvega is essentially rural, involved in the cultivation of cereal grains, cork and olive orchards, as well as the raising of goats and sheep. In addition to [extraction of sand](/source/sand_mining) from the river, the fishery, horticulture and fructiculture, among other activities are important parts of the local primary sector economies.
Meanwhile, there are portions of the community involved in traditional tin, carpentry, tailoring and embroidery crafts, as a source of tourist dollars.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Former parishes of Abrantes
Category:Freguesias disestablished in 2013
---
Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Alvega](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvega) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvega?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.