# Alfred Goldscheider

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{{Short description|German neurologist (1858–1935)}}
right|thumb|Alfred Goldscheider (1858-1935)
'''Johannes Karl Eugen Alfred Goldscheider''' (4 August 1858 &ndash; 10 April 1935) was a German [neurologist](/source/neurologist) born into a [Jewish](/source/Jewish) family<ref>Paul Lerner, "From Traumatic Neurosis to Male Hysteria, The Decline and Fall of Hermann Oppenheim, 1889-1919" in Mark S. Micale & Paul Lerner (ed.), ''Traumatic Pasts: History, Psychiatry, and Trauma in the Modern Age, 1870-1930'', Cambridge University Press (2001), p. 146</ref> in [Sommerfeld](/source/Lubsko), [Kingdom of Prussia](/source/Kingdom_of_Prussia).

He studied medicine at Friedrich-Wilhelm Medical-Surgical Institute in [Berlin](/source/Berlin) (promotion 1881), and subsequently spent the next seven years as a [military physician](/source/military_physician). During this period of time, he also served as an assistant to [physiologist](/source/physiologist) [Emil du Bois-Reymond](/source/Emil_du_Bois-Reymond) (1818-1896). He later became a professor at the [University of Berlin](/source/University_of_Berlin).

In Berlin, he served as directing physician at the ''Krankenhaus Moabit'' (from 1894) and at the ''Virchow-Krankenhaus'' (from 1906). In 1910 he succeeded [Hermann Senator](/source/Hermann_Senator) at the polyclinic.<ref>[http://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz21587.html Goldscheider, Johann Karl August Eugen Alfred] in: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). Band 6, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1964</ref>

== Research ==
Goldscheider is best known for his work with the [somatosensory system](/source/somatosensory_system), in particular, research of the body's [thermoreceptor](/source/thermoreceptor)s in regards to localized "coolness" and "warmness" spots. He also performed research of localized [tactile](/source/Touch) skin sensitivity that included tests involving "pain" and "tickle" sensations. The eponymous terms; "Goldscheider's test" and "Goldscheider's percussion" are derived from his research. During this time period (the early 1880s), Swedish physician [Magnus Blix](/source/Magnus_Blix) (1849-1904) of the [University of Uppsala](/source/University_of_Uppsala) was performing similar tests, independent of Goldscheider.

In the late 1890s, with [neurologist](/source/neurologist) [Edward Flatau](/source/Edward_Flatau) (1868-1932), Goldscheider performed studies on the structure of [nerve cell](/source/nerve_cell)s and their changes under different stimuli. Also, he is credited with describing the skin disorder, [epidermolysis bullosa](/source/epidermolysis_bullosa), a condition sometimes called "Goldscheider's disease".<ref name="Norrsell">{{cite journal
 |author=Norrsell U, Finger S and Lajonchere C 
 |year=1999 
 |title=Cutaneous sensory spots and the "law of specific nerve energies": history and development of ideas 
 |journal=Brain Research Bulletin 
 |volume=48 
 |issue=5 
 |pages=457–465 
 |url=http://biologie.kappa.ro/teaching/cold_sensing_lit/norrsell.pdf 
 |pmid=10372506 
 |doi=10.1016/S0361-9230(98)00067-7 
 |s2cid=23135031 
 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930101341/http://biologie.kappa.ro/teaching/cold_sensing_lit/norrsell.pdf 
 |url-status=dead
 |archivedate=September 30, 2011 
}}</ref>

Goldscheider died in Berlin.

== Selected works ==
* ''Die lehre von den specifischen energieen der sinnesnerven'', 1881 &ndash; The doctrine associated with specific energies of the [sensory nerve](/source/sensory_nerve)s.
* ''Eine neue Methode der Temperatursinnprüfung'', 1887 &ndash; A new method of temperature sensory testing.
* ''Diagnostik der nervenkrankheiten'', 1893 &ndash; Diagnosis of diseases involving the nervous system.
* ''Gesammelte abhandlungen'', 1898 &ndash; Collected memoirs.
* ''Physiologie der Hautsinnesnerven'', 1898 &ndash; Physiology of skin sensory nerves.
* ''Normale und pathologische Anatomie der Nervenzellen auf Grund der neueren Forschungen'', 1898 (with Edward Flatau)  &ndash; Normal and pathological anatomy of nerve cells on the basis of recent research.
* ''Anleitung zur Übungs-Behandlung der Ataxie'', 1899 &ndash; Instructions for exercise treatment of [ataxia](/source/ataxia).
* ''Das Schmerzproblem'', 1920 &ndash; Problems pertaining to pain.<ref>[http://classify.oclc.org/classify2/ClassifyDemo?search-author-txt=%22Goldscheider%2C+Alfred%2C+1858-1935%22 OCLC Classify] published works</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Goldscheider, Alfred}}
Category:1858 births
Category:1935 deaths
Category:People from Lubsko
Category:Scientists from the Province of Brandenburg
Category:19th-century German Jews
Category:German neurologists
Category:Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Alfred Goldscheider](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Goldscheider) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Goldscheider?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.