# Alcalus

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{{Short description|Genus of amphibians}}
{{automatic taxobox
| image = Ingerana_tasanae.jpg
| image_caption = ''[Alcalus tasanae](/source/Alcalus_tasanae)'' from Thailand
| taxon = Alcalus
| authority = Brown, Siler, Richards, Diesmos, and Cannatella, 2015<ref name=BrownEtAl2015/>
| parent_authority = [Brown](/source/Rafe_Marion_Brown), Siler, {{interlanguage link|Stephen J. Richards|fr|lt=Richards}}, [Diesmos](/source/Arvin_Cantor_Diesmos), and [Cannatella](/source/David_Charles_Cannatella), 2015<ref name=BrownEtAl2015/>
| type_species = ''[Micrixalus mariae](/source/Alcalus_mariae)''
| type_species_authority = [Inger](/source/Robert_F._Inger), 1954
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision       = 5 species (see text)
}}

'''''Alcalus''''' is a small genus of frogs in the family [Ceratobatrachidae](/source/Ceratobatrachidae).<ref name=Frost/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb/> It is the only member of the [subfamily](/source/subfamily) '''Alcalinae'''. Its [sister taxon](/source/sister_taxon) is [Ceratobatrachinae](/source/Ceratobatrachinae).<ref name="Frost Alcalinae"/> Common name '''Alcala's dwarf mountain frogs''' has been proposed for the genus. They are found in [Palawan Island](/source/Palawan_(island)) (the Philippines), [Borneo](/source/Borneo), and the [Malay Peninsula](/source/Malay_Peninsula).<ref name=Frost/> They prefer semi-aquatic microhabitats.<ref name=BrownEtAl2015/>

==Etymology==
The genus is named in honour of [Angel Alcala](/source/Angel_Alcala), a Filipino biologist who has worked with Southeast Asian amphibians.<ref name=BrownEtAl2015/>

==Description==
Compared to the closely related genera ''[Cornufer](/source/Cornufer)'' and ''[Platymantis](/source/Platymantis)'', ''Alcalus'' have an intermediate body size (based on ''[Alcalus baluensis](/source/Alcalus_baluensis)'' and ''[A. mariae](/source/Alcalus_mariae)'', males measure {{convert|20|-|37|mm|abbr=on}} and females {{convert|26|-|43|mm|abbr=on}} in snout–vent length). The head is broad. Skin is coarsely textured, shagreened, or ‘wrinkled’ in appearance. The toe discs are widely expanded; inter-digital webbing is extensive. Males have nuptial pads but lack [vocal sac](/source/vocal_sac)s.<ref name=BrownEtAl2015/>

==Species==
There are five species:<ref name=Frost/><ref name=AmphibiaWeb/>
* ''[Alcalus baluensis](/source/Alcalus_baluensis)'' <small>(Boulenger, 1896)</small>
* ''[Alcalus mariae](/source/Alcalus_mariae)'' <small>(Inger, 1954)</small>
* ''[Alcalus rajae](/source/Alcalus_rajae)'' <small>(Iskandar, Bickford, and Arifin, 2011)</small>
* ''[Alcalus sariba](/source/Alcalus_sariba)'' <small>(Shelford, 1905)</small>
* ''[Alcalus tasanae](/source/Alcalus_tasanae)'' <small>(Smith, 1921)</small>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=AmphibiaWeb>{{cite web |url=http://amphibiaweb.org/lists/Ceratobatrachidae.shtml |title=Ceratobatrachidae |year=2020 |work=AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application] |publisher=Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb |accessdate=21 June 2020}}</ref>

<ref name=BrownEtAl2015>{{cite journal |last1=Brown |first1=Rafe M. |last2=Siler |first2=Cameron D. |last3=Richards |first3=Stephen J. |last4=Diesmos |first4=Arvin C. |last5=Cannatella |first5=David C. |name-list-style=amp |title=Multilocus phylogeny and a new classification for Southeast Asian and Melanesian forest frogs (family Ceratobatrachidae) |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=174 |issue=1 |year=2015 |pages=130–168 |doi=10.1111/zoj.12232 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Ceratobatrachidae/Alcalinae/Alcalus |title=''Alcalus'' Brown, Siler, Richards, Diesmos, and Cannatella, 2015 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2020 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |doi=10.5531/db.vz.0001 |accessdate=21 June 2020}}</ref>

<ref name="Frost Alcalinae">{{cite web |url=https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/Amphibia/Anura/Ceratobatrachidae/Alcalinae |title=Alcalinae Brown, Siler, Richards, Diesmos, and Cannatella, 2015 |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2020 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |doi=10.5531/db.vz.0001 |accessdate=21 June 2020}}</ref>
}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q19901049}}

Category:Alcalus
Category:Ceratobatrachidae
Category:Amphibian genera
Category:Amphibians of Asia
Category:Taxa named by Rafe M. Brown
Category:Taxa named by David C. Cannatella
Category:Taxa named by Arvin Cantor Diesmos
Category:Taxa named by Stephen J. Richards

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Alcalus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcalus) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcalus?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.