# Al-Brazil

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> Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Brazil
> Source revision: 1285421837
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{{Short description|Neighborhood in Rafah, Palestine}}
{{for|the Brazilian state whose ISO code is AL|Alagoas}}
{{coord|31|16|16.449|N|34|15|16.599|E|display=title}}
'''Al-Brazil''' is a [neighborhood](/source/Bairro) in the city of [Rafah](/source/Rafah), in the [Gaza Strip](/source/Gaza_Strip), one of the [Palestinian](/source/State_of_Palestine) territories. It lies in the South, by the border with [Egypt](/source/Egypt).<ref name="folhajun24">{{Cite web |last=Bercito |first=Diogo |date=22 June 2024 |title=Guerra causa destruição em bairro que homenageia brasileiros na Faixa de Gaza |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2024/06/guerra-causa-destruicao-em-bairro-que-homenageia-brasileiros-na-faixa-de-gaza.shtml |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref><ref name="folha15">{{Cite web |last=Santos |first=Tulio |date=4 April 2015 |title=Bairro de Rafah, na faixa de Gaza, homenageia soldados brasileiros |url=https://m.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2015/04/1612300-bairro-de-rafah-na-faixa-de-gaza-homenageia-soldados-brasileiros.shtml |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref> It was named after [Brazil](/source/Brazil) due to the presence of Brazilian soldiers in the [United Nations Emergency Force](/source/United_Nations_Emergency_Force) which operated in Gaza in the 1950s-60s (the so-called Suez Battalion).<ref name="folhajun24" /><ref name="folha15" /><ref name="DN24">{{Cite web |date=23 June 2024 |title=Bairro que homenageia brasileiros na Faixa de Gaza é destruído na Guerra |url=https://diariodonordeste.verdesmares.com.br/ultima-hora/mundo/bairro-que-homenageia-brasileiros-na-faixa-de-gaza-e-destruido-na-guerra-1.3526870 |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Diário do Nordeste](/source/Di%C3%A1rio_do_Nordeste) |publisher=[Sistema Verdes Mares](/source/Sistema_Verdes_Mares) |language=Portuguese}}</ref><ref name="folhaantesedepois">{{Cite web |last=Balbi |first=Clara |date=6 October 2024 |title=Bairro que homenageia Brasil em Gaza foi arruinado em 1 ano de guerra; veja antes e depois |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2024/10/bairro-que-homenageia-brasil-em-gaza-foi-arruinado-em-1-ano-de-guerra-veja-antes-e-depois.shtml |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref> There's another version of the origin of the name which sustains that it was only named Al-Brazil in the 1990s, when Brazil financed renovations there.<ref name="MEM">{{Cite web |last=Abusidu |first=Eman |date=5 December 2022 |title=Brazil Ambassador visits the Gaza Strip amid a warm welcome |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20221205-brazil-ambassador-visits-the-gaza-strip-amid-a-warm-welcome/ |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Middle East Monitor](/source/Middle_East_Monitor)}}</ref>

== History ==
The neighborhood was founded around an eponymous street, in a place that was known as "Campo Brasil" (Brazil Camp),<ref name="folhajun24">{{Cite web |last=Bercito |first=Diogo |date=22 June 2024 |title=Guerra causa destruição em bairro que homenageia brasileiros na Faixa de Gaza |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2024/06/guerra-causa-destruicao-em-bairro-que-homenageia-brasileiros-na-faixa-de-gaza.shtml |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref><ref name="folha15">{{Cite web |last=Santos |first=Tulio |date=4 April 2015 |title=Bairro de Rafah, na faixa de Gaza, homenageia soldados brasileiros |url=https://m.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2015/04/1612300-bairro-de-rafah-na-faixa-de-gaza-homenageia-soldados-brasileiros.shtml |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref><ref name="bbcbr">{{Cite web |last=Carrança |first=Thais |last2=Serrano |first2=Carlos |last3=Souza |first3=Caroline |date=7 October 2024 |title=Após um ano de guerra, o que aconteceu com o bairro Brasil em Gaza? |url=https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/cg78v5e7dk9o |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[BBC Brasil](/source/BBC_Brasil) |publisher=[BBC](/source/BBC) |language=Portuguese}}</ref><ref name="folhasergio">{{Cite web |last=Balbi |first=Clara |date=6 October 2024 |title=Brasileiro que serviu em Gaza junto à ONU em 1967 conta que Exército saiu às pressas |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2024/06/guerra-causa-destruicao-em-bairro-que-homenageia-brasileiros-na-faixa-de-gaza.shtml |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref> and expanded for some blocks all the way to the border with Egypt, being home to [refugee](/source/refugee)s from [conflicts with Israel](/source/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict).<ref name="folhajun24" /><ref name="DN24">{{Cite web |date=23 June 2024 |title=Bairro que homenageia brasileiros na Faixa de Gaza é destruído na Guerra |url=https://diariodonordeste.verdesmares.com.br/ultima-hora/mundo/bairro-que-homenageia-brasileiros-na-faixa-de-gaza-e-destruido-na-guerra-1.3526870 |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Diário do Nordeste](/source/Di%C3%A1rio_do_Nordeste) |publisher=[Sistema Verdes Mares](/source/Sistema_Verdes_Mares) |language=Portuguese}}</ref>

Following the [Six-Day War](/source/Six-Day_War), Israeli forces tried to rename the place to Al Nahla ("honey bee" in Arabic) in honor of a Jewish man who died there and in whose pockets some well-preserved sweet [dates](/source/Date_palm) were found weeks later. However, residents resisted the change; some even questioned the story's veracity.<ref name="folha15">{{Cite web |last=Santos |first=Tulio |date=4 April 2015 |title=Bairro de Rafah, na faixa de Gaza, homenageia soldados brasileiros |url=https://m.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2015/04/1612300-bairro-de-rafah-na-faixa-de-gaza-homenageia-soldados-brasileiros.shtml |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref> In 1970, when Israel built residential blocks for dislocated people, there was a second attempt to rename the place, this time to Dekel B, "dekel" being the [Hebrew](/source/Hebrew_language) term for [palm tree](/source/Arecaceae).<ref name="folhaantesedepois">{{Cite web |last=Balbi |first=Clara |date=6 October 2024 |title=Bairro que homenageia Brasil em Gaza foi arruinado em 1 ano de guerra; veja antes e depois |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2024/10/bairro-que-homenageia-brasil-em-gaza-foi-arruinado-em-1-ano-de-guerra-veja-antes-e-depois.shtml |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref>

The conflicts between the two peoples made the neighborhood a constant target of Israeli bombings in at least three occasions: in the early 2000s,<ref name="folhaantesedepois">{{Cite web |last=Balbi |first=Clara |date=6 October 2024 |title=Bairro que homenageia Brasil em Gaza foi arruinado em 1 ano de guerra; veja antes e depois |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2024/10/bairro-que-homenageia-brasil-em-gaza-foi-arruinado-em-1-ano-de-guerra-veja-antes-e-depois.shtml |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref><ref name="badil">{{Cite web |date=2004 |title=Refugee Assistance - Downhill into the future: Rafah, Gaza 2004 |url=https://www.badil.org/publications/al-majdal/issues/items/837.html |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[BADIL](/source/BADIL)}}</ref> in 2014<ref name="folhaantesedepois" /> and in 2024.<ref name="folhaantesedepois" /> In the first time, in the context of the [Second Intifada](/source/Second_Intifada),<ref name="bbcbr">{{Cite web |last=Carrança |first=Thais |last2=Serrano |first2=Carlos |last3=Souza |first3=Caroline |date=7 October 2024 |title=Após um ano de guerra, o que aconteceu com o bairro Brasil em Gaza? |url=https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/cg78v5e7dk9o |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[BBC Brasil](/source/BBC_Brasil) |publisher=[BBC](/source/BBC) |language=Portuguese}}</ref> according to a report by the [Human Rights Watch](/source/Human_Rights_Watch), Israel allegedly used bulldozers to bring down houses and open paths for its troops, avoiding possibly [mined](/source/Land_mine) roads and giving its residents only a brief time to pick up their belongings, with some buildings being demolished while still occupied.<ref name="folhaantesedepois" /> According to ''[The Guardian](/source/The_Guardian)'', 200 houses were demolished or bombed in Rafah, displacing 1,700 people, following an effort by the [Israeli Army](/source/Israeli_Ground_Forces) to uncover tunnels supposedly used to smuggle weapons from Egypt. In Al-Brazil specifically, a couple dozens houses were destroyed. Three tunnels and no weapons were found in the operation. Back then, the Israeli forces claimed only ten houses had been destroyed.<ref name="guardian">{{Cite web |last=McGreal |first=Chris |date=27 October 2003 |title=Death of a town |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/oct/27/israel1 |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[The Guardian](/source/The_Guardian) |publisher=Scott Trust Limited}}</ref>

The most recent destruction took place as a consequence of the ongoing [Gaza war](/source/Gaza_war). Over a year, Al-Brazil was one of the most targeted neighborhoods during Israeli bombings,<ref name="folhajun24">{{Cite web |last=Bercito |first=Diogo |date=22 June 2024 |title=Guerra causa destruição em bairro que homenageia brasileiros na Faixa de Gaza |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2024/06/guerra-causa-destruicao-em-bairro-que-homenageia-brasileiros-na-faixa-de-gaza.shtml |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref><ref name="bbcbr">{{Cite web |last=Carrança |first=Thais |last2=Serrano |first2=Carlos |last3=Souza |first3=Caroline |date=7 October 2024 |title=Após um ano de guerra, o que aconteceu com o bairro Brasil em Gaza? |url=https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/cg78v5e7dk9o |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[BBC Brasil](/source/BBC_Brasil) |publisher=[BBC](/source/BBC) |language=Portuguese}}</ref><ref name="folhasergio">{{Cite web |last=Balbi |first=Clara |date=6 October 2024 |title=Brasileiro que serviu em Gaza junto à ONU em 1967 conta que Exército saiu às pressas |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2024/06/guerra-causa-destruicao-em-bairro-que-homenageia-brasileiros-na-faixa-de-gaza.shtml |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref> since Israel claimed the place was harboring Hamas terrorists.<ref name="folhajun24" /><ref name="DN24">{{Cite web |date=23 June 2024 |title=Bairro que homenageia brasileiros na Faixa de Gaza é destruído na Guerra |url=https://diariodonordeste.verdesmares.com.br/ultima-hora/mundo/bairro-que-homenageia-brasileiros-na-faixa-de-gaza-e-destruido-na-guerra-1.3526870 |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Diário do Nordeste](/source/Di%C3%A1rio_do_Nordeste) |publisher=[Sistema Verdes Mares](/source/Sistema_Verdes_Mares) |language=Portuguese}}</ref><ref name="folhaantesedepois">{{Cite web |last=Balbi |first=Clara |date=6 October 2024 |title=Bairro que homenageia Brasil em Gaza foi arruinado em 1 ano de guerra; veja antes e depois |url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mundo/2024/10/bairro-que-homenageia-brasil-em-gaza-foi-arruinado-em-1-ano-de-guerra-veja-antes-e-depois.shtml |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo) |publisher=[Grupo Folha](/source/Grupo_Folha) |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Before these last attacks, Al-Brazil was a poor part of the city, full of low, poorly finished and overpopulated buildings.<ref name="bbcbr" /> A representative of the [UNRWA](/source/UNRWA) told [BBC Brasil](/source/BBC_Brasil) that efforts to rebuild the neighborhood, although accomplished in the past, are now uncertain due to the current level of destruction in the Gaza Strip, which he classified as "unprecedented".<ref name="bbcbr" />

== See also ==
* [Brazil–Palestine relations](/source/Brazil%E2%80%93Palestine_relations)

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://fotografia.folha.uol.com.br/galerias/33930-bairro-de-al-brazil-em-rafah-faixa-de-gaza Gallery of pictures of Rafah taken in 2015] on ''[Folha de S.Paulo](/source/Folha_de_S.Paulo)''
* [https://www.hrw.org/report/2004/10/17/razing-rafah/mass-home-demolitions-gaza-strip 2004 report on the destruction of houses in the Gaza Strip] on the [Human Rights Watch](/source/Human_Rights_Watch)'s website

Category:Rafah
Category:Neighborhoods in Palestine

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Adapted from the Wikipedia article [Al-Brazil](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Brazil) by Wikipedia contributors ([contributor history](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Brazil?action=history)). Available under [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes may have been made.
